Hāpai ka lāhui i ka inoa "King of Terriers" i haʻi ʻole ʻia ma muli wale nō o ka nui o ka nui, akā ma muli o nā ʻano holoʻokoʻa. He hewa ʻole ka Airedale Terrier i ka pale ʻana, ka ʻimi ʻana, ka ʻimi holoholona ʻana a ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi no ka makapō.
Mōʻaukala o ka lāhui
ʻO ka Airedale Terrier, e like me ka nui o nā terriers, i hoʻomaka ʻia ma ʻEnelani, e lawe ana i kona inoa mai ke awāwa ma waena o nā kahawai ʻo Eyre a me Wharf, aia ma Yorkshire.... ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻoihana he wahi (me nā wili a me nā hale hana he nui), aia ka nui o nā pāʻani - nā hares, nā ʻalopeke, nā lāpaki, nā otter, nā martens, nā ʻino, nā ʻino, nā manu a me nā ʻiole wai. I ka ʻimi no ka mea hope loa, ua hoʻohanohano ʻia nā ʻano maikaʻi loa o nā terriers, i loaʻa i kēlā me kēia limahana hana hale.
Loaʻa i ka poʻe terriers ka wiwo ʻole a me ka mākaukau kūpono i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, akā ʻaʻole kūpono lākou no ka hopu ʻana i nā mea nui, kahi e koi ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi ʻano terere hou - wiwo ʻole ʻole, e like me nā mea ma mua, akā ʻoi aku ka ikaika a hāʻawi ʻia me ka lole pale wai.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO ka hele kipi kipi, i hopena i ka helehelena o ka Airedale i ka makahiki 1853, ua lawe ʻia e Wilfrid Holmes, ka mea i male i kahi terter me kahi hoter otter. Pēlā i hānau ʻia ai nā ʻīlio, koa e like me nā terriers, akā me ka ikaika e lanakila i kahi holoholona nui.
ʻO nā ʻīlio, ma muli o ke aloha i ka wai, ua kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo Water Terriers, a ua hoʻopau koke ʻia nā ʻīlio e nā poʻe ʻimi holoholona kūloko a me nā ʻōlapa i ʻike maka e pili ana i kā lākou hana maikaʻi / hakakā ʻano. A hiki i kēia manawa, manaʻoʻiʻo kekahi mau mea lawelawe ʻīlio e hoʻohana ʻia nā kahuhipa kahu (maliʻa, nā collies palena) i ke koho ʻana o Airedale, mākaukau e kiaʻi i nā pipi inā pono. Hiki i nā Airedale Terriers hou ke hakakā paʻakikī a me ka hāmau, ka mea, e like me kekahi mau mea hānai, e hōʻike nei i ke alo o nā gen Bull Bull.
Ua hōʻike ʻia ka ʻano i ka lehulehu i ka 1864, akā i ka makahiki 1886 wale nō i ʻae ʻia kona inoa o kēia manawa. ʻAʻole i ʻae nā mea hoʻohua ʻīlio Pelekania a pau i ka Airedale me kahi bang: ʻaʻole lākou i hoʻohilahila ʻia e nā ana "terrier" (15 kg o ke kaupaona me ke kiʻekiʻe o 0.4-0.6 m). I ka makahiki 1900, ua ʻike ʻia ka hui ʻo Airedale Terrier Club o ʻAmelika (ʻAukake ʻAmelika), a he 14 mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua mākaukau ka hanauna hou ma nā mua o ke Kaua Honua Mua, kahi a Airedale i hoʻopakele ai i ka poʻe ʻeha, lawe ʻia nā leka, lawe i nā cartridges a me nā mea i mālama ʻia, kiaʻi ʻia nā mea nui a paʻa i nā ʻiole.
Ka wehewehe o ka Airedale
Muscular, ikaika, paʻa a ʻo ka mea nui loa o ka pūʻulu ter Terre. Hōʻike ka Airedale i kahi hiʻohiʻona ikaika a ʻano kū i ke ʻano terrier me nā pepeiao taut a me ka huelo. He ʻīlio hana me ka neʻe wikiwiki a wikiwiki ʻole hoʻi, e loaʻa ana i 20-30 kg o ke kaupaona i kahi kiʻekiʻe ma nā withers o 58-61 cm (kāne) a me 56-59 cm (wahine).
Kūlana launa
Ua ʻae ʻia e ka FCI i ka makahiki Iune 1987 ke kūlana maʻamau No. 7. He poʻo kaulike maikaʻi ko ka Airedale Terrier me kahi iwi poʻo elongated a pālahalaha (e like ka lōʻihi me ka waha o ka waha), ʻaʻole ākea ma waena o nā pepeiao a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā maka. ʻAʻole ʻike iki ʻia ka hoʻololi ʻana mai ka lae a i ka waha. ʻO nā pepeiao reclining V i hoʻohālikelike ʻia, kahi o ka laina pelu luna i luna iki aʻe o ka pae o ka iwi poʻo, e like me ka nui o ka holoholona. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā pepeiao e kau ana a i ʻole nā kiʻekiʻe o nā pepeiao.
Volumous ka waha, ʻaʻole i hoʻohuli ʻia, me nā papalina a me ka hoʻopiha maikaʻi ʻia ma lalo o nā maka. Aia ke kuli iki mai nā maka a ka ihu, me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻole i ka manaʻo o ka maʻalahi a me ke ʻano wedge. ʻEleʻele ka ihu, paʻa paʻa nā lehelehe, hohonu nā iwi ʻelua, ikaika a muscular. Nui nā niho o Airedale. Nani ka ʻokiʻoki: ʻae ʻia kahi nahu pae, akā ʻaʻole makemake ʻia nā kiʻi ʻelua a me ka overhot. ʻAʻole kūpuna nā maka liʻiliʻi ʻeleʻele, he ʻano kūpanaha ko lākou, he nānā me ka noʻonoʻo. ʻAʻole makemake ʻia kahi nānā kolohe a me nā maka māmā.
ʻAʻole i loaʻa ka ʻāʻī maloʻo a muscular i ka dewlap a hoʻolōʻihi i ka poʻohiwi... Kino me ka pōkole (ʻaʻohe lohi) topline, ikaika a pololei. ʻAʻole ākea ka umauma, akā hohonu i nā kuʻekuʻe, me nā iwi ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi. Muscular ka malo. Pālahalaha a lōʻihi nā forelegs, me kahi pali, hoʻomoe maikaʻi ʻia nā piko o nā poʻohiwi, a ʻo nā pololei, nā pūlima a me nā pale. ʻO nā ʻūhā a me nā wāwae lalo o nā wāwae hope he muscular, ikaika a lōʻihi.
Mea nui! He kuʻina a pōʻai hoʻi ka Airedale Terrier (me nā pads i hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia a me nā manamana wāwae liʻiliʻi e paʻa ana) āna e hoʻonoho ai me ka huli ʻole a i waho paha. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka ikaika hoʻokele e nā wāwae hope, ʻoiai e hana manuahi nā wāwae o mua, kūlike i ke kino.
Hoʻokū ʻia ka huelo ikaika a ikaika (i hoʻokau pinepine ʻia), ʻaʻole e kūlou i ke kua a lawe ʻoliʻoli ʻia. ʻO ka wēlau o ka huelo ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻoki. ʻO ke kapa komo waho e like me ka uea - paʻakikī a paʻa (me nā haʻihaʻi), ʻo ka wili maʻamau, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke wili a palupalu paha. ʻAʻole lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka pale o waho e like me ke ʻano shaggy: pili pono ia i ke kino a me nā lālā. Mālie a pōkole hoʻi ka undercoat.
I ke kala, ʻae ʻia ka saddlecloth ʻeleʻele a hina hina (ʻike ʻia nā kala like ma nā ʻaoʻao luna o ka huelo a me ka ʻāʻī). ʻO ke koena o ke kino i kala ʻia i ka ʻulaʻula a me nā leo ʻeleʻele o nā auricle. ʻAe ʻia nā māka ʻeleʻele ma lalo o nā pepeiao a puni ka ʻāʻī, a me kekahi lauoho keʻokeʻo ma ka umauma.
ʻAno ʻīlio
ʻO ka mea kākau nūpepa ʻAmelika a me ka mea hānau ʻīlio ʻo Albert Payson Terhune i mālama nui i ka Airedale, e kāhea ana "he mīkini me ka lolo i hoʻomohala ʻia a me nā hiki ke noʻonoʻo phenomenal ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia i nā ʻano hānau ʻē aʻe."
Ua manaʻo ʻo Terhune ʻo ka airedale paʻakikī a paʻa hoʻi, ʻo kēlā me kēia ʻīniha ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana, ʻaʻole ia he mea hou - ua nui loa ka poʻe i ʻike he ʻoi aku ia ma mua o nā lāhui ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka Airedale "ma aneʻi" a ʻaʻohe ona ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao. He hana maikaʻi loa ia o nā ʻīlio ʻimi holoholona ʻokoʻa, me ka Setter a me ka Pointer.
Mea nui! Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka Airedale no ka poʻe lohi a me ka poʻe noho, no ka mea, he nui ka manawa a me ka neʻe mau. He ʻīlio hilinaʻi a launa hoʻi kēia, wikiwiki a wiwo ʻole hoʻi, mai ka nānā pono ʻana ʻaʻole e pakele kahi kikoʻī hoʻokahi.
ʻIke ʻia nā pēpē Airedale e ko lākou hoʻomaha ʻana i ka wai, komo i nā māwae āpau, e ʻohiʻohi ʻana i nā mea (nā kākini, nā mea pāʻani a nā keiki, nā lole) a me ka ʻūlū ʻana i nā mea i loaʻa iā lākou. Kūʻokoʻa a kūʻē ʻo Erdels, akā makemake lākou e like me nā lālā o ka ʻohana a kūpaʻa ʻole ʻole i ka mea ʻona.... ʻO kēia mau ʻīlio nui a ikaika hoʻi e launa maikaʻi me nā keiki, ʻoiai me nā ʻōpio, me ka hele ʻole i ka laina weliweli i nā pāʻani like. E hauʻoli ka Airedale e hele pū me ʻoe i kāu jogging o kēlā me kēia lā a kākoʻo i kāu paikikala.
Wā ola
ʻAʻole pili nā Airedale terriers i nā lipi lōʻihi o ka honua canine, e noho ana ma ka awelika a 8-12 mau makahiki.
Mālama ʻo Airedale
ʻO nā Lunamakaʻāinana o ka lāhui e noho mau a ikaika i ka ʻelemakule makua, ʻo ia ke kumu ʻaʻole lākou i hoʻololi pono ʻia i nā keʻena o ke kūlanakauhale kūiki. ʻO kahi hale ʻāina me kahi pā ākea e kūpono iā lākou, nona ka wā e hiki ʻole ai ke uku ʻia e nā hele lōʻihi (ma loko o ke kūlanakauhale) a i waho i ka ulu lāʻau, no ka laʻana, hopu holoholona.
Mālama a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe
ʻAʻole paʻakikī ka mālama ʻana i ke kapakomo o Airedale: pono ʻoe e kāhili iā ia i kēlā me kēia manawa me kahi palaki paʻakikī a i ʻole kahi waihona me nā niho āpau, e hoʻohana ana i kahi furminator e wehe i ka undercoat. Me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i nā kau, hoʻohui pinepine ʻia ka lauoho.
Eia hou, aia he 2 mau ala hou aʻe e mālama ai i ka ʻahu.
- ʻoki (ma kahi o hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia 2-3 mau pule) no nā ʻīlio hōʻike;
- lauoho lauoho (hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia 2-5 mau mahina) no ka airedale liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ʻaʻole e komo i nā hōʻike.
Hiki ke kiʻi ʻia nā lawelawe ʻokiʻoki a me ka hōʻoki ʻana (i ka loaʻa ʻole o nā mākau kūpono) mai kahi kāne lawelawe ʻoihana. Hoʻohui, hoʻokahi manawa i ka mahina e pono e ʻokiʻoki i ka lauoho ma waena o nā manamana wāwae i ʻole he ʻūlū. Inā ʻaʻole wili ka ʻīlio i kona mau kui i ka holo ʻana ma ka aspphalt, ʻoki mau ʻia lākou.
Hoihoi ia! Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā kaʻina hana ʻauʻau i ka wā e lepo ai ka airedale a i ʻole hoʻomākaukau no ka hōʻike. ʻO ka honi ʻīlio kūlohelohe mai nā terriers ʻo Airedale, ma ke ʻano he kumu, ʻaʻole i hiki mai.
Hoʻomaka i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i kāu ʻīlio i nā kaʻina hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe āpau i ka wā hiki loa i ʻole e kū kūʻē i ka wā e hiki mai ana. E nānā i nā pepeiao o kāu pipi i hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule no ka pilau, ʻulaʻula, a i ʻole nā kino haole.
E hoihoi pū kekahi:
- Furminator no kahi ʻīlio
- Kola ʻīlio
- Mīkini no kahi ʻīlio
- Ehia mau manawa e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke holoi i kāu ʻīlio
ʻAiʻai, ʻaiʻai
ʻAi ʻia nā pēpē a hiki i 2 mau mahina i nā ʻano like ʻole a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi, e lawelawe ana i nā kīʻaha (ʻiʻo, tī wai, nā palaoa a me nā mea kanu) ma ke ʻano o ka ʻuala i hoʻowali ʻia, me ka poina ʻole e pili ana i ka waiū. Ma hope o 2-3 mau mahina, ʻokiʻoki ʻia ka ʻiʻo i mau ʻāpana, me ka ʻole o ka pani ʻana me ka offal.
ʻO ka papaʻai o ka Airedale Terrier (i kēlā me kēia lā):
- a i 4 mau mahina - 6 mau manawa;
- mai 4 a 6 mau mahina - 4 rubles;
- mai 6 a 8 mau mahina - ʻekolu mau manawa;
- ma hope o 8 mau mahina - ʻelua manawa.
Mea nui! Hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻīlio ʻehā mau makahiki i ka iʻa (ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 2 mau manawa o ka pule). Ma nā mahina 8, hiki i ka Airedale ka nui o kahi ʻīlio makua, a loli iki kāna papaʻai.
Aia i ka papa kuhikuhi airedale makua nā huahana aʻe:
- ʻIʻo wiwi (ka moa, lāpaki, pipi, a me ke keiki hipa)
- iwi (kō ʻiʻo kolo, huhui poʻohiwi a i ʻole nā iwi ʻaoʻao);
- offal (ʻo ia hoʻi ka tripe maikaʻi ʻole i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia);
- cereals (buckwheat, palaoa a me ka oat);
- ka hoʻopiha iʻa iʻa kai (i kahi mahele he 1.5 mau manawa ka nui ma mua o kaʻiʻo);
- i ka waiū feta i pulu ʻia, ka tī hale maʻa hale a me kefir;
- yolk maka a i hua manu i hoʻomoʻa ʻia (i kēlā me kēia lā 3-4).
ʻO ka poʻe Airedale terriers makemake ʻoluʻolu e nau i nā hua a me nā mea kanu, e like me nā kukama, nā paukena, nā kāloti, nā ʻāpala, nā rutabagas, nā turnip a me nā beets, me ka hāʻawi ʻole ʻana i nā hua nahele / māla.
Nā maʻi a me nā kīnā hānau
Hoʻomanawanui ʻo Airedale terriers i ka ʻeha stoically, ʻo ia ke kumu e nānā nui ai nā mea ʻona i nā ʻōuli iki o ka maʻi. ʻOiaʻiʻo, he ikaika ikaika ko Airedale, ka mea e pale aku ai iā lākou mai nā maʻi ʻino a ʻoiai ka loaʻa ʻole o nā lāʻau āpau.
ʻO nā maʻi i loaʻa pinepine ʻia i ka lāhui:
- hepatitis viral;
- enteritis parvovirus;
- infestation worm (ʻo nā ʻīlio pinepine e maʻi);
- hoʻāhu mau o ke ake (i hōʻike ʻia ma o ka media otitis);
- dermatitis, eczema maka a me nā maʻi āpau.
Hōʻike pinepine nā maʻi ʻili i ka hana hewa ʻole o ke ake, ka ʻōpū a me nā ʻōpū, a me nā haunaele i ka hana o ka ʻōnaehana nūhou.
Mea nui! Wahi a ka UK Kennel Club, i paʻi ʻia ma 2004, ka maʻi ʻaʻai (39.5%), pili i ka makahiki (14%), urological (9%) a me nā maʻi puʻuwai (6%) i kapa ʻia ma ke kumu o ka make ʻana o Airedale Terriers.
ʻO nā maʻi hoʻoilina o ka laha e:
- kope kope, keratitis maʻi mau ʻole;
- atrophy retinal a me ka volvulus kuʻemaka;
- dilated cardiomyopathy;
- dysplasia o ka ami pūhaka,
- hyperadrenocorticism;
- cerebellar hypoplasia a me hypothyroidism;
- hernia umbilical, dysplasia renal, ka loaʻa ʻole o 1 a 2 mau puʻupaʻa;
- maʻi ʻo Willebrand (kākaʻikahi).
ʻO ke olakino kūpono o ke ola holoʻokoʻa, ka meaʻai a me ka mālama ʻana e kōkua ai e hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola o kahi ʻīlio, ʻoiai inā loaʻa nā maʻi kūmole.
Ka hoʻonaʻauao a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa
Airedale terriers aʻo koke i ka ʻike hou a me nā mākau, a aneane like me ka lilo koke o ka hoihoi iā lākou.... Maʻalahi e hoʻomaʻamaʻa iā Airedale, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana ma ke ʻano o kahi pāʻani, e hoʻohana ana i ka uku, ʻaʻole ka hoʻopaʻi. ʻAʻole pono e hoʻomaʻamaʻa paʻakikī ʻo Airedale e like me ke kahu hipa, i ʻole e loaʻa ka hopena ʻē aʻe.
Hoihoi ia! No kahi lāhui nui e like me ka Airedale Terrier, koi ʻia e hoʻopau i kahi papa hoʻomaʻamaʻa laulā (GLC) i mea e mālama ai i ka ʻīlio me ka ʻole o nā pilikia i kēlā me kēia kūlana.
Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia e holo ka airedale (e like me nā terriers āpau) ma hope o nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, hae nui, e hoʻomaopopo ana i ka mea nona, a ʻeli mau i ka honua, e piʻi ana i waenakonu o ka moena pua. Makemake ka Airedale e hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka leash, akā i ka manawa like e pono koke ʻo ia e ukali i kāu mau kauoha (ʻo ia hoʻi ma ke kūlanakauhale). He lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka hele wāwae ʻana i kahi ʻīlio makua. ʻO ka mea liʻiliʻi e hiki ai i kāu pipi ke helu i ka hapalua hola o ka hoʻoikaika kino ʻelua i ka lā.
Kūʻai iā Airedale
E ʻimi ʻoe no kahi ʻīlio pēpē maikaʻi i loko o kahi kennel, nona nā mea nona ka ukali i nā loina hou loa o ka ulu ʻana o ka lāhui a hoihoi i ka kūleʻa o kā lākou ʻīlio i nā hoʻokūkū / hōʻike. E kūʻai aku nā mea hānai iā ʻoe i kahi ʻīlio keiki olakino a kōkua iā ʻoe i ka hānai ʻana a i kāna ʻoihana e hiki mai ana.
He aha e nānā ai
Pono ka mea nona ka Airedale e hoʻoholo i nā mea e pono ai ka ʻīlio. Inā, i mea e lanakila ai i ka hoʻokūkū, pono e nānā i kahi nursery e hoʻomohala i nā ʻano hana i nā terriers Airedale, ka mea pinepine ʻole ka hopena maikaʻi ma waho. Inā ʻoe e ʻimi nei i ka mea hoʻokūkū hōʻike, ʻo ia ka mea maʻa mau i ka hānau ʻana, e ʻike i kahi kula hānai e ulu ʻo Airedale me ke kūlike maikaʻi. I nā kūlana ʻelua, ke kipa ʻana i ke kennel, e nānā i nā mākua o kāu ʻīlio, a, ʻoiaʻiʻo, iā ia iho: pono e koa, hauʻoli, pāʻani a olakino hoʻi.
ʻO ke kumu kūʻai pēpē pedigree
ʻAʻole hiki ke uku ʻia ʻo Airedale terrier o ke koko hanohano ma lalo o 20 tausani rubles. Me nā mea hana i kapa ʻia, piʻi ke kumukūʻai i 30-40 tausani rubles.
Nā loiloi nona
# nānā 1
Ua hele wale mai ʻo Erdel iā mākou, ʻo 3 wale nō koʻu mau makahiki. ʻO kona hoʻomanawanui ʻana, he mea kupaianaha - huki wau iā ia mai lalo o ka moena e ka huelo a piʻi i loko o kona waha, akā ʻaʻole i kani ka ʻīlio iaʻu a i ʻole nahuʻu iaʻu.
Ua ʻike au i nā lunamaka o kēia lāhui: ʻike wau i ke ahonui a me ka hoʻolohe i loko o ko lākou koko. Akamai lākou, akamai, hoʻomākeʻaka, maʻalahi e hoʻomaʻamaʻa a aloha i nā ʻīlio.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki i nā ʻano o ka Airedale ke ʻokoʻa - ua ʻike kuʻu hoaaloha i kahi mea kolohe (ʻaʻole like me ko mākou mālie, me ka hoʻokau ʻia ʻo Nordic). E pili ana i ka huluhulu - manaʻo ʻia e palaki i kēlā me kēia lā, akā ua kāhili mākou iā ia hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule, a ʻaʻohe pilikia. Ua noho ko mākou Airedale he 16 mau makahiki wale nō ma muli o ka maʻi kīnā o ka naʻau, a ua noho ʻo Airedale hoaaloha i 23 (!) Makahiki.
# nānā 2
ʻO kēia nā ʻīlio kūpaʻa ʻoi loa i ka honua: ʻōlelo lākou noho lākou me hoʻokahi mea nona, a nalowale iā ia, ʻaʻole lākou e ʻike i kahi mea hou a make i ka melankoli... ʻOiai, ʻaʻole mākou i haʻalele i kā mākou Bertha no kahi manawa lōʻihi (e nānā), akā haʻalele mākou i ka home hoʻokahi no ka pō holoʻokoʻa. Ma hope ua ʻōlelo nā hoanoho ua uwē ʻo ia a kakahiaka. He lāhui hahai holoholona kēia, no laila, e pili ana i ka instincts, holo lākou ma hope o nā mea āpau e neʻe. ʻO kaʻu i loko o ka ululāʻau aloha e alualu i nā hedgehogs - hopu ʻo ia, huki i nā mauʻu āpau a puni iā ia, haki ka honua, akā ʻaʻole ʻo ia i ʻike i ka mea e hana hou ai. He hoa aloha ʻo ia me nā pōpoki, akā hoʻokele iā lākou i ka lāʻau.
Ma ka laulā, pono ʻoe e hele wāwae nui me airedale no kahi manawa lōʻihi. Lawe mākou iā Berta ma waho o ke kūlanakauhale i kēlā me kēia pule - i ke kauwela ua ʻauʻau mākou a holo, i ka hoʻoilo hele mākou i ka ski. Nā ʻīlio akamai a maluhia hoʻi, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻouka i nā mea hele, hiki ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻalahi ʻia. Ua hōʻole mākou i ka meaʻai maloʻo, lawe pinepine i nā ʻāʻī moa a i kekahi mea iʻa. Gnawed ʻo Bertha i nā lāʻau i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa, no laila ʻaʻohe ona pilikia me kona mau niho: ua ulu a keʻokeʻo a maʻemaʻe hoʻi. Hulu ʻia ka hulu hipa a ʻokiʻoki ʻia.
