ʻO ka dia Musk he holoholona kīkoa ʻia e like me ke dia, akā ʻaʻole like me ia, ʻaʻohe ona pepeiaohao. Akā he pale ʻē aʻe ka dia musk - nā ʻāʻī e ulu ana ma ka iwi ā luna o ka holoholona, no ka mea ua manaʻo ʻia kēia mea ola ʻole he vampire e inu ana i ke koko o nā holoholona ʻē aʻe.
Ka wehewehe o nā dia musk
Noho ʻo Musk dia ma kahi waena ma waena o nā dia a me nā dia maoli... ʻO kēia holoholona no ka ʻohana dia musk, kahi nona kahi ʻano o nā dia musk a me nā ʻano he nui o nā dia saber-niho. ʻO nā artiodactyls e ola nei, ʻo nā dia nā hoahānau kokoke loa o nā dia musk.
Helehelena
ʻAʻohe ulu iki ʻo Musk dia ma mua o 1 mika ka lōʻihi. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe ma kahi maloʻo o ka mea nui loa i ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o 80 cm. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ulu ʻana o kēia holoholona: a hiki i 70 knm i ka maloʻo. Kaupaona nā dia Musk mai 11 a 18 kg. ʻO kekahi o kona hiʻohiʻona hoihoi loa ka lōʻihi o nā mua o kēia holoholona kupaianaha he ʻekolu o ka pōkole o ka hapa mua o nā lālā hope, ʻo ia ke kumu he 5 a 10 cm paha ke kiʻekiʻe o ka sakumona o nā dia musk ma mua o ka mae ʻana.
Liʻiliʻi kona poʻo, e like me ka triangle i ka ʻike. Ākea i ka iwi poʻo, akā e hoʻopili ana i ka hopena o ka waha, a i ke kāne ka ʻāpana mua o ke poʻo i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā wahine o kēia laha. Nui aʻe nā pepeiao a hoʻonoho kiʻekiʻe - ʻaneʻane ma ka piko o ke poʻo. Me ko lākou ʻano poepoe i nā wēlau, ua like lākou me nā pepeiao kangaroo ma mua o nā pepeiao dia. ʻAʻole nunui a kuʻupuʻu nā maka, akā i ka manawa like expressive, e like me nā dia ʻē aʻe a me nā ʻano pili. ʻAʻole i loaʻa i nā Lunamakaʻāinana o kēia genus nā lua lacrimal maʻamau no nā artiodactyls ʻē aʻe.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona kaulana o ka dia musk ka lae, nā ʻīlio kāwili liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻāʻī o luna, kahi e hoʻomanaʻo ai i nā tusks liʻiliʻi i loaʻa i nā wahine a me nā kāne. I nā wahine wale nō nā kini liʻiliʻi a ʻike ʻole ʻia, ʻoiai nā kāne hiki i 7-9 cm ka lōʻihi, a hoʻolilo lākou iā lākou i mea kaua nui, kūpono like pū kekahi no ka pale ʻana mai nā mea ʻaihue a no nā hoʻokūkū ma waena o nā ʻelele o ka ʻano like.
ʻO ka hulu o kēia holoholona he mānoanoa a lōʻihi hoʻi, akā palupalu. He brownish a brownish ke kala. He ʻōmaʻomaʻo keʻokeʻo ʻōpio nā ʻōpio ma ko lākou kua a me nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO ka lauoho ka mea nui o ka awn, hōʻike maikaʻi ʻole ʻia ka undercoat. Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ka mānoanoa o kona hulu, ʻaʻole paʻa ka dia musk i loko o nā hoʻoilo ʻo Siberian nui loa, a ʻo ka hoʻoulu wela o kona hulu ʻaʻole ia e hoʻoheheʻe ka hau i lalo o ka holoholona e moe ana i ka honua. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole pulu ka hulu o kēia holoholona, e ʻae iā ia e noho maʻalahi i ka wā keʻa i nā kino wai.
ʻO ke kino o ka dia musk, ma muli o kāna huluhulu mānoanoa, me he mea lā ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka maoli. Pololei a ikaika nā forelegs. Muscular a ikaika nā wāwae hope. Ma muli o ka ʻoi aku o ka lōʻihi o nā wāwae o ka hope ma mua o nā mua, kūlou ikaika lākou ma nā kuli a hoʻokau pinepine ka holoholona iā lākou i kahi kūlou, e like me ka neʻe ʻana o ka dia musk me he mea lā e heʻe ana. ʻO nā mākia he kaulike me ka nui, a me nā manamana wāwae i hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia.
Liʻiliʻi ka nui o ka huelo he paʻakikī e ʻike ia ma lalo o ka hulu mānoanoa a lōʻihi.
Hana, nohona nohona
Makemake nā dia Musk e alakaʻi i kahi nohona mehameha: ʻo nā hui ʻohana o 2-4 mau kānaka o kēia laha hiki ke ʻike pinepine ʻole ʻia.... I loko o ia mau pūʻulu, ʻano maluhia nā holoholona, akā makaʻala lākou a kūʻē paha i nā ʻelele haole o kā lākou ʻano. Kaha nā kāne i ko lākou ʻāina, a kaukaʻi ʻia i ka manawa he 10-30 maueka. Eia kekahi, hana lākou i kēia me ke kōkua o nā kūmole musk kūikawā i kū ma ko lākou ʻōpū.
I ka wā o ka moʻo ʻana, nui nā hakakā nui ma waena o nā kāne o ka dia musk, i kekahi manawa e pau ana i ka make ʻana o kekahi o nā hoa hakakā. Akā ke koena o ka manawa, alakaʻi kēia mau artiodactyls i kahi nohona mālie a mālie.
Mahalo i kāna hoʻolohe ʻoluʻolu, lohe pono ka holoholona i ka ʻulupā o nā lālā haki a i ʻole ka hau o ka hau ma lalo o nā wāwae o kahi ʻiʻo e hoʻokokoke ana iā ia, a no laila paʻakikī loa e hopu iā ia me ke kahaha. I nā lā hoʻoilo wale nō, ke huhū nā pāhili a me nā ʻino hau, a haʻalulu nā lālā lāʻau mai ka hau i ka ululāʻau a haki nā lālā o nā kumulāʻau no ka makani, hiki i nā dia musk ke lohe i ka hoʻokokoke ʻana o kahi holoholona holoholona, e laʻa me kahi wolf a i ʻole ka bear rod pili, ʻaʻole i ka manawa kūpono. peʻe iā ia.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO nā kānaka o kēia laha, e noho ana i nā wahi mauna, ua hoʻomohala i ko lākou ala pakele mai ka poʻe hōkai: waiho wale lākou ma nā ʻaoʻao haiki a me nā ʻalalā e kau ana ma kahi hohonu hohonu i kahi wahi palekana, kahi e kali ai i ka hoʻoweliweli o ka hoʻouka kaua. Hoʻokele ʻo Musk deer i kēia hana ma muli o kona dexterity kūlohelohe a me ka heʻe ʻana, mahalo i hiki iā ia ke lele ma luna o nā kaʻe mauna a hele ma nā ʻaoʻao haiki e kau ana ma nā pali.
He holoholona dexterous a evasive kēia, hiki ke hoʻokahuli i ke ala a hoʻololi koke i ke ala i ka holo. Akā ʻaʻole hiki ke holo no ka manawa lōʻihi: luhi koke ia a pono e kū i mea e loaʻa ai kona hanu.
Pehea ka lōʻihi e ola ai nā dia musk
I kahi nohona hihiu, noho ka dia musk ma ka awelika mai 4 a 5 mau makahiki. I ka pio ʻana, hoʻonui kona ola i 2-3 mau manawa a hiki i 10-14 mau makahiki.
Dimorphism moekolohe
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o nā kāne a me nā wahine ke kū ʻana o nā ʻīlio lahilahi, elongated, a hiki i ka lōʻihi o 7-9 cm. He mau ʻīlio kā nā wahine, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o lākou a aneane ʻole e ʻike ʻia lākou, ʻoiai ʻike ʻia nā canine o nā kāne mai kahi mamao. Hoʻohui ʻia, loaʻa i ka kāne ke poʻo ākea ākea a ʻoi aku ka nui, a i ʻole, kona ʻaoʻao mua, a ʻo nā kaʻina supraorbital a me nā piʻo e hōʻike maikaʻi ʻia ma mua o nā wahine. No ka ʻokoʻa o ke kala o ka ʻahu a i ʻole ka nui o nā holoholona o nā ʻano wahine ʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole lākou i hōʻike nui ʻia.
Lāhui dia musk
I ka hōʻuluʻulu, aia ʻehiku mau lā e ola nei o ka lā musk
- Dia no ka musk Siberian. Noho ma Siberia, ka Hikina Hema, Mongolia, komohana ʻākau a me ka ʻākau hikina o Kina, a ma ka Kōlea Kōlea hoʻi.
- Himalayan musk dia E like me ka inoa e hōʻike nei, noho ia i ka ʻāina ʻo Himalayan.
- ʻ .lio hōkū ʻulaʻula. Noho ma nā wahi waena a komohana hema o Kina, Tibet hema, a ʻo Bhutan, Nepal a me ʻākau hikina ʻo India.
- ʻO dia dia musk o Berezovsky. ʻO nā lāhui ma ka waena a me ka hema o Kina a me ka ʻākau hikina o Vietnam.
- ʻAnhui musk dia. ʻO Endemik i ka moku ʻo Anhui ma ka hikina o Kina.
- ʻO Kashmir musk dia. Noho ma ka ʻākau o India, Pakistan a maliʻa paha ma ka ʻākau hikina o Afghanistan.
- Dia dia musk ʻeleʻele. Noho ia ma ka ʻākau o Kina, Burma, a me India, Bhutan a me Nepal.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
ʻO ka dia kaulana loa o nā dia musk o kēia wā, ʻo Siberian musk deer, noho i kahi ākea nui: ma Siberia Hikina, ma ka hikina o ka Himalayas, a ma Sakhalin a me Korea hoʻi. I ka manawa like, makemake ʻo ia e noho i nā mauna, ʻo ka hapanui o nā coniferous, nā ululāʻau, kahi e paʻakikī ai nā holoholona holoholona a i ʻole ka poʻe e kiʻi iā ia.
Mea nui! Ma muli o ka dia musk he holoholona hilahila a akahele loa hoʻi, hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e noho i nā wahi i hiki ʻole i nā kānaka: i nā ululāʻau ulu lāʻau, i nā lāʻau pāheo a i ʻole nā spruce ulu lāʻau, a ma nā puʻu pali hoʻi.
Ma ke ʻano he lula, pili ia i ka palena o 600-900 mau mika ma luna o ke kai, ʻoiai i kekahi manawa hiki ke piʻi i nā kuahiwi a i 1600 mau mika. Akā ma ka Himalayas a ma Tibet, hiki iā ia ke piʻi i nā pali aia ma 3000 mau mika ma luna o ka pae kai. Inā pono, hiki iā ia ke piʻi i nā pali kuahiwi pali, kahi e hiki ai i nā kānaka ke piʻi aʻe, me ka hoʻohana wale ʻana i nā pono mauna.
ʻAiʻai musk mele
I ka hoʻoilo, ʻo ka ʻai o ka dia musk aneane 95% o nā laikini like ʻole, kahi e ʻai nui ai mai nā kumulāʻau i hina ʻia e ka makani. I ka manawa like, e ʻohiʻohi ana i ka meaʻai, hiki i kēia artiodactyl ke piʻi i kahi kumu lāʻau e ulu ana i luna e 3-4 mau mika a lele lele hoʻi mai kēlā me kēia lālā i kekahi lālā. I ke kau mahana, ʻoi aku ka loli o ka "papa kuhikuhi" o nā ʻelele o kēia ʻano ma muli o nā nila fir a kedera paha, a me nā lau blueberry, ferns, horsetails a me kekahi mau mea ulu umbrella. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka holoholona ke ʻai i nā nila o kēlā me kēia manawa o ka makahiki, e like me ka hoʻoilo.
Hoihoi ia! Mālama nui ka dia Musk e pili ana i nā laikini e ulu ana ma ka ʻāina o kāna pūnaewele: ʻoiai i ka manawa pōloli nui loa, hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e ʻai ʻole iā lākou, akā hōʻiliʻili liʻiliʻi iā lākou i hiki ai iā lākou ke hoʻomau i ka ulu i ka nahele i koho ʻia e ka holoholona.
Eia kekahi, hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo ʻo nā nila o ka fir a kedera paha e hoʻonui i kāna papaʻai, ʻilihune ʻole i ke kau anuanu, me nā huaora, a me nā phytoncides i loko o nā nila, i waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, lawelawe ʻia ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau a pale i nā dia musk mai nā maʻi.
I ka manawa like, i ke kau mahana, hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e ʻai i nā meaʻai mea kanu ʻē aʻe i mea e ola ai nā laikini ma mua o ka hoʻoilo e hiki mai ana.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
Mai Nowemapa a i Kekemapa paha, hoʻomaka nā kāne e māka i ko lākou ʻāina: hiki iā lākou ke kau a 50 mau māka i kēlā me kēia lā. I kēia manawa o ka makahiki, lilo lākou i mea ʻoi loa: pale lākou i kā lākou waiwai a me nā wahine mai ke komo hewa ʻana o nā hoa paio. I ka wā o Rut, hakakā pinepine nā hakakā maoli me ka ʻole o nā lula ma waena o nā kāne, a i kekahi manawa e pau i ka make.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, i ka manawa mua e hoʻāʻo wale nā holoholona e hoʻoweliweli i kekahi i kekahi a hoʻoikaika iā lākou e hoʻi i hope me ka hakakā ʻole. Ke hui lāua, hele wāwae nā kāne a puni ka mea hoʻokūkū ma kahi mamao o 5-7 mau mika mai iā ia, e hānai ana i ka hulu i ke kino a hoʻopaʻa i nā niho canine weliweli. Ma ke ʻano he kūlana, ʻaʻole kūʻē ke kāne ʻōpio i kēia hōʻike o ka mana mai ka hoa hakakā ikaika a hoʻi i hope me ka ʻole o ke kaua. Inā ʻaʻole hiki kēia, a laila hoʻomaka kahi hakakā a hoʻohana ʻia nā hooves ikaika a me nā ʻiʻo ʻoi.
Pākuʻi ikaika nā holoholona i kekahi i kekahi me ko lākou mau wāwae mua ma ke kua a me ka croup, ʻoiai e lele kiʻekiʻe, a ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka hahau ʻana. Me kāna mau kui, hiki i kahi dia musk kāne ke hōʻeha i nā mea ʻino i kāna mea kūʻē, a i kekahi manawa, ʻaʻole nō i kū nā kūpale iā lākou iho i ka ikaika o ka hahau a haki. Ma hope o ka male ʻana i Kēkēmapa a i ʻole Ianuali, hānau ka wahine i hoʻokahi a i ʻole ʻelua mau keiki ma hope o 185-195 mau lā o ka hānau ʻana.
Hoihoi ia! Hānau ʻia nā pēpē i ke kauwela a, i loko o kekahi mau hola ma hope o ko lākou hānau ʻana, waiho ʻia iā lākou iho. Lawe ka wahine iā lākou mai kahi i hānau ai nā keiki a waiho wale iā lākou.
Akā i ka manawa like, ʻaʻole hele mamao ka musk deer mai nā keiki: pale ia iā lākou a hānai iā lākou me ka waiū i ʻelua mau manawa i ka lā no 3-5 mau mahina. I ka hiki ʻana i kēia makahiki, hiki i nā holoholona ʻōpio ke noho kūʻokoʻa.
Akā, mai noʻonoʻo he makuwahine maikaʻi ʻole ka musk deer. I nā manawa āpau ʻoiai he kōkua ʻole a hilinaʻi kāna mau keiki iā ia, kokoke ka wahine i nā pēpē a nānā pono inā aia kekahi mea hōkai ma kahi kokoke. Inā kū maoli ka hoʻoweliweli o ka hoʻouka kaua, haʻi aku ka makuahine musk i kāna keiki me nā leo kani a me nā lele ʻano ʻē e kokoke ana ka ʻenemi a he mea pono e peʻe.
Eia kekahi, ʻo ka wahine, ʻoiai e ʻowī ana i kona ola ponoʻī, hoʻāʻo e ʻumeʻume i ka maka o ka mea ʻaihue ʻaʻole i nā pēpē, akā iā ia iho, a i kona wā e kūleʻa ai, lawe iā ia mai kāna mau keiki. Hiki i kēia mau artiodactyls ke oʻo i ka moekolohe ma 15-18 mau mahina, a ma hope o ka manawa hānau mua hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomaka e hana hou.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
I ka nahelehele, he nui nā ʻenemi o ka dia musk. ʻO ka makaʻu nui loa iā ia ma ka Hikina Hikina a me ʻAsia ka harza - ka nui o nā martens, ka mea maʻa ka ʻimi ʻana i nā ungulate i nā hui ʻohana. Ma ka hānai ʻana, hiki ke nānā ʻia nā dia musk e nā lynxes.
Mea nui! ʻAʻohe o nā holoholona predatory, ʻokoʻa ka poʻe i hoʻopau i ka dia musk no nā kenekulia a lawe iā ia i ka lihi o ka make, hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia he mea weliweli loa no ka noho maoli ʻana o kēia ʻano.
Ma waho o ia mau mea, weliweli pū nā wolobine a me nā ʻalopeke no kēia mau holoholona. ʻO nā Wolves, nā bea, a me nā sables e ʻimi pū hoʻi i nā dia musk, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka holomua ma mua o ka harza a i ʻole ka lynx like, no laila hiki ʻole ke manaʻo ʻia he hōʻeha nui kēia mau predator ʻekolu i ka heluna poʻe musk.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Ke emi mau nei ka heluna o ka poʻe musk deer no ka ʻoki ʻana... No laila, inā ma ka makahiki 1988 ma kahi o 170 tausani mau kānaka o kēia mau artiodactyl i noho ma ka ʻāina o ko mākou ʻāina, a laila ma ka 2002 ua emi ko lākou helu ʻelima mau manawa. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ua hopu ka poʻe i ka manawa a lawe i kēia holoholona i loko o nā puke ʻIkepili ʻikepili Lūkia a me ka honua. Ua loaʻa nā hopena i kēia mau ana: i ka 2016, ua hōʻea ka nui o nā dia musk ma Lūkini i 125 tausani. Ua hāʻawi ʻia nā dia musk Siberian i ke kūlana Vulnerable Species.
No nā kenekulia, kānalua ka ʻano o ka poʻe i ka dia musk. Ma ka ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi, ua ʻimi ʻimi ʻia lākou no ka ʻiʻo, i manaʻo ʻia he ipu nani ia ma kekahi mau wahi o ka nohona o kēia ʻano a, ʻoiai, no ka pono o ke kahawai musky kaulana, ka mea i kapa ʻia i ka wā kahiko he lāʻau lapaʻau no ka ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelua haneli mau maʻi, e like me ka lāʻau kuʻuna hikina.
Mea nui! ʻO nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā dia musk, ʻo ia hoʻi: ʻO nā dia musk Himalayan, nā dia musk ʻulaʻula, ʻo Berezovsky's musk deer, Ankhoi musk deer, Kashmir musk deer, black musk deer, he endangered species, a ʻo kekahi o lākou e kokoke ana i ka make.
No kekahi o nā ʻohana Siberia e noho nei i kēia wahi, ʻo ka dia musk ka mea i hoʻokumu ʻia o nā ikaika pouli: ua manaʻo ʻia he vampire ia a me kahi mea hui o nā ʻuhane ʻino, a ʻo ka hui pū ʻana me ia he hōʻailona maikaʻi ʻole ia, e hōʻike mua ana i ka pōʻino a me ka pōʻino. ʻO nā kamaʻāina ʻē aʻe o ia mau wahi i manaʻoʻiʻo ʻo ka dia musk ke kōkua o ka shaman, a ua manaʻo ʻia kona mau ʻiʻo he talisman ikaika. Eia kekahi, mahalo i ka ʻeli ʻana ma Siberia, ua ʻike ʻia ua kau ʻia e nā lunamakaʻāinana o nā lāhui ka ʻāʻī o kēia mau holoholona ma ke ʻano he amulet e kipaku aku i nā ʻuhane ʻino ma luna o nā pēpē keiki he ʻelima kaukani makahiki aku nei.
ʻO ka nui o kēia mau holoholona kupaianaha i luku ʻia i ka wā i hala no ka unuhi ʻana i kahi gland e hūnā i ka musk, kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai i nā mea ʻala ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoponopono no nā pilau, ma muli o ke kiʻi ʻana a me ka luku ʻia ʻana o kēia mau artiodactyl i hiki i nā ʻāpana mua. No nā kenekulia, ke ʻimi nei ka poʻe noʻonoʻo nui i kahi ala e loaʻa ai ka musk me ka pepehi ʻole ʻana i nā dia musk. A ʻo ka mea hope loa, ua hoʻomohala ʻia kahi ala o ka lawe koko ʻole ʻia o ka musk, kahi e noho wale ai ka holoholona, akā ʻaʻole nō hoʻi e ʻike i nā mea hōʻeha hiki ʻole ke ʻike ʻia.... A i mea e hoʻomaʻalahi hou ai i ka unuhi ʻana o ka mea ʻala makamae, ua hoʻomaka ʻia nā dia musk e hānai ʻia i ka pio, ʻaʻole ia e ʻae wale i ka hoʻopiha ʻana i ka mea ʻala a me ka mākeke lapaʻau me ka nui e pono ai ka musk, akā hāʻawi pū kekahi i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o nā ʻano.
