Me ka ulu wikiwiki o ka holomua ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana, ua hoʻemi ʻia nā heluna o nā holoholona hihiu nani i ka liʻiliʻi a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui. Nalo nā holoholona nani he nui. Akā ua hōʻoia ke kūlohelohe i kēlā me kēia mea ola ma ka Honua e ʻoluʻolu, e hana ana i nā kūlana kūpono āpau no kēia. ʻO ke ʻano wale nō o nā lāhui a me nā subspecies o ko mākou mau kaikaina liʻiliʻi, kā lākou kikoʻī a me ka lawena. ʻO kekahi o nā hana kupaianaha o ka nahelehele ʻo ia hoʻokahi kāmelo puʻupuʻu, i kapa ʻia ʻo dromedar a i ʻole arabian.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
ʻAʻohe hiʻohiʻona o ke kāmelo puʻupuʻu hoʻokahi, mai kona hoa - ka kāmelo humped ʻelua, nā hiʻohiʻona, akā aia nō kekahi mau ʻokoʻa. Ma muli o ka like o nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua, hōʻike ʻia kahi hopena e pili ana i kā lākou pili. Nui nā manaʻo ʻē aʻe o ke kumu o kēia subspecies, akā ʻae ʻia ka mea aʻe: ua noho kekahi kamelo ma ʻAmelika Hema (ʻo ia paha ka hanauna o nā ʻano Camelus holoʻokoʻa). I ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai a me kahi nohona ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ua hōʻea ʻo ia i Eurasia, kahi i hoʻomaka ai ka Bactrians a me Dromedars. Wahi a kekahi mana, he kāmelo ahiu ka kūpuna o kēia ʻano i puka mai nā wahi wao nahele o ʻArabia, a i mālama ʻia e nā Bedouins. Ua hoʻokahe koke kona mau kūpuna iā Turkmenistan a me Uzbekistan, e hoʻokaʻawale ana i 2 mau ʻāpana.
Video: Kāmelo puʻupaʻa hoʻokahi
I ka wā kahiko, noho wale nā ʻohana ʻelua i ka nāhelehele, a he lehulehu nā holoholona a lākou. ʻOiai he nui nā ʻepekema e manaʻoʻiʻo ʻaʻole maoli kahi dromedaries hihiu i kūlohelohe. ʻO ka hōʻoia o kēia ka hapa o nā holoholona i koe, akā aia kekahi mau hōʻike o ko lākou ola. Hoʻokahi laʻana o nā kiʻi o nā kāmelo humped hoʻokahi ma luna o nā pōhaku a me nā pōhaku. Ua loaʻa ka heluna nui o nā dromedaries ma nā wahi wao nahele ma ʻApelika ʻĀkau a me ka Hikina Waena.
ʻO nā kūpuna hihiu o ke kāmelo humped hoʻokahi i hānai wikiwiki ʻia e nā kamaʻāina o nā wahi e puni ana, ka poʻe i mahalo koke i nā pono o kēia ʻano. Ma muli o kā lākou nui ākea, ka hiki ke halihali a me ke ahonui, ua hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻohana i ka ikaika traction, no ka huakaʻi hele lōʻihi ma nā ala wela a me nā maloʻo a me nā mauna. Ma mua, ua hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia mau mea lawelawe no nā pūʻali koa, a no laila hoʻolaha nui ʻia ka ʻike e pili ana i ka holoholona paʻakikī a unpretentious hoʻi i waena o ko ʻEulopa i ka wā o nā hakakā pūʻali koa.
Hoʻolahalaha ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o nā kāmelo humped i waena o nā lāhui o India, Turkmenistan a me nā panalāʻau e pili ana. ʻAʻole like me nā hoa humped ʻelua, ua lilo nā holoholona hihiu o nā dromedaries i mea nui loa, a noho nui lākou i nā wahi waena o ʻAukekulelia.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
ʻO nā holoholona kupaianaha, ʻokoʻa ka poʻe Bactrians kaulana, hāʻawi ʻia i hoʻokahi puʻupuʻu wale nō, nona ka inoa i kapa ʻia ai lākou. Ke hoʻohālikelike nei i nā ʻāpana 2 o kahi ʻano nui o nā kāmelo kūpono, nā hiʻohiʻona kūwaho kūwaho o dromedars, me ka hoʻohui ʻana i hoʻokahi puʻupuʻu ma kahi o ʻelua, i ʻike maka ʻia e ka maka ʻōlohelohe:
- Nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka kāmelo humped he haʻahaʻa ka ulu a me nā palena kaulike i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me kāna mea pili loa. Hoʻololi kona kaumaha mai 300 a 600 kg (ʻo ka awelika o ke kāne he 500 kg), ʻo kona kiʻekiʻe mai 2 a 3 mau mika, a ʻo kona lōʻihi mai 2 a 3.5 m. ʻO nā palena like i nā Bactrians he ʻoi aku nā kiʻekiʻe.
- Tail a me nā wāwae. ʻO Dromedar kahi huelo pōkole, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku kona lōʻihi i 50 cm. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kona kino, akā ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o kona mau wāwae ma mua o ka hoa. Mahalo i kēia mau hiʻohiʻona, ʻike ʻia ke kāmelo humped hoʻokahi e ka maneuverability ʻoi aku ka nui a me ka wikiwiki o ka neʻe.
- Ka ʻāʻī a me ke poʻo. He ʻāʻī lōʻihi kēia subspecies a me kahi poʻo ellated elongated. Ma waho aʻe o ka lehelehe forked, hāʻawi ʻia ka dromedar me kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe - nā puka ihu, ka wehe a me ka pani ʻana e kāohi kūʻokoʻa ia. ʻO nā kāmelo puʻupuʻu hoʻokahi, he mau maka maka lōʻihi kona i hiki ke pale aku i nā maka o nā one liʻiliʻi loa.
- Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano o nā wāwae. Ma waho aʻe o ka mea ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā wāwae o kēia kāmele kāmelo, uhi pū ʻia lākou me nā ulu kulina kūikawā i nā wahi o nā kakaka. Uhi ka ulu like i nā wahi he nui o ke kino. ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa o nā kāmelo humped ʻelima nā padlo callouse palupalu ma nā wāwae, e pani ana i nā kuʻi, ma kahi o nā manamana wāwae ʻelua.
- Uhi huluhulu. ʻIke ʻia kēia ʻano no kona lauoho pōkole, kahi e hoʻohālikelike ʻole ʻia ai i nā anuanu anuanu. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka pale a mānoanoa i kekahi mau wahi o ke kino: ma ka ʻāʻī, hoʻi a luna o ke poʻo. ʻO ke kala o nā kāmelo humped ʻekahi mai nā brown brown, ke one a hiki i ka brown brown, a me ke keʻokeʻo. ʻOiai kākaʻikahi loa ka albino dromedaries.
A ʻo nā kāmele bactrian hoʻi, ʻike ʻia kēia mau subspecies o lākou e ka hoʻomanawanui kūikawā ʻana i nā aniau maloʻo. Loaʻa kēia i ka hiki i nā jellyfish ke mālama i ka makū a loaʻa kahi puʻupuʻu, kahi i loaʻa ka nui o nā momona. Hāʻawi kēia mea i ka uku wikiwiki o nā kumuwaiwai, e hāʻawi ana i ke kino o ka holoholona me ka ikaika e pono ai.
Ma hea e noho ai ke kāmelo puʻupuʻu hoʻokahi?
Paʻa paʻakikī kēia mau mea hana a hoʻololi i nā maloʻo nui. ʻO kēia kumu ma muli o kāna ʻano physiological. ʻO ia ke kumu e noho ai nā dromedars ma nā ʻĀkau o ʻApelika ʻĀkau, ka Hikina Waena, ʻo Turkestan, ʻo ʻAkia Liʻiliʻi a me ʻAkia Waena, ʻIrana, Pakistan.
ʻO ke kūpaʻa o nā kāmelo humped hoʻokahi e kuhikuhi ʻia e kekahi mau hana kikoʻī o ko lākou kino.
- ʻo ka mākū e pono ai ka holoholona e mālama i ke ola ʻaʻole mālama ʻia i ka puʻu, akā i ka ʻōpū;
- Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā hana hakuʻala o kēia mau mea e hoʻonui i ka make wai ʻana o ka mimi i hemo ʻia, a pēlā e mālama ai i ka makū;
- pale ka lauoho holoholona i ka mahuʻi o ka waiū;
- ʻokoʻa ka hana o nā ʻūlū ʻaʻā mai nā māmela ʻē aʻe (e emi ka mahana o ke kino i ka pō, a noho mau i loko o nā palena maʻamau no ka manawa lōʻihi). Hoʻomaka ke kuʻi kuʻi i ka mahana wale nō o + 40 ℃ a ma luna;
- Hiki i nā dromedaries ke hoʻopiha koke i nā mālama o ka wai kūpono a hiki ke inu mai 50 a 100 liters o ka wai i ka manawa i loko o kekahi mau minuke.
Mahalo ia i kēia mau hiʻohiʻona i mea nui ka kamelo humped hoʻokahi no ka poʻe Arab e noho ana i nā wahi wao akua. Hoʻohana ʻia kona ʻano kūikawā ʻaʻole wale i ka neʻe ʻana o nā mea kaumaha a me ka poʻe, akā i ka mahiʻai hoʻi.
He aha ka ʻai a ke kāmelo puʻupuʻu hoʻokahi?
Ma waho aʻe o ka mea hiki i kēia subspecies ke hana me ka ʻole o ka wai no ka manawa lōʻihi me ka hōʻino ʻole i ka hana o ke kino holoʻokoʻa, he unpretentious hoʻi ia i ka meaʻai. Drumedaries he mea hānai mammal, a, no laila, hāʻawi ʻia me kahi hanana kūikawā o ka ʻōpū, nona nā keʻena he nui a he nui nā glands. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻōnaehana digestive e ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka ʻai maoli ʻana o nā mea kanu i hana ʻole ʻia e komo i kahi o ka ʻōpū mua. Ma laila e hana ai ke kaʻina hana o kāna digestion hope loa.
ʻO ka papaʻai o ke kāmelo hoʻokahi-humped ʻaʻole wale ia he unpretentious, akā ʻaʻole kūpono ʻole hoʻi no nā mea kanu lāʻau ʻē aʻe. Ma waho aʻe o nā mea kanu maloʻo a me nā lāʻau ʻoʻoi, hiki i nā dromedaries ke hoʻopau i nā lāʻau liʻiliʻi a me ka semi-shrub solyanka. I nā kūlana kūikawā, i ka loaʻa ʻole o nā kumu meaʻai, hiki i nā kāmelo ke hānai i nā iwi a me nā ʻili o nā holoholona, a hiki i nā huahana i hana ʻia mai iā lākou. Ma lalo o nā kūlana o ka ʻike i loko o ka hale, ʻo nā mea ʻai punahele a nā mea lawelawe he barnyard, lau lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo, saxaul, ʻohe, mauʻu, ʻoka. I ka nāhelehele, hoʻopihapiha nā kāmelo pākahi i ko lākou pono mau no ka paʻakai ma o lākou iho, me ka hoʻopiha hou ʻana i nā waihona wai i nā wao akua. Pono nā holoholona kūloko i ka paʻakai ma lalo o kā lākou mau holoholona hihiu, akā hōʻole pinepine lākou e inu i ka wai paʻakai. I kēlā mau hihia, hāʻawi ʻia ka paʻakai i nā kāmelo ma ke ʻano o nā kī paʻakai kūikawā.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kūʻokoʻa o nā ʻelele āpau o ka ʻohana kāmelo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo no ka manawa lōʻihi ʻaʻole pono lākou i nā kumuwaiwai wale nō, akā i ka meaʻai pū kekahi. Hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻāpana i ka hiki ke noho me ka ʻole o ka meaʻai no ka manawa lōʻihi, ma muli o nā waihona momona i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i ka puʻu. Hiki i nā kāmelo pupuʻu hoʻokahi ke pōloli i mau pule a maʻa i kekahi meaʻai. ʻO ka manawa pinepine, ʻaʻole hopena ka hopena pōloli lōʻihi i ka hana o ka meaola dromedary ma mua o kā lākou hānai nui ʻana.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
He holoholona lohi ʻo ke Kāmelo. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o kā lākou hana ke ola nei lākou e like me ka hana maʻamau o kēlā me kēia lā, me ka haʻalele ʻole iā ia. ʻO kēia ka mea e hiki ai iā lākou ke mālama i ka ikehu a me ka hou. ʻOiai kā lākou hana sedentary, hiki i nā mea kōkua ke hoʻololi i kēlā me kēia lā ma kahi mamao. Ua hāʻawi ko mākou mau kūpuna Slavic kahiko i ka huaʻōlelo "kāmelo" me ke ʻano "auwana lōʻihi".
I ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, aia nā dromedaries i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi, a i ke ao a me ka pō e hoʻomaha ai lākou ma nā wahi ākea o nā puʻu one. Holo nā kāmelo pākahi ma ka awelika o ka wikiwiki ma kahi o 10 km / h, akā, inā pono, hiki iā lākou ke holo (ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 30 km / h). ʻO ia ka wikiwiki hiki, akā no ka manawa lōʻihi ʻaʻole hiki i ke kāmelo ke holo wale.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe o lākou ka hihiʻo maikaʻi loa, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke ʻike i ka weliweli e hele mai ana mai kahi mamao loa. Ke komo koke ke kanaka, no ka laʻana, i ke kahua kāmelo o ka hihiʻo, haʻalele ʻo ia i ka manawa ma mua o kona kokoke ʻana. I kahi kūlana maʻamau, mālie ka ʻohana dromedary - kūʻē ʻole kekahi i kekahi. Akā i ka wā rutting, hiki i nā kāne ke hōʻike i ka huhū i nā kāne ʻē aʻe, e hakakā ana no ka male ʻana me hoʻokahi a i ʻole wahine ʻē aʻe. I loko o kēia wā, hiki i nā kāmelo pākahi ke komo i nā hakakā a me ka māka i ko lākou ʻāina, e hōʻike ana i ka ʻenemi o ko lākou alakaʻi. I Tureke, hoʻohana ʻia ka wā o ka hakakā ʻana o nā kāmelo no nā hakakā kāmelo kuʻuna i kēia panalāʻau. ʻOiai nā passivity āpau o nā hiʻohiʻona ʻano nui, hāʻawi ʻia ke kāmelo me ka ʻike kiʻekiʻe a me kahi ʻano ʻano ʻē.
I kekahi mau mea, kūpilikiʻi loa nā dromedars:
- ʻAe nā wahine o kēia mau ʻāpana iā lākou iho e waiū wale ʻia e kahi kanaka kikoʻī. I kēia manawa, pono ke keiki a ka wahine i kāna māla o ka hihiʻo.
- Koi ka poʻe mākua i ka mahalo iā lākou iho, me ka kala ʻole i ka hōʻino a me ka hōʻino.
- Inā hoʻomaha ʻole ka dromedar a i ʻole ke ʻano hiamoe, a laila ʻaʻole hiki ke koi ʻia e ala i kona mau wāwae.
- Hoʻomohala ʻia ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i nā ʻelele āpau o nā ʻāpana i kahi ala kupaianaha - hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomanaʻo i ka hōʻino no nā makahiki he nui a e hoʻopaʻi nō hoʻi i ka mea lawehala.
- Hoʻopili ʻia nā Dromedars i kahi kanaka, a inā he kaʻawale, hiki iā lākou ke ʻimi kūʻokoʻa i ko lākou ala i ka mea ʻona.
Ma ka laulaha, hāʻawi ʻia nā dromedaries me ka mālie imperturbable, ka launa aloha a me ka hiki ke hoʻololi koke i kahi wahi noho, kahi e lilo ai i mea kōkua maikaʻi loa no nā kānaka. ʻOiai i ka nahelehele, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻouka i ka poʻe, akā pale wale i ka hālāwai ʻana me lākou.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
ʻO nā Dromedars nā holoholona diurnal, a, no laila, ko lākou piko o ka hana i ke ao. I ka hihiu, hoʻokumu ʻia nā kāmelo humped ʻelua a humped ʻelua mau hui kaiaulu, nona hoʻokahi kāne, kekahi mau wahine a me kā lākou keiki. Aia kekahi mau mea mua ke hui wale nā kāne i nā hui, e loaʻa ana ke kūlana alakaʻi ma ka ikaika. Eia nō naʻe, kākaʻikahi kēia mau hihia a ʻaʻole lōʻihi kēia mau pūʻulu, e ʻimi nei i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi ʻano nohona maʻamau i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
ʻO Puberty a me ka hana hou
ʻO ka moekolohe ʻana o nā kāne a me nā wahine o kēia mau mea i hoʻopau ʻia ma ka awelika e 3-5 mau makahiki. Ua hele a moekolohe nā kāne ma hope. I ke kau rutting (Kēkēmapa-Ianuali), hōʻailona lākou i ko lākou mokuna, a laila hoʻolaha aku i nā mea hoʻokūkū ʻaʻole pono lākou e hoʻokokoke. No kēia, hoʻohana ke kāne i nā glands kūikawā ma ke kua o kona poʻo, a, ke kuhi nei i kona poʻo i lalo i ka honua, hoʻopā iā ia me ke one a me nā pōhaku kokoke. Inā hoʻokokoke aku kekahi kāmelo, a laila, he hakakā hakakā, me nā kani leʻaleʻa nui. ʻO ka mea lanakila o ka hakakā, ua hoʻomomona i ka wahine, hoʻomaka koke e ʻimi i kahi hou aʻe.
Hiki i ka wahine ke hāpai i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia makahiki ʻelua, a ʻo ka hana a ke pēpē mau ma kahi o 13 mau mahina. Kū ke hānau keiki, a he mau hola ma hope o ka pau ʻana, kamelo hānau (ʻo 1 mau, he ʻokoʻa loa nā māhoe) i kekahi mau hola e ala i kona mau wāwae. No nā mahina ʻeono mua, hānai ka pēpē i ka waiū o ka makuahine, a laila hoʻololi i ka meaʻai lau nahele maʻamau. Hiki i ka dromedar wahine ke hāʻawi i 10 liters o ka waiū i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o nā pēpē o nā kāmelo humped ʻelua a hoʻokahi-humped ka hānau ʻia ʻana o nā dromedaries ma kahi o 2 mau manawa ka nui ma mua o kā lākou mau hoa. Hiki ke ola o kēia mau mea i 50 mau makahiki ma ka awelika.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o ke kāmelo puʻupuʻu hoʻokahi
ʻO nā kāmelo humped hoʻokahi, ʻoiai ka nui o kā lākou nui i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā Bactrians, he holoholona nui. I nā wahi wao nahele, ʻaʻohe kanaka i hiki ke ʻoi aku i ko lākou ana, a, no laila, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻenemi i ko lākou wahi maoli. Eia nō naʻe, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā hihia pinepine o ka ʻīlio hae i nā pēpē dromedary. I ka wā ma mua, he ʻenemi ʻē aʻe kēia mea ʻohana (ʻāpana ʻokoʻa o nā liona waoakua a me nā tigika), akā i kēia lā ua manaʻo ʻia ua pau loa kēia mau holoholona.
ʻO nā kāmelo, nā dromedaries ʻelua a me nā kānaka puʻupuʻu ʻelua, hoʻokahi ʻenemi maʻamau - ke kanaka. Ma muli o ka nui o ka hana domic ma mua o 3 tausani mau makahiki i hala aku nei, i nā kūlana kūlohelohe, ʻaʻole i ola nā ʻāhiu hihiu o nā kāmelo humped ʻekahi (ʻo ka lua wale nō o ka momona ma ka waena konu o ka ʻāina o ʻAukekulia ʻO ko lākou mau hoahānau, ʻo ka Bactrians, loaʻa mau i ka nāhelehele, akā ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o ko lākou heluna kanaka a aneane pau lākou i ka make a helu ʻia i loko o ka "Red Book".
ʻAʻole ia he mea kupanaha, ka alualu nui ʻana i ka poʻe no ka hana pilikino o nā dromedaries. Ma waho o kahi ʻano maikaʻi loa o ka halihali a me ka lawe ʻana o nā huahana, kā lākou hulu hipa, ʻiʻo a me ka waiū i loaʻa nā ʻano maikaʻi ʻole. Kaulana nā ʻili kāmelo no ko lākou hoʻowela pumehana, ʻiʻo - no ka ʻokoʻa o ka ʻono, like ka momona me ka hipa, a kaulana ka waiū no ka momona momona a me ka ʻike o nā pono kumuwaiwai pono.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
ʻO nā kūlana kūikawā o ka huluhulu, ka waiū a me ka ʻulu kāmelo e hoʻolilo iā lākou i mea pio i makemake ʻia no ka poʻe ʻimi holoholona. No laila, manaʻo ʻia nā kāmelo huli holoholona a ʻaihue ʻia a hoʻopiʻi ʻia ma ka pae kānāwai. ʻO ka loli nui o ke kanaka i ka nohona kūlohelohe o nā holoholona i waiho pū i kahi paʻi i ko lākou heluna kanaka. Ua alakaʻi ka hana kanaka i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka helu o nā poʻo o nā kānaka ʻelua humped ma kahi o 1000 mau ʻāpana e noho nei i ka nāhelehele, ʻaʻole like me nā dromedaries - manaʻo ʻia lākou he hana piha. Pale aku nā Bactrians i koe e ke kānāwai a mālama ʻia i nā panalāʻau o nā mālama kūlohelohe.
ʻOiai ka pāpā o ka hopu holoholona ʻana i nā kāmelo ma ka nāhelehele, hānai pinepine ʻia nā dromedaries no ko lākou mana huki wale nō, akā no nā ʻili, momona, ʻiʻo, a me ka waiū. I ka wā kahiko, ʻo ka ʻai kāmelo a me ka waiū ka mea nui o ka papaʻai o nā poʻe nomadic. Hana ʻia nā pale a me nā kaula i ko lākou ʻili, kahi i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ko lākou ikaika. Hana ʻia nā huahana waiū fermented like ʻole mai ka waiū.Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka mākaʻikaʻi, ua hoʻomaka e hoʻohana i nā kāmelo puʻupaʻa e loaʻa kālā ma ka heʻe ʻana o nā malihini (ʻo ka awelika o ka lawe ʻana o nā mea kōkua ma kahi o 150 kg), a ua ulu ka heihei kāmelo i ke kūlana o kahi haʻuki aupuni ma Saudi Arabia a me nā United Arab Emirates.
ʻO ka poʻe ʻAlapia, he dromedaries lākou, akamai, paʻakikī a hoʻololi i ke ola me nā kānaka. He mana tractive maikaʻi kā lākou, kahi ala maikaʻi o ka halihali ʻana i nā aniau maloʻo a wela loa, kahi e pono ai lākou i nā wahi wao nahele. ʻO nā peculiarities o ko lākou kino a me ke ʻano e kōkua iā lākou e ola i nā kūlana koʻikoʻi loa. Akā, minamina, ʻaʻole hiki ke haki i kā lākou hana i ko lākou wahi maoli, no ka mea ʻo nā mea hihiu hihiu e manaʻo ʻia ua pau loa a lawelawe ʻia. ʻOiai kēia hoʻokahi kāmelo puʻupuʻu hoʻomau i ka lawelawe pono i ke kanaka i kona ola i kēlā me kēia lā.
Ka lā paʻi: 22.01.2019
Lā hou: 17.09.2019 ma 12:36
