Kapa ʻia ka nananana lio he hana mana o ke ʻano, he ʻano kūikawā o ka arthropod. Ma waena o nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe o kēia ʻano pepelu, kū ʻo ia i kona hiki ke lele a ʻo ia ka mea nona ka ʻike maikaʻi loa. He nui nā kānaka noiʻi e ʻōlelo he akamai kāna. Lio kolo kolo He inoa e hui pū i kahi hui o nā kolo āpau. Aia ma mua o ʻeono haneli ʻano o lākou. ʻO nā lunamaka'āinana o kēia laha e maʻa mau i nā wahi like ʻole o ka honua. Makemake ka hapa nui o lākou i nā ʻāina mehana me nā aniau tropical.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Punawelewele noho lio
ʻO nā kolo kolo lele nā lunamakaainana o nā arachnids arthropods, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ke kauoha o nā nananana, ka ʻohana o nā kolo kolo lele. ʻO nā spider o kēia ʻano he ʻelele o flora a me nā holoholona i loaʻa kokoke i nā wahi āpau. Ua ʻike ʻia kekahi o nā mea kōkua i ka makahiki 1975 a hiki i ka piko o Everest, ma kahi kiʻekiʻena o 6500 mika ma luna aʻe o kaʻilikai.
ʻO ka mōʻaukala o ka noho ʻana o nā nananana i ʻoi aku ma mua o 200 miliona mau makahiki. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ke au kikoʻī o nā helehelena o nā spider ma muli o ka mea i loaʻa me nā koena o nā nananana kahiko he mea laha ʻole, ʻoiai e pala koke ana ko lākou kino. Ua ʻepekema nā ʻepekema e loaʻa i kekahi mau mea nui i loaʻa i ka amber. Ua loaʻa kekahi mau ʻāpana kino ʻē aʻe o nā arachnids kahiko i ka kēpau paʻa. Ua like lākou me nā mea kolo liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kino ma mua o 0.5 kenimika.
Video: Punawelewele ka lio
ʻAʻohe o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka cephalothorax a me ka ʻōpū. He huelo kā ka nananana kahiko i hoʻolālā ʻia e ulana i nā pūnaewele. Ma kahi o nā cobwebs, ua hana lākou i kahi ʻano wīwī, pipili. Ua hoʻohana nā punawelewele iā lākou e wahī i kahi cocoon, laina i ko lākou lua, a i ʻole no nā kumu ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻohe o nā kūpuna kahiko o nā punawelewele o kēia manawa i nā glands e hoʻoulu ai i kahi huna ʻona.
Aia kekahi mana i hōʻike ʻia nā ʻanalā kūpuna ma Gondwana. A laila pālahalaha koke lākou ma kahi o ka honua holoʻokoʻa. ʻO nā makahiki hau i hiki mai ka wā i hōʻemi ai i kahi e noho ai nā nananana, a me lākou i make ai nā ʻano he nui o nā arthropods kahiko. ʻO ka manawa o ka punawelewele e ulu wikiwiki, hoʻololi a hoʻokaʻawale i ʻano laha.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: Lio kolo keleʻele
Hoʻohanohano ʻia ka nananana lio e ka maka ʻoi loa o ka maka, kahi e koi ʻia ai no ka huli kūleʻa ʻana. Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻōpū o ka hihi e nā maka i ka nui o ʻewalu mau ʻāpana. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia lākou i ʻekolu lālani. Aia nā maka nunui ʻehā ma ka laina mua.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: hiki i nā ʻaoʻao mua o ka hihiʻo ke huli i luna a i lalo, a me nā ʻaoʻao ʻokoʻa. Me ke kōkua o ia mau maka e neʻe nei, ʻike nā spider i nā kinona, nā silhouette, a me nā kala kekahi.
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka lālani ʻelua o nā ʻōnaehana ʻike e nā maka liʻiliʻi ʻelua. ʻO nā lālani ʻekolu he mau maka nui aʻe, aia ma nā ʻaoʻao a ʻelua o ka māhele poʻo. Hāʻawi kēia ʻōnaehana o ka ʻōnaehana ʻike iā ʻoe e loiloi i ke kūlana i nā kekelē 360 piha. ʻO kēia ala, hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻalo maʻalahi i ka hālāwai ʻana me ka ʻenemi. Kōkua ka maka maka i ka ʻimi holoholona maikaʻi. Ke moe pū nei hoʻi nā mea ʻano ʻē o ka ʻōnaehana ʻike i nā mea punawelewele ke ʻike ʻokoʻa i nā ʻōpala a hoʻohui i nā mea āpau i hoʻokahi kiʻi. He ʻano ʻokoʻa kā ka retina o nā maka e ʻae ai iā ʻoe e hoʻoholo pono i ka mamao i ka mea i makemake ʻia, mea.
He ʻokoʻa nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻōnaehana hanu. Loaʻa iā ia nā mumū kūikawā a me ka trachea. ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kino o ka lio i ka nui o ke kālā ʻelima-kopeck. ʻO ka awelika o ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 5-7 millimeter. Kuhi ʻia ka dimorphism moekolohe - nui aku ka nui o nā kino o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka cephalothorax a me ka ʻōpū e kahi auwana lahilahi. ʻO nā ʻano lio o nā lio he ʻano like ʻole a me ke kala e like me ka nohona. E like paha kekahi ʻano me nā moʻo huelo ʻawa, nā popo, a i nā nalo nalo paha. ʻOi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ke poʻo o ke kino, hāpai ʻia ia ma luna o ka ʻōpū.
I kēia manawa maopopo iā ʻoe inā paha ʻawahia ka nananana lio ʻaʻole paha. E nānā kāua i kona wahi e noho ai.
Ma hea e noho ai ka nananana lio?
Kiʻi: Punipuni lio ma Rūsia
Noho nā ʻanalā ma kahi o nā wahi āpau. Hiki iā lākou ke huakaʻi i nā mea kanu, nā paia, ka lepo, nā kumulāʻau, nāhelehele, i nā kihi o nā hale like ʻole, a pēlā aku. Aia ka wahi i ka laha. Hiki i nā spider lio ke noho i nā ʻāina me ke aniau wela, e ʻoluʻolu a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi i nā wao akua, a me nā wao akua, a i ʻole ma nā kuahiwi. Hāʻawi ʻia ka makemake i nā wahi me kahi aniau mehana, aloha lākou i ka lā.
Nā ʻāpana ʻāina o ka nohona o ka lio pac:
- Kuilana;
- Nūkini Hou;
- ʻAmelike ʻĀkau;
- N.S.W;
- ʻApelika
- Nuhōlani.
ʻO ka nohona o ka nananana lio a me kona ʻano ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa loa no nā lunamakaʻāinana o nā mea like ʻole o kēia ʻano. Mālama kekahi o lākou i ka ulana pūnaewele ʻana a hoʻolilo ka hapa nui o ko lākou manawa ma luna o ia mea, hoʻomalu nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i nā pūnana silika a lākou e hoʻolako ai i nā kihi i nā wahi kaʻawale, a ʻo kekahi poʻe e noho maluhia wale nō ma ka ʻili o ka honua, a i ʻole nā ʻano mea ulu. ʻO ka mea kupaianaha, unpretentious loa nā kolo i ke koho ʻana i nā kūlana nohona. Maʻalahi lākou e ʻike i nā kiʻekiʻe ma nā kuahiwi a i ʻole nā ʻāina pōhaku.
He aha ka ʻai a kahi nananana?
Kiʻi: Lio kolo ʻulaʻula
Hāʻawi kahi ʻōnaehana ʻike maikaʻi hoʻomohala i nā spider e kiʻi i kā lākou meaʻai. Ke kū mai kahi mea i loaʻa, huli koke ka nananana i kāna ala. ʻAʻole loiloi wale nā lio i kā lākou mea pio, akā hoʻoholo pū kekahi i ka mamao e hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou i ka pololei e like me ka hiki. Ma hope o kēlā, lele ka mauna i kahi lele inā hiki i ka mea i hōʻeha ʻia i loko. I kēia hihia, hoʻohana ʻia nā paʻa mua o nā lālā e hopu a hoʻoponopono i ka mea i hōʻino ʻia. Hoʻopili ʻo Arthropods i ka pale pale chitinous o nā ʻeneka me chelicerae a hoʻokomo i ka lāʻau make i loko. ʻAʻole ia e hoʻoneʻe a hōʻino wale wale i ka mea i hōʻeha ʻia, akā hoʻohele hapa pū kekahi i nā ʻoko o ka pepelu i hopu ʻia, a hoʻolilo iā lākou i hoʻokahi wai waiwai mau. Inu nā lio i kēia mea me ka leʻaleʻa, waiho wale i kahi pūpū chitinous.
He aha ka lawelawe ʻana i kahua ʻai no ka punawelewele.
- lalo nā spider i ka nui a me ka dexterity;
- lele;
- ʻōpala;
- makika;
- ʻenuhe.
Hiki i nā punawelewele ke hopu i kā lākou meaʻai kūpono me ke kōkua o kahi ʻupena hei i ulana ʻia e lākou. Hoʻopuehu lākou i kā lākou mau pūnaewele i nā lālā lāʻau, nā lau o ka mauʻu, nā lālā ulu. Loaʻa i nā spider kahi hanana lālā kūikawā. He mau hulu liʻiliʻi ko lākou a me nā marigold liʻiliʻi e ʻae iā ʻoe e neʻe i kēlā me kēia ʻilikai, me ke aniani pālahalaha a me ka laumania.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Punawelewele noho lio
ʻO nā lele punawelewele wale nō ke manaʻo ʻia he mau arthropods wale nō ke ao, ʻoiai ia i ke ao e hana nui lākou a ʻimi ʻimi. Aloha lākou i ka lā a me ka mahanahana. Kū pinepine kēia mau mea kolo e bask i nā wahi ākea a me nā lā. ʻAʻole makaʻu kēia mau kolo i ka poʻe, hiki iā lākou ke noho ma kahi kokoke iā lākou. Ke ʻike nei i kahi kāne, ʻaʻole wikiwiki ka lio e peʻe, a ʻimi i kahi e hoʻomaha ai. Nānā ʻo ia iā ia me ka hoihoi. ʻO ka inoa pinepine kēia ʻano arthropod i kapa ʻia he orderlies. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka hōʻike ʻana i nā wahi hou, ʻaʻole i noho ʻia ma mua, kipaku nā punawelewele i ka wahi o nā mea kolo weliweli.
ʻAʻole wale ka ʻike phenomenal ke kōkua i kēia mea kolo e loaʻa i kā lākou meaʻai, akā ʻo kahi hana kūikawā ʻē aʻe o ke kino - ka ʻōnaehana hydraulic. ʻO kēia ka hiki i ke kino ke hoʻololi i ka pae o ke kaomi i nā lālā, ma muli o ka nui a me ka lōʻihi o ka lālā e hiki ai ke loli. Hāʻawi kēia i nā arthropods e lele i nā lōʻihi like ʻole. Hana pinepine nā punawelewele i nā lele o kēlā mau lōʻihi, ʻo 15-20 mau manawa ka nui o ko lākou mau kino. Eia nō naʻe, no ka belay, hoʻoponopono nā mea lele i kahi pae ikaika kahi a lākou e makemake ai e lele.
I ka pau ʻana o ka lā, ʻimi nā punawelewele i kahi kahi kaʻawale e wili ai lākou i kā lākou mau punaewele. Hiki ke loaʻa kēlā mau wahi i nā māwae o nā paia, ma lalo o ka ʻili lāʻau, ma lalo o nā ʻiliʻili, a pēlā aku. Inā huli hewa ke aniau i waho, ʻaʻohe lā, anuanu a ua, hūnā nā spider i ko lākou mau hale malumalu no kahi manawa lōʻihi. I ke kakahiaka i ka wā mānoanoa, haʻalele lākou i ko lākou wahi hūnā. Ma hope o ka hoʻomehana pono ʻana o nā spider i ka lā, hele lākou e ʻimi i nā meaʻai.
Mea hoihoi: noʻonoʻo ka poʻe ʻepekema i kēia ʻano spider i nā kolo wiwo ʻole, ʻoiai lākou e mahuka wale nō i nā hihia kākaʻikahi loa. Ke hoʻāʻo nei e pakele mai ka ʻenemi i kēia ala, holo koke ka lio, huli mau i kona ala. Noho nā punawelewele i ke kau anuanu e peʻe ana i ko lākou mau hale malumalu.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: He mau lio kolo kolo
ʻOkoʻa nā kāne mai nā wahine ʻaʻole wale i ka nui, akā i ke kala, i ke ʻano, ke kala o nā paʻa mua o nā lālā, kahi e kau ai nā kaha. Kuhi ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻāpana e nā ʻano pākahi o ka wā hānau. Eia nō naʻe, hoʻokahi mea like nā lunamakaʻāinana āpau o nā nalo kolo - ka hulahula mesmerizing o kahi kāne kāne. ʻAe kēia hula e ʻumeʻume i ka manaʻo o ka wahine āu e makemake ai. I loko o kēlā hulahula, hoʻāla aʻe ke kāne i kona mau lālā i luna a i kekahi ʻano mele e hoʻopili iā ia iho ma ka umauma me lākou. Inā koi kekahi mau kāne i ka maka o hoʻokahi wahine, ʻo ka mea ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā pedipalps e lilo i mea nui. Inā ʻaʻole i hiki i nā wahine i ka wā ʻōpio, manaʻo ka kāne i kēia manawa.
Ulana nā kāne kāne i kekahi ʻano pūnaewele, a hoʻopili lākou i nā kulu hāpau. A laila hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻo ia i nā pedipalps i ka semen a laila hoʻololi wale ʻo ia i ka mani i loko o ke kino o ka wahine. Ma mua o ka hoʻomoe ʻana i nā hua, koho ka wahine i kahi pale palekana a kau iā ia me nā cobwebs. Hiki i kēia ke ākea ma lalo o nā pōhaku, ʻili lāʻau, i nā māwae o ka paia, a pēlā aku. Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi wahi mehameha a hoʻomākaukau ʻia, hoʻomoe ka wahine i nā hua a kiaʻi pono iā lākou a hiki i ka wā e hānau ai ke keiki.
Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, ʻaʻole pono ka ʻōpio i kahi makuahine, no ka mea loaʻa koke iā lākou nā mākau o ka hopu holoholona. Wehe ʻia ka wahine. Ma hope o kekahi mau molts, hānau ka hānau i kū i ka moekolohe. ʻO ka awelika o ke ola o ka nananana ma nā kūlana kūlohelohe ma kahi o hoʻokahi makahiki.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā spider steed
Kiʻi: Punipuni lio ma ke ʻano
He mau ʻenemi ko Spider i ko lākou nohona kūlohelohe. I mea e hoʻopakele ai i nā ola o nā spider he nui e hoʻonalowale iā lākou iho i waho e like me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe - nā ʻenemi a i ʻole nā ʻūhū.
Hāʻawi ʻia ka makaʻu i ka nananana e nā manu e ʻai i kēia mau mea liʻiliʻi. Makemake nui ka manu spider-trap iā lākou. He mea kūpono nō hoʻi ia e hoʻomaopopo ʻo kēia mau mea kolo e ʻoliʻoli ai nā moʻo a i nā rana hoʻi, a me nā mea kolo i ʻoi aku ka nui i ka nui. ʻAi ʻo Spider i kekahi i kekahi inā ʻaʻohe mea ʻē aʻe kokoke i hiki ke lilo i mea pio. ʻAʻole wale ia e pili ana i ka wahine, ka mea, ma hope o ka male ʻana, hiki ke ʻai i ke kāne. Hoʻouka pinepine nā mākua, nā moʻo kolohe makua i nā holoholona ʻōpio.
ʻO ka pinepine, hāʻule nā spider lio i nā nalo nalo. ʻO lākou nā mea kolo parasite i hoʻomoe i nā hua ma luna o ka ʻili a i loko paha o ke kino o nā nananana. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, puka mai nā lūlū mai nā hua manu, e ʻai lohi i ka aropopop mai loko. Inā he nui loa nā larvae, hoʻonāukiuki lākou i ka make o ka nananana.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Lio kolo keleʻele
I kēia lā, noho nā nūnū lio i nā helu kūpono o nā wahi like ʻole o ka honua. ʻAʻole hoʻoweliweli ʻia lākou me ka make ʻana, a ʻaʻole pono kēia ʻano i ka pale. ʻO lākou kahi ʻāpana hoʻohui o ke kaiaolaola. Ma muli o ka hoʻoweliweli ʻole ʻia o kā lākou helu, ʻai lākou i nā mea kolo i nā helu he nui, kahi mea e hōʻino ai i nā ʻano mea kanu like ʻole. ʻO ka pinepine, kahi hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā punawelewele kokoke i kahi kanaka e hoʻopakele iā ia mai nā pepeke, i hiki ke lawe i nā maʻi maʻi weliweli. Eia kekahi, ma nā wahi e noho ai nā lio, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hua ma muli o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o nā mea ʻino ma ke ʻano o nā kolo he mau manawa ka liʻiliʻi.
ʻAʻohe papa hana kūikawā a me nā hana e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana a hoʻonui ʻana paha i ka helu o nā ʻelala. Ke mālama ʻia nei nā hana ʻike me ka heluna kanaka i hiki ʻole i nā kolo o kēia laha ke hana ʻino iā lākou, a mai hoʻoweliweli i ke ola a me ke olakino. No laila, ʻaʻole pono lākou e luku ʻia, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻoweliweli wale nō, akā, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, he mea pono.
Lio kolo kolo He lunamakaʻāinana kūpilikiʻi o nā arthropods, nona ka maka maka maikaʻi loa, hiki ke lele, a me kahi ʻōnaehana hanu kūpono ʻole no kēia mau ʻelele o ka flora a me nā holoholona. He mea kūpono ke hoʻomanaʻo ʻana ʻaʻole ʻano weliweli kēia ʻano arachnid i nā kānaka. ʻO ke kaiāulu me ia he mea pono no kekahi kanaka.
Lā paʻi: 18.06.2019
Lā hou: 25.09.2019 ma 13:34
