ʻAlopeke ʻAlika ma muli o kona helehelena - kahi hana hoʻomanaʻo nui ʻole. Ua like lākou me nā holoholona, keʻokeʻo wale nō. I ka hau, ʻaʻole paha e ʻike ʻia ia ʻano holoholona, keu hoʻi inā e pani ka ʻalopeke arctic i kona ihu a me kona mau maka. ʻAʻole kēia wale kāna hiʻona kūikawā, kahi e hoʻoulu ai i ka hoihoi i nā kānaka, akā ʻo kāna hoʻololi nui i ke ola i nā kūlana polar.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: ʻalopeke ʻAlika
No nā ʻohana canine nā ʻalopeke Artctic, akā ʻo ka ʻano maoli o nā ʻalopeke Arctic ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e hoʻokahi wale nō ʻano. Kāhea pinepine ʻia kēia mau holoholona he ʻalopeke, a ʻoi aku paha ke kikoʻī, polar, arctic a i ʻole nā ʻalopeke keʻokeʻo. Māhele ʻia nā ʻalopeke Artctic i ʻelua mau ʻano e pili ana i ke kala o ko lākou hulu.
Video: ʻAlopeka Arctic
Hoʻololi nā ʻalopeke keʻokeʻo i ka momona a me ke kala o ko lākou hulu i loko o ka makahiki. I ka hoʻoilo, ʻaʻahu lākou i ka lole huluhulu keʻokeʻo momona a mānoanoa loa - ʻo ia ka mea i mahalo nui ʻia ma nā mākeke huluhulu. Ma hope o ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻoheheʻe wai puna, lilo lākou i mea brown a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka fluffy.
Akā, he mamao loa nā ʻalopeke polū mai ke kala keʻokeʻo. Mālama lākou i ke kapa huluhulu ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele a hina hina. Mai ke kau e hoʻololi i kona nui.
Hāʻawi ke kūlohelohe iā lākou me ka huluhulu mānoanoa loa a me ka undercoat. ʻO ke aniau a lākou e noho nei he koʻikoʻi loa ʻo ke ala wale nō e ola ai kahi kapa huluhulu mehana a me nā mālama momona. Eia kekahi, he lauoho ko nā holoholona ma kā lākou mau wāwae, ma luna pono o nā pale o nā manamana lima. No kēia mea i loaʻa i nā ʻalopeke Arctic ko lākou inoa, no ka mea ma ka unuhi ʻana he "hare paw" ke ʻano.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: ʻAlopeka Arctic holoholona
I ka nānā mua ʻana, ʻo nā ʻalopeke Arctic ka hapanui o nā mea like me nā ʻalopeke, keʻokeʻo wale nō. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka pōkole o kēia mau holoholona: ʻoi aku ka pōkole o ko lākou mau wāwae ma mua o ko nā ʻalopeke maʻamau, a no laila ke nānā aku nei lākou i kahi mau manawa iki a haʻahaʻa paha. ʻO nā alopeke Arctic he mau holoholona liʻiliʻi, ʻo nā mea nui loa i 9 kg, akā he kakaikahi kēia. ʻO ke kumu, he ʻekolu a ʻehā paha kilokani holoholona liʻiliʻi nā ʻalopeka Artctic. I waho, hulu e hoʻonui iki iā lākou.
ʻO ke kino o ke kino ma ka awelika ma kahi o kanalimakū a hiki i kanahiku kanahiku kenimika, a ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o nā holoholona ma kahi o kanakolu kenimika. ʻO kēia hiʻohiʻona lākiō e like me ke ʻano o ke kino o dachshund. ʻO ia ʻano kino e ʻae i ka holoholona e hoʻohana i ka wela i ʻoi aku ka waiwai, a aia ia ma lalo o ka honua, kahi e emi ai ka makani.
He huelo nani kā ka ʻalopeke Arctic. Ulu lākou a kanakolu kenetimita ka lōʻihi, a uhi ʻia me ka hulu e like me ka lush a mānoanoa e like me ke kino.
ʻOkoʻa ka ʻāʻī o ka holoholona mai ka ʻalopeke, pōkole a ākea ia, ʻoiai paʻa loa, a pōkole hoʻi nā pepeiao a poepoe hoʻi. Pono kēlā ʻokoʻa i nā kūlana nohona, kāpae kēia i ka hiki i ka hau i kahi ʻāpana lōʻihi o ke kino. No laila i nā ʻalopeke ʻo Arctic āpau nā mea āpau āpau a uhi ʻia me ka huluhulu huluhulu a hoʻomohala maikaʻi lākou i kēia mau ʻike: lohe maikaʻi a me ke ʻano maikaʻi o ka pilau.
ʻO nā mea hoihoi i nā maka o nā ʻalopeke polar: uhi ʻia lākou me kahi pale pale mai ke kukui mālamalama loa, hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai nā papa hau i nā lā maopopo. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻalopeke arctic me ka maka maka.
Ma hea e noho ai ka ʻalopeke Arctic?
Kiʻi: ʻAlopeke Arctic i ka tundra
Noho nā ʻalopeke Arctic i ka Pole ʻĀkau a me nā latitude o ka tundra a me ka ululāʻau ululāʻau a puni ia. Eia kekahi, noho lākou ma nā mokupuni ʻĀkau, nā ʻāina a me nā ʻauhe hau hoʻi e heʻe ana. Noho nui nā ʻalopeke Arctic i nā panalāʻau o nā mokupuni: ʻAmelika ʻAkau, ʻĀkau o ʻEulopa a me ʻAsia. Akā makemake nā ʻalopeke polū i nā mokupuni e pili ana, a ma nā ʻāina ʻo lākou hiki ke loaʻa iki.
Hoʻololi ʻia nā ʻalopeke Arctic i kahi aniau ʻākau o ka ʻākau, nā pō polar a me nā hau. Eia naʻe, pili lākou i ka meaʻai. A, i ka hanana o ka hemahema o ka hana ʻana, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻololi i ko lākou wahi noho, e uhi ana i kahi mamao loa. Hiki i ka ʻalopeke Arctic ke holo i kahi o hoʻokahi haneli mau kilomika i ka lā me kona mau wāwae pōkole i ka permafrost a me ka hau. No laila ʻaʻole hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā holoholona i kahi nohona kikoʻī a mākaukau mau e hoʻololi i ko lākou wahi no kahi mea hou aʻe.
Wahi a ka nohona, he mea maʻa ke hōʻike i nā ʻāpana ʻelua o ka fox Arctic:
- E noho ana nā ʻalopeke Arctic e noho ana ma ka mokupuni ʻo Iceland, a koe aku o lākou ʻaʻohe mea mamala, ua kapa ʻia lākou ka inoa ʻo Alopex lagopus fuliginosus.
- ʻAlopeke Arctic o ka mokupuni ʻo Bering. Kū i waho kēia mea ʻohana i waena o kāna poʻe congeners no kona hulu ʻeleʻele. ʻAʻole ʻike ka poʻe āpau i kēlā mau alopeke, no ka mea ʻaʻole keʻokeʻo iki lākou, akā kokoke i ka ʻeleʻele. Hoʻohui ʻia, pili nā kānaka nui loa i kēia ʻaoʻao. ʻO Alopex lagopus beringensis ko lākou inoa.
- ʻO kekahi o nā mea kōkua āpau loa ʻo ka Mednovsky Arctic foxes, mai ka inoa o ka nohona, Medny Island. Ma kahi o hoʻokahi haneli o lākou i koe.
He aha ka mea e ʻai ai ka ʻalopeke Arctic?
Kiʻi: ʻAlopeke Arctic i ka hoʻoilo
He paʻakikī ka meaʻai no nā kamaʻāina ʻākau o ia ʻano. Akā ʻaʻole pīhoihoi lākou i ka meaʻai a mākaukau e lawa i ka mea a lākou e ʻai ai iʻole e make. ʻAi ʻia nā ʻalopeke Arctic ma luna o nā rodents liʻiliʻi, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā lemona. Hoʻopili pū ʻia lākou e nā hua manu a me nā moa iho. Ua lilo pinepine nā holoholona kai pēpē i kā lākou pio. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻūlū i kahi sila liʻiliʻi a i ʻole walrus.
ʻO kekahi mau ʻano iʻa, molluscs, crustacean a ʻo ke kai urchins kekahi meaʻai maʻamau no nā ʻalopeke Arctic i ke kauwela. ʻAi pau ka Arctic fox i nā mea āpau mai nā mea kanu mea kanu. Aia nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi i ka tundra, no laila ʻaʻohe koho. Hoʻopili ka papaʻai i nā hua, nā mea kanu kaka ʻole, nā lālā palupalu o nā kumulāʻau, nā limu.
ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke kūleʻa me nā holoholona nui, eia naʻe, inā i make ka holoholona i kona make ponoʻī a i ʻole pepehi ʻia e kekahi holoholona nui aʻe, a laila ʻaʻole e hoʻowahāwahā nā ʻalopeke Arctic e ʻai i nā koena. Kūpono lākou i nā ʻalopeke arctic e hoʻopili pono iā lākou iho i nā bea a i nā ʻīlio hae paha e ʻai ai i kā lākou mea pio ma hope o lākou.
Ma ke ʻano laulā, ʻo ka ʻai o ka hoʻoilo o nā ʻalopeke Arctic ka hapanui o ka carrion, no laila ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ke kino. ʻAi ʻo Polar foxes i nā mea make wai kai make: nā koholā, nā walrus, nā sila hulu, nā otters kai, nā sila a me kekahi poʻe ʻē aʻe. Hiki iā lākou ke māʻona i ka pōloli loa me nā lepo o ka ungulate. ʻO nā ʻalopeke arctic make pū kekahi kahi meaʻai na ko lākou hoahānau kokoke. I kēia ʻano, ua hoʻomohala ʻia kēia mau holoholona i ka cannibalism.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Fox fox
I ke kauwela, lōʻihi ka hana a ka ʻalopeke Arctic - kokoke i ka uaki, e pili ana me ka lōʻihi o nā hola ao. I kēia manawa o ka makahiki, ʻimi mau ʻo ia i ka meaʻai e hānai ai i kona ʻohana. I ke kauwela, pono i ka ʻalopeke arctic e hōʻiliʻili i ka momona a me nā mea momona i loko o kona kino, inā ʻaʻole ia e ola i ke kau anuanu. I ke kau a me ka hoʻoilo, makemake ka ʻalopeke Arctic e hele i waho e ʻimi i nā meaʻai i ka pō.
I ke kauwela, hoʻomaha ka hapanui o nā holoholona i kā lākou mau lua, akā i kekahi manawa hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomaha i ke ākea. Akā i ka hoʻoilo, makemake ka ʻalopeke Arctic e ʻeli i kahi lua hou i loko o kahi hau a peʻe ma laila. Hiki iā ia ke hūnā no kekahi mau lā i ka lālani mai ka hau a i ʻole i nā wā hauʻeha.
Ma ke ʻano laulā, hoʻomaʻa maikaʻi ʻia nā ʻalopeke Arctic i nā kūlana tundra. Akā ʻoiai hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia i nā kūlana ʻoʻoleʻa, e holoholo nā holoholona o ka hāʻule ma ke kahakai a i ʻole nā kahawai i ka hema? i nā ʻāpana kūpono loa, a he mau haneli paha mau kilomita ke mamao. I ka puna ua hoʻi liʻiliʻi lākou.
ʻO ka nohona ʻohana e like me ka alopeke. Hiki iā lākou ke noho kaʻawale i ka hoʻoilo, ʻoiai ʻākoakoa pinepine lākou i nā ʻāpana he nui a puni ka mea pio. A i ka puna, hana lākou i mau pālua, a laila hānai i nā keiki ma o nā hana like.
Ma o ko lākou ʻano, makaʻala nā ʻalopeke Arctic a makemake ʻole e lawe i nā pilikia me ka pono ʻole. I ka manawa like, ʻike ʻia lākou e ka hoʻomau a me ka hoʻokano. Ke hui pū nei me nā mea ʻino nui, ʻaʻole lākou e heʻe, akā hoʻi hope iki i kahi mamao, a inā hiki, hoʻāʻo lākou e kāʻili i kahi ʻāpana mai kāna mea pio. Ma ka laulaha, hoʻohui nā ʻalopeke Arctic i nā hoʻolālā ʻelua no ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai - ka ʻimi holoholona a me ka freelogging
ʻIke pinepine ʻoe i kahi polar bear e ʻai ana, a i kēia manawa ua puni ia e nā alopeke Arctic e kakali nei no ko lākou manawa. I kēlā mau wahi kahi e alualu ʻole ʻia ai nā ʻalopeke Arctic, ʻaʻole makaʻu nā holoholona i nā kānaka a hele mālie i ko lākou home. He mea noʻonoʻo lākou. ʻO kahi laʻana, hiki i nā ʻalopeke Arctic pōloli ke komo i loko o nā hale o ke kanaka a i ʻole nā hale ʻai, kahi e ʻaihue pinepine ai ka meaʻai. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻaihue i ka meaʻai mai nā ʻīlio.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Arctic Fox Cub
ʻO nā alopeke Arctic nā holoholona monogamous. ʻAneʻane hana mau lākou i nā pālua ikaika a noho i nā ʻohana. Hoʻokomo mau kēlā me kēia ʻohana i ʻelua mau mākua - he kāne a me kahi wahine, kā lāua mau keiki o ka ʻōpala o kēia manawa i ka nui o ʻekolu a ʻumi mau ʻīlio paha, a i kekahi manawa he mau wahine ʻōpio hou aʻe mai ka ʻōpala i hala. Hiki i kekahi mau holoholona ke noho i nā kolone mai kekahi mau ʻohana. ʻO ka pinepine, hānai nā wahine i nā mākua hānai. I kekahi manawa hiki i ʻohana ʻekolu a ʻekolu paha ke hui pū i nā lua pili e pili ana i kahi paukū.
ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ka wahi o ka ʻohana o nā ʻalopeke Arctic mai 2 a 30 mau kilomika kuea. Eia nō naʻe, i nā makahiki pōloli, hiki i nā alopeke polar ke holo ma ʻō aku o ko lākou wahi, a hiki i nā mile he ʻumi.
Ma mua o ka hānau ʻana, ʻeli nā ʻalopeke arctic makua i nā lua no lākou. Koho mau ʻia ka wahi no ka lua ma nā wahi kiʻekiʻe, ʻoiai aia ka makaʻu o ke kahe ʻana ma ka pāpū me ka wai hoʻoheheʻe. Hana pinepine nā lua i nā lepo palupalu, i waena o nā pōhaku e pono ai no ka pale. Hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia kahi lua maikaʻi kūpono no ka hānau ʻana mai kēlā hanauna i kēia hanauna e nā alopeke arctic. Akā haʻalele pinepine ʻia ka mink kahiko e ka hanauna hou, a ke kūkulu ʻia nei kahi hohonu hou ma kahi kokoke. Hoʻohui pinepine ia i ka home makua e kahi tunnel. I kekahi manawa hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā labyrinths holoʻokoʻa, a hiki i nā komo he 50-60.
Hiki i kēia mau holoholona ke oo i ka moekolohe ma ka ʻeiwa a ʻumikūmākahi mahina. I Malaki a i ʻole ka mua o ʻApelila, hoʻomaka nā wahine o nā ʻalopeke Arctic i ka estrus, ka mea maʻa mau ma mua o ʻelua mau pule. I kēia manawa, hala kahi wā i kapa ʻia ka hahai holoholona. I loko o ka manawa e hāpai ai ka wahine, hāpai nā hakakā ma waena o nā kāne kāne. Ma ka hakakā, huki lākou i ka maka o ka wahine iā lākou iho. Hiki i ke aloha o ke kāne ke hana i kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe: holo ʻo ia i mua o ka mea i wae ʻia me ka lāʻau, me ka iwi a i ʻole me kekahi mea i kona mau niho.
ʻO ka hāpai maʻamau he 52 mau lā ia, akā hiki ke loaʻa kēia waiwai mai 49 a 56 mau lā. I ka hopena, ke manaʻo ka wahine hāpai e hānau koke ia, ma ka maʻamau i 2 mau pule, hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hoʻomākaukau i ka hale - ʻeli ʻo ia i kahi lua hou, hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka mea kahiko mai nā lau. Inā no kekahi kumu ʻaʻohe lua, a laila hiki iā ia ke hānau hānau i ka nahele. Mai ka manawa a ka wahine e hānau ai i nā keiki, lilo ka ʻalopeka wahine kāne kāne i mea pio wale no ka ʻohana holoʻokoʻa.
Mālama ka wahine i nā keiki a pau loa. Hānai nā keiki ʻōpio i ka waiū ma kahi o 10 mau pule. A laila, ua hōʻea i ʻekolu a ʻehā mau pule o ko lākou mau makahiki, hoʻomaka lākou e haʻalele i ka lua. ʻAʻole hānai wale ʻo Māmā iā lākou, akā aʻo pū iā lākou pehea e alualu ai, aʻo iā lākou e ola i nā hau, ʻeli ʻana i nā lua i nā hau hau.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o nā ʻalopeke Arctic
Kiʻi: ʻalopeke ʻAlika
ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻalopeke Arctic ponoʻī he predator, he ʻenemi nō kā kēia holoholona. Kūpono paha nā pahu Hiki ke alualu ʻia nā alopeke Arctic e nā wolverine, nā ʻīlio raccoon, ʻalopeke a me nā ʻīlio hae. ʻO ka manawa maʻamau, hiki i kahi bear polar ke hoʻouka aku, ʻoiai pinepine ʻole ka hoihoi o ka ʻalopeka arctic iā ia no ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui.
Akā hiki i nā ʻalopeke arctic ʻōpio ke lilo i waiwai no nā manu o nā manu, e like me:
- Pueo Keʻokeʻo;
- ʻaeto ʻaeto;
- skua;
- ʻaeto huelo keʻokeʻo;
- manu koraka;
- pueo;
- ʻano nui o nā gull.
Akā ʻo ka mea pinepine, ʻaʻole make nā ʻalopeke polar ma ke ʻano he poʻe i ʻaihue ʻia, akā no ka pololi ma muli o ka nele o ka meaʻai. No laila, ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, ka nui o ka make o nā holoholona (a me ka hoʻoulu hou ʻana) ʻokoʻa loa mai kēlā makahiki a kēia makahiki. ʻO nā maʻi, ka maʻi nui, distemper, arceic encephalitis a me helminthiasis, ke kaupalena nei i nā kumu.
No ka fox Arctic, nā mea hoʻokūkū pololei i ka meaʻai nā holoholona e like me ka ermine a i ʻole ka wea. Akā he kakaikahi kēia mau ʻano a no laila ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopōʻino nui i ka fox Arctic. Eia kekahi, i loko o nā makahiki he hala i hala aku nei, ua ʻike ʻia ka neʻe ʻana o ka palena hema o ko Arctic fox wahi noho i ka ʻākau. Manaʻo kekahi mau ʻepekema he hopena kēia o ka noho ʻana o ka nāhelehele-tundra e kahi ʻalopeke. Akā aia kekahi manaʻo no ka hoʻoneʻe ʻia ma muli o ka hopena o ka wela ma ka lepo a me ka lepo, i ka momona o ka wai, ma muli o ka lōʻihi o ka uhi ʻana o ka hau, ka microclimate o nā lua a me ka hoʻololi o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka loli o ka lako o ka meaʻai.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Puke ʻĀlaʻula ʻo Arctic Fox
Aia ka helu o nā ʻalopeke Arctic i nā fluctuations ikaika e pili ana i ka loaʻa o nā kumuwaiwai, ʻo ia hoʻi nā lemona. Eia kekahi, he mea nui ka neʻe ʻana o nā holoholona i ka nui o nā lehulehu. E like me kēlā me kēia kauwela e hoʻomaka ana nā holoholona e noho ana i ka tundra e holoholo ma kahakai a me nā awāwa kahawai i ka hema, a hoʻi i ka puna, ʻaʻole ola nā holoholona āpau i ka holoholo ʻana, a make kekahi o lākou, ʻo ia hoʻi i nā makahiki pōloli.
I ka makahiki tundra i nā makahiki like ʻole hiki i ka helu ke helu ʻia mai kekahi mau ʻumi tausani mau kānaka a i kekahi mau haneli mau holoholona. ʻO nā ʻalopeke Artctic ka nui loa ma nā Bolshezemelskie, Yenisei, Ustyansk, Yamal, Prilensk tundras.
I ka wā ma mua, alualu nui ka poʻe i nā ʻalopeke Arctic ma muli o ko lākou kapa huluhulu nani. Ua alakaʻi kēia i kahi emi nui o nā helu. No laila, i kēia lā ua hoʻoponopono pololei ʻia ke kau hopu holoholona - ua kaupalena ʻia ia i ka wā o ke kauwela, a ʻo nā mākua wale nō ka hiki ke alualu ʻia. A ʻo ka mea liʻiliʻi loa, a me ka hoʻoweliweli, me kahi helu liʻiliʻi loa, nā ʻāpana Commander o ka ʻalopeke polū (aka Mednovsky arctic fox) ke kūlana o kahi ʻano ʻaneʻane a ane helu ʻia i loko o ka Red Book of Russia.
Ka pale ʻana i nā ʻalopeke Arctic
Kiʻi: ʻAlopeka Arctic mai ka puke Red
I kēia manawa, ke hoʻomaka nei ka hana e hoʻonui i ka nui o nā alopeke polar. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka hānai holoholona i ka wā pōloli. Ma muli o ka maʻalahi o nā ʻalopeke Arctic, hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻohua iā lākou i ke pio. ʻO Pinilana a me Norewai nā alakaʻi i ka hoʻoulu pio a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana.
ʻO ka ʻalopeka arctic ʻalopeke, i helu ʻia i loko o ka Red Book o Lūkia, pale ʻia i ka Commander Biosfir Reserve. Ua kū paʻa loa ka lawaiʻa ʻana o ka fox Mednovsky Arctic i ka makahiki 60. Hana ʻia kekahi mau manawa i ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻīlio ʻalopeke arctic maʻi mai nā maʻi, a hiki i ka hoʻonui ʻana i kā lākou ola.
I mea e pale a hoʻēmi ai i ka make ʻana o nā holoholona i ka wā hoʻoilo, a i ka wā o ka hāʻule ʻana o nā pua, ua hoʻāʻo ʻia e hoʻāʻo i ka lawe ʻia ʻana o nā ʻīlio i ka Medny Island, a me nā hoʻāʻo e hana i kahi kahu hānai no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā ʻalopeke Arctic o kēia ʻano i pio.
Lā paʻi: 23.02.2019
Lā hou: 09/15/2019 ma 23:55
