ʻO grouse ʻeleʻele - manu o ka ululāʻau Lūkia
ʻO Teterev - kahi ʻano kaulana i ka moʻolelo kaʻao o nā keiki ʻo "Fox and Blackcock" Kūpono ka meʻe, ana ʻia, me ka kaohi a me ka hoʻomanawanui. ʻO ka mea a ka poʻe ʻimi holoholona i ʻike maoli ai ʻo wai ʻo ia, nāna i aʻo i kāna ʻano a kāhea i ka ʻeleu ʻeleʻele i kā lākou ala pono: ʻeleʻele, moa moa, birch a i ʻole kosach. He nui nā inoa aloha o ka wahine: grouse, kohola kohola, hazel-grouse, pou.
Nā ʻano o ka grouse ʻeleʻele
ʻO nā mea kaulana nā ʻano ʻelua, ka mea nui e noho ana i ka panalāʻau o Lūkia: ʻūlū ʻeleʻele a me ka grouse ʻeleʻele Caucasian. ʻO ka ululāʻau, ʻāpana steppe a me kahi o ka ululāʻau kahi pae ʻāina o ka noho ʻeleʻele.
Kaulana ʻo Kosach no ka hoʻonohonoho ākea kokoke i ka Arctic Circle, a me ka grouse ʻeleʻele Caucasian, e like me ka inoa, e noho nei ma Caucasus, akā aia nā helu ma lalo o ka hoʻoweliweli o ka make ʻana, ua helu ʻia nā ʻano ma ka Red Book. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka grouse ʻeleʻele Caucasian ma mua o kahi kosach i ka nui, ʻokoʻa iki i ka plumage a me ke ʻano o ka huelo, ʻoi aku ka piʻo i ka ʻaoʻao.
Ma nā ʻāina ʻē, ʻike ʻia ke kahawai ʻeleʻele ma ka ʻākau o Kazakhstan, ma ke komohana o Mongolia, ma Kelemania, Polani, ma ka ʻākau o Pelekane, Scandinavia a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe. ʻO kekahi o nā ʻohana nui ka ʻūlū sage ma ʻAmelika Hema, ke kaumaha nei a 4 kg a ana a hiki i 75 cm.
I ke kiʻi grouse kiʻi
ʻO nā wahi punahele o ka grouse ʻeleʻele nā ululāʻau birch me nā wahi ākea, ulu ʻia me nā kumu lāʻau, undergrowth, me nā kino wai pili. No ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka birch ma Kelemania, ua kapa ʻia ka manu ʻo ka birch grouse. ʻO nā wahi hāmama ʻo Steppe, kahi i noho mua ʻia e nā grouse ʻeleʻele, me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka mahiʻai, ua hele mālie i ka hana ʻana no nā kānaka, a hemo nā manu.
ʻO ka helehelena o waho o kahi grouse ʻeleʻele
ʻAha ʻeleʻele - manu nani: nā hua ʻeleʻele me kahi aniani uliuli-ʻōmaʻomaʻo, kahi huelo e like me ke ʻano keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, nā kuʻemaka o kahi ʻulaʻula momona momona. ʻO nā wahi o ka hulu keʻokeʻo i nā ʻeleʻele i kapa pinepine ʻia he mau aniani.
ʻO ka grouse ʻeleʻele kahi ʻano maʻamau o kona ʻano. No nā hulu huelo, e like me nā pigtails ʻeleʻele, ua loaʻa iā ia ka inoa lua. ʻO ka nui o nā kāne ma ka awelika hiki i 60 cm a kaupaona ʻia a 1.5 kg.
ʻO Kosach, kekahi o nā ʻano maʻamau o ka grouse ʻeleʻele
ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka grouse: ulu ia a 50 knm, ke kaumaha nei ma mua o 1 kg. ʻOi aku ka laulā o ke kala o ke kāhulu a kokoke i ka ʻulaʻula a i ʻole nā hina hina, ʻoi aku ka pōkole o ka huelo.
Liʻiliʻi ke poʻo o ke ʻaʻa ʻeleʻele, pōkole a ikaika ka nuku. ʻO nā hulu lōʻihi ma nā ʻeheu e kōkua i ka kaohi ʻana i ka lele, lawelawe ma ke ʻano he rudder.
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia nā leo o ke ʻaʻa ʻeleʻele, ke Kosachi i ka wā o ka moʻo ʻana e ʻōhumu nui a no kahi manawa lōʻihi me kahi gurgle. Uwē aʻe nā leo uē me nā leo hū ʻole. ʻO Grous cackle e like me ka moa, ma ka hopena o ke mele e kīloi lākou i nā kani. I ka hoʻoilo, hāmau nā manu.
E hoʻolohe i ka leo o ke gruse ʻeleʻele
Noho i ke kūlohelohe
Grouse ʻeleʻele i ke kūlohelohe hana nui lākou i ka nohona kaiaulu, mālama lākou, ma waho o ka wā male, i nā ʻohana hānai kāne a wahine paha. ʻO ka nui o nā kānaka i ka ʻohana i 200 poʻo. ʻO ka piko o ka hana i ke kau mahana i ke kakahiaka nui a ma mua o ka napoʻo ʻana o ka lā. I ke ao, ua bask nā manu i ka lā, e noho ana ma nā lālā.
He ʻano nohona ko nā manu. No ka manawa lōʻihi hele lākou i ka honua, neʻe wikiwiki a dexterous ʻoiai i nā mānoanoa. Maʻaneʻi ʻike lākou i ka meaʻai, hoʻoulu a hoʻomaha. Hiki iā lākou ke noho i ka pō ma ka honua, ma lalo o nā ululāʻau, ma nā bogs.
Inā pono, hemo koke a me ka walaʻau. ʻO ka lele o nā manu ke wikiwiki a maneuverable. Hiki ke noʻonoʻo like ʻia ka grouse ʻeleʻele e like me terrestrial a me arboreal. Holo wiwo ʻole lākou i waena o nā kumulāʻau, noho i ka pō ma nā pona, noho paʻa a ʻoi i nā lālā lahilahi hiki ke kākoʻo iki i ko lākou kaumaha.
I ka ʻimi ʻana i nā apo pepeiao maikaʻi, hiki iā lākou ke kau i luna i lalo, ʻoiai e pili paʻa ana i kahi lālā me kā lākou mau wāwae.
He lohe maikaʻi ko ka grouse ʻeleʻele a me ka hihi, ʻo ia hoʻi nā grouse, ʻo ia ka mea mua e hāʻawi i nā hōʻailona alarm. Akahele loa ka lawena, inā he mea weliweli hiki i nā mowers ke lele aku no mau mile he ʻumi. ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka lele ʻana i 100 km / h.
He ʻokoʻa nā kau o ke ola manu, ʻoiai ma ke kau anuanu. ʻO Grouse ʻeleʻele i ka hoʻoilo i ke ao e noho ana ia i loko o nā kumulāʻau, pinepine i nā birch, a i ka pō ʻana e hoʻomaka ia e peʻe ma lalo o ka hau, e luʻu ana mai luna mai i kahi hau hau a hana i kahi hohonu i loko.
Ke neʻe nei a me kahi keʻena pūnana, ʻoki nā manu i ka hau. Hiki ke hoʻomākaukau ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o nā pale ma ka hau i nā pae, ma o ka hele mālie ʻana, kaomi ʻana i ka manhole me nā ʻeheu i kahi hohonu o 50 cm.
I loko o ka wā o nā hauʻeha nui, ʻo ka noho ʻana i nā hale pale e hoʻonui nui. Hiki ke hele wale ka ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele mai lalo o ka hau no ka hānai ʻana no 1-2 mau hola. Inā ʻaʻohe mea e hoʻopilikia i nā manu, hele mālie lākou i waho o nā lua, neʻe i kahi mau mika a laila lele.
ʻO ka hoʻomehana ʻana o ka hoʻoilo, ka mea e pili ana i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ka pahu hau, a me nā mea keʻakeʻa e hoʻopakele ai i nā pūnana hau, lilo i pilikia no nā manu.
ʻO ka noho ʻana ma lalo o ka hau ʻaʻole e hōʻemi i ka makaʻala o nā kaula me ka lohe pono. Lohe ʻo ia i ka lele o ka hare, a me ka ʻāʻī o ka ʻalopeke, a me ka neʻe ʻana o kahi lynx. Inā kū ke kani ma kahi o kahi hoʻopunipuni ʻulaʻula e kolo ana a i ʻole ka nīnū o ka hau mai nā skis o ka mea hahai holoholona, haʻalele ka ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele i nā tunnels a nalo koke.
I ka pūnāwai, haki liʻiliʻi nā hipa. Hoʻoikaika ka grouse ʻeleʻele me ka hoʻomehana ʻana i nā kai, kū i loko o nā kukuna kokoke i nā kihi hāmama. He lawa nā ʻenemi o nā braids: nā ʻalopeke a me nā sable, nā puaʻa hihiu a me nā martens, nā ʻio a me nā pueo. ʻO ka grouse ʻeleʻele ʻehā a me ka hulu manu ka mea pio maikaʻi.
ʻO ka luku nui ʻia o nā manu ka mea, ʻae ʻia e ke kanaka. ʻO nā Hunters, ke aʻo ʻana i ke ʻano o kahi akahele, akā, i ka manawa like, he manu kiki, hiki ke kiʻi i kahi hua holoʻokoʻa i ka manawa hoʻokahi. ʻO nā hana hoʻokele waiwai: mākaʻikaʻi, kūkulu ʻana i nā alanui a me nā laina uila, hoʻomohala ʻana i ka wao akua - kaomi i nā ʻaʻa ʻeleʻele mai kā lākou wahi maʻamau.
Nānā grouse ʻeleʻele
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka papaʻai i ka hānai ʻai. I ke kau mahana, mai ka wā puna a hiki i ke kau mua, ʻo nā ʻōpuʻu o nā wilou, aspens, alder, nā lau momona a me nā hua o ka manu cherry, blueberry, blueberry, wild rose, nā hua sedge i lilo i meaʻai.
ʻO ka meaʻai holoholona i ke ʻano o nā ʻelala a me nā puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi kekahi o kā lākou meaʻai, he ʻano nui ia e hānai ʻia nā moa me nā ʻeke ʻuhū. No ka digestion maʻamau, nā manu, e like me ko lākou mau hoahānau, peck nā ʻiliʻili liʻiliʻi a me nā ʻanoʻano paʻakikī - gastroliths.
ʻO Grouse ʻeleʻele i ke kauwela hooikaika no na mahinaai kahi e waiho ai na mea kanu. Aia a hiki i ka hau mua, auwana lākou i nā hipa e ʻimi ana i ka palaoa i koe. I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻokumu ʻia ka hānai ma nā ʻōpuʻu birch a me nā catkey. Ināʻaʻohe lawa o lākou, peck nā lālā lahilahi.
ʻO nā wahine o ka grouse ʻeleʻele he plumage motley palupalu
I kahi manawa paʻakikī i ka ulu lāʻau hānai ʻūlū ʻeleʻele kui kiki a me nā ʻoka, nā hua juniper. I ka hoʻopihapiha ʻana i ka mea kanu me ka meaʻai hau-anuanu, lele nā manu i ka pūnana e hoʻomehana i ka meaʻai me ko lākou mehana.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
I ka puna, hoʻomaka ke kau moʻo a grouse moena manawa ma nā lihi o ka ululāʻau, kahi a lākou e maʻa mau ai i kahi like. Kaulana nā kāhea o nā kāne i ka poʻe hahai holoholona. ʻO ka maʻamau he 10-15 mau kānaka e ʻākoakoa i kēia au, akā me ka emi ʻana o ka heluna kanaka, lilo pinepine ke au o 3-5 poʻo.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke au ma ka awelika mai ʻApelila a i waena o Iune. Hoʻopau ʻia ia i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o nā manu.
Nā haʻiʻōlelo Grouse - kahi kiʻi hoihoi o ke kūlohelohe, ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa i wehewehe ʻia i loko o nā puke. ʻO nā manu nani e kūʻē i ke kua o nā kiʻi nani me nā mele iridescent ʻano e hana i ka hopena o kahi ipu ahi e ola ana, i lohe ʻia i ke anilā no 3 km.
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā pūnana e ka lua grouse ma ka honua ma lalo o ka malu o nā lālā. ʻO kēia mau lua liʻiliʻi me kahi ʻōpala o nā lau, nā lālā liʻiliʻi, ka mauʻu, ka limu, a me nā hulu. Hoʻokomo ka wahine i nā hua he 6-8 nona iho no nā lā 22-23. ʻAʻole komo nā kāne i ka mālama ʻana i nā keiki. He wahine polygamous nā kāne, pinepine ka nui o nā wahine i kēlā me kēia kāne.
ʻO ka pūnana me kahi paʻa o nā hua manu e kiaʻi pono ʻia e kahi grouse. Hoʻowalewale ʻo ia ma ka maʻalea, e lele ana i waho o ka pūnana a e ʻumeʻume i ka mea ʻaihue i ka nahele, a hoʻi ʻo ia i ka paʻa. Lawe ʻo ia i ka moʻo o nā moa hou i kahi pale palekana.
He makuahine maikaʻi ka gruse, e pale ʻole ʻana i nā moa mai ke anuanu a me nā hoʻouka kaua. I hoʻokahi pule ma hope, ke hoʻāʻo nei ka ʻōpio e lele, a ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina a me ka hapa, hoʻomaka kahi ola kūʻokoʻa.
I ka hāʻule, hiki mai kahi manawa o ka moʻo pinepine ʻana, akā ʻaʻole like ka hana me ka puna. Aia kekahi mau hihia i ʻike ʻia i ka wā hoʻoilo ma ka hau ma Mongolia, akā he ʻano ʻokoʻa kēia i ke kūlohelohe. I ke kūlohelohe, awelika grouse ola kīʻaha ʻo 11-13 kona mau makahiki.
ʻO kēia kiʻi kahi pūnana ʻeleʻele me nā hua manu
Holo ʻaihue ʻeleʻele
ʻAihue ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele - kilakila, ʻike ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi, me ʻekolu ala nui:
- me ke kōkua o kahi hut;
- mai ke hoʻokokoke aku;
- mai ka puka komo.
Kūkulu ʻia nā hale mai nā ulu ulu a me nā lālā ʻaʻole mamao mai ka pūnaewele kaulana o kēia wā. Pono ka Hunting i kahi noho lōʻihi i ka hale a me ka nui o ka hoʻomanawanui i ʻole e makaʻu i nā manu mai ko lākou wahi maʻamau.
ʻO Grouseʻeleʻele mai kahi kokoke i hopu ʻia ke kulu ʻana i nā hui liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ʻo ia wale nō. ʻO ka hana a ka hunter e hoʻokokoke loa i ka wā o kāna mele. Inā nui nā manu, a laila hiki i kahi hoʻāʻo kūleʻa ʻole ke hiki e hoʻoweliweli i nā ʻaʻa ʻeleʻele a pau... No laila, hana ʻia ke ala i ka poʻe mehameha.
ʻO ka alualu like ʻana mai ka puka e komo ai i ka lio a i ʻole ka moku i ke kapakai, i koho ʻia no kēia au. Holo ʻino ʻeleʻele i ka wā kau hana pinepine ʻia me nā ʻīlio, a i ka hoʻoilo me nā manu mea momona. ʻŪlū ʻeleʻele i hoʻopili ʻia lawelawe ma ke ʻano he hoʻopunipuni no nā ʻohana i ʻike i kekahi lālā o kā lākou ʻohana ma nā lālā.
Nui nā mea aloha kūlohelohe i ʻike e pili ana i ka ʻaihue ʻeleʻele, kona ʻano hiʻona, e ʻimi nei ʻaʻole wale no ka ʻimi holoholona ʻana a me nā loina no ka kuke ʻana i kahi grouse ʻeleʻele, akā no ka mālama pū ʻana i kēia manu nani a ʻeleu hoʻi o ka ululāʻau Lūkini.
