Mele herona - kekahi o nā lunamakaʻāinana maʻamau o ka honu. Noho nui ia ma ka ʻāina ʻo Belarus ma nā wahi pohopoho. He manu nui a nani loa kēia. Ma waho o Belarus, hiki ke loaʻa ma nā wahi o Eurasia a ma ʻApelika hoʻi. ʻO ka inoa o nā laha i ka unuhi ʻana i Lūkini he "manu lehu".
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: hina heron
ʻO ka hina heron kahi lunamakaʻāinana o nā chordates, no ka papa o nā manu, ke kauoha o nā stiger, ka ʻohana herona, ka heron genus, ka species herons herons. I ka wā kahiko, a hiki i ka waena o ke kenekulia 19, manaʻo ʻia ka manu he mea hōʻino, lawe mai i ka pōʻino. Luku mau ʻia kona pūnana, a nui nā kānaka makua i make.
Manaʻo nā kānaka o kahi ʻohana hanohano i ke alualu ʻana i ka falconry no ka hina herona i kahi leʻaleʻa leʻaleʻa. ʻOiai ua kaulana ʻia ʻaʻole hoʻohana ʻia kāna ʻiʻo no ka meaʻai no ka mea ʻaʻole ona ʻano ʻono kiʻekiʻe loa. Ma ke ʻano he hopena o ia ʻano hana kanaka, ua lilo nā wahi he nui o ʻEulopa, i aloha mua ʻia e nā herona, i kēia lunamakaʻāinana nani o flora a me nā holoholona.
Video: Gray Heron
Nui nā mea pena ʻo Renaissance i mahalo i ka nani kūlohelohe o kēia manu lokomaikaʻi a hōʻike pinepine ʻia iā ia i kā lākou mau canvases. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kāna kiʻi i kekahi mau ola mau ma ke ʻano he pahu hopu holoholona. ʻO ke kiʻi o kēia lunamakaʻāinana o nā manu i nā hana noʻeau Kina. Ma kekahi mau mea hoʻomanaʻo, ua hōʻike ʻia nā mea pena kiʻi Kina i kēia manu me ka lotus ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona o ke kūleʻa, hauʻoli a me ke olakino.
Ma lalo o ka mana o nā kiʻi moʻomeheu Kina, kahi i hōʻike pinepine ʻia ai ka herona, ua lilo kona kiʻi i mea makemake nui ʻia ma waena o ʻEulopa, a me nā ʻāina he nui ma ʻAsia.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka herona hina
ʻO ka herona hina e pili ana i nā manu nui a nani loa, a me nā manu hanohano. ʻO 75-100 kenimika kona kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ke kaumaha o ke kino o ke kanaka makua hoʻokahi 2 kilokika. ʻAʻole haʻi ʻia ka dimorphism moekolohe. He kaumaha ko ke kino o nā wahine. ʻO ka herona hina ka mea nona kahi kino nui, nunui a lōʻihi. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o nā manu he ʻāʻī lōʻihi, lahilahi a lokomaikaʻi hoʻi. I ka lele ʻana, ʻaʻole like ka herona, ʻokoʻa i nā ʻano kikū, mai huki i mua, akā pelu iā ia i kau pono ke poʻo i ke kino.
Loaʻa nā lālā lōʻihi a wīwī hoʻi nā manu. Hinahina lākou. ʻO nā lālā he ʻehā manamana: kuhikuhi ʻekolu mau manamana i mua, hoʻokahi hoʻi i hope. Loaʻa nā māiʻu lōʻihi o nā manamana lima. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kui ma ka manamana waena, no ka mea, he kuleana nui ia i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā kaʻina hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā pauka mai nā hulu haʻihaʻi ma ke kino o ka manu, kahi e hoʻokumu ʻia ai kahi mea kūikawā, kahi e pale ai i ka hulu mai ka pili pū ʻana mai ka hua o ka iʻa i ʻai ʻia. ʻO ka māiʻuʻu lōʻihi loa e kōkua i nā manu e hoʻoheheʻe i ka hulu me kēia pauka.
He ʻeheu lōʻihi a poepoe ko ka herona hina. ʻO ka ʻēheu ma kahi o ʻelua mau mika. Kūpono kēia kinona a me ka nui o ka ʻēheu no nā lele lōʻihi ma kahi mamao. Hāʻawi ʻia ka manu e ke kūlohelohe me kahi nuku ʻoiʻoi, lōʻihi a ikaika loa. Kōkua ʻo ia iā ia e kiʻi i kāna meaʻai a pale iā ia iho i nā ʻenemi. Me kēlā nuku, hiki iā ia ke pepehi i nā rodents i ka nui o kahi lāpaki liʻiliʻi. Hiki i ka lōʻihi o ka nuku i 15-17 kenimika i kekahi mau kānaka. Hiki i nā nuku ke waiho i nā kala like ʻole: mai ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka hulu melemele a i ka brown brown.
Lohe ka plumage a i ka manawa like ʻeleʻele. ʻO ke kala kala e hoʻomalu ʻia e ka hina, keʻokeʻo, nā ʻano like ʻole o ka lehu. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ke kino ʻeleʻele i ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa. Hoʻonani pinepine ʻia ka pūniu o ka herona hina me ka hulu o nā hulu ʻeleʻele a lōʻihi.
Ma hea e noho ai ka ʻalona hina?
Kiʻi: Gray Heron ma Lūkia
Nui loa ka nohona o ka manu. Nānā ʻole i ka ʻāina, noho mau ʻo ia ma kahi o nā kino wai. ʻO ka ʻāpana āpau o ka nohona manu ma kahi o 63 miliona mau kilomika kuea. Hoʻolahalaha ʻia nā manu ma ka hapanui o ʻEulopa, ʻAsia a ma kekahi mau ʻāpana o ka moku ʻApelika. Ma Eurasia, aia nā herons ma nā wahi āpau, a hiki i ka taiga hina. ʻO nā mea koe ka wao nahele a me nā wahi me nā kuahiwi kiʻekiʻe.
Nā ʻĀina ʻāina o ka herona hina:
- ke kai Kaiwaenahonua;
- Hikina Hema Asia;
- nā mokupuni ʻo Sunda nui;
- Belarusa;
- Maladiwa;
- Sililanaka;
- Makakakeka;
- ʻāpana ʻokoʻa o Rūsia.
ʻIke ʻia nā herona hina ma nā wahi mauna i nā wahi kahi i ʻoi aku ai ke kiʻekiʻe o nā kuahiwi ma mua o 1000 mika ma luna o ka ʻilikai. Noho mau nā manu ma kahi o nā kino wai hou, i ka wai pāpaʻu e loaʻa ai kā lākou meaʻai. Noho ʻo Herona i nā pūnana a lākou e hana ai ma kā lākou iho ma hope o ka pālua ʻana. Hoʻopili ka hapa nui o ko lākou ola i kēia mau pūnana, ʻoiai kēlā mau heluna kanaka e neʻe e hoʻi hou i ko lākou mau home.
Hele nā manu e noho ana i nā anuanu anuanu me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke anuanu i nā ʻāina mehana. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pūnāwai, hoʻi lākou i ko lākou ʻāina home.
I kēia manawa ʻike ʻoe i kahi i loaʻa ai ka herona hina. E ʻike kāua i ka manu e ʻai ai.
He aha ka mea e ʻai ai ka herona hina?
Kiʻi: Manu herona hina
ʻO ka iʻa kumu waiwai nui. I ka wā ma mua, manaʻo ʻia he hoʻopau nā manu i ka flora a me nā holoholona o nā waihona wai, e ʻai nei i ka nui o nā iʻa. Ma kēia mea, luku ʻia lākou i ka nui. Eia nō naʻe, i kēia lā ua hōʻoia ʻia nā herons, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, he pōmaikaʻi, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā waihona iʻa i loaʻa i nā parasites.
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia kēlā me kēia kanaka i ke kaʻina o ke ola e hoʻomohala i kāna hana ponoʻī no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai. ʻO ka pinepine, hele lākou i loko o ka wai a, kū i hoʻokahi wāwae, neʻe ʻole me ke neʻe ʻole no ka manawa kūpono e hopu ai i ka meaʻai. Hoʻolahalaha kekahi poʻe i ko lākou mau ʻeheu, no laila e malu ai i ke kino o ka wai a nānā pono i nā mea e hana nei ma lalo o ko lākou mau wāwae. ʻAi i nā manu e holoholo wale ma kahakai a nānā i kā lākou mea pio.
Ke ʻike ka manu i kāna mea pio, hoʻolōʻihi ia i kona ʻāʻī me ka wikiwiki o ka uila a lālau i ke kino me kona nuku. A laila, me ka hoʻolei koke, hoʻolei ʻo ia iā ia a ale iā ia. Inā nui ka mea pio, a laila hoʻokaʻawale ka heron iā ia i mau ʻāpana. Kōkua kahi nuku ikaika iā ia i kēia, ka mea e haki maʻalahi i nā iwi a haki i nā mea pio.
Ke kumu meaʻai o ka herona hina:
- pūpū;
- crustaceans;
- nā ʻano iʻa like ʻole;
- poʻe amphibians;
- wai hou;
- nā mea kolo nui;
- ʻiole;
- ʻiole wai;
- holoholona liʻiliʻi;
- mole.
Hiki i nā herons ke ʻaihue i ka meaʻai mai nā holoholona ʻē aʻe. Inā kū kokoke kahi noho kanaka, hiki paha iā lākou ke hānai i nā ʻōpala o nā meaʻai a i ʻole nā huahana o ka ʻoihana mahi iʻa.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Gray heron i ka lele ʻana
Kaukaʻi ʻia i nā kūlana aniau, ke alakaʻi nei ka herona hina i kahi nohona a noho paha. ʻO nā manu e noho ana i ka panalāʻau o ka Lūkia Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻo Belarus, lele lele mau i nā ʻāina mehana me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kau anuanu mua o ke kauwela. Loaʻa kēia i ka hiki ʻole i ka manu ke hāʻawi iā ia iho me ka meaʻai i nā kūlana o ka hoʻoilo koʻikoʻi.
Hele nā manu i nā hui liʻiliʻi. I nā hoʻokoe kākaʻikahi, ʻoi aku ka nui o kēia mau hipa i ʻelua haneli mau kānaka. Ma ke ala, ʻaʻole loaʻa ʻokoʻa nā poʻe mehameha. I ka wā o ka lele, lele lākou i kahi kiʻekiʻe ma ke ao a me ka pō.
Ke noho nei i ko lākou panalāʻau maʻamau, noho lākou i nā hui, pūnana i nā kolone ʻokoʻa, e hana ana i mau pūnana he mau kakini ma kahi wahi liʻiliʻi. Mālama nā manu e hana i nā kolone me nā ʻano ʻe aʻe, a me nā ʻano manu ʻē aʻe - kūkae, ibises.
ʻAʻole ʻeleu ka heron hina i kahi manawa i wehewehe pono ʻia o ka lā. Hiki iā lākou ke hana nui i ke ao a me ka pō. ʻO ka hapanui o ka manawa ala lākou a ʻimi holoholona. Hoʻolālā nui lākou i ka manawa no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kā lākou plumage.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: heron hina hina nui
Hiki i nā manu ke oʻo makua i ka makahiki 1-2. He manu mogogamous ia ma ke ʻano.
ʻIke hoihoi: I ke kau moʻo ʻana, loaʻa i ka nuku a me nā ʻāpana āpau o ke kino i uhi ʻole ʻia me ka hulu i ʻalani a ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula hoʻi. ʻO kēia ʻano ke ʻano o nā kāne a me nā wahine.
I kēlā mau wahi kahi anuanu ke aniau, a neʻe nā manu i nā ʻāina mehana no ka hoʻoilo, kūkulu lākou i nā pūnana ma hope koke o ka hoʻi ʻana i ko lākou homeland - i ka hopena o Malaki, i ka mua o ʻApelila. I nā ʻāina mehana, kahi e pono ʻole ai ka neʻe ʻana o nā manu, ʻaʻohe mākaʻi i haʻi ʻia a me nā kau.
Hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana o ka pūnana me kahi kāne kāne. A laila kāhea ʻo ia i ka wahine no ke kōkua: hohola ʻo ia i kona mau ʻeheu, hoʻolei i kona poʻo i kona kua a kani ke kani. Ke hoʻokokoke aku nei kahi wahine iā ia, kipaku ʻo ia iā ia. Hoʻomaʻa hou ʻia kēia hana i nā manawa he nui. Ke ʻae a ke kāne i ka wahine, hana ʻia he pālua, kahi e hoʻopau pū ai i ka pūnana. Noho pinepine ʻia ia i nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe, he kiʻekiʻena 50-70 kenimika, ke anawaena o 60-80 kenimika. Pili paʻa nā manu i kā lākou punana a hoʻohana ia no nā makahiki inā hiki.
Hoʻomoe kēlā me kēia wahine i 1 i 8 mau hua. ʻO ka pinepine, aia he 4-5 o lākou. Kuhi ʻia lākou i nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua a ʻōmaʻomaʻo keʻokeʻo me keʻokeʻo. Ma hope o ka hoʻomoe ʻana i nā hua, hoʻoulu pū nā manu i nā lā he 26-27. Hānau hānau ʻole ʻia ʻo Chicks. Hoʻomaka ka ulu ʻana o nā hulu mai ka pule ʻelua o ko lākou ola. Hānai ʻē aʻe nā mākua i nā moa me nā meaʻai, a regurgulate lākou mai ko lākou ʻōpū ponoʻī. Hana ʻia ka hānai ʻekolu mau manawa i ka lā. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻai a kekahi mau moa. I kēia hihia, ʻo nā moa ikaika a ʻoi aku ka nui e lawe i ka meaʻai mai ka nāwaliwali, a ʻo ka mea nāwaliwali i kēia hihia e make pinepine.
I ka makahiki o ʻekolu mau mahina, hoʻomaka ka moa e hoʻomākaukau no kahi ola kūʻokoʻa. Aʻo lākou e lele a ʻai i ka meaʻai a nā mākua. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke ola o kahi manu ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi he 17-20 mau makahiki.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā herona hina
Kiʻi: Gray heron i ke kūlohelohe
ʻO ka herona hina kahi manu nui nui i hāʻawi ʻia i ka nuku ʻoi loa a ikaika loa. I kēia pili, hiki iā ia ke pale iā ia iho i nā ʻenemi he nui. Eia nō naʻe, lilo ia i waiwai pio o nā mea ʻaihue nui a ʻoi aku ka ikaika.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o ka heron hina:
- ʻalopeke
- ʻīlio hae;
- ʻīlio lākihi;
- wai a me nāʻiole amphibian;
- manu ʻaʻano predatory o nā manu;
- ʻaumakua;
- murie
ʻAʻole wale nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe i nā mākua, akā hōʻino pū i nā pūnana, ʻai i nā moa a me nā hua manu. Hiki ke maʻalahi ʻia ka herona i nā maʻi like ʻole, ʻoi loa nā parasites. Mālama ʻia kēia e ka nohona a me ke ʻano o ka papaʻai. ʻO ka kumu meaʻai nui ka iʻa a me nā crustacean. ʻO lākou nā halihali o kahi nui o nā parasites. Ma ka ʻai ʻana iā lākou, lilo ka herona i mea hoʻokipa waena no ka nui o nā parasite.
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka emi ʻana o nā helu e ka helu haʻahaʻa ola o nā moa i ka makahiki mua. ʻO 35% wale nō ia. Mai ka makahiki ʻelua, hoʻomaka ka emi haʻahaʻa o ka make ʻana o nā manu. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā kānaka i waena o nā ʻenemi nui a koʻikoʻi o ka herona hina. ʻO kāna hana e alakaʻi ai i ka haumia o ka nohona kūlohelohe, ma muli o ka hopena o ka make ʻana o ka manu. Hoʻohaumia nā pesticides i nā poho wai a me nā wahi wai kokoke i kahi e ola ai ia.
ʻO kekahi kumu o ka emi ʻana o ka nui o nā manu ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā kūlana anilā. ʻO ke anuanu, hoʻolōʻihi lōʻihi me ka hau a me nā ua nui e hoʻolōʻihi pū kekahi i ka make ʻana o nā manu, kahi kūpono ʻole loa no ke ola i loko o ia ʻano.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka herona hina
Nui ka heluna kanaka ma kahi o nā wahi āpau o kona wahi noho. Maʻa mau ka manu i nā wahi like ʻole o ka honua. Wahi a ka International Association for the Conservation of Animals, ʻaʻole nui ka hopohopo i ka helu o ka herona hina. I ka makahiki 2005, mai ka 750,000 a i ka 3,500,000 mau kānaka ka helu o kēia manu. Noho ka lehulehu o nā lehulehu i Russia, Belarus, Kina a me Iapana.
E like me ka 2005, ma kahi o 155 - 185 tausani mau pālua o kēia mau manu i noho i nā ʻāina ʻEulopa. Ma Central Europe, ʻo ka heron hina ka mea manu nui wale i koe. I ka manawa like, aia ma kahi o 30-70 tausani mau pālua ma ka palena o ka Russian Federation. Ua hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe Zoologists i ka likelika i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o ka heluna kanaka ma ka ʻāina o kēia ʻāina. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi mau ʻāpana o Rūsia, ua hoʻemi nui ʻia ka helu o kēia lunamakaʻāinana o nā stiger. ʻO kēia mau ʻāpana me Yakutia, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk Teritori, Kemerovo, Tomsk, Nizhny Novgorod ʻāpana.
ʻIke nui ka manu i ka maʻemaʻe o ka nohona kaiaola, a no laila he hopena maikaʻi ʻole kēia i kāna helu ma kekahi mau wahi. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā nui o nā pesticides e nā kānaka i alakaʻi i ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka nui o nā manu e kokoke ana i nā wahi ʻoihana a me nā mahiʻai kahi e maʻa mau ai ka hoʻohana ʻana o kēia mau kemika. Hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻole ka hoʻoneoneo i ka helu o nā manu.
Mele herona - kekahi o nā manu nani loa. Ua lilo ʻo ia i hōʻailona o nā wahi he nui a hōʻike pinepine ʻia i nā ʻano like ʻole o nā hōʻailona aupuni. ʻAno ʻoluʻolu nā manu i ka panalāʻau o nā pāka a me nā mālama ʻāina, kahi e noho nui ai lākou.
Lā paʻi: 07/29/2019
Lā hou: 03/23/2020 ma 11:15 PM
