I kēia lā Elepani ʻApelika -ʻO kēia ka mammal nui loa ma ka honua e noho nei ma ka ʻāina, a ʻo ka lua o nā holoholona āpau ma ka honua. Hāʻawi ʻia ka hoʻokūkū i ka kohola polū. Ma ka moku o ka ʻāina ʻApelika, ʻo ka ʻelepani wale nō ka lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana proboscis.
ʻO ka ikaika kupaianaha, ka mana a me ka lawena i hoʻonāukiuki mau i ka hoihoi kūikawā, ka hauʻoli a me ka mahalo i waena o nā poʻe. Ke nānā nei i ka ʻelepani, loaʻa i kekahi ka manaʻo he nui kona kaumaha, clumsy, a i kekahi manawa palaualelo. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole kēia ma nā hihia āpau. ʻOiai ko lākou nui, hiki i nā ʻelepani ke liki loa, wikiwiki a wikiwiki.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Elepani ʻApelika
ʻO ka elepani ʻApelika kahi mammal chordal. He lunamakaʻāinana ia o ka order proboscis a me ka ʻohana ʻelepani, kahi genus o nā ʻelepani ʻApelika. ʻO nā ʻelepani ʻApelika hoʻi, ua māhele ʻia i ʻelua mau ʻāpana ʻē aʻe: nahele a me nā sabana. Ma muli o nā hoʻokolokolo he nui, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka makahiki i manaʻo ʻia o ka noho ʻana o ka mammal ma ka honua. Ua aneane ʻelima miliona mau makahiki. Wahi a nā Zoologists ʻo nā kūpuna kahiko o ka ʻelepani ʻEpelika ʻo ia ka nui o ka wai. ʻO ke kumu meaʻai nui ka mea kanu wai.
ʻO Meriterium ka inoa o ke kupuna o ka ʻelepani ʻEpelika. Maliʻa, noho ʻo ia ma ka honua ma mua o 55 miliona mau makahiki i hala. Ua loaʻa kona mau koena ma ʻAigupita i kēia manawa. Liʻiliʻi ka nui. Kūlike i ke kino o ka puaʻa hihiu o kēia manawa. He kaua pōkole akā hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻo Meriterium a me kahi kumu liʻiliʻi. Hoʻokumu ʻia ke kumu ma muli o ka hoʻohui o ka ihu a me ka lehelehe luna i mea e neʻe maʻalahi ai i ka wahi o ka wai. Ma waho, ua like ʻo ia me he hippopotamus liʻiliʻi. Ua hoʻokumu ʻo Meritherium i kahi genus hou - paleomastodon.
Video: ʻElepani ʻEpelika
Ua hāʻule kona manawa ma ka Eocene luna. Hōʻike ʻia kēia e nā ʻike archaeological ma nā ʻāina o ʻAigupita o kēia manawa. Ua ʻoi aku kona nui ma mua o ka nui o ke kino o ka meritrium, a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kumu. Ua lilo ʻo Paleomastodon i kūpuna no ka mastodon, a ʻo ia hoʻi ka mamona. ʻO nā mammoth hope loa ma ka honua ma Wrangel Island a ua hoʻopau ʻia ma kahi o 3.5 tausani mau makahiki i hala.
ʻ saylelo nā Zoologists aia ma kahi o 160 mau ʻano proboscis i pau i ka honua. Ma waena o kēia ʻano laha he mau holoholona o ka nui kupaianaha. ʻO ka nui o kekahi mau lunamakaʻāinana o kekahi ʻano i ʻoi aku ma mua o 20 tone. I kēia lā, manaʻo ʻia nā ʻelepani he holoholona laha ʻole. ʻElua wale nō ʻano i koe ma ka honua: ʻApelika a me ʻInikia.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: Elepani ʻApelika holoholona
Nui ʻiʻo ka ʻelepani ʻEpelika. ʻOi aku ka nui ma mua o ka ʻelepani India. Ua piʻi ka holoholona i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 4-5 mau mika, a ʻo kona kaumaha ma kahi o 6-7 tone. Ua haʻi lākou i ka dimorphism moekolohe. ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka nui o ka wahine i ka nui a me ke kaumaha o ke kino. ʻO ka lunamakaʻāinana nui loa o kēia ʻano ʻelepani i hōʻea i kahi kiʻekiʻe ma kahi o 7 mau mika, a ʻo kona kaumaha he 12 tone.
Hoʻohanohano ʻia nā pilikua ʻApelika e nā pepeiao lōʻihi loa a nunui. ʻO kā lākou nui ma kahi o hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua a ʻelua paha manawa ka nui o nā pepeiao o kahi ʻelepani India. Holo ka ʻelepa i ka overheating ma ke kahe ʻana i ko lākou pepeiao nui. Hiki i kā lākou dyna a i ʻelua mau mika. No laila, hoʻohaʻahaʻa lākou i ko lākou kino wela.
ʻO nā holoholona nui loa he kino nui, nui a me kahi huelo liʻiliʻi he ʻoi aku i ka mika ka lōʻihi. He poʻo nui ko nā holoholona a me ka ʻāʻī pokole. He mana ko nā Elepani, a me nā lālā mānoanoa. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano o nā kapena, mahalo i hiki ai iā lākou ke neʻe maʻalahi ma luna o ke one a me nā ʻāina pālahalaha. ʻO kahi o nā wāwae ke hele a hiki ke hoʻonui a hoʻemi. ʻEhā mau manamana o nā wāwae o mua, ʻekolu o nā wāwae o ka hope.
Ma waena o nā ʻelepani ʻApelika, e like me ka poʻe, aia nā lima hema a me nā lima ʻākau. Hoʻoholo ʻia kēia mea e pili ana i ka tusk a ka ʻelepani e hoʻohana pinepine ai. ʻEleʻele ʻeleʻele i ka ʻili o ka holoholona a uhi ʻia me ka lauoho ākea. Uwea ʻo ia a ʻākala. Eia nō naʻe, maʻalahi ka ʻili i nā kumu kūwaho. Palekana loa lākou i nā kukuna pololei o ka lā e ʻā ana. No ka pale ʻana iā lākou iho mai ka lā, hūnā nā ʻelepani wahine i kā lākou ʻōpio i ka malu o ko lākou kino, a kāpīpī nā mākua iā lākou iho me ke one a ninini lepo paha.
Me ka makahiki, holoi ʻia ka lauoho ma ka ʻili. I nā ʻelepani ʻelemakule, pau loa ka lauoho o ka ʻili, koe wale nō ka palaki ma ka huelo. Hiki i ka lōʻihi o ke kumu i ʻelua mau mika, a ʻo ka nui he 130-140 kilokilo. Hāʻawi ia i nā hana he nui. Me kona kōkua, hiki i nā ʻelepa ke ʻūlū i ka mauʻu, hopu i nā mea like ʻole, hoʻohāinu iā lākou iho me ka wai, a me ka hanu ʻana i loko o ka pahu.
Me ke kōkua o ke kumu, hiki i ka ʻelepani ke hāpai i nā kaupaona o ke kaupaona ʻana a i nā 260 kilogram. He mana ko ka ʻelepani, he koʻi koʻikoʻi. Hiki i kā lākou nui i 60-65 kilogram, a ʻo ko lākou lōʻihi 2-2.5 mika. Hoʻonui mau lākou me ka makahiki. ʻO kēia ʻano ʻelepani he mau kua i nā wahine a me nā kāne ʻelua.
Ma hea e noho ai ka ʻelepani ʻEpelika?
Kiʻi: Elepani ʻApelika Nui
Ma mua, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā lehulehu o nā ʻelepani ʻApelika. No laila, ʻoi aku ka nui a me ka laulā o ko lākou wahi noho. Me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka nui o nā poachers, a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻāina hou e nā kānaka a me ka luku ʻia ʻana o ko lākou wahi maoli, ua emi nui ka pae. I kēia lā, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā ʻelepani ʻApelika e noho nei i nā pāka a me nā mālama ʻāina.
Nā ʻāpana ʻāina o ka wahi o nā ʻelepani ʻApelika.
- Kenia;
- Tanazania;
- Konokō;
- Namibia;
- Senekala;
- Zimababue.
Ma ke ʻano he wahi noho, koho nā ʻelepani ʻApelika i ka panalāʻau o nā ululāʻau, nā ululāʻau, nā wāwae mauna, nā kahawai kahawai, a me nā savannahs. No nā ʻelepani, pono ia ma ka panalāʻau o ko lākou wahi noho kahi kino o ka wai, kahi wahi me ka ulu lāʻau e like me kahi pale mai ka lā ʻā o ʻAmelika. ʻO ka nohona nui o ka ʻelepani ʻEpelika kahi ma ka hema o ka wao akua ʻo Sahara.
Ma mua, ua noho nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana proboscis ma kahi ʻāina nui o 30 miliona mau kilomika kilomika. I kēia lā, ua hoʻemi ʻia i 5.5 miliona mau mika kūlike. He mea maʻamau ʻole ka noho ʻana o nā ʻelepani ʻApelika i hoʻokahi panalāʻau i ko lākou ola a pau. Hiki iā lākou ke neʻe i kahi mamao i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai a i ʻole e pakele ai i ka wela nui.
He aha ka ʻai a ka ʻelepani ʻEpelika?
Kiʻi: puke ʻelepani ʻEpani ʻEpani
Ua manaʻo ʻia nā ʻelepani ʻEpelika nā mea ulu lāʻau. I kā lākou papaʻai wale nō ka meaʻai o nā mea kanu. ʻAi kekahi kanaka makua ma kahi o ʻelua a ʻekolu paha tone o ka meaʻai i kēlā me kēia lā. I kēia pili, ʻai ka ʻelepa i ka meaʻai i ka hapa nui o ka lā. Ma kahi o 15-18 mau hola i hāʻawi ʻia no kēia. ʻOi aku ka makemake o nā kāne i ka meaʻai ma mua o nā wahine. Noho nā ʻelepani i mau hola hou aʻe i ka lā e ʻimi nei i nā mea kanu kūpono. Manaʻo ʻia he aloha pupule nā ʻelepani ʻApelika i ka pī. I ka pio ʻana, ʻoluʻolu loa lākou e hoʻohana. Eia nō naʻe, i nā kūlana kūlohelohe, ʻaʻole lākou e hōʻike hoihoi i ia, a ʻaʻole nānā kikoʻī iā ia.
ʻO ke kumu o ka papaʻai o ka ʻelepani ʻApelika nā ʻōpiopio a me nā lau nahele uliuli, nā aʻa, nā lālā o nā kumulāʻau a me nā ʻano mea ulu like ʻole. I ka wā ua, ʻai nā holoholona i nā ʻano ʻōmaʻomaʻo lush o nā mea kanu. Hiki iā ia ke lilo i papyrus, cattail. ʻO ka poʻe o ka wā kahiko e hānai nui i nā ʻano mea kanu bog. Loaʻa kēia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo me nā makahiki, nalowale nā niho i ko lākou ʻoi a ʻaʻole hiki i nā holoholona ke ʻai ikaika, ʻai nui.
Manaʻo ʻia ka hua he mea ʻoluʻolu kūikawā; hoʻopau nā ʻelepani ululāʻau iā lākou i ka nui. I ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, hiki iā lākou ke komo i ka ʻāina o ka ʻāina mahiʻai a luku i nā hua o nā lāʻau hua. Ma muli o kā lākou nui nui a me ka pono o ka nui o nā meaʻai, hoʻopōʻino lākou i ka ʻāina mahiʻai.
Hoʻomaka nā ʻelepa elepani e ʻai i nā mea kanu kanu ke hiki lākou i ka makahiki ʻelua. Ma hope o ʻekolu mau makahiki, hoʻololi loa lākou i ka papaʻai makua. Koi aku nō nā ʻelepani ʻApelika i ka paʻakai, ka mea i loaʻa iā lākou ma ka palu ʻana i nā licks a me ka ʻeli ʻana i ka lepo. Pono ka Elepani i kahi wai he nui. Ma ka awelika, hoʻopau kekahi kanaka makua i 190-280 liters o ka wai i kēlā me kēia lā. I ka wā o ka maloʻo, ʻeli nā ʻelepa i nā lua nui kokoke i nā moena o ka muliwai, kahi e hoʻonui ai ka wai. I ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, neʻe ka ʻelepani ma kahi mamao loa.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Elepani ulu lāʻau ʻApelika
ʻO nā ʻelepani nā holoholona laka. Noho lākou i nā hui o 15-20 mau mākua. I nā lā kahiko, ke hoʻoweliweli ʻole ʻia nā holoholona i ka make, hiki i ka nui o ka hui ke hiki i nā haneli he nui. Ke neʻe ʻana, ʻākoakoa nā hui liʻiliʻi i nā pūʻā nui.
ʻO ka wahine mau i ke poʻo o nā pua. No ka primacy a me ke alakaʻi, hakakā pinepine nā wahine me kekahi, ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā hui nui i nā liʻiliʻi. Ma hope o ka make, lawe ʻia kahi o ka wahine nui e ka wahine wahine kahiko.
I loko o ka ʻohana, hoʻokō mau ʻia nā kauoha a ka wahine mua loa. I ka hui, a me ka wahine nui, ʻōpio wahine ʻōpio, a me nā kānaka oʻo ʻole o kēlā me kēia ʻano, ola. I ka hōʻea ʻana i 10-11 mau makahiki, kipaku ʻia nā kāne mai ka ʻohana kau. I ka mua, pili lākou i ka ʻohana. A laila hoʻokaʻawale loa lākou a alakaʻi i kahi nohona kaʻawale, a i ʻole hoʻokumu i nā hui kāne.
He mehana a me ka ʻoluʻolu lewa ka hui. He ʻoluʻolu loa nā ʻelepani me kekahi, hōʻike hoʻomanawanui lākou me nā ʻelepani liʻiliʻi. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia lākou e ke kōkua kōkua a me ke kōkua pū. Kākoʻo mau lākou i nā lālā nāwaliwali a maʻi hoʻi o ka ʻohana, kū i nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua i hāʻule ʻole ka holoholona. He mea kupaianaha maoli nō, akā ʻeleu ka ʻelepani e ʻike i kekahi mau manaʻo. Hiki iā lākou ke kaumaha, huhū, luuluu.
He ʻano maʻaleʻale ko ka Elepani honi a me ka lohe, akā maikaʻi ʻole ka maka. He mea nui e hiki i nā lunamaka o ka ʻohana proboscis ke "lohe me ko lākou mau wāwae." Ma nā ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa he mau wahi supersensitive kūikawā e hana ana i ka hana o ke kiʻi ʻana i nā haʻalulu like ʻole, a me ke ʻaoʻao a lākou i hele mai ai.
- ʻAʻau nui nā ʻelepani a aloha wale i nā mālama wai a me ka ʻauʻau ʻana.
- Noho kēlā me kēia ohana i kāna panalāʻau kikoʻī.
- Pili nā holoholona i ke kamaʻilio pū kekahi me kekahi ma ka hoʻopuka ʻana i nā leo pū.
ʻIʻike ʻia nā ʻelepani ʻo ia nā holoholona hiamoe liʻiliʻi loa. ʻAʻole hiamoe nā holoholona nunui ma mua o ʻekolu mau hola i ka lā. Hiamoe lākou i ke kū ʻana, e hana ana i kahi pōʻai. I ka wā hiamoe, huli ke poʻo i ke kikowaena o ka pōʻai.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: ʻApelika Elephant Cub
Hiki i nā wahine a me nā kāne ke oʻo i ka moekolohe i nā makahiki like ʻole. Aia nō ia i ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana o nā holoholona. Hiki i nā kāne ke hōʻea i ka moekolohe ma ka makahiki 14-16, nā wahine ma mua. Pinepine i ka paio no ke kuleana e komo i loko o ka pilina o ka male, hakakā nā kāne, hiki iā lākou ke hōʻeha nui kekahi i kekahi. Mālama nā Elepani e nānā nani loa kekahi i kekahi. ʻO ka ʻelepani a me ka ʻelepa, nā mea i hana i kahi pālua, neʻe pū aku mai kahi aku o ka pipi. Kūlou lākou i kekahi i kekahi me kā lākou kumu, e hōʻike ana i ko lākou minamina a me ka palupalu.
ʻAʻohe kau moʻo no nā holoholona. Hiki iā lākou ke hānau i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka makahiki. I ka wā o ka male, hiki iā lākou ke hōʻike i ka huhū ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe testosterone pae. Hāpai ka hāpai i 22 mau mahina. I ka wā hāpai, pale a kōkua nā ʻelepani wahine ʻē aʻe o ka pipi i ka makuahine e hāpai ana. Ma hope iho, e lawe lākou i kahi o ka mālama ʻana o ka ʻelepani pēpē ma luna o lākou iho.
Ke hoʻokokoke nei ka hānau ʻana, haʻalele ka ʻelepani i ka pūʻā a hoʻi i kahi mehameha a mehameha. Hele pū ʻia me ia me kekahi ʻelepani i kapa ʻia ʻo "palekeiki." Hānau ka ʻelepani i hoʻokahi cub. ʻO ke kaupaona o kahi hānau hou e pili ana i kahi kikowaena, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe ma kahi o hoʻokahi mika. ʻAʻohe o nā pēpē a me kahi kumu liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. Ma hope o 20-25 mau minuke, piʻi ka cub i kona mau wāwae.
Noho nā ʻelepani pēpē me ko lākou makuahine no 4-5 mau makahiki o ke ola. Hoʻohana ʻia ka waiū o ka makuahine ma ke ʻano he kumu waiwai nui nā meaʻai no nā makahiki ʻelua.
Ma hope aku, hoʻomaka nā pēpē e ʻai i nā meaʻai kanu. Hoʻopuka kēlā me kēia elepani wahine i nā keiki i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia 3-9 mau makahiki. ʻO ka hiki ke hānai i nā keiki a hala nā makahiki 55-60. ʻO ke ola maʻamau o nā elepani ʻApelika i nā kūlana kūlohelohe he 65-80 mau makahiki.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā ʻelepani ʻEpelika
Kiʻi: ʻEpani elepani ʻApelika mai ka Red Book
Ke noho nei i nā kūlana kūlohelohe, ʻaʻohe ʻenemi o ka ʻelepa ma waena o nā ʻelele o ka honua holoholona. ʻO ka ikaika, ka mana, a me ka nui nui ʻaʻole e waiho i nā predator ikaika a wikiwiki hoʻi i kahi manawa kūpono e alualu ai iā ia. ʻO nā kānaka nāwaliwali a i ʻole nā ʻelepani liʻiliʻi hiki ke lilo i waiwai pio o nā holoholona holoholona. Hiki i kēlā mau kānaka ke lilo i pio no nā cheetah, liona, leopadi.
I kēia lā ʻo ka ʻenemi wale nō a weliweli loa ke kanaka. Ua ʻumeʻume mau ka ʻelepani i nā mea ʻai holoholona i pepehi iā lākou no kā lākou mau kua. Nui ka waiwai o nā tusf elephant. Ua mahalo nui ʻia lākou i nā manawa āpau. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou e hana i nā mea hoʻomanaʻo waiwai, nā mea hoʻonaninani, nā mea hoʻonaninani, a pēlā aku.
Hoʻohui ʻia kahi hōʻemi nui o ka nohona me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā panalāʻau he nui aku. Ke ulu mau nei ka lehulehu o ʻApelika. Me kona ulu ʻana, pono ka nui o ka ʻāina no ka hale a me ka mahiʻai. Ma kēia mea, ke luku ʻia nei ka ʻāina o ko lākou wahi maoli a ke emi nei me ka wikiwiki.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Elepani ʻApelika
I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole hoʻoweliweli ʻia nā ʻelepani ʻApelika me ka luku loa ʻia, akā manaʻo ʻia lākou he laha ʻole, he ʻano holoholona holoholona ʻaneʻane pau mua. ʻO ka luku nui ʻana o nā holoholona i nā mea ʻai holoholona i kaulana i ka waena o 19 a me nā kenekulia 20 i hala. I loko o kēia wā, ua hōʻemi ʻia hoʻokahi haneli tausani ʻelepa i luku ʻia e ka poʻe mākaʻi holoholona. He waiwai keu nā ʻelemu.
Ua mahalo nui ʻia nā kī piano Ivory. Eia hou, ua ʻae ka nui o kaʻiʻo i kahi nui o ka poʻe e ʻai no ka manawa lōʻihi. ʻO kaʻiʻo Elephant ka maloʻo nui. ʻO nā mea hoʻonani a me nā mea o ka hale i hana ʻia mai ka lauoho a me ka huelo. ʻO nā lālā i lawelawe i ke kumu no ka hana ʻana i ka pahu.
Aia nā ʻelepani ʻApelika ma ke kapekepeke o ka make. E pili ana i kēia, ua helu ʻia nā holoholona i ka International Red Book. Ua hāʻawi ʻia lākou i ke kūlana o "endangered species". I ka makahiki 1988, ua kapu loa ka ʻimi ʻana i nā ʻelepani ʻApelika.
ʻO ka hana hewa i kēia kānāwai ka mea i hewa ai. Hoʻomaka ka poʻe e hana i nā hana e mālama ai i nā lehulehu, a e hoʻonui ai hoʻi iā lākou. Hoʻomaka e hana ʻia nā mālama kūlohelohe a me nā pāka aupuni, ma ka panalāʻau o nā ʻelepani i pale pono ʻia. Ua hana lākou i nā kūlana maikaʻi no ka hānau ʻana i ka pio.
I ka makahiki 2004, ua hoʻololi ka ʻelepani ʻEpelika i kona kūlana mai ka "endangered species" i ka "species rentable" i loko o ka International Red Data Book. I kēia lā, hele mai ka poʻe mai ka honua holoʻokoʻa i nā pāka aupuni ʻApelika e ʻike ai i kēia mau holoholona kupaianaha. Hoʻolahalaha ka Ecotourism e pili ana i nā ʻelepani i mea e ʻumeʻume ai i ka nui o nā kipa a me nā mākaʻikaʻi.
Pale pale ʻelepani ʻApelika
Kiʻi: Elepani ʻApelika holoholona
I mea e mālama ai i nā ʻelepani ʻApelika ma ke ʻano he laha, pāpā ʻia ka ʻimi ʻana i nā holoholona i ka pae kānāwai. ʻO ka lawaiʻa ʻana a me ka haki ʻana i ke kānāwai kahi lawehala. Ma nā ʻāina o ka ʻāina ʻApelika, ua hana ʻia nā puʻuwai a me nā pāka aupuni, nona nā kūlana āpau no ka hana hou a me ka noho ʻoluʻolu o nā ʻelele o ka ʻohana proboscis.
ʻ claimlelo nā Zoologists ʻaneʻane kokoke ʻekolu mau makahiki e hoʻihoʻi i kahi kau o 15-20 mau kānaka.I ka makahiki 1980, he 1.5 miliona ka nui o nā holoholona. Ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o lākou e luku ʻia e ka poʻe mākaʻi holoholona, hāʻule nui kā lākou helu. Ma 2014, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui o kā lākou helu i 350,000.
I mea e mālama ai i nā holoholona, ua hoʻokomo ʻia lākou i loko o ka puke Red international. Eia hou, ua hoʻoholo nā luna Kina e haʻalele i ka hana ʻana i nā mea hoʻomanaʻo a me nā figurine, a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe mai nā wahi like ʻole o ke kino o ka holoholona. Ma ka US, ua haʻalele nā wahi he 15 i ke kālepa ʻana i nā huahana niho ʻelepani.
Elepani ʻApelika - hahau kēia holoholona i ka manaʻo me kona nui a ma ka manawa like me ka mālie a me ke aloha. I kēia lā, ʻaʻole hoʻoweliweli ʻia kēia holoholona me ka luku loa ʻia, akā i nā kūlana kūlohelohe hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou i ka manawa iki loa.
Lā paʻi: 09.02.2019
Lā hou: 16.09.2019 ma 15:52
