Cardinal ʻulaʻula ʻO ia kahi mele mele nui, huelo lōʻihi me kahi nuku pōkole, mānoanoa loa a me kahi pihi koleke. Noho pinepine nā cardinal ulaʻula i kahi kūlou me ko lākou huelo e kuhikuhi pololei ana i lalo. Noho kēia manu i nā māla, nā pā kua hale a me nā wahi ulu lāʻau o ka wai wai ʻo Chesapeake Bay.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Red Cardinal
ʻO ka cardinal ʻulaʻula (Cardinalis cardinalis) kahi manu ʻĀkau ʻAmelika o nā cardinal genus. ʻIke ʻia ʻo ia ʻo ka cardinal ʻākau. ʻO ka inoa maʻamau a me ka inoa ʻepekema no ka cardinal ʻulaʻula e pili ana i nā cardinals o ka hale pule Katolika Roma, ka mea e ʻaʻahu i ko lākou ʻano lole ʻulaʻula a me nā pāpale. ʻO ka huaʻōlelo "ʻākau" i kona inoa nui e pili ana i kona laulā, ʻoiai ʻo ia ka ʻākau loa o nā cardinals. I ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, aia he 19 mau ʻāpana o nā cardinal ulaula, ʻokoʻa ka nui i ke kala. ʻO ko lākou ola ʻana ma kahi o ʻekolu mau makahiki, ʻoiai ke ola ʻana o kekahi he 13 a 15 mau makahiki.
Video: Cardinal Red
ʻO ka cardinal ʻulaʻula ka manu aupuni mokuʻāina ʻoi aku ma lalo o ʻehiku mau mokuʻāina hikina. Nui ma ka Hikina Hema, ua hoʻonui ia i kona palena ʻākau i loko o nā makahiki he nui, a ʻānō hoʻi i nā lā hoʻoilo me kona kala a me ke mele sibilant ma ke kūkulu ʻākau, e like me ka hema hikina o Kanada. Hiki i nā mea hānai ke hoʻolako ʻia me nā ʻano pua sunflower ke kōkua i kona pālahalaha ʻana i ka ʻākau Ma ke komohana o ke kula nui, ka nui o ka cardinal ʻulaʻula e hele ʻole ana, akā i ka wao akua ma ke komohana hema ua māhelehele ʻia ia wahi.
ʻOiaʻiʻo leʻaleʻa: He kānalua nā poʻe he nui i kēlā me kēia puna i ka wā e hoʻouka ai kahi kāleka ʻulaʻula i kāna aniani ma ka puka aniani, ke aniani kaʻa, a i ʻole ka ʻūlū ʻōlinolino. Hana nā kāne a me nā wahine i kēia, a pinepine i ka puna a me ke kauwela, ke hopohopo lākou me ka pale ʻana i ko lākou ʻāina mai nā hoʻouka kaua āpau. Hiki i nā manu ke hakakā i kēia poʻe komo hewa i mau hola me ka hāʻawi ʻole. I kekahi mau pule ma hope, ke emi nā pae o nā hormoni hoʻonāukiuki, pono kēia mau hoʻouka (ʻoiai mālama kekahi wahine i kēia hana i kēlā me kēia lā no ʻeono mau mahina me ka ʻole o ke kū ʻana).
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka cardinal ʻulaʻula
ʻO nā cardinals ʻulaʻula he songbirds waena waena. ʻUlaʻula ʻulaʻula nā kāne, koe wale no ka pale maka ʻeleʻele ma ka maka. ʻO lākou kekahi o nā manu i ʻike nui ʻia ma muli o ko lākou ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula. ʻEleʻele ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo me nā mea koʻikoʻi ʻulaʻula a nele i kahi uhi ʻeleʻele (akā ʻeleʻele nā ʻāpana o ko lākou alo).
Loaʻa i nā kāne a me nā wahine nā nuku ʻalani-ʻulaʻula mānoanoa, he huelo lōʻihi a me kahi kikoʻī o nā hulu ma ke kalaunu o ke poʻo. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine. 22.2 a 23.5 cm ka lōʻihi o nā kāne, ʻo 20.9 a 21.6 cm ka lōʻihi o nā wahine. ʻO ka awelika ke kaumaha o nā cardinal ulaula mākua ʻo 42 a 48 g. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka ʻēheu 30.5 cm. like nā cardinal ʻulaʻula me nā wahine, akā he oho hina ma mua o ka nuku ʻalani-ʻula.
ʻOiaʻiʻo leʻaleʻa: Aia he 18 mau ʻāpana o nā cardinal red. ʻO ka hapa nui o kēia mau ʻāpana ʻokoʻa i ka waihoʻoluʻu mask i nā wahine.
ʻAʻole like me nā manu mele ʻē aʻe ma ʻAmelika Hema, hiki i nā kāne a me nā wahine wahine ʻulaʻula ke hīmeni. Ma ke ʻano he kūpono, hiki i nā kāne mele mele kāne wale nō ke hīmeni. Loaʻa iā lākou nā huaʻōlelo pākahi, e like me ka "chip-chip-chip" ʻoi loa a i ʻole ke aloha lōʻihi. Koho lākou i ke koho i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe loa no ka hīmeni ʻana. E hoʻohana ke kāne i kāna kāhea ʻana e huki i ka wahine, ʻoiai e mele ana ka cardinal ʻulaʻula wahine mai kāna pūnana, e kāhea ana paha i kāna kāne ma ke ʻano he leka no ka meaʻai.
Mea leʻaleʻa: he wahine ka cardinal ulaula kahiko i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a he 15 mau makahiki a me 9 mau makahiki kona manawa i loaʻa ai ma Pennsylvania.
Ma hea e noho ai ka cardinal ʻulaʻula?
Kiʻi ʻula Cardinal ʻula ma ʻAmelika
Kuhi ʻia he 120 miliona mau Cardinal Red i ka honua, ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou e noho ana ma ka hikina o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, a laila ʻo Mexico, a laila ʻo Canada hema. Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou mai Maine a Texas a ma ka hema ma Mekiko, Belize, a me Guatemala. Noho pū lākou i nā ʻāpana o ʻAlikona, Kaleponi, New Mexico, a me Hawaii.
Ua hoʻonui ka laulā o ka cardinal ulaula i nā makahiki he 50 i hala, e like me New York a me New England, a ke hoʻomau nei e hoʻonui i ka ʻākau a me ke komohana. Manaʻo ka poʻe loea ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā kūlanakauhale, nā kaiāulu a me nā poʻe e hoʻolako i ka meaʻai i kēlā me kēia makahiki, e maʻalahi ai ke ola i nā wahi anuanu. Noho nā cardinals ʻulaʻula i kahi ulu nui e like me ka lihi o ka ululāʻau, nā māla ulu nui, nā pale a me nā marshlands, nā mesquite a me nā kāhiko hoʻonaninani.
No laila, he kamaʻāina nā Red Cardinals i ka ʻāina ʻo Nearctic. Loaʻa lākou ma ka hikina a ma waena o ʻAkau ʻAmelika mai ka hema o Kanada a i nā ʻāpana o Mekiko a me ʻAmelika Waena. Ua hōʻike ʻia lākou i Kaleponi, Hawaii a me Bermuda. Ua hoʻonui nui nā Cardinal Red i kā lākou laulā mai ka wā o ka makahiki 1800, ke hoʻohana nei i nā mahana mahana, ka noho ʻana o ke kanaka, a me nā meaʻai hou aʻe i loaʻa i nā mea hānai manu.
ʻOi aku nā kāleka ʻulaʻula i nā kahele nahele, nā pale a me nā mea kanu a puni nā hale. ʻO kēia paha ke kumu o ka hoʻonui ʻana i kā lākou helu mai ka wā mua o ka makahiki 1800. Pōmaikaʻi pū nā cardinal ulaula mai ka nui o ka poʻe e hānai ana iā lākou a me nā manu ʻai ʻanoʻano ʻē aʻe i ko lākou pā hale.
I kēia manawa ʻike ʻoe i kahi i loaʻa ai ka cardinal ʻulaʻula. E ʻike kāua i ka manu e ʻai ai.
He aha ka mea e ʻai ai ka cardinal ʻulaʻula?
Kiʻi: Cardinal ʻulaʻula manu
ʻO nā cardinal ulaula he omnivores. ʻO kaʻai maʻamau a ka cardinal ʻulaʻula ʻano nui nā ʻanoʻano, nā hua, a me nā hua. Hoʻopili pū ʻia kā lākou papaʻai e nā mea kolo, ʻo ia ke kumu nui o nā meaʻai no kā lākou moa. ʻO kekahi o nā ʻelele punahele me nā beetles, butterflies, centipedes, cicadas, crickets, flies, katidids, moths, and spider.
I loko o nā mahina hoʻoilo, hilinaʻi nui lākou i nā hua i hoʻolako ʻia i nā mea hānai, a ʻo kā lākou mea punahele nā pua lūlū i ka aila a me nā ʻanoʻano safflower. ʻO nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe a lākou e makemake ai he ʻīlio ʻīlio, hua waina hihiu, buckwheat, mea kanu, sedges, mulberry, blueberry, blackberry, sumac, tulip tree a me corn. ʻO nā mea kanu Blueberry, mulberry a me blackberry nā koho kanu maikaʻi loa no ka lilo ʻana i kumu ʻai a me kahi hūnā ma muli o kā lākou mānoanoa.
E mālama i ko lākou helehelena, hoʻopau lākou i nā hua waina a i ʻole nā hua dogwood. I ka wā o ka digestion, komo nā pigment mai nā hua i ke kahe o ke koko, nā follicle hulu, a me ka crystallize. Inā ʻaʻole hiki i ka cardinal ʻulaʻula ke loaʻa nā hua, e mae iki kona malu.
ʻOiaʻiʻo leʻaleʻa: Loaʻa i nā cardinals ʻulaʻula i kā lākou mau kala momona mai nā pigment i loaʻa i nā hua a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe i kā lākou papaʻai.
ʻO kahi mea nui e huki i nā cardinals ʻulaʻula kahi hānai manu. ʻAʻole like me nā manu ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole hiki i nā cardinal ke hoʻololi koke i ko lākou ala, no laila pono i nā mea hānai manu ke lawa ka nui no lākou e pae maʻalahi ai. Makemake lākou e pale i ka wā e ʻai ana, no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka waiho ʻana i ka mea hānai ma kahi o 1.5-1.8m ma luna o ka honua a ma kahi e pili ana i nā kumulāʻau a i ʻole nā lāʻau. ʻO nā Cardinal Red ka mea hānai lepo a mahalo hoʻi i ka waiho ʻana i ka meaʻai ma lalo o ka mea hānai manu. ʻO kekahi o nā kaila hānai manu ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi me nā mea hānai me kahi ākea e noho ana.
Hoʻohana nā cardinal ʻulaʻula i ka ʻauʻau no ka inu ʻelua a me ka ʻauʻau ʻana. Ma muli o ka nui o ka nui o nā cardinals, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi bird bird 5 a 8 cm i kona hohonu hohonu. I ka hoʻoilo, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana i ka ʻauʻau manu wela a i ʻole ka hoʻohuʻu ʻana i ka mea hoʻomehana i kahi ʻauʻau manu maʻamau. Pono e hoʻololi i ka wai ʻauʻau no nā ʻano manu āpau i nā manawa he nui i ka pule. Inā ʻaʻole hōʻike ʻia ke kumu wai, e haʻalele nā cardinals ʻulaʻula a loaʻa ma kahi ʻē, e like me ka loko iʻa, kahawai, a kahawai paha.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Cardinal ʻulaʻula i ka hoʻoilo
ʻAʻole neʻe nā cardinal ulaula a puni lākou i ka makahiki. ʻEleu lākou i ka lā, keu hoʻi i nā hola o ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi. I ka wā hoʻoilo, hānai ka hapa nui o nā cardinals a noho pū. I ka wā hānau, he teritori lākou.
Makemake nā cardinal red i kahi mehameha kahi e palekana ai lākou. ʻO ke ʻano o nā wahi e hoʻolako i ka uhi maikaʻi ʻo nā kumu waina, nā lāʻau a me nā lāʻau liʻiliʻi. Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano lāʻau a me nā laʻalāʻau e hōʻea i nā cardinal ulaula no ka hana pūnana. Hiki ke kanu i nā laʻalāʻau e like me nā kumu waina, honeysuckle, dogwood a me ka juniper i uhi paʻa no kā lākou pūnana. I ka hoʻoilo, hāʻawi nā kumulāʻau ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā laʻalāʻau i kahi palekana a kūpono kūpono no kēia mau manu neʻe ʻole.
ʻAʻole hoʻohana nā cardinal Red i nā pahu pūnana. Akā, e ʻimi ke kāne a me ka wahine i kahi pūnana uhi paʻa i hoʻokahi pule a ʻelua paha ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wahine e kūkulu. ʻO ka wahi maoli kahi e hoʻopili ʻia ai ka pūnana i loko o ke ʻō o nā lālā liʻiliʻi i loko o kahi laʻalāʻau, seedling, a pōpō paha. Hūnā mau ka pūnana i nā lau nahele. ʻO nā kumulāʻau a me nā kumulāʻau maʻamau a nā cardinal ulaula e koho ai me dogwood, honeysuckle, pine, hawthorn, nā hua waina, spruce, hemlock, blackberry, rose bushes, elms, elderberry, a me ka maple kō.
ʻOiaʻiʻo leʻaleʻa: Na ke kāleka wahine ʻulaʻula e kuleana no ka kūkulu ʻana i nā pūnana. Kūkulu mau lākou i nā pūnana mai nā lālā, nā nila kui, ka mauʻu a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe.
Ke koho ʻia kahi wahi, lawe pinepine ka kāne i nā mea hana pūnana i ka wahine. Hoʻopili kēia mau mea i nā ʻāpana o ka ʻili, nā lālā lālā lahilahi, nā kumu waina, nā mauʻu, nā lau, nā nila kui, nā mea kanu mea kanu, nā aʻa a me nā koʻokoʻo. Hoʻopili ka wahine i nā lālā me kona nuku a hiki i ka loli ʻana, a laila hoʻokuʻi iā lākou me kāna mau wāwae, e hana ana i kahi kīʻaha.
ʻO kēlā me kēia pūnana ʻehā mau lālā o nā lālā kūpikipiki, i uhi ʻia me ka moena lau, i kāwili ʻia me ka ʻili waina, a laila ʻoki ʻia me nā nila kui, nā mauʻu, nā kumu a me nā aʻa. Lōʻihi kēlā me kēia pūnana i 10 mau lā. E hoʻohana wale nā Red Cardinals i kā lākou pūnaewele punana i hoʻokahi manawa, no laila he mea nui e nui mau nā lāʻau, nā lāʻau a me nā mea kokoke.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Kāne a me ka wahine ʻulaʻula cardinal
I nā wahi hema, ʻike ʻia ka Red Cardinals e hānau i ʻekolu mau moa i hoʻokahi kau. Ma nā mokuʻāina waena, kākaʻikahi wale lākou i ka hānau ʻana ma mua o hoʻokahi. He makua ʻokoʻa nā Cardinal Red. Māhele ke kāne i nā kuleana o ka makua me kāna kāne, hānai a mālama ʻana i ka makuahine i ka wā a ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻia ʻana. Kōkua kona mau manaʻo makua iā ia e pale i ka makuahine a me nā keiki a haʻalele lākou i ka pūnana.
Hahai pinepine nā cardinal ʻulaʻula ʻōpio i ko lākou mau mākua ma ka honua no kekahi mau lā ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka pūnana. Noho pili loa lākou i ko lākou mau mākua a hiki i ka wā e hiki ai iā lākou ke loaʻa ka meaʻai na lākou iho. ʻOiai ke kāne e mālama i kona ʻohana, hoʻololi pinepine kona kala ʻulaʻula i ka malu o ka ʻalani.
ʻO nā wā maʻa o nā cardinal ulaula ʻo Malaki, Mei, Iune a me Iulai. Ka nui o ka paʻa - mai 2 a i 5 mau hua. 2.2 a 2.7 knm ka lōʻihi o ka hua, 1.7 a 2 cm ka laulā, a he 4.5 gram kaupaona. Pālahalaha a hinuhinu keokeo nā hua me ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, polū a ʻulaʻula paha, me nā kiko hina, ʻeleʻele a ʻulaʻula paha. ʻO ka manawa incubation he 11 a 13 mau lā. Hānau hūnā ʻia nā ʻōpō koe wale no nā ʻano hina hina hina i lalo, pani ʻia ko lākou mau maka a palaka lākou.
Nā pae o ke ola o ka cardinals ʻōpio ʻulaʻula:
- cub - mai 0 a 3 mau lā. ʻAʻole i hāmama kona mau maka, aia paha he mau pupf ma lalo o kona kino. ʻAʻole mākaukau e haʻalele i ka pūnana;
- moa - mai 4 a 13 mau lā. Ua hāmama kona mau maka, a ʻo nā hulu ma luna o kona mau ʻeheu e like paha me nā paipu no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou i wāwahi i nā pūpū pale. ʻAʻole mākaukau ʻo ia e haʻalele i ka pūnana;
- ʻōpio - 14 mau lā a ʻoi paha. Hulu holoʻokoʻa kēia manu. Hiki ke pōkole kona mau ʻeheu a me kona huelo a ʻaʻole paha ʻo ia i mākaukau i ka lele ʻana i kēia manawa, akā hiki iā ia ke hele, lele a lele. Ua haʻalele ʻo ia i ka pūnana, ʻoiai hiki i kona mau mākua ke noho ma laila e kōkua a pale aku inā pono.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā cardinals ʻulaʻula
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka cardinal ʻulaʻula
Hiki ke ʻai ʻia nā cardinal ʻulaʻula makua e nā pōpoki kūloko, nā ʻīlio kūloko, nā lawaiʻa ʻo Cooper, nā shrikes ʻākau, nā ʻāhinahina hina hina, pueo pepeiao pepeiao lōʻihi. Pilikia nā keikikāne a me nā hua i ka predation e nā nahesa, nā manu a me nā mea hānai liʻiliʻi. Hoʻopili nā mea hānai i nā moa a me nā hua i nā moʻo waiū, nāhesa ʻeleʻele, nā polū ʻulaʻula, nā ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, a me nā chipmunks oriental. Hiki i nā kino kupapaʻu ke ʻaihue i nā hua manu mai ka pūnana mai, i kekahi manawa ʻai lākou.
Ke kū pono me kahi mea ʻino ma kahi kokoke i ko lākou pūnana, e hāʻawi nā kāne a me nā wahine wahine ʻulaʻula i kahi pū waikaua, he leka pōkole ia, a lele i mua o ka mea ʻaʻa e hoʻoweliweli iā ia. Akā ʻaʻole lākou e ʻākoʻakoʻa me ka poʻe ʻaihue.
No laila, ʻo nā mea ʻaihue ʻike ʻia o nā cardinals ʻulaʻula:
- nā pōpoki kūloko (Felis silvestris);
- ʻīlio kūloko (Canis lupusiliaris);
- ʻO nā hawks a Cooper (Accipiter cooperii);
- American shrike (Lanius ludovicianus);
- shrike ʻākau (Lanius excubitor);
- Carolina squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis);
- pueo pepeiao lōʻihi (Asio otus);
- Pueo hikina (Otus Asio);
- nāhesa waiū (Lampropeltis triangulum elapsoides);
- nahesa ʻeleʻele (Coluber constrictor);
- moʻo piʻi piʻi hina (Pantherophis obsoletus);
- blue jay (Cyanocitta cristata);
- ʻalalā ʻalopeke (Sciurus niger);
- ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus);
- chipmunks hikina (Tamias striatus);
- ʻO ke kupapaʻu bipi poʻo poʻo poʻo (Molothrus ater).
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Red Cardinal
Ua māhuahua nā cardinal ulaula i nā helu a me nā pae ʻāina i nā 200 mau makahiki i hala. ʻO kēia paha ka hopena o ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka nohona ma muli o ka hana a ke kanaka. Ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, aia ma kahi o 100 miliona mau kānaka. Ma muli o kaʻai ʻana o nā cardinals ʻulaʻula i nā hua a me nā hua nui, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopuehu i nā hua o kekahi mau mea kanu. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻololi i ka hoʻohui ʻana o ke kaiāulu mea kanu ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻanoʻano.
Hāʻawi nā kāleka ʻulaʻula i ka meaʻai i kā lākou mea ʻino. Hānai lākou i kekahi manawa i nā moa o nā bipi poʻo ʻeleʻele, kahi e hoʻomāmā i ko lākou mau pūnana, e kōkua ana i nā lehulehu o nā kupapaʻu bipi poʻo poʻo. Hoʻopili pū nā cardinals ʻulaʻula i nā parasite kūloko a me waho. Hoʻopili nā kāleka ʻulaʻula i nā kānaka ma ka lūlū ʻana i nā ʻanoʻano a me ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaola e like me nā weevil, hacksaws, a me nā ʻenuhe. He poʻe mākaʻikaʻi maikaʻi lākou i kā lākou kahu hānai manu o ke kua. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole o Red Cardinals i kānaka.
Ua kūʻai ʻia nā kāleka ʻulaʻula e like me nā holoholona no kā lākou kala a me ke kani kūʻokoʻa. Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, loaʻa i nā cardinals ʻulaʻula ka palekana kū kānāwai ma lalo o ka Migratory Birds Treaty Act o 1918, ka mea pāpā hoʻi i kā lākou kūʻai aku ʻana ma ke ʻano he manu paʻa. Pale pū ʻia ia e ka Convention for the Protection of Migratory Birds ma Kanada.
Cardinal ʻulaʻula - kahi manu mele me kahi kiʻekiʻe i luna o kona poʻo a me ka nuku ʻalani-ʻulaʻula. ʻO nā Cardinals he poʻe kamaʻāina puni makahiki ma waena o kā lākou pae. ʻAʻole ʻike pinepine ʻia kēia mau manu i nā ulu lāʻau. Makemake lākou i nā wahi pā kula a me nā ululāʻau a me nā laʻalāʻau i hiki ai iā lākou ke peʻe a pūnana.
Lā o ka paʻi ʻia: Ianuali 14, 2020
Lā hou: 09/15/2019 ma 0:04
