Bea bear manaʻo ʻia ʻo kekahi o nā māmela nui loa ma ka honua. Ma waho, he holoholona kaumaha ʻo ia, clumsy a clumsy. ʻAʻole naʻe ia. Manaʻo kūpono ʻia ka mammal ma ke ʻano he haku o ka wahi taiga mānoanoa. ʻOluʻolu a pūʻiwa ka mana a me ka hanohano o kahi noho nahele. I ka nui, hoʻokahi wale nō predator o ka ʻohana bear hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia iā ia - ka bear polar keʻokeʻo.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Wahi a nā ʻepekema a me nā archaeologists, ua ulu nā bear mai nā martens kahiko ma kahi o 3-4 miliona mau makahiki i hala. ʻO nā koena o kahi ʻano kūpuna i loaʻa i ka panalāʻau o Palani hou. He bea meli liʻiliʻi ia. Ua lilo kēia ʻano i holoholona holoholona ʻaihue ʻoi aku ka nui - ka bear Etruscan. Ua pālahalaha kona ʻāina i ʻEulopa a me Kina. Maliʻa, ʻo ia kēia ʻano i lilo i hoʻokumu i nā bea nui ʻeleʻele. Ma kahi o 1.8-2 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua ʻike ʻia nā mea hōkai o ke ana o ka ʻohana bear. Mai iā lākou i hoʻomaka ai nā bear brown a me nā polar, a mahele ʻia i nā ʻāpana he nui.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Ke kuʻi nei ka hiʻohiʻona o ka mea ʻino i kona nui a me kona mana. ʻO ke kaupaona o hoʻokahi kanaka makua a hiki i 300-500 kilogram, a ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino a i ʻelua mau mika. Noho ka lunamakaʻāinana nui loa o kēia ʻano i ka zoo ma ke kapikala o Kelemania. ʻO 775 kilokilo kona kaumaha. ʻOi aku ka nui a me ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine ma kahi o ʻelua mau manawa. He kino kino barela ko ke kino, mae wale. ʻO nā lālā ikaika, hoʻomohala ʻia he ʻelima mau manamana a me nā māiʻuʻu nunui a 15 cm ka lōʻihi. Aia kahi huelo pōʻai liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ʻelua mau kenimika. ʻO kahi poʻo nui me kahi ʻaoʻao ākea ākea he ihu elongated, nā maka liʻiliʻi a me nā pepeiao.
ʻO ka mānoanoa a me ke kala o ke kapa komo i ka ʻāina o ka nohona. He molt nā bear i ke kauwela. I ke kau anuanu, a i ka wā o ka male, ikaika loa ka bea. Noho nā Predators ma kahi o ʻeono mau mahina i ka moeʻuhane. Piʻi lākou i ka lua, ʻōwili i kahi pōpō. Kaomi ʻia nā lālā hope i ka ʻōpū, uhi au i ka waha a me nā mea mua.
Ma hea e noho ai ka bear brown?
He holoholona nahele ka pea ʻeleʻele. Noho ia i nā ululāʻau paʻa me nā lau nahele uliuli. ʻO nā wahi e like me tundra, taiga, nā pae mauna kahi kūpono no nā mea ʻaihue clubfoot. Ma mua, ua moe ka wahi mai ʻEnelani a Kina a me Iāpana. I kēia lā, ma muli o ka luku ʻia o nā laha, ua emi nui ka nohona. Noho wale nā bear ma nā panalāʻau o Rukia, ʻĀkau, Kazakhstan, Kanada. Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, uhi kahi bear i kahi o 70 a 150 mau kilomita.
- ʻĀpana hikina o ka taiga Siberian;
- Monokolia;
- Pakitana;
- ʻIrana;
- Kōlea;
- Apekanikana;
- Kina;
- ʻO ka wāwae o ka Pamir, Tien Shan, Himalayas;
- Kasakana.
ʻAneʻane noho nā bea āpau i kahi kokoke i nā kumu wai hāmama.
He aha ka mea e ʻai ai ka bea ʻeleʻele?
ʻO ka bea ʻeleʻele ma ke ʻano he holoholona holoholona wale. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā mākou ke kāhea wiwo ʻole iā ia he holoholona omnivorous. ʻAi ʻo ia i nā meaʻai mea kanu i ka hapa nui o ka makahiki. ʻO ia nā mea ulu e kokoke ana i 70% o ka papaʻai holoʻokoʻa o kahi mea ʻino. ʻO ke kūʻana o nā pākuʻi liʻiliʻi a me nā kolo, ʻaʻole i kāpae ʻia nā larvae i ka papaʻai.
Ma ke kūlohelohe, hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau holoholona i ka hiki ke lawaiʻa. I ka pilina me kēia, aia he kokoke mau kahi kumu wai i ka wahi noho, kahi e hiki ai i ka bea ke hopu iʻa. He mana ikaika, ikaika a hoʻomohala nui ʻia ka predator. Me ka pā o hoʻokahi paw mua, hiki iā ia ke pepehi i kahi elk, puaʻa hihiu a dia paha. ʻO ka manawa pinepine, ʻo nā mea ʻona mammal herbivorous liʻiliʻi e like me nā hares a me nā raccoons e lilo i mea waiwai.
I nā moʻolelo Lūkini, ʻike ʻia ka bear brown me he niho momona a aloha i ka meli. A he ʻoiaʻiʻo. Nanea maoli ʻo ia i ka meli o nā pi ʻāhiu.
ʻO ke kumu o ka papaʻai o kahi bear brown:
- nā hua nahele, nā hua nui raspberry, lingonberry, blueberry, strawberry;
- palaʻai;
- kulina;
- iʻa;
- nā māmele liʻiliʻi a me waena - nā hares, nā puaʻa hihiu, nā kao, nā dia;
- nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻiole, nā iole, nā rana, nā moʻo;
- nāhelehele ulu - nā nati, nā acorn.
He mana kūlohelohe ka bea e hoʻopili pono i nā kūlana. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻomanawanui i ka pōloli, a ola i ka hala ʻole o ka ʻiʻo a me ka iʻa. Mālama ʻo ia i nā lako. ʻO ka mea a ka holoholona e ʻai ʻole ai, hūnā ia i nā ulu lāʻau o nā mea ulu o ka nahele, a laila ʻai ia. ʻAʻole ia he mea paʻakikī ʻaʻole paʻakikī iā lākou e ʻimi i nā waihona a lākou i hana ai, ʻoiai he hoʻomanaʻo hoʻomanaʻo hoʻomohala maikaʻi kā lākou.
Hiki ke loaʻa nā meaʻai ma ka pō a ma ke ao. He mea maʻamau ʻole iā lākou e hoʻomohala i kahi hoʻolālā hopu holoholona, alualu i ka mea pio, a hoʻouka. ʻO ka hemahema wale nō ka mea hiki ke kaomi i ka bea i kahi ʻanuʻu. I ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, hiki iā lākou ke hele pinepine i nā wahi noho kanaka a hoʻopau i nā holoholona kūloko.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
ʻOiai ko lākou nui a me nā clumsiness o waho, maikaʻi loa nā bear bear a ʻaneʻane kokoke i nā holoholona hāmau. ʻO nā Predators nā holoholona mehameha. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ko lākou wahi noho ma waena o nā mākua. Uhi kahi kāne i kahi o 50 a 150 mau kilomika kilomika. Noho nā kāne ma kahi o 2-3 mau manawa i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā wahine. Kaha kēlā me kēia kanaka i kona panalāʻau me ka mimi, nā mākia māiʻu ma luna o nā kumu lāʻau.
Hoʻoikaika nui ka bear bear i ke ao, ʻo ka mea nui i ke kakahiaka nui. Hiki ke holo wikiwiki, hiki i nā wikiwiki a hiki i 45-55 km / h. ʻIke ʻo ia i ka piʻi i nā kumulāʻau, ʻauʻau, huakaʻi i kahi mamao. He ʻala maikaʻi loa ka mea ʻino. Hiki iā ia ke honi i ka ʻiʻo ma kahi mamao a ʻekolu mau kilomita.
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia mau holoholona e kahi nohona kau. I ke kau mahana, alakaʻi nā holoholona i kahi nohona ola, neʻe i waena o nā ulu lāʻau. I ke kau anuanu, hiamoe nā bear i nā ana. I ka hāʻule, hoʻomaka nā bea e hoʻomākaukau no ka hibernation, hoʻonohonoho i kahi no kēia, a me ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka momona subcutaneous. Kū ka hibernation mai hoʻokahi a ʻehā a ʻelima mau mahina. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka helu o nā puʻuwai puʻuwai, ka hanu a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hanu ʻana o ka arterial i ka wā o ka hibernation i ka loli. I ka wā hibernation, lilo ka holoholona i ka nui o ke kaupaona - a i 60-70 kilokilo.
Mālama nui nā bea i ke koho ʻana i kahi e hiamoe ai i ka hoʻoilo. He wahi kaʻawale ia, noho mālie a maloʻo hoʻi. E mahana a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi ka lua. Hoʻopili nā bea i ka lalo o ko lākou wahi hoʻomoana me nā limu maloʻo. I ka wā hiamoe, mālama lākou i ka makaʻala, hiamoe ka hiamoe. Maʻalahi lākou e hoʻopilikia a ala aʻe.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Hoʻomaka ka wā moena no nā bear brown i ka hopena o ka puna a mau no kekahi mau mahina. Kūleʻa loa nā kāne i kēia wā. Kūleʻa lākou i kekahi i kekahi a hakakā ikaika no ka manawa kūpono e hoa me nā wahine. Pēlā nō, hoʻopuka nā kāne i kahi leo nui, huhū. ʻO nā wahine hoʻi, komo koke i ka male me kekahi mau kāne i ka manawa hoʻokahi.
Hānau ka bea i nā keiki ma kahi o hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia 2-3 mau makahiki. ʻO ka manawa hānau ma kahi o ʻelua haneli mau lā. Hoʻoulu ka ʻōpū i ka ʻōpū o ka wahine wale nō i ka manawa o ka hibernation. ʻO ka hapanui pinepine, hānau ʻia he ʻelua a ʻekolu paha mau keiki i ka waena, a i ʻole kokoke i ka hopena o ka hoʻoilo. ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kaupaona o hoʻokahi pēpē ma mua o 500 gram, ʻo 22-24 cm ka lōʻihi.
ʻIke a lohe nā keiki hānau hou i ka mea ʻole. Hoʻolālā maikaʻi ʻole ʻia ka lauoho. Ma hope o 10-12 mau lā, hoʻomaka nā keiki e lohe, ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina - e ʻike. Hānai ka bear-bear i kāna keiki me ka waiū ma ka lua no ʻekolu a ʻehā mau mahina. I kēia makahiki, he niho ko nā keiki, a ʻae lākou e hoʻonui i kā lākou papaʻai. Eia nō naʻe, me ke ʻano o nā niho, ʻaʻole kū nā keiki i ka hānai ʻana i ka waiū o ka makuahine. Lawelawe ia ma ke ʻano he kumu meaʻai no 1.5-2.5 mau makahiki.
Aia nā keiki ma lalo o ka mālama o ko lākou makuahine a hiki i ka 3-4 mau makahiki o ko lākou makuahine. I kēia manawa, hiki i ka wā ʻōpio a hoʻomaka i kahi ola kūʻokoʻa. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole pau ka manawa ulu, hoʻomau ia no 6-7 mau makahiki.
Hana ka wahine i ka hānai ʻana a mālama ʻana i nā pēpē. ʻO ka bear pestun, he wahine makua mai nā keiki i hala, a komo pū kekahi i kēia kaʻina hana. Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, ola kahi bear brown no kahi o 25-30 mau makahiki. Ke noho pio nei, hiki i ka manaʻolana ke ola ke pāpālua.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o ka bea ʻeleʻele
ʻO ka ʻenemi kūlohelohe o kahi mea ʻaihue ke kanaka a me kāna mau hana. Inā kū ia i nā kūlana kūlohelohe, ʻaʻohe ʻenemi ʻē aʻe o ka holoholona. ʻAʻohe holoholona e ʻaʻa e hoʻouka i ka bea. ʻAʻohe mea ʻē aʻe i ka ikaika a me ka mana e hoʻopio iā ia.
I kēia lā ua helu ʻia ka bear bear i loko o ka Red Book ma ke ʻano he ʻano ʻane make. Ua kū kēia hanana ma muli o ka hopena o ka hana a ke kanaka. ʻO ke kī ʻana o nā mākua, a me ka hopu ʻana i nā keiki, manaʻo nui ʻia he trophy elite no nā mea ʻai holoholona. ʻO kaʻili o ka holoholona, a me kaʻiʻo a me ka bile, mahalo nui ʻia.
Kūʻai aku nā Poachers i kaʻiʻo ma ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe i nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻoihana ʻaina. Kūʻai ʻia nā ʻili e like me nā mea maka no ke kāpeti. ʻO ka momona momona a me ka bile i koi ʻia i ka ʻoihana lāʻau no ka hana ʻana i nā huahana lāʻau.
I ka wā ma mua, ua pālahalaha nā bea a loaʻa ʻaneʻane i nā wahi āpau. Ma nā moku Pelekane, ʻo ka mea hope loa o kēia mau mea i luku ʻia i ka 20 kenekulia. I ʻEulopa, i ke kikoʻī, ma ka panalāʻau o Kelemania, ua nalowale kēia ʻano ma kahi o hoʻokahi haneli mau makahiki i hala. Ma ka hikina hema o ka ʻāina ʻo ʻEulopa, loaʻa nā bea i nā helu hoʻokahi. ʻOiai ʻo ka inoa o kahi ʻohana bear i helu ʻia i loko o ka Red Book, hoʻomau ka poʻe poacher i ka luku ʻana i nā ʻelele o ka laha.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
I kēia lā, helu ʻia ka bear bear i ka Red Book. He kūlana ko ka heluna kanaka o kekahi lāhui ʻaneʻane pau mua. I kēia lā i ka honua aia ma kahi o 205,000 mau kānaka. Ma kahi o 130,000 e noho nei i ka Russian Federation.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka bear bear, e hilinaʻi ana i ka nohona, i mau ʻāpana ʻē aʻe:
Bea o Siberia... Manaʻo kūpono ʻia ʻo ia ka haku o nā ululāʻau taika Siberia.
ʻO Atlas Bear... I kēia lā ua ʻae ʻia ia he subspecies pau ʻole. Ua hoʻolaha ʻia ka nohona mai Morocco a hiki i Libia, ma ka ʻāpana ʻo Atlas Mountains.
Bea bear. Ua luku loa ʻia e ka poʻe ʻimi holoholona a me nā mea ʻalualu holoholona. Ua manaʻo ʻia he ʻāpana hoʻohui o ka flora a me nā holoholona o Kaleponi.
Bear ussuri... ʻOkoʻa i ka nui akahai a me ka pouli, ʻaneʻane ʻeleʻele kala.
Bea Tibeta... ʻO kekahi o nā lunamakaʻāinana koʻikoʻi loa. Ua loaʻa ka inoa o nā subspecies mai ka noho ʻana ma ka pā Tibeta.
Kodiak. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka predator nui loa. Ua loaʻa nā inoa i nā mea kōkua i ke ʻano o ka ʻāina - nā mokupuni o ka pae ʻāina ʻo Kodiak. ʻO ka nui o hoʻokahi kanaka makua a ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻehā haneli kilokika.
Pale pale bear
I mea e mālama ai i ka laha, ua helu ʻia ka bear brown i ka Red Book. Papa loa ʻia ka ʻimi ʻana iā ia. ʻO ka hōʻeha i kēia koi kahi hana hewa. Ma nā panalāʻau o ka Lūkia Hui Pū ʻIa, hānai ʻia nā bea pala ma lalo o nā kūlana hana a hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka nāhelehele.
I ka makahiki 1975, ua hoʻoholo ʻia kahi ʻaelike ma waena o ka USSR, ʻEnelani, Kanada, Denmark, Norewai e hana i nā hana i mea e mālama ai a hoʻonui ai i nā lāhui.
I ka makahiki 1976, ua mālama ʻia kahi mālama no nā bea ʻeleʻele ma Wrangel Island.
ʻO kekahi o nā predator nani loa, ikaika a hanohano. Bea bear... ʻO kāna ʻano, ʻano ʻokoʻa kona ʻano ponoʻī. ʻO ia ke kumu e hana nui ʻia ai i kēia lā e mālama i kēia laha.
Lā paʻi: 25.01.2019
Lā hou: 17.09.2019 ma 10:18
