Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā wahi noho o ka shiloklyuv
ʻApeketa (mai ka Latin Recurvirostra avosetta) he manu ia mai ke kauoha Charadriiformes o ka ʻohana stylobeak. Hiki ke unuhi maoli ʻia ka inoa Lākina o kēia holoholona ma ke ʻano "nuku meli i kēlā ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe."
ʻO ka nuku i kūlou i luna e hoʻokaʻawale i kēia ʻano o nā waders mai nā manu ʻē aʻe, ʻo 7-9 cm kona lōʻihi. he ana ko ka awl he 40-45 knm ka lōʻihi o nā kino, me kahi ʻēheu o 80 cm a me ke kaupaona o 300-450 g.
Lōʻihi loa nā wāwae no kēia ʻāpana o ke kino, ʻāhinahina-polū i ke kala, e pau ana i ka wāwae me nā manamana wāwae ʻehā, ma waena o nā membrane nui like me ka ʻāpiki.
Eia kekahi, he ʻano dimorphism moekolohe kēia ʻano, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine.
ʻO keʻokeʻo o kēia mau manu keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele: uhi ʻia ka ʻāpana nui o ke kino me nā hulu keʻokeʻo, nā wēlau o nā ʻeheu, ka piko o ka huelo, ʻeleʻele ka ʻaoʻao luna o ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī, aia kekahi kanaka me nā kiko ʻeleʻele nui ma nā ʻeheu a me ke kua.
ʻO ia ʻano kala o ka plumage e hana i kahi hiʻohiʻona o ke koʻikoʻi a koʻikoʻi i ka lokomaikaʻi o kēia manu.
He manu moa ʻo ʻAvocet. ʻO nā waihona wai a me nā wahi kahi e ola ai ka shiloklyuv e ko lākou salinity, ʻo ia hoʻi, makemake kēia manu i nā kahakai kai a me nā waihona kai paʻakai. Noho iki i ke kahakai o nā loko liʻiliʻi a me nā kahawai.
Ua palahalaha ka nohona ma Eurasia, Australia a me ʻApelika. I ka Lūkia Hui Pū ʻIa, kēia pūnana sandpiper i ka Caspian, Azov a me nā Kai ʻEleʻele, ma ke Kerch Strait, ka holo o ka palena ʻākau i ka hema o Siberia.
Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka nohona, hoʻokaʻawale nā ʻepekema i ka stylobeak i ʻehā ʻano:
- Aussie Ausetalia (mai ka Latin Recurvirostra novaehollandiae);
- ʻAmelika (mai ka Latin Recurvirostra americana)
- Andean (mai ka Latin Recurvirostra andina)
- Plain (mai ka Lūkini Recurvirostra avosetta).
Na hoakaka o ka awl ʻokoʻa iki nā ʻano ʻokoʻa, ka hapa nui no nā ʻokoʻa liʻiliʻi i ke kala o ka plumage. Ma lehulehu kiʻi paʻi manu hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kēia hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona.
ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nohona
ʻO nā Avocents he holoholona mehameha wale nō; i nā kolone, a hōʻea i ka helu awelika o 50-70 pālua o kēlā me kēia kanaka, kuʻi lākou i lalo no ka wā pūnana wale nō, a hiki kēia i ka hōʻea ʻana mai o ka wela i ka manawa mai ka hopena o Malaki a Mei.
Hiki i nā kolone nui loa a hiki i ka 200 pālua manu. Hana pinepine ʻia nā kolone me nā ʻōpala ʻē aʻe e like me nā gull, nā maʻi maʻi a me nā terns no ka pūnana.
Me kahi noho like, hiki i ka paʻakikī ke ʻike i ka manu mai kahi mamao aku. maʻi maʻi maʻi o kēia a i ʻole awl, akā ma kahi mamao loa, kūlou ka nuku i luna hāʻawi mau i kāna mea nona wale nō.
Kūkākūkā kekahi mau kānaka akeakamai e helu paha He manu neʻe ʻo ʻAvocet ʻaʻole paha, akā ʻo ke kuhi ma aneʻi kekahi ʻano o kēia mau holoholona, e like me ka Australian shilokak, no ka pūnana ʻana, ʻaʻole ia e lele lōʻihi, akā ʻākoakoa wale me nā hoahānau ʻē aʻe e kokoke ana i kona wahi noho mau, ʻoiai nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, e laʻa, nā poʻe e noho ana ma Rūsia, lele i nā wahi mehana o ʻAsia a me ʻApelika no ka hoʻoilo.
Mea ʻai
ʻO ka papaʻai o ka manu ka hapa nui o nā crustacea liʻiliʻi, nā kolo a me kā lākou larva e noho ana i nā kino wai, nā mollusks a me kekahi ʻano o nā mea kanu wai e hele pū no ka meaʻai.
ʻImi ka shiloklyuvka i ka meaʻai ma ka wai pāpaʻu, e neʻe mālie nei i nā lālā lōʻihi ma ke kahakai o ka waihona, huki ia i kāna mea pio mai ka wai me nā neʻe koke a ale iā ia.
I kekahi manawa ʻauʻau aku ʻo ia mai ke kapakai, lana pono ka awl ma muli o nā membrane ma kona mau ʻūhā, a laila ke ala e loaʻa ai nā loli o ka meaʻai - ʻauʻau i ka wai a me ka nānā ʻana i kāna mea ʻai, luʻu ʻoi loa ia ma lalo o ka wai, e hopu ana i ka crustacea i loaʻa a i ʻole ka ʻenekia me kona nuku.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Hoʻomaka ka wā ʻōpio i ka awl mai 1.5-2 mau makahiki. He monogamous kēia mau manu a male kāne me hoʻokahi wahine wale nō i ko lākou ola.
I ka wā o ka pūnana, i ka ʻākoakoa ʻana i ke kolone, hana lākou i nā hulina moena, a ma hope e hāpai ʻia nā keiki o ka wā e hiki mai ana. Ma hope o kēlā, hoʻomaka nā manu e kūkulu i ko lākou pūnana.
Lawe nā mākua ʻelua i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka pūnana. Maʻalahi loa ia. Aia ia ma kahi puʻu liʻiliʻi, ma kahakai a i ʻole nā mokupuni e kū mai ana mai ka wai, i kekahi manawa ma nā pōhaku.
Hoʻomoe ka wahine i nā hua manu i ka punana, maʻa mau he 3-4 mau hua. ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻōniʻoniʻo o ka pūpū hua manu he mākū a he one paha me nā ʻeleʻele a me nā hina hina.
I loko o ka wā incubation, kiaʻi kiaʻi loa ka shiloklyuv i ko lākou pūnana, me nā gull kokoke mai, ke kū lākou ma kahi kokoke, hoʻomaka lākou e hana noisily a me ka hakakā.
Hoʻokomo pololei ʻia ka incubation, no 20-25 mau lā, e kahi wahine a me kahi kāne, a ma hope iho o ka hatch ʻana o nā moa fluffy. Hoʻomaka ke keiki a ka shiloklyuvka e neʻe kūʻokoʻa ma kahi kokoke i nā lā mua.
Ma kahi o 35-40 mau lā, holo holoʻokoʻa ka hanauna ʻōpio, a ma hope e aʻo lākou e lele a hoʻololi i ke kākoʻo ola kūʻokoʻa.
I ka noho holoʻokoʻa ʻana o nā moa me ko lākou mau mākua, mālama mau ka hope i kā lākou keiki, a ʻoiai ma hope o nā mokulele kūʻokoʻa mua, noho mau nā shilokbeaks me nā manu makua no kekahi manawa.
Hoihoi! I ka wā hānau a i ka wā kamaliʻi, he ʻano like ka nuku o nā keiki awl ʻōpio a kūlou wale i luna me ka makahiki.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke ola o ka awl he 10-15 mau makahiki. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka manu loloa ate o kēia ʻohana e ke kani kani i Holland, ʻo kona mau makahiki he 27 piha a me 10 mau mahina.
Ma muli o ka noho ʻana o Rūsia i kēia wahi sandpiper i kahi wahi liʻiliʻi loa a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka manu. Ua helu ʻia ʻo Awl i ka puke ʻula ko mākou ʻāina a pale ʻia e ke kānāwai.
