He mamo ka Mustang no nā lio Paniolo a Iberia paha i lawe ʻia i ʻAmelika e nā poʻe mākaʻikaʻi Sepania i ka makahiki 16.
ʻO ka inoa mai ka ʻōlelo Sepania mustengo, ʻo ia hoʻi "holoholona holoholona ʻole" a i ʻole "lio hele hewa". Manaʻo ka poʻe he nui nā mustangs he lio hihiu wale nō, akā ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka mustang kekahi o nā ʻano lio o kahi lio me ke ʻano kūʻokoʻa a me ke ʻano heʻe e hiki ke lawelawe ʻia.
ʻO ka lio Mustang i ke kiʻi hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ke ʻano o nā kala o kēia ʻano. Ma kahi o ka hapalua o nā lio hihiu a pau e ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula me ke ʻano ānuenue. ʻO nā hina ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele, keʻokeʻo, hina-ʻeleʻele me nā blotches like ʻole. ʻO ke kala punahele o nā Indians i ʻike ʻia a i ʻole camouflage.
Ua ʻimi nā Indians e hoʻopili i nā Mustangs i kā lākou mau pahuhopu, no laila ua hana lākou i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka laha. Pili kēia mau lio i ka papa o nā māmala, kahi kaʻawale o nā equids nui mai ka ʻohana equine. Hiki i nā lio ke piʻi i 1.6 mau mika ke kiʻekiʻe a kaupaona ma kahi o 340 mau kilo.
Nā hiʻohiʻona Mustang a me kahi nohona
Nā pahiolo lio hihiu Ua ʻike ʻia ma ʻAmelike ʻĀkau ma kahi o 4 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei a pāhola i Eurasia (manaʻo ʻia, e hele ana i ka Bering Isthmus) mai 2 a 3 miliona mau makahiki i hala.
Ma hope o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana mai o ka poʻe Sepania i nā lio i ʻAmelika, ua hoʻomaka ka ʻōiwi ʻAmelika e hoʻohana i kēia mau holoholona no ke kaʻa ʻana. He kūpaʻa kupaianaha lākou a me ka wikiwiki. Hoʻohui, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ko lākou mau wāwae wāwae i ka ʻeha, e kūpono ana iā lākou no nā huakaʻi lōʻihi.
He mamo ʻo Mustangs no nā holoholona i holo, haʻalele ʻia, a hoʻokuʻu ʻia paha i ka nāhelehele. ʻO nā ʻano hānau o nā holoholona hihiu maoli o ka lio ʻo Tarpan a me Przewalski. Noho ʻo Mustangs i nā wahi hānai o ke komohana o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.
Loaʻa ka hapa nui o ko Mustang heluna kanaka ma nā moku komohana o Montana, Idaho, Nevada, Wyoming, Utah, Oregon, Kaleponi, ʻAlikona, North Dakota, a me New Mexico. Noho kekahi o lākou ma kahakai ʻAkelanika a ma nā mokupuni e like me Sable a me Cumberland.
ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Ma muli o ko lākou kaiapuni a me nā ʻano hana, puaʻa mustang ʻoi aku ka ikaika o nā wāwae a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka iwi ma mua o nā lio kūloko.
ʻOiai he hihiu a unshoesable lākou, pono i kā lākou mau hooves ke kūpaʻa i nā ʻano kūlohelohe āpau. Noho nā Mustangs i nā pūʻā nui. Hoʻokahi lio lio ka hānai, ma kahi o ʻewalu mau wahine a me kā lākou ʻōpio.
Mālama ka lio i kāna ʻohana i mea e hakakā ʻole ai nā wahine, no ka mea, a i ʻole, e hele lākou i ka hoa paio. Inā loaʻa i ka lio lio ka lepo o ka lio lio o haʻi ma kāna ʻāina, honi ʻo ia, e ʻike nei i ka pilau, a laila haʻalele i kāna mau ʻōpala i luna e haʻi i kona alo.
Nui ka makemake o nā lio i ka ʻauʻau ʻana i ka lepo, ke loaʻa ʻana o ka puddle, moe lākou i loko a huli aʻe mai kēlā ʻaoʻao a kēia ʻaoʻao, ʻo ia mau ʻauʻau e kōkua i ka hemo ʻana i nā parasite.
Hoʻohana ka hānai i ka hapa nui o ko lākou manawa e ʻai ai i nā mauʻu. Hoʻokani ka lio wahine nui i loko o ka pipi i ke alakaʻi; i ka neʻe ʻana o ka pua, hele ʻo ia i mua, hele ka lio i hope, pani ʻia nā kaʻina a ʻaʻole ʻae i nā mea ʻino e hoʻokokoke.
ʻO ka wā paʻakikī no nā lio hihiu ke ola i ka hoʻoilo. Ma waho aʻe o ke anuanu, pilikia ka hemahema o ka meaʻai. I mea e ʻole ai e kū paʻa, kū nā lio i kahi ahu a hoʻomehana iā lākou iho me ka wela o nā kino.
I ka lā i kēlā me kēia lā, ʻeli lākou i ka hau me ko lākou mau kui, ʻai lākou e inu ai, a nānā i ka mauʻu maloʻo. Ma muli o ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka meaʻai a me ke anuanu, hiki i ka holoholona ke lilo i nāwaliwali a lilo i mea maʻalahi no nā mea ʻaihue.
He mau ʻenemi ko nā lio: nā bea hihiu, nā lynxes, nā ʻūlū, nā ʻīlio hae a me nā kānaka. I ka Wild West, hopu nā pipi bipi i nā nani hihiu e hoʻāno a kūʻai aku. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia 20, ua hoʻomaka lākou e hopu ʻia no ka ʻiʻo, a hoʻohana ʻia hoʻi ka ʻiʻo lio i ka hana ʻana i ka hānai no nā holoholona.
Mea ʻai Mustang
He kuhi hewa maʻamau ia lio mustang e ʻai i ka mauʻu a i ʻole nā ʻulu. ʻO nā lio he omnivores, ʻai lākou i nā mea kanu a me ka ʻiʻo. ʻO kā lākouʻai nui ka mauʻu.
Hiki iā lākou ke ola no ka manawa lōʻihi me ka ʻole o ka meaʻai. Inā loaʻa koke ka meaʻai, ʻai nā lio makua i 5 a 6 mau paona o nā mea kanu mea kanu i kēlā me kēia lā. Ke kakaʻikahi nā mālama o ka mauʻu, ʻai maikaʻi lākou i nā mea a pau e ulu ana: nā lau, nā kumu lāʻau liʻiliʻi, nā lālā ʻōpio a me ka ʻili lāʻau. Inu ka wai mai nā punawai, nā kahawai a i ʻole nā loko i ʻelua mau manawa i ka lā, a ke ʻimi nei nō hoʻi lākou i nā waihona o nā paʻakai mineral.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ka mustang
Ma mua o ka male ʻana, lure ka lio i ka lio i ka lū ʻana i kāna huelo i mua ona. Kapa ʻia nā pua a nā mustangs. Hāpai ka mares i kahi keiki i loko o kahi manawa 11 o ka manawa hānau. Hānau maʻamau nā Mustangs i nā keiki kāne i ʻApelila, Mei a i ʻole Iune mua.
Hāʻawi kēia i ka foal i ka manawa kūpono e ulu ikaika a ikaika hoʻi ma mua o nā mahina anuanu o ka makahiki. Hānai nā pēpē i ka waiū o ko lākou makuahine no hoʻokahi makahiki, a ʻike ʻia kahi cub. ʻAneʻane koke ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, hiki i nā mākua ke male hou. ʻO nā lio lio ulu, pinepine i ke ʻano o kahi pāʻani, ana i ko lākou ikaika, me he mea lā e hoʻomākaukau ana no nā hakakā koʻikoʻi no nā mākeke.
Me ka ʻole o ke kōkua kanaka, hiki i ko lākou heluna kānaka ke pāpālua i ka nui i kēlā me kēia makahiki ʻehā. I kēia lā, kaohi ʻia ka ulu ʻana o kēia mau lio a mālama i ke kaulike kaiaola, hopu ʻia lākou no ka ʻiʻo a kūʻai hou paha.
Manaʻo ʻia i loko o kekahi mau wahi noho, hoʻopōʻino nā lio i ka honua i uhi ʻia me ka turf a hana i ka ʻino hiki ʻole ke hoʻoponopono hou ʻia i nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona. Lio Mustang I kēia lā, aia kahi hoʻopaʻapaʻa wela ma waena o ka ʻoihana mālama a me ka lāhui ʻōiwi kahi e noho ai nā lio.
Kū'ē ka lehulehu kūloko i ka luku ʻia o ka lehulehu mustang a hāʻawi i kā lākou mau manaʻo kūʻē i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka helu. Ma kahi o 100 mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ma kahi o 2 miliona mustangs e holoholo ana i ka ʻāina ʻAkau o ʻAkau ʻAkau.
Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻoihana a me nā kūlanakauhale, hoʻolei ʻia nā holoholona i ke komohana i ke kuahiwi a me nā wao akua i kēia lā, no ka hopu ʻia i ka nahelehele, ma lalo o 25,000 o lākou e noho nei. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā laha e noho maʻamau ma waena o 25 a 30 mau makahiki. Eia nō naʻe, loaʻa i kahi mustangs kahi manawa ola haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā lio ʻē aʻe.
