ʻOhana Hornbill, i kapa ʻia ʻo kalao, pili i ke kauoha o Raksha-like. Kona inoa hornbill pono i ka ulu ʻana o ka pepeiaohao e like me ka nuku.
Eia nō naʻe, e kahaha paha ʻoe i ka ʻike ʻana ʻaʻole ulu ka poʻe lunamakaʻāinana o kēia ʻohana. Ma muli o ka ʻike i loaʻa i ka makahiki 1991, aia he 14 genera o kēia mau manu a me 47 mau ʻano like ʻole.
Ke hana nei i kahi ʻimi kiʻi o nā pepeiaohao hiki iā ʻoe ke huikau, no ka mea, ʻokoʻa loa lākou āpau, a ma hope o nā mea āpau, ʻaʻohe pepeiaohao kekahi. ʻO kahi wehewehe pōkole o kēlā me kēia ʻano o kēia mau manu e kōkua iā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo koke a hoʻomaopopo i ke kiʻi o nā kalao āu e pono ai.
ʻO kēia kiʻi ka manu kalao rhino
- ʻO Genus Tockus. He 15 mau ʻano. Kaupaona a 400g; ua hoʻopili ʻia nā hulu lele i nā wēlau; pāpale mahiole liʻiliʻi paha.
- ʻO Genus Tropicranus. Hoʻokahi ʻano. Kaupaona a 500g; keʻokeʻo poepoe keʻokeʻo disheveled; ʻaʻole i hoʻopili ʻia nā hulu lele.
- ʻO Genus Berenicornis. Kaupaona a 1.7 kg; ulu ulu liʻiliʻi; huelo keʻokeʻo lōʻihi; he papalina keʻokeʻo ko ke kāne a me ko lalo ke kino, ʻoiai he ʻeleʻele ka wahine.
- ʻO Genus Ptilolaemus. 900g ka awelika o ke kanaka makua; haʻi ʻia ka ulu ʻana, ʻaʻole maikaʻi naʻe; bluish i nā wahi o ka ʻili maka a puni nā maka.
- ʻO Genus Anorrhinus. 900g; mahiole pouli; ʻōlohelohe ka ʻili a puni nā maka a me ka lae, polū i ke kala.
- ʻO Genus Penelopides. ʻElua mau ʻano i aʻo maikaʻi ʻole ʻia. 500g; ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻili a melemele ka ʻili ma ka auwae a kokoke i nā maka. ua wehewehe maikaʻi ʻia ka mahiole; ʻike ʻia nā pā transverse groove ma ka bila.
- ʻO Genus Aceros. 2.5 kg; hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻole ʻia ka ulu ʻana, ke nānā aku me he puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi lā; ma ka maka, he polū ka ʻili hune, a ʻulaʻula ka ʻāʻī; ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo ka huelo.
- ʻO Genus Rhyticeros. ʻEhiku ʻano. 1.5 a 2.5 kg; He ʻōlohelohe ka auwae a me ka puʻu; ulu ka voluminous a kiʻekiʻe.
- ʻO Genus Anthracoceros. ʻElima ʻano. Hiki i 1 kg; nui ka mahiole, pahee; ʻōlohelohe ka ʻāʻī, ʻōlohelohe nā ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo; ʻeleʻele ka huelo luna.
- ʻO Genus Bycanistes. 0.5 a 1.5 kg; Nui ka mahiole, haʻi ʻia; keʻokeʻo ka kua o lalo a me luna.
- ʻO Genus Ceratogymna. ʻElua ʻano. 1.5 i ka 2 kg; nui ka ulu ana; ʻōlohelohe ka ʻāʻī a me nā ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo, polū; poepoe ka huelo, ʻaʻole lōʻihi.
- ʻO Genus Buceros. ʻEkolu ʻano. 2 a 3 kg; ua kūlou kahi pāpale mahiole nui loa i mua; puʻu ʻole ka ʻāʻī a me nā papalina; keʻokeʻo ka huelo, i kekahi manawa me kahi ʻāpana ʻeleʻele transverse.
- ʻInikua Rhinoplax. Ma mua o 3 kg; ulu nui ʻulaʻula nui; ʻōlohelohe ka ʻāʻī, ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula i nā kāne, bluish-viole i nā wahine; ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hulu huelo waena i ka lōʻihi o ke koena o nā hulu huelo.
- ʻO Genus Bucorvus. 3 a 6 kg; ʻeleʻele ke kala, akā keʻokeʻo nā hulu lele mua; ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī ua aneane ʻōlohelohe, ʻulaʻula a polū paha, i kekahi manawa ʻike ʻia kēia mau kala; ua manamana ʻia nā manamana o waho ma ka phalanx. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia ʻano e ka mea ʻaʻole ia i brick i ka puka o ka hollow.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā wahi noho
He manu noho ʻo Hornbills. ʻAneʻane makemake nā ʻano āpau e noho i nā wahi me kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka wela, ke kū ʻana o nā ululāʻau nui, no ka mea, noho lākou i nā lua kūlohelohe a noho i ka hapa nui o ko lākou ola i kahi kumulāʻau.
ʻElua wale nō ʻano manu o nā manu koraka kua (ʻo ka genus Bucorvus) i makemake e noho i nā wahi ākea me nā kumulāʻau liʻiliʻi, e hana ana i nā pūnana i nā ʻōiwi hollow a i nā hollows o nā baobabs. ʻO ka wahi noho o ke Kalao e kaupalena ʻia i nā ululāʻau equatorial, nā savannas ʻApelika a me ka wahi tropical i Asia.
Ma ʻApelika, ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā nūnū i ka ʻākau o ka Sahara, e iho ana i ka hema a hiki i ka Cape. Ma ʻAsia, ua noho kēia mau manu i nā panalāʻau o India, Burma, Thailand, a me nā mokupuni o ka Pākīpika a me nā moana India. Ma Australia a me Madagascar, ʻaʻohe o kēia mau manu.
ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Ke waiho nei i nā ulu lāʻau kūpikū a kiʻekiʻe ʻōiwi hihi koho i nā wahi huna loa, akā i ka manawa like walaʻau lākou. Akā ʻo kekahi o nā lunamaka nui loa o nā pūhaka - ʻo ka Kafr nāwi koraka - ma kahi ʻē, makemake ʻo ia e noho i ka ʻāina wao akua.
ʻAneʻane i kona ola āpau e hele wāwae ʻo ia ma ka honua, makemake ʻole ʻo ia e lele a ʻaʻole walaʻau me kona mau ʻeheu, no ka mea, he mea ʻaihue ia a ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai e pili pono ana i ka mālie hiki iā ia ke hoʻokokoke aku i ka mea i hōʻino ʻia.
I ke kiʻi kahi manu koraka nāka
Makemake nā ʻano liʻiliʻi o kalao e noho i nā ʻohana hipa, akā mālama ka nui i kahi kaʻawale a neʻe nui i nā ʻohana (paʻa). ʻAʻole hiki i nā Hornbills ke kūkulu i nā pūnana ponoʻī ma kā lākou iho, no laila pono lākou e koho i nā hollow kūlohelohe o kahi nui kūpono. I ka honua manu, rhino ʻoluʻolu kekahi i kekahi, manu lele ʻole.
ʻAʻole malihini nā kōkua a me nā kōkua mai nā hoanoho i kēia mau mea ola: ʻike pinepine ʻoe pehea e hānai ʻia ai ka wahine i paia ʻole ʻia i ka pūnana e kāna kāne wale nō, akā e hoʻokahi a ʻelua mau kāne kāne kōkua. Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻike ʻia kēia mau manu e ko lākou kūpaʻa - Kalao makua e hana i kahi lua monogamous. ʻOiai nā ʻano i noho i nā kula e mālama mau i ka moʻa ʻana i loko o ka makahiki.
Hoʻohanohano ʻia nā Hornbills e ko lākou maʻemaʻe. I ka manawa o ka incubation, paia ʻia nā wahine o nā manu rhino, akā, eia nō naʻe, loaʻa i ka hapa nui o lākou i kahi ala e hoʻohaumia ai i waho o ka pūnana, a kiola i ka ʻāpana lepo o ka ʻōpala mai ka pūnana.
Mea ʻai
Pili ka hānai o nā hornbills i ka laha o kahi manu kikoʻī i lawe ʻia, a i ʻole ka nui o kēia laha. ʻO nā kalao liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā mea hānai - ʻai lākou i nā pepelu i pio a me nā moʻo liʻiliʻi. I ka manawa like, makemake ka poʻe nui e ʻai i nā hua momona, ʻo ko lākou nuku kahi ʻano elongated no ka pono o ka hānai ʻana.
I ke kūlohelohe, aia wale nō nā karnivorous a me nā kalao ʻai hua wale, a me nā manu me ka papaʻai e pili pū ana. O kahi laʻana, ʻōiwi india hānai i nā hua, nā pepelu, nā mea hānai liʻiliʻi, a me nā iʻa pū kekahi.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
I ka hoʻomaka o ke kau moʻo, koho kūʻokoʻa ke kāne i hale no kona ʻohana e hiki mai ana, a laila kono ʻo ia i ka wahine ma laila a ke manaʻo nei e ʻae ʻia ʻo ia. Inā hauʻoli ʻo ia i kahi o ka pūnaewele pūnana e hiki mai ana, a laila pili pono ka moena iā ia. Ma hope o ka hoʻomoe ʻana o ka wahine i nā hua, hoʻopaʻa ka kāne i ka puha me ka pālolo, a waiho i kahi puka liʻiliʻi no ka ea a me ka hānai ʻana.
ʻO Manu Rhino manu kiʻi ʻia
Hāʻawi ke kāne i ka wahine i ka meaʻai i loko o ka manawa incubation holoʻokoʻa a no kekahi mau pule ma hope o ka hatching o nā moa. I kēia manawa, hoʻololi ka wahine i ka hollow i kāna plumage. I ke kaʻina o ka molting, i ka hāʻule ʻana o kona hulu āpau, ua nalowale ka wahine i ka hiki ke lele a lilo ʻole i pale ʻole.
I kēia hihia, ʻo ka paia i kūkulu ʻia e kāna kāne ka mea ʻoi loa, a ʻo ia wale nō, ka pale ʻana iā ia a me kā lākou pua mai nā mea ʻino kūwaho. A ma kēia mea, ua hoʻohanohano ka Horned Crows iā lākou iho, ka mea kūpono ʻole i kā lākou wahine. Hiki i nā wahine o kēia mau manu ke haʻalele i ka pūnana iā lākou iho i mea e ʻimi a mālama ai iā lākou iho.
ʻAʻole i hoʻomoe ʻia nā ʻano nui ma mua o ʻelua mau hua i ka manawa, ʻoiai e hiki i nā mea liʻiliʻi ke hana i kahi paʻa a ʻewalu mau hua. Hoʻomoʻa lākou i hoʻokahi hua i ka manawa, no laila ʻaʻole hiki koke i nā moa, akā ma ka huli. Hoʻololi ka ʻike ma ke ola o ke Kalao. ʻIke ʻia, pili kēia i ka nohona a me ke ʻano o kēlā me kēia. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā kumuwaiwai e ʻōlelo ana ʻo ka pōʻaiapuni o nā hornbills mai 12 a 20 mau makahiki.
