Liona mauna - ʻoi aku ka nui o nā inoa o kēia pōpoki ma mua o nā māmele ʻē aʻe. Akā ʻo ka mea āu e kapa aku ai iā ia, ʻo kēia ka pōpoki like, Puma concolor, ka mea koho nui loa o nā ʻano pōpoki liʻiliʻi. No ke aha he nui kona mau inoa? ʻO ka mea nui no ka mea he wahi nui kona, a kāhea ka poʻe mai nā ʻāina ʻē iā ia i kā lākou ala ponoʻī.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Liona mauna
ʻO ka liona kuahiwi he pōpoki nui a momona hoʻi na ka ʻohana manu. Kapa ʻia lākou ʻo Cougars, Panthers, a me Cougars. ʻOiai he pōpoki nui nā liona mauna, ʻaʻole lākou i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka mahele "pōpoki nui". Akā, ʻo lākou kekahi o nā pōpoki nui loa ma ka mahele "pōpoki liʻiliʻi", ʻoiai e kūlike paha kekahi o lākou i ka nui o ka leopadi.
Video: Liona Kuahiwi
ʻO kekahi o nā kumu maopopo loa no ke kumu ʻaʻole e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia ʻāpi nui a ikaika me kekahi o nā pōpoki "nui" i ka honua nei no ka hiki ʻole i ka liona mauna ke ʻū. ʻO ka wāwae ikaika o nā liona mauna ka muscular ʻaʻole lākou e ʻae iā lākou e lele i luna o kā lākou mea pio a hōʻoia i ko lākou palekana, akā hiki nō hoʻi ke lele i kahi mamao loa.
ʻO kekahi o nā mea kōkua kaulana loa o ka cougar ʻo ka panther Florida, ʻo ia ka mea liʻiliʻi o nā ʻano cougar a ʻo nā mea ʻoi loa hoʻi. Manaʻo ʻia aia ma ke kaʻe o ka make, ʻoi aku ka ʻulaʻula o kēia holoholona luhi i ka hulu ma kona kua a me kahi kiko ʻeleʻele i waenakonu.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: Huikau iki ka inoa ʻepekema ʻo Puma concolor no ka mea ʻaʻole pololei loa ia. ʻO ka manaʻo o Concolor "hoʻokahi kala", akā ʻaʻole ia he ʻoiaʻiʻo maoli: ʻekahi ka waihoʻoluʻu o nā liona mauna ʻōpio, a he hui like nā aka o nā mākua, me ka malu ākea mai ka hina a ka pala.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka liona mauna
He ʻano kino like ko nā liona mauna me nā pōpoki home, aia wale nō ma ka pālākiō nui. He kino wīwī ko lākou a me nā poʻo poepoe me nā pepeiao kihi. Aia lākou ma waena o 1.5-2.7 ka m mai ke poʻo a ka hiʻu. ʻOiai hiki ke kaupaona ʻia nā kāne a i 68 kg, kaupaona ʻia nā wahine, a hiki i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 45 kg.
Kūkulu maikaʻi ʻia nā liona kuahiwi, nui nā wāwae a me nā māiʻuʻu ʻoi. ʻOi aku ka nui o ko lākou mau wāwae hope a ʻoi aku ka muscular ma mua o ko lākou mau wāwae mua, e hāʻawi ana iā lākou i ka lele lele. Hiki i nā liona mauna ke lele i 5,5 mau mika mai ka honua a hiki i nā kumulāʻau, a hiki ke lele i 6.1 mau mika i luna a i ʻole lalo o kahi puʻu, ʻo ia ke kiʻekiʻe o nā hale ʻelua papahele. Hiki i nā liona mauna ke holo wikiwiki a loaʻa iā ia kahi iwi kuahiwi e like me cheetah e kōkua iā lākou e neʻe a puni nā ālai a hoʻololi koke i ke kuhikuhi.
ʻO kaʻaʻahu o ka liona mauna kuʻikuʻi hina i ʻulaʻula iki me nā ʻāpana māmā ma ka ʻaoʻao lalo. He kiko ʻeleʻele ko ka huelo ma ka hope. Keokeo ka waha a me ka umauma, me nā māka ʻeleʻele ma ka maka, nā pepeiao a me ka wēlau o ka huelo. He mau kiko ʻeleʻele nā keiki liona mauna a kokoke i kahi o 6 mau makahiki.
ʻO Geographic a me ke kau, ʻo ke aka o nā brown mai ke hina hina a i kaʻulaʻula, a ua hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau ʻeke ʻeleʻele. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa nā lau kala i ka maka. ʻOi aku ka māmā o ka lalo ma mua o ka luna. ʻEleʻele pinepine ka huelo lōʻihi a noho mau i ka honua ke hele ka liona mauna.
ʻO ka iwi ā lalo he pōkole, hohonu a mana. Nui a lōʻihi hoʻi nā niho Carnassial. He kaumaha a paʻa hoʻi nā kini. Liʻiliʻi a pololei nā kukuna. ʻO nā liona kuahiwi he premolar liʻiliʻi hou aʻe ma kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao o ka iwi ā luna, ʻokoʻa ka lynx.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: Haʻalele nā wāwae liona mauna i nā manamana wāwaeʻehā ma ka wāwae mua a me nā manamana wāwaeʻehā ma ke kua. ʻAʻole hōʻike ʻia nā māiʻuo hiki ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia ma nā paʻi.
Ma hea ka liona mauna e noho ai?
Kiʻi: Liona mauna ʻAmelika
ʻO ka liona mauna ke manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā feline hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia, no ka mea aia lākou i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole. Eia nō naʻe, me ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā wahi noho a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana o ka ʻāina no ka mahiʻai, ke hoʻokuke ʻia nei ka liona mauna i kahi kikowaena liʻiliʻi o kona ʻāina nui o ka mōʻaukala, hoʻi i kahi ʻano mauna ʻenemi i ʻoi aku ka mamao mai nā kānaka. Aia he ʻeono ʻāpana o nā liona mauna, i puʻunaue ʻia i nā wahi e like me:
- ʻAmelika Hema a me waena;
- Mekiko;
- ʻAmelika Komohana a me ʻAkau ʻĀkau;
- Pololika.
Hele pinepine nā liona mauna e holoholo i nā wahi kahi e ʻike ʻole ʻia ai lākou, e like me nā kuahiwi pōhaku a i ʻole nā ulu lāʻau ʻeleʻele. ʻAʻole lākou e hoʻouka i ka poʻe ke ʻole lākou e ʻike i ke kihi a hoʻoweliweli ʻia paha. Hiki ke loaʻa ka hapa nui o ka liona mauna mauna ma ke komohana o Kanada, akā ua ʻike ʻia ia ma ka hema o Ontario, Quebec, a me New Brunswick. He mea nui nā liona mauna ma ke ʻano he predators mua i nā kaiaolaola a lākou e noho nei. Hāʻawi lākou i ka kaohi o ka lehulehu o nā ungulate nui.
ʻOiai he laha loa ka liona mauna mauna i nā kānaka, ua mahuahua lākou i loko o nā makahiki i hala aku nei. E like me ka nui o ka luku ʻana i nā holoholona, ʻo ka liona mauna e hoʻouka nei i ke kanaka, he holoholona wī nui ia i kipaku ʻia i loko o nā wahi i hoʻopilikia ʻia e nā kāne kāne ʻoi aku ka nui.
Akā ʻo ka hoʻouka kaua kanaka ia o nā liona mauna e hana i kahi liona mauna mauna liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka nui o ka poʻe e hoʻomaha a noho i nā wahi kaiāulu, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe paha ka likelika o ka hālāwai ʻana me kēia mau holoholona huna. Eia nō naʻe, me kekahi mau akahele, hiki i nā kānaka a me nā liona mauna ke noho pū.
I kēia manawa ʻike ʻoe i kahi e noho ai ka liona mauna. E ʻike kāua i ka ʻai a kēia pōpoki ʻāhiu.
He aha ka liona mauna e ʻai ai?
Kiʻi: Liona mauna mai ka puke Red
Ke ʻimi nei nā liona mauna i kahi ākea, a malia paha e lawe ʻia i hoʻokahi lālā o ka laha i hoʻokahi pule e holoholo ai i ka hale holoʻokoʻa. ʻAi nā liona kuahiwi i nā mea pio ʻokoʻa e pili ana i kahi a lākou e noho ai. ʻO ke kumu, e ʻai ka liona mauna i kekahi holoholona i hiki iā ia ke hopu, a like ka nui me ka elk.
ʻO kā lākou meaʻai:
- dia;
- puaʻa;
- capybaras;
- raccoons;
- armadillos;
- nā hare;
- nā polokina.
Makemake nā liona kuahiwi e alualu i nā dia, ʻoiai lākou e ʻai pū i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi e like me ka coyotes, porcupines, a me nā raccoons. Hānai maʻamau lākou i ka pō a i nā hola pouli o ka puka ʻana a me ka napoʻo ʻana o ka lā. Hoʻohana kēia mau pōpoki i kahi hui o ka stealth a me ka ikaika e alualu ai. E alualu ka liona mauna i kāna mea pio ma nā ulu lāʻau a me nā kumulāʻau a ma luna o nā pali pōhaku ma mua o ka lele ikaika ʻana i ke kua o ka mea i hōʻeha ʻia a hāʻawi i ka nahu ʻia o ka ʻāʻī o ka ʻāʻī. Hoʻololi ʻia ka iwi kuamoʻo o cougar no kēia hana pepehi kanaka.
ʻIke ʻia i ka make ʻana o kahi mea pio nui, uhi ka liona mauna iā ia me kahi laʻalāʻau a hoʻi e hānai i loko o kekahi mau lā. Hāʻawi lākou i kā lākou papaʻai me nā mea kolo nui a me nā ʻoki liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka ʻai ʻana o ka meaʻai i kēlā me kēia makahiki mai 860 a 1300 kg o nā holoholona laka nui, ma kahi o 48 ungulate no ka liona mauna i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: ʻIke maka nā liona mauna a ʻike pinepine i kā lākou mea pio ma ka nānā ʻana i kona neʻe. Hōʻalo nui kēia mau pōpoki i ke ahiahi a i ka wanaʻao.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Liona mauna i ka hoʻoilo
ʻO nā liona mauna he holoholona ʻāina, a pili ka ʻāina i ka ʻāina, nā mea kanu a me ka nui o nā mea pio. Hōʻalo nā liona mauna i nā wahi me nā wahi noho kanaka. ʻO ka helu maʻamau o nā ʻāina wahine no ka hapa o nā ʻāina kāne.
Hoʻoikaika nui nā liona mauna i ka wanaʻao a me ke ahiahi. ʻO nā liona mauna he poʻe hoʻohālua, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hilinaʻi i ka maʻalea a me ke ʻano o ke kahaha e hopu i kā lākou mea pio - ka dia a me ka ʻeleka, kekahi manawa i ka porcupine a i ʻole elk, a i kekahi manawa nā ʻano liʻiliʻi e like me raccoons. lāpaki, beaver, a iole paha.
Noho lākou i nā wahi nui oval a pōʻai paha i ke ʻano. Aia ka wahi o nā ʻāina makaʻu a me kā lākou helu i ka nui o nā mea pio, nā mea kanu a me nā ʻāina. Inā loaʻa ka hemahema o ka hana ʻana ma kekahi wahi, nui ka nui o nā panalāʻau pākahi. ʻAʻohe o lākou ana mau, akā loaʻa lākou i loko o nā ana, ma waena o nā puka pōhaku a me nā mea ulu nui. Hele nā liona mauna i ka neʻe i ke kuahiwi i ka hoʻoilo, no ka ʻimi holoholona.
ʻO nā liona kuahiwi he mau pōpoki leo e ʻike nui ʻia no kā lākou hoʻohaʻahaʻa, nā ʻū, nā purr, a me nā ʻuē. Ma muli o ko lākou mau wāwae hope nui loa i ka ʻohana o nā pōpoki, hiki i nā liona mauna ke lele kiʻekiʻe loa - a i 5.4 mau mika. Hiki ke ana ʻia i nā lele lele ākea mai 6 a 12 mau mika. He pōpoki wikiwiki loa lākou a me nā piʻi piʻi maikaʻi a ʻike i ka ʻauʻau ʻana.
Ke hilinaʻi nui nei nā liona mauna i ka ʻike maka ʻana, honi a me ka hoʻolohe ʻana. Hoʻohana lākou i kāna mau haʻahaʻa, ʻūlū, a me nā ʻūlū i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole. Hoʻohana ʻia nā leo nunui, ʻāwā e kāhea aku i ka makuahine. He mea nui ka pā i ka pilina pili ma waena o ka makuahine a me ka cub. He mea nui ka māka ʻana i ka ʻaʻala e pili ana i ka hoʻokohu ʻāina a me ke olakino hānau.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Liona mauna i ke kūlohelohe
ʻAʻole e moe ka liona mauna i ka nāhelehele a hiki i kona hoʻokumu ʻana i ka ʻāina. Hoʻomaka ka liona mauna e hānai a puni nā makahiki o 3. E like me nā felines ʻē aʻe, hānau makapō ʻia nā liona mauna mauna a nele i ka mea ʻole no nā pule ʻelua ʻelua o ke ola, a hiki i ka wā e hāmama pono ai nā maka polū.
Ua ukuhi ʻia nā pahu lāʻau mai ko lākou makuahine i 2-3 mau mahina. He mau kiko ko nā liona kuahiwi hānau hou e kōkua iā lākou e kāwili pū me ka mauʻu a me ka mālamalama o ka lā. Lilo nō hoʻi ko lākou mau maka mai ka uliuli a i ka melemele i ka manawa he 16 mau makahiki ko lākou.
Ma nā mahina 18, haʻalele nā pōpoki ʻōpio i ko lākou makuahine e mālama iā lākou iho. Hānai ka makuahine iā lākou ma kahi o 3 mau mahina, akā hoʻomaka lākou e ʻai i ka ʻiʻo ma kahi o 6 mau pule. Ma nā mahina 6, hoʻomaka ke nalo o kā lākou mau kiko a aʻo ʻia lākou e alualu. Noho nā Cubs me ko lākou makuahine a hiki i ka 12-18 mau mahina.
ʻOi aku ka ʻino o nā keiki liona mauna ma mua o nā keiki a me nā keiki keiki a nā pōpoki ʻē aʻe he nui - ʻaʻole lākou i aloha ʻia mai ka hānau ʻana mai, a ʻo nā hoʻāʻo ʻana e hoʻāloha me nā liona kuahiwi me he mea lā ua kūleʻa ʻole. ʻO nā liona mauna he holoholona hihiu i kahi ʻano ʻē, a ʻaʻole lākou e mālama ʻia i kekahi kekelē.
Hāpai nā liona mauna i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa, akā ʻo ka wā hānau ma waena o Kekemapa a me Malaki. Hānau pinepine nā liona kuahiwi wahine i kēlā me kēia mau makahiki ʻelua. I ka nahelehele, hiki i kahi liona mauna ke ola i 10 mau makahiki. I ke pio ʻana, hiki iā lākou ke ola a 21 mau makahiki.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o nā liona mauna
Kiʻi: Liona mauna ma ʻAmelika
No ka hapa nui, ʻaʻohe ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka liona mauna a aia ma ka piko o ke kaulahao meaʻai. Eia naʻe, hoʻokūkū lākou i kekahi manawa me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe e like me nā bea a me nā ʻīlio hae no ka meaʻai. He hoʻoweliweli maoli nā Wolves i nā liona kuahiwi, pololei a pololei ʻole paha. ʻAʻohe ʻai nui nā Wolves i nā keiki i luku ʻia, kahi e hōʻike nei pepehi lākou no ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka hoʻokūkū. A ʻoiai ʻaʻole luku nā ʻīlio hae i nā liona kuahiwi makua, ua alualu paha lākou iā lākou i kēlā me kēia manawa kūpono.
ʻO ka hoʻoweliweli nui loa i ka liona mauna ka nalowale o ka nohona. I ke komo hohonu ʻana o kānaka i loko o kona wahi noho, ʻaʻole wale no ka hoʻoulu hale ʻana a me nā holoholona, akā no nā hana leʻaleʻa hoʻi, hakakā nā liona mauna e hana i nā wahi hahai holoholona me ka makaʻu ʻole i ka lele ʻana i loko o nā kānaka. ʻO ia ka manawa e lilo ai kēia predator i waiwai pio no ka hopu holoholona, ka pale ʻana o nā holoholona a me ka palekana o nā holoholona, a i kekahi manawa nā keiki.
ʻO ke kumu nui o ka make ʻana o nā liona mauna ke ʻimi holoholona ʻana, a aneane hapalua o ka make ʻana o nā mākua. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ke kau holoholona liona mauna mauna i ka makahiki 2005 ma ke ʻano he "wā hoʻokolohua" a ke hoʻomau nei kēia manawa e hoʻohana ʻia me he mea hana e hoʻokele i nā liona mauna mauna i ka pae i makemake ʻia.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka liona mauna
I kēia manawa, ʻike ʻia nā liona mauna ma ke komohana o 100 ° longitude komohana (ma kahi o ke kaona ʻo Texas a Saskatchewan), koe wale nō ma ka hema o Texas. Ua nele ka ʻike ma ʻAmelika Waena a me ʻAmelika Hema, ʻoiai ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo nā wahi kūpono loa no nā liona mauna e noho ʻia ma laila.
ʻOiai ʻaʻohe helu kūpono no ka heluna liona mauna mauna o ka honua, ua manaʻo ʻia aia ma kahi o 30,000 mau kānaka ma ke Komohana ʻAmelika. Hiki i nā aniani ke piʻi mai 1-7 liona mauna no 100 km2, me nā kāne e hāpai ana i nā wahine he nui i loko o ko lākou home pae.
I kēia lā, ua hoʻāla hou nā heluna kao huelo keʻokeʻo i ka hapa nui o ka cougar mua, a ua piʻi hou kekahi mau holoholona i nā moku hikina e like me Missouri a me Arkansas. Manaʻo kekahi poʻe biologists hiki i kēia mau pōpoki nui ke hoʻopau hou i ka hapa nui o ko lākou Midwest a me ka Hikina - inā e ʻae nā kānaka iā lākou. I ka hapa nui o nā mokuʻāina komohana US a me nā panalāʻau ʻo Kanada, manaʻo ʻia ka heluna kanaka hiki ke ʻae i ka ʻimi holoholona.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā liona mauna me he mea lā hoʻoweliweli. ʻO ka heluna nui o nā liona mauna ma lalo o 50,000 a hoʻomau i ka emi. ʻAʻohe a lākou mea hoʻoweliweli ʻē aʻe mai nā holoholona ʻē aʻe ma mua o nā kānaka, ʻoiai lākou e launa pū me nā mea ʻino nui ʻē aʻe e like me ka bear brown a me ka wolf hina, kahi a lākou e hakakā ai no ka mea pio. Ke piʻi ka nui o nā liona mauna a me nā jaguars, e ʻoi aku ka nui o nā jaguars, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka liona mauna.
Kiaʻi liona mauna
Kiʻi: Liona mauna mai ka puke Red
ʻO ka mālama ʻana o ka liona mauna mauna kaukaʻi ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i kahi nui o nā wahi noho. Pono ka liona kuahiwi ma kahi o 13 mau manawa ma mua o ka bea ʻeleʻele, a i ʻole 40 mau manawa ma mua o kahi iʻa. Ma ka mālama pono ʻana i nā holoholona laka e mālama i ka heluna paʻa o nā liona mauna, nā mea kanu a me nā ʻano holoholona ʻē aʻe he nui i kaʻana like i ko lākou nohona pono.
Ua lilo ka ikaika a me ka ʻaihue o ka liona mauna i ke ʻano o ka holoholona hihiu a no laila ua loaʻa i kēia pōpoki kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi i ka mālama ʻana a me ka hoʻāʻo hou ʻana. ʻO kahi laʻana, hoʻolālā ʻia nā alaloa noho ma waena o nā wahi kūlohelohe nui i mea e pōmaikaʻi ai i nā mea kūhaka nui e like me ka liona kiwi. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi ʻana hiki i ka lūlū ʻana i nā liona mauna ke ʻimi maʻalahi a hoʻohana i nā alaloa noho, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka nānā lekiō ʻana o kēia mau mea nui nui e ʻike i nā wahi kūpono no ka mālama ʻana ma ke ʻano he mau alaloa.
ʻO ka cougar hikina, kahi ʻāpana o ka liona kuahiwi, i hōʻike kūwaha ʻia e ka US Wildlife Service ma 2011, ʻoiai ua hōʻoia ʻia e hele ana kekahi poʻe o ka heluna komohana i ke kai hikina. ʻO Florida panther, kekahi ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o nā liona mauna o US, i helu ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻano ʻane make. Ma lalo o 160 mau panther Florida i koe i ka nahelehele.
Mai ka makahiki 1996, ua kapu ka ʻimi holoholona liona mauna ma Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe he nui. Alualu pinepine ʻia lākou i nā ʻālio a hiki i ka "mālama" ʻana o ka holoholona. Ke hōʻea ka mea ʻimi holoholona i kahi e hōʻike ai, pana ʻo ia i ka pōpoki mai kahi kumu lāʻau mai kahi kokoke.
Liona mauna ʻO ia ka pōpoki hihiu nui loa a mana loa hoʻi. ʻOiai ko lākou nui a me ko lākou alo i ka hapa nui o ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ka ʻāina, ʻike iki ʻole ʻia kēia mau pōpoki e nā kānaka. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, "hilahila" lākou, nā mea mehameha e noho wale i ka hapa nui o ko lākou ola. Pono nā liona kuahiwi i nā wahi nui e pale ai mai nā liona kuahiwi ʻē aʻe.
Lā paʻi: 02.11.2019
Lā hou: 11.11.2019 ma 12:02
