Pāleʻa Dreissena. ʻO Dreissena nohona a me kahi nohona

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Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā wahi noho

Kino kino musebela zebra Aia i loko o kahi poho ikaika paʻa pono, kahi e pale ai iā ia mai nā hopena kūwaho. ʻO ka pūpū ponoʻī he ʻelua mau kiwikā like, e like me nā bivalve ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka "hale" o ka mollusk i ka wā makua i 4-5 kenimika ka lōʻihi a 3 kenimika ākea. I ka manawa like, hiki i ke kala ke ʻokoʻa loa - mai ka melemele melemele i ka uliuli a me nā aka ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Loaʻa ka hapa nui o nā mollusks i ka wai paʻakai, ʻoiai ko lākou inoa piha i nā kumuwaiwai he nui e like me "ʻO Dreissena muliwai«.

Loaʻa nā heluna lehulehu loa ma nā kai Azov a me nā Kai ʻEleʻele, a waiwai ka wai o ke kai Caspian a me Aral i Dreissens. Ma waho o ka wai paʻakai, hiki i kēia mollusks ke hoʻopili i ke ola i nā punawai kahe e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ana, no laila hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou ma kahi o nā kino wai kūlohelohe o Eurasia.

I ke kiʻi, ka muliwai Dreissena

Hoʻohana ākea ka shellfish e nā kānaka ma ke ʻano he kānana kūlohelohe no ka wai, ʻoiai ka zebra mussel, i hala i ka wai i loko ona iho, hoʻomaʻemaʻe iā ia a hoʻonui iā ia me nā mea i loaʻa ka hopena maikaʻi i ka ulu ʻana o ka limu.

No laila, i loko o kahi aquarium home maʻamau, lawelawe ka zebra mussel ma ke ʻano he kānana kūpono a me nā mea hoʻonaninani, a hui pū me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe ʻē aʻe. Ma kiʻi o ka musebela zebra nānā hoʻopuni i hoʻopuni ʻia e nā mea hoʻonaninani.

ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nohona

ʻO Dreissena - kahi ʻohana huakaʻi, ka mea, ma muli o nā mea ʻano ʻē o ke ʻano o ke ola, hopu a me ka noho kaʻawale i nā wahi noho hou, e hoʻolaha ana i nā wai o ka honua holoʻokoʻa. ʻO nā mea koe wale nō nā ʻāpana ʻākau, kahi anuanu loa no kahi kuhū. Holo ka mollusk a puni ka honua, e hoʻopili iā ia iho i nā ʻāpana o ka wai o nā moku a me nā moku, a hoʻonui ka mauna i nā manawa mahana a pau.

ʻO ka hohonu ʻoluʻolu loa no kahi kuhū he 1-2 mau mika. Eia nō naʻe, ʻike hohonu ʻia nā mussel zebra - ʻo ka hohonu o ka hohonu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia he 60 mika. Me ka meaʻai kūpono (inā hoʻopiha ʻia ka wai me nā mea pono), ulu koke ka musele zebra.

I ka makahiki mua o ke ola, hiki i kahi lōʻihi o 1 kenimika ke lōʻihi, ʻoiai i ka makahiki ʻelua e pālua ai kēia kiʻi. Ke hoʻomau nei ka ulu nui ʻana i ke ola o ke kō. ʻOiaʻiʻo, inā ʻoluʻolu nā kūlana o ke kaiapuni.

Hiki i kahi kanaka makua ke hele ma waena a kānana ma kahi o 10 liters o ka wai i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO nā kuhū liʻiliʻi, kahi e koi ai i ka nui o ka meaʻai no ka ulu wikiwiki, hana me ka ikaika ʻole - me ke kaupaona o 1 gram, hiki i ka mollusk ke hana e pili ana i 5 liters o ka wai i kēlā me kēia lā.

Hāʻawi kēia nui o ka hana i nā hōʻiliʻili nui o nā kūpale zebra e hoʻomaʻemaʻe wikiwiki i nā kino wai. No laila, inā ulu ka mussels 1000 zebra i loko o ka wai i ka manawa hoʻokahi (a he mea maʻamau kēlā mau hōʻiliʻili), i hoʻokahi lā hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe ma kahi o 50 mau mika cubic. mika o ka wai.

Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻo nā ʻelele o nā laha kahi mea leʻaleʻa enviable no nā iʻa he nui, crayfish a me nā nīʻau ʻē aʻe. No laila, no ka hopu ʻana i kekahi iʻa, aʻoaʻo ʻia e hoʻohana i ka musele zebra. Alakaʻi kahi mākeke zebra makua i kahi nohona neʻe ʻole, e hoʻopili iā ia iho i nā wahi paʻakikī. Me ka piʻi mālie o ka nui o nā mollusks, hiki iā lākou ke uhi i ka lalo a me nā mea ma luna o ia me kahi papa mānoanoa.

No kahi ola ʻoluʻolu, hoʻopili ka zebra mussel i nā lāʻau i pohō a me nā waʻa, nā paipu o ka wai a me nā paila, a no laila lilo ia i mea paʻakikī i ke komo ʻana o ka wai. Ma kahi kokoke i nā ʻoihana ʻoihana, pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe pinepine i kēlā mau wahi o kahi nui o nā iʻa.

ʻO ka nui o ka noho ʻana o nā lunamakaʻāinana o nā laha i ka wā o ka helu o kēlā me kēia kanaka ma 1 sq. ua piʻi ka mika i mau kaukani mau kaukani. Ma ia mau wahi ka unuhi ʻana o ka musele zebra He mea maʻalahi ia.

Mea ʻai

Pūpū Dreissena ninoieo o mau kiwikā paʻa paʻa. Hōʻike ʻia ke kino o ka ʻā e nā papa ʻelua o ka ʻahu, ma waena o lākou he cilia, nā kuleana no ka holo o ka wai. He ʻelua hoʻi ko Dreissena - no ka lawe ʻana a me ka puka o ka wai i kānana ʻia.

Lawe i ka wai i loko, kānana ka mollusk iā ia, komo i nā micronutrients a unuhi i ka oxygen i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai. ʻO nā mea āpau i kūpono ʻole no ka mollusk no ka meaʻai e hemo me ke koena o ka wai i kānana ʻia.

ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola

Hiki ke kōkua maikaʻi ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai mūkū zebra i loko o ka aquarium, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka loaʻa ʻana o hoʻokahi wale nō kanaka i mea e hōʻalo ai i ka lehulehu. ʻO ka awelika ke ola o kahi kūpale zebra ʻo 4-5 mau makahiki, eia nō naʻe, aia nā kenekulia, nona nā makahiki i kū i 7-8 mau makahiki.

Hoʻopili ka lōʻihi o ke ola o nā kuhū e ka maikaʻi o ka wai a me kona momona me nā huaora pono. Mākaukau nā pākeke makua e hoʻoulu i ka waenakonu o ka puna ke hoʻomaka e piʻi ka mahana o ka wai. Ke hoʻomau nei kēia hana i ke kauwela holoʻokoʻa, a hiki i ka hoʻomaka o ke kau a me nā welau, hou, me ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka mahana.

Kuha ʻo Dreissena i kekahi mau hua i loko o ka wai i kēlā me kēia manawa. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hua i loko o nā ʻeke i piha i ke koʻi ʻā. A laila kū ka momona o waho, a laila hoʻomaka ka ulu ʻana o ka larva.

ʻAʻau ka larva no kekahi mau lā a hiki i kona ulu ʻana i pūpū liʻiliʻi nona iho, a laila hāʻule mālie i lalo. I ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kūpono no kahi ola e hiki mai ana, hoʻokuʻu ka larva i nā mucus kūikawā (byssun threads), e hoʻopili iā ia i ka ʻili, e hoʻoliʻiliʻi hoʻi.

No laila, hiki i kekahi mau papa o nā hika ke hele mālie i kekahi i kekahi, ʻoiai ke alakaʻi nei i kahi nohona ʻoluʻolu piha no nā mollusks. I nā kūlana kūʻokoʻa, hiki i ka hū ke haʻalele i kahi i koho ʻia. Hoʻokaʻawale ka mollusk mai ka wana byssun ʻoʻoleʻa a kolo mālie ma ka lalo e ʻimi i kahi ola hou.

Inā hānai ʻia kahi hui nui o nā nīnū, wikiwiki loa ka hana hou ʻana. I kēlā me kēia mika cubic o ka wai, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike mai 50 a 100 paha mau ʻōpio. Akā, mai poina i nā holoholona ʻōpio a me nā hua manu kūpona zebra i meaʻai na nā poʻe ʻē aʻe o ka honua i lalo o ka wai, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole e ulu a pau i ka makahiki o kahi mollusk makua.

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E nānā i ka wikiō: Modeling the Effects of Cannibalistic Behavior in Zebra Mussel Dreissena polymorpha Populations (Nowemapa 2024).