ʻO Cuckoo - ʻo kēia kekahi o nā manu kaulana loa, kahi kamaʻāina maʻamau o nā ululāʻau, nā pāka, kahi kipa pinepine i nā māla māla. ʻO kona ʻano "cuckoo" aneane hiki ʻole ke huikau me nā leo ʻē aʻe o nā holoholona a me nā manu. Ma muli o ka hoʻolei ʻana i kā lākou mau hua i nā pūnana o haʻi, ua lilo kona inoa i inoa ʻohana. A ua lilo ka manu ponoʻī i koa o nā hōʻailona he nui.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Cuckoo
I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o nā cuckoos i mau manu, hana lākou i ʻohana kaʻawale o nā cuckoos, i hoʻopili ʻia me 140 mau ʻano ʻokoʻa. Ma waho, ʻokoʻa kēia mau manu i kēlā me kēia me kekahi i nā kala a me ka nui. Hoʻololi nā nui i waena o kahi ākea ākea. ʻO kekahi mau ʻano he 17-20 cm wale nō ka lōʻihi, ʻoiai ua hōʻea kekahi i 70 cm.
Video: ʻO Cuckoo
ʻO ka lunamakaʻāinana kaulana o ka ʻohana ka cuckoo maʻamau, ʻo ia ke kumu a hāʻawi i ka inoa i ka ʻohana holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ka inoa ponoʻī mai ka uē onomatopoeic o kahi manu kāne.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: ʻo nā ʻohana pili loa o nā ʻūlū, ʻo ia nā manu e like me ka maiʻa, turaco a me ka ʻzizzin, ma mua, me nā manu cuckoo, i hoʻokomo ʻia i ke ʻano o nā manu lani hou. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o kēia manawa, ua noho wale nā manu cuckoo i kēia ʻoka.
Loaʻa nā hiʻohiʻona a pau nā lunamakaʻāinana o cuckoo. He kino elongated a streamline ko lākou. Lōʻihi nā ʻeheu i ke kaulike i ke koena o ke kino. Lōʻihi hoʻi ka huelo a he ʻano ʻanuʻu kona. ʻAno like loa nā pā me nā passerines, akā aia ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi. Hoʻohui ʻia, kuhikuhi nā manamana wāwae i ʻelua i hope a ʻelua i mua. ʻO kēia ʻano o ka ʻūlū cuckoo e hoʻokokoke iā ia i nā lunamaka o nā ʻoka. ʻO ka nuku o kahi cuckoo, me ka nānā ʻole i ka nui o kekahi laha, ma ka hopena pono ke ʻano o ka makau.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: ʻūlū manu
Ma waho, ua like ka cuckoo maʻamau me ka sparrowhawk. ʻIke like nā kikoʻī plumage, ʻano poʻo a me ke ʻano lele. Kōkua kēia like i nā cuckoos e ola. Hoʻohālikelike ka nui o kahi cuckoo me ka manu nūnū. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka manu ma kahi o 33 cm, ke kaumaha ma kahi o 100-180 g. Aia ka ʻēheu ma waena o 56-65 cm. ʻO ka huelo he kāʻei, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi, no laila, i ka hui pū ʻana me nā ʻeheu liʻiliʻi, kōkua ia i ka manu e hoʻoponopono maikaʻi i nā ulu lāʻau. He pōkole nā pā, akā ikaika loa, ʻaʻole ʻike maka ʻia i ke kūlana noho.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: Loaʻa i nā paws kahi ʻano zygodactyl i kapa ʻia. Kuhi ʻia nā manamana ʻelua o ka cuckoo i mua, a ʻelua hoʻi i hope, e like me nā mea ʻāhiu a me nā ʻoka. ʻAe kēia e pili pono i nā lālā, akā paʻakikī ia e neʻe i kahi papa pālahalaha.
ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka plumage o nā cuckoos. He "palule" lōʻihi ko lākou ma nā wāwae. ʻEleʻele ʻeleʻele loa nā cuckoos kāne i ke kala, ʻoiai he ʻeleʻele brownish ke kua o nā wahine me nā pā liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻāʻī a keʻokeʻo me nā ʻāpana transverse ma ka ʻōpū a me ka umauma.
ʻO ka hapanui o ka manawa, hāmau ka cuckoo maʻamau a alakaʻi i kahi nohona malū. Akā i ke kauwela, a i ka hapa mua o ke kauwela, nui ka walaʻau a ʻike ʻia nā manu kāne, e hoʻāʻo nei e hoʻokipa iā lākou iho. I kēia manawa, i loko o ka ululāʻau a me nā pāka, hiki iā ʻoe ke lohe i ke ʻano o ka "cuckoo, cuckoo" me nā repetitions he nui a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka syllable mua. I ka wā mālie, lohe maopopo ʻia ka leo o ka manu i kahi mamao a i ʻelua mau kilomita.
Ma hea e noho ai ka cuckoo?
Kiʻi: Cuckoo i ke kūlohelohe
Hoʻolahalaha ʻia ka laulā o nā cuckoo āpau ma nā ʻāina āpau, koe wale nō ʻo Antarctica. Uhi ʻaneʻane i nā wahi āpana mai ka tundra ululāʻau i nā tropika. ʻO ka helu nui loa o nā laha i loaʻa ma Eurasia a me ʻAmelika Hema, a ʻo ka hapa nui i nā wahi tropical. ʻO nā cuckoos maʻamau ka mea maʻamau i nā latitude ʻĀkau. Noho lākou i ka hapa nui o ʻEulopa a me ʻAsia, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ka ʻAkelanika a hiki i ka Moana Pākīpika a ʻike ʻia ma nā Kurile, nā Mokupuni Commander, ma Iapana a me ka Peninsula Korea. ʻO ka palena ʻākau o ka laulā o nā cuckoos maʻamau e kūlike me ka palena o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā mea ulu lāʻau.
ʻO nā cuckoos maʻamau nā manu neʻe maʻamau. I nā wahi hānau ʻaʻole lākou e noho ma mua o ʻekolu a ʻehā mau mahina no ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ka mamao i nā wahi hoʻoilo mai nā pūnana cuckoos hiki i 5-6 tausani mau kilomita.
No ka hoʻoilo, lele lele lākou i nā wahi hema, e like me:
- ʻApelika
- Inia;
- Kina Hema.
Makemake nā cuckoos maʻamau e noho i nā ululāʻau deciduous, emi pinepine i nā ulu lāʻau ulu ma nā ʻāina kiki, i nā kāʻei ulu lāʻau a i ʻole nā ululāʻau mokupuni i ka ululāʻau. Hōʻalo nā Cuckoos i nā ululāʻau taiga a me nā coniferous. Ma Central Asia, i nā wahi kahi liʻiliʻi nā mea ulu lāʻau, hiki iā lākou ke noho i nā kahakai ākea, inā he mau kumu lāʻau a i ʻole nā kumulāʻau kokoke.
He aha ka ʻai a ka ʻūlū?
Kiʻi: cuckoo Lūkini
Manaʻo ʻia ʻo Cuckoos nā omnivores. Hoʻokumu nā pepelu i ka hapa nui o ka papaʻai o kēia mau manu, akā hiki ke hoʻopili pū i nā mea kanu mea kanu, e like me nā hua a i nā ʻōpio.
Mea ʻai punahele no nā ʻūlū:
- ʻūhini;
- makika;
- ʻenuhe kāpeti;
- larvae ant;
- nalo;
- butterflies (and pupae);
- ʻenuhe;
- slug.
ʻAi ʻoluʻolu nā Cuckoos i nā ʻenuhe huhū a hulu, a makaʻu nā manu ʻē aʻe e ʻai. I kekahi manawa ʻai lākou i nā moʻo liʻiliʻi a pāʻina pū hoʻi i nā hua manu. Koi pinepine ʻia ka Prey mai ka honua a i ʻole nā lālā, ʻaʻole ʻemi pinepine ʻia nā pepelu i ka lele.
ʻOiai ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui o nā manu, manuahi loa lākou. Pili pono kēia i ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana o ka momona subcutaneile, a lākou e pono ai no nā lele mamao loa i ka wā o ka neʻe hoʻoilo. Hoʻoemi wale ka makemake o nā cuckoos i ka wā o ka moena, ke kiola ʻia nā ikaika a pau a me ka noʻonoʻo i ka ʻimi ʻana i kahi lua. ʻO Gluttony kekahi ʻano o nā moa cuckoo, i loaʻa ke kaupaona a me ka nui i ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki ma mua o nā moa o nā manu ʻē aʻe.
ʻOiaʻiʻo leʻaleʻa: I hoʻokahi hola, hiki i kahi manu makua ke ʻai ma kahi o 100 ʻenuhe. A ʻo ka awelika o kēlā me kēia lā ma ka liʻiliʻi he ʻenuhe 1,500.
Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā pepelu he nui e nā cuckoos kahi mea nui i ka pale ʻana i ke kaiaolaola o ka nahele a me ka hōʻoia ʻana i kona kaulike. No laila, ʻaʻohe manu ʻino nā cuckoos, akā ʻo nā manu pono, ʻoiai ka peculiarity o ka hānai ʻana i kā lākou mau pua.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Cuckoo
ʻO ka awelika o ke ola o ka cuckoo maʻamau he 9 a 11 mau makahiki. He manu malū nā cuckoos a akahele hoʻi i nā manu a ʻano mālie. Lohe wale ʻia ke kani ʻana o ke ʻano i ka wā o ka moʻo ʻana mai ka waenakonu o ka makahiki a hiki i ke kau waena. ʻAʻole lākou e waiho i nā koina o ka hana nui, kahi mea paʻakikī e nānā iā lākou iho.
ʻO ke ala o ke ola ka hapa nui o ke ao, ʻo ka manawa nui āpau e paʻa ana ka manu i ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai. Ma muli o ke ʻano o nā paws, ʻaʻole i hoʻopili ʻia ka cuckoo i ka neʻe ʻana ma ka honua, no laila, inā iho ia i lalo no ka mea pio, lele koke ia a ʻai i ka ʻelele i hopu ʻia a i ʻole ka moʻo ma nā lālā o ka lāʻau kokoke. Ma muli o kēia hiʻohiʻona, haʻalele ka cuckoo i kahi mau wāwae ʻole ma ka honua.
ʻAʻole kūkulu a kūkulu paha nā manu i ko lākou mau pūnana ponoʻī. ʻO nā cuckoos maʻamau i waena o nā parasite pūnana holomua loa. ʻAʻole loa lākou e hānai i nā moa, a hoʻolei i kā lākou mau hua i nā pūnana o haʻi. A ʻo kahi hopena, hana nā manu kūwaho loa i mea ʻai a me nā mea aʻo i nā moa cuckoo.
ʻIke hoihoi: Ua alakaʻi ka Evolution i ka hiki i ka cuckoo ke hoʻomoe i nā hua mimic, e hoʻopau hou i ke kala o nā hua manu o kēlā mau manu kahi e waiho ai lākou i nā pūnana. Ma kekahi o nā hōʻike, ma kahi o hoʻokahi haneli mau hua cuckoo o ka nui o nā waihoʻoluʻu mai keʻokeʻo, ʻike ʻole ʻia i ʻike ʻia i ka uliuli polohiwa i hōʻike ʻia.
ʻO ke kau ʻana i hua manu i ka pūnana a haʻi he ʻekona kekona wale nō. Ma mua o kēia, hiki i ka cuckoo kāne ke hoʻopuni ma luna o ka pūnana, e hōʻike ana i kahi mea ʻino. Ke hoʻohana pono nei i ka haʻalele ʻana o nā mea nona ka pūnana no kēia manawa, lele ka wahine iā ia a waiho i kāna hua. I kekahi manawa hoʻomoe nā ʻūlū i nā hua, a inā ʻaʻole hiki i ka manu ke lele i laila, a laila hiki iā ia ke hoʻomoe i kahi hua ma kahi kokoke, a laila hāʻawi iā ia i ka puha me kona nuku.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Little cuckoo
Noho kaʻawale nā cuckoos maʻamau a me polygamous. ʻAʻole lākou e ʻohiʻohi i nā ʻohana hipa, a hana ʻia nā pālua no hoʻokahi kau. Akā i ka manawa like, ua hoʻopiha ʻia nā hana moena o kēia mau manu me ke aloha. ʻO ka maʻamau ka nalu ʻana o ke kāne i kāna huelo e like me ka peahi a kolohe i ka wahine. ʻO kona poʻo i hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia a me nā ʻeheu he hōʻailona ia o ka ʻike a me ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana. Hāʻawi paha ke kāne i kahi lālā a lāʻau paha i hōʻailona o ka nānā. Hana ʻia ka hana hou ʻana mai ka waenakonu o ka pūnāwai a hiki i ke kau waena.
ʻAʻohe o ko Cuckoos wahi kūnana i ke ʻano maʻamau. Ma ka pūnaewele hoʻokahi, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i hoʻokahi wahine a me nā kāne, a ʻo ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia kahi pūnaewele pūnana kahi pūnaewele kahi e ʻimi ai kahi cuckoo wahine i nā pūnana kūpono o haʻi e kau i kāna mau hua i loko o lākou. Akā i kekahi manawa hui pū nā wahine ʻelua ma ka wahi like. I kēia hihia, parasitize lākou i nā manu o nā ʻano ʻokoʻa.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: ʻO ka manawa incubation o nā hua o ka cuckoo maʻamau he 11, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o 12 mau lā. No laila, hānau ʻia ka cuckoo ma mua o kona mau kaikaina a loaʻa ka pōmaikaʻi nui ma luna o lākou i ka paio no ka meaʻai i lawe ʻia e nā mākua hānai.
I loko o nā lā ʻehā mua, pili ka hana a ka pīpī i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i nā hua i koe a huki ʻia nā moa mai ka pūnana mai. Noho ka cuckoo ma lalo o kahi moa ʻē aʻe, a laila neʻe hou i ka lihi o ka pūnana, kahi e ʻō pololei ai i luna a lele ka mea i hōʻino ʻia i lalo. Hana ʻo ia ia instinctively, a ma hope o ʻehā mau lā nalowale ke ʻano.
Hoʻomaka ke ola kūʻokoʻa o ka cuckoo 40 mau lā ma hope o ka hatching, ke hana pono ʻia ka plumage i ka manu. A hiki i kēia manawa, ʻai ka moa i nā mākua hānai. Hana pinepine ʻia ka hānai ʻana, ʻoiai ke ulu ka cuckoo ma mua o ka nui o nā manu e hānai ana. Hiki i ka cuckoo ke haʻalele i ka pūnana ma hope o 20 mau lā, akā ma muli o ka hoʻopuka ʻana i nā uē ʻano e noi ana i ka meaʻai, hoʻomau mau nā mākua hānai iā ia ma hope o kēlā.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o cuckoos
Kiʻi: Cuckoo
Heʻuʻuku nā ʻenemi o nā mākua, no ka dexterity o ka lele o ka cuckoo maʻamau a me ka like o kona helehelena me nā manu o ka ʻai.
Kākaʻikahi loa a ma lalo o kekahi mau ʻano, hiki ke hoʻouka ʻia kahi cuckoo:
- orioles;
- lele lele hina;
- nā mea kaua;
- shrikes;
- kekahi manu ʻē aʻe.
Kū pinepine nā hoʻouka kaua i nā moa i haʻalele wale i nā pūnana o kā lākou mau mākua hānai, a no kēia kumu ʻaʻole i lawa ka ʻike a me ka dexterity lele.
Hiki i nā māmela Carnivorous e like me nā ʻalopeke, martens, weasels a me nā pōpoki ke hoʻoweliweli i nā manu. Akā ʻike iki lākou i nā cuckoos i loko o kā lākou mau wāwae, no ke kumu maʻalahi e hoʻāʻo ai lākou e hoʻokokoke ʻole i ka ʻili o ka honua, a inā lākou e iho i lalo, a laila e hoʻouka wale i kā lākou mea pio, ʻo ke koho e hoʻokō pono ʻia me ke akahele.
ʻO ka poʻe pōā pūnana e like me nā ʻalalā a me nā jays kekahi mea hoʻoweliweli i nā ʻūlū a me nā hua manu. ʻOiai ʻo ka cuckoos ʻaʻole lākou e kūkulu i ko lākou pūnana, akā kau i nā hua i nā pūnana o haʻi, ua luku pinepine ʻia nā pūnana o kekahi poʻe, no laila hiki ke pepehi ʻia nā pīpī i loko o lākou, a hiki nō hoʻi i nā hua manu ke ʻai ʻia e ka mea ʻiʻo i piʻi i ka pūnana.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Manu Cuckoo
ʻO ka cuckoo maʻamau ka ʻano hopohopo liʻiliʻi. Nui loa kona laulā. I ʻEulopa i kēia lā aia ma kahi o ʻelua miliona mau kāne. No kēia kumu, ʻaʻole pale ʻia nā manu, a ʻaʻohe mea e lawe ʻia e hoʻonui ai i kā lākou heluna kanaka.
Mea hoihoi: hiki i kahi cuckoo ke kau ma kahi o 20 mau hua i kēlā me kēia kau. ʻO ka maʻamau maʻamau ke ola nei kēlā me kēia moa ʻelima i ka wā makua.
Unpretentiousness, adaptability maikaʻi, kahi nui o nā meaʻai like ʻole a me ka loaʻa ʻole o nā ʻenemi koʻikoʻi e kōkua i nā cuckoos e ola. Kōkua pū ia i hiki i nā ʻūlū ke ʻai i nā ʻenuhe ʻawahia, i mālama ʻole ʻia e nā manu ʻē aʻe, no laila, ʻoiai i nā manawa paʻakikī, makaʻu ʻole lākou i ka hoʻokūkū interspecific.
Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi mau wahi, ke emi nei ka nui o nā cuckoos maʻamau, pili pū ʻia me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ke kūkulu kūlanakauhale a me ka hoʻemi ʻana o nā mea kanu lāʻau. ʻO ia ke kumu o ka emi ʻana o ka nalo ʻana o ka nohona kūlohelohe o ka manu. I ka 2001, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka laha i ka Red Book o Moscow, ma ka mahele ʻelua, ma ke ʻano he ʻano me ka helu hoʻemi ʻia. I kēia lā, ʻaʻohe hoʻololi nui i ka mokuʻāina o kēia ʻano, ma luna a i lalo paha, i ʻike ʻia i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka wā 1990-2000.
Kiaʻi Cuckoo
Kiʻi: Cuckoo mai ka puke ʻulaʻula
Ma ka panalāʻau o Moscow, kokoke i nā ululāʻau kahi i hoʻomaopopo ʻia ai ka hānau cuckoo i ke kūlana o kahi wahi kūlohelohe i pale ʻia, a i ʻole ua lilo kēia mau wahi i ʻāpana o nā ʻāina like ʻole e kokoke ana.
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia kahi kumu maikaʻi maikaʻi ʻole e hoʻohuli i ka heluna kanaka o ka cuckoo maʻamau ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā wahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo kūlohelohe a me ka nui ma muli o ke kaohi ʻana o ka hoʻomohala kūlanakauhale a ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻia o kāna mau waihona. No laila, i waena o nā hana i hoʻolālā nui ʻia e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke kaiaola kaiāulu, ʻo ka mea nui e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka nohona o nā cuckoos a me nā passerine liʻiliʻi i nā pā kūlanakauhale, nā wahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā kāʻei ulu lāʻau.
ʻO Cuckoo kahi mea e nānā pono ai, keu hoʻi ma ka moku ʻo Moscow. Hoʻohui ʻia, ua hoʻomaopopo ʻia he ana kūpono no ka mālama ʻana a me ke kūkulu hou ʻana i nā wahi kūlohelohe a me nā pāka e mālama pono ai i nā koi no ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano mea like ʻole o nā meaʻai - invertebrates. Hoʻohui ʻia, hoʻolālā hou ʻia e hoʻolauna i kahi pāpā i ke kūkulu hou ʻia ʻana o nā ululāʻau me ka maʻalahi o kā lākou haku ʻana a i ʻole ke kūkulu ʻana, a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i kekahi mau papahana kūikawā no ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana i nā kaiāulu kūlohelohe i nā awāwa kahawai i waiho ʻia i ke kūlanakauhale a me ka ʻāina.
Lā paʻi: 23.05.2019
Lā hou: 20.09.2019 ma 20:49
