He iʻa like lūlū kamaʻāina i nā mea he nui. Lawe ʻo ia i kahi moemoeā a ʻike pinepine ʻia i nā waihona wai like ʻole. Hōʻoia ka poʻe lawaiʻa e hiki ke hopu ʻia i ka roach i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa, a hoʻomākaukau ka poʻe hale hana mākaukau i nā ʻano ipu like ʻole mai ia mea. ʻAneʻane ʻike ka poʻe āpau i ke ʻano o kēia iʻa kālā i waho, akā ʻaʻole ʻike ka poʻe āpau e pili ana i kāna mau maʻamau, kona ʻano, a me nā nuances o ka wā spawning. E hoʻomaopopo kākou i nā peculiarities o ke ola o kēia iʻa, ke ʻano o nā ʻano like ʻole.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Roach
ʻO ka roach maʻamau he lunamakaʻāinana o ka papa iʻa i hoʻopau ʻia me ke aho, no ka ʻohana carp a me ke kauoha o nā carps. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka iʻa e kahi helu nui o nā ʻāpana, nona ka inoa ponoʻī.
ʻO Roach ka inoa:
- vobloi;
- hipa kāne;
- chebak;
- ʻiʻo;
- oho hina;
- ʻeke ʻeke.
I ka laulā o Siberia a me nā Ural, kapa ʻia ka roach he chebak, nona kahi kino ololi elongated a me nā maka melemele. Hiki i ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka chebak ke hōʻea i 32 knm, a me kona kaumaha - a i 760 gram. Ma nā moku ʻo Kirov, Arkhangelsk, Vologda a ma ka palena o ka Nenets Autonomous Okrug, kapa ʻia ka roach ʻo ka murie, he maka ʻulaʻula ko ka iʻa a he kino ākea kona ma mua o ka chebak.
Video: Roach
Ma Lake Baikal a ma ke kahawai ʻo Yenisei, hiki i kekahi ke lohe i kahi inoa no ka roach ma ke ʻano he ala. Hiki ke loaʻa ka vobla i ka nui o ke kai Caspian, i ka wā o ka hānau ʻana e komo i Volga, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka iʻa ma mua o 30 cm. Noho ka hipa kāne i ka wai o ka Azov a me nā Kai ʻEleʻele, e komo ana i nā kahawai o nā kahawai e kahe ana i loko o ka wā spawning ʻO 35cm ka lōʻihi ʻoi o kona kino, a ʻo kona nui ma kahi o ʻelua kilokilo.
Kāhea ʻia ka roach wai hou kahi noho, a ʻo nā iʻa e noho ana i nā waihona wai i kapa ʻia ʻo semi-anadromous. Ma waena o nā ʻano noho, ʻo ka Siberian roach (chebak) ka waiwai nui loa, kahi i mina ʻia ma kahi pālākiʻoihana. ʻO nā subspecies semi-anadromous e like me ram a me vobla he waiwai kūʻai kā hoʻi.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: E pili ana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻano a me nā ʻāpana o ka roach ma waena o nā ʻepekema, ke kūkākūkā nei nō. Manaʻo kekahi he hewa ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o kēia iʻa i nā ʻāpana, a ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe, ua manaʻo ʻia kekahi o nā ʻāpana i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka roach
Hoʻolālā ke ʻano o ke kino o ka roach, pālahalaha iki ke kino mai nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO ke kumu, he kala kala ko nā unahi iʻa, akā i kekahi manawa aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona o ka hue keleawe-melemele, pili ia i nā wahi o ka paʻa mau o ka iʻa. ʻO ka pali o ka roach kahi hue hina hina, i kekahi manawa e shimmers me nā kani polū a ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Roach mai nā ʻohana pili i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā niho pharyngeal mālie, aia ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka waha.
Nui a pālahalaha nā unahi o ka roach; ma ka laina ʻaoʻao, hiki iā ʻoe ke helu mai 40 a 45 mau unahi. ʻO ka fin dorsal he 9 a 11 mau kukuna, a ʻo ka fin anal he 9-12. ʻAʻole nānā ʻia ka laina waena waena i ka iʻa. Pākuʻi like nā dorsal a me nā pelvic fins. He ʻōmaʻomaʻo-hina a brownish paha nā caudal a me nā dorsal, ʻo ka ʻalani a ʻulaʻula paha nā pelvic, pectoral a me anal fins. He ʻalani a ʻulaʻula paha ka maka o ka maka.
He kiko kuhi ko ke poʻo iʻa. Liʻiliʻi ka waha o ka roach, a kūlia ka iwi ā luna i mua, e hana ana i kahi ʻano iʻa kaumaha. ʻAe kūpaʻa ʻo Roach i ka wai haumia, kahi ma kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka oxygen. Hoʻomaka ka ulu ʻana o ka roach i kahi wikiwiki, i ka makahiki mua o ke ola kona lōʻihi he 5 cm, kokoke i ka makahiki o ʻekolu mau makahiki, ʻokoʻa ka lōʻihi o ka iʻa mai 12 a 15 cm, a ulu a 30 cm ke hiki i ka makahiki he ʻumi. Ma ka awelika, ʻo ka lōʻihi o kahi kanaka makua mai 10 a 25 cm, a ʻo kona kaumaha hiki mai 150 a 500 mau huna.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka moʻolelo o ka honua ma Kelemania, kahi i hopu ai lākou i kahi roach he 2,58 kg ke kaumaha.
Ma hea e noho ai ka roach?
Kiʻi: Roach i ka wai
ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka roach kahi ākea loa, hele ia mai UK a me ʻEulopa ʻEulopa a i ka ʻākau o Kuekene a me Pinilana. Ma nā panalāʻau o ʻAkia Minor a me ka Crimea, loaʻa ka roach, akā liʻiliʻi loa kona poʻe. I ke kai Mediterranean, ʻaʻole loaʻa iki ka iʻa. Hoʻouna ʻia nā subspecies semi-anadromous i loko o ka wai o nā kai ʻEleʻele a me Azov. Ua pale ʻo Roach i ka Hikina Hikina a me ke kahawai Amur.
Noho ka iʻa i nā kino wai like ʻole, e noho nei:
- i ka Volga;
- Lena;
- ʻObi;
- Yenisei;
- ma Lake Baikal;
- i ka wai o Lake Zaysan;
- i ka wai o ke Kai Aral.
Ua lawe ka poʻe i roach i ʻIlalani, ka ʻāina ʻo ʻAukekulelia, Morocco, Sepania a me ʻItalia, kahi i ʻaʻa pono ai nā iʻa. Ua hoʻololi ka roach unpretentious i ka wai o nā loko wai hou a me nā kahawai nāwaliwali. Hiki ke loaʻa ʻo Roach i nā auwai liʻiliʻi, nā loko iʻa, nā kahawai kuahiwi kūpikipiki, e kū ana i hope o ka wai, i nā kai kū kai kahakai. ʻO nā kino o ka wai, noʻonoʻo ʻole ʻia i ka oxygen a hoʻonui ʻia me nā nāhelehele, mai makaʻu iki i kēia iʻa liʻiliʻi.
Pili kokoke i nā kapakai, noho ka moa ʻaumakua a me nā ʻōpio, a ʻo nā kānaka oʻo a kaumaha hoʻi ma ka lalo. I ke kauwela, hoʻonoho pinepine ʻia ka roach ma luna o ka ʻili o ka wai, no ka mea meaʻai māmā ma nā mea kolo. Me ka hoʻokokoke ʻana o ka hoʻoilo, ʻākoakoa ka iʻa i loko o nā kula a hele hohonu aku, kokoke i nā mānoanoa a me nā snags o ka wai.
I kēia manawa ʻike ʻoe i kahi i loaʻa ai ka iʻa roach. E ʻike kāua i kāna mea e ʻai ai.
He aha ka ʻai a ka roach?
Kiʻi: Roach iʻa
I ka meaʻai, he unpretentious ka roach, a he ʻokoʻa loa kāna papaʻai.
Aloha nā iʻa oʻo e ʻai:
- keiki hānai;
- pūpū;
- kōkō koko;
- ilo:
- larvae dragonfly;
- nā piko;
- palai;
- limu.
ʻAi nā ʻōpio a me nā ʻai i nā koena o nā invertebrates i make, nā larvae a me nā pupae o nā makika pusher. I mea e ulu ikaika ai, pono e ola ka roach i ka wai alkaline me kahi maʻi calcium kiʻekiʻe. ʻAʻole pono e hoʻohaumia ʻia ka loko iʻa, nui nā mauʻu a me nā hoʻokūkū liʻiliʻi e ʻoluʻolu. I ke kauwela kau o ko lākou ola, makemake ka pā i nā limu a me nā daphnia hoʻokahi pūnana. I ke kauwela, hoʻomaka lākou e ʻimi i nā holoholona ʻauʻau liʻiliʻi.
Ke hoʻomaka ka iʻa e ʻai i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa, holomua ka ulu ʻana o kā lākou ulu, hoʻonui i ka laulā mai ka ʻewalu a i ka ʻumi mau manawa. Hoʻomaka ka makua a makua a moa e hoʻololi i nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona o lalo. A hiki i kona ulu ʻana a i ka ʻumikūmālima kenimika ka lōʻihi, hānai ka roach i nā lū, nā ʻano mea kolo āpau a me nā limu. ʻAi nā kānaka nui aku i nā invertebrates nui (e laʻa me nā nīʻī kai).
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: ʻO ka manawa e lawe ai i ka roach e ʻeli i ka mea a lākou e ʻai ai e pili ana i ka mahana wela. Ma nā kekelē 21 me kahi hōʻailona plus, he ʻehā paha hola, ke anuanu mai ka hoʻohui ʻana o ʻelima a i ʻole ʻewalu, lawe ʻia i 72 mau hola e ʻeli.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Roach i ke kauwela
Noho ʻo Roach i nā kula, i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka makahiki iʻa. ʻO ka maʻamau, hiki ke ʻike ʻia kahi laʻana nui aʻe i ke kula o ka iʻa liʻiliʻi. Hoʻopili nā ʻōpio i ka wai pāpaʻu a me ke kahakai kahakai, ʻoiai ke ola nei nā kānaka makua i ka hohonu. Makemake ka iʻa i ka ʻohe a me ka ʻohe. Hele pū ka pūʻulu iʻa a pau i ka hoʻoilo, a i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ka hoʻoheheʻe o ka hau, ʻauʻau ka iʻa i nā wahi liʻiliʻi, a i kēia wā nahu lākou me ka eleu.
He akahele a makaʻu hoʻi ka roach, no laila ke makaʻala mau nei ia a hiki ke hoʻi koke me kahi walaʻau kūwaho. ʻEleu ka iʻa i ke ao a i ke ahiahi. ʻAʻohe ona pilikia kūikawā i ka meaʻai. ʻai ʻo roach i nā mea kanu a me nā ʻano holoholona like ʻole me ka leʻaleʻa. I ke kiʻekiʻe loa o ke kauwela, ke nui ka meaʻai, lilo ka hana a nā iʻa, no laila hoʻohana nā lawaiʻa i nā maunu a me nā maunu like ʻole e ʻumeʻume ai iā ia. A i ke kauwela, i ka wā e make ai nā mea kanu wai, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka ʻono o ka roach a ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopu ʻia.
Hiki ke kapa ʻia ʻo Roach he iʻa unpretentious a omnivorous i hoʻopili i ke ola i nā ʻano wai like ʻole, ʻaʻole makaʻu i ka haumia a i ʻole ka pae haʻahaʻa o ka oxygen i loko o ka wai. I ke kau waena o ke kau hoʻoilo, ke hoʻomākaukau nei ka iʻa no ka hoʻoilo, e hoʻopili ana i nā kula. I ka hoʻoilo, nui ka iʻa i ka hohonu, kahi i nui nā mānoanoa a me nā snags. I ka hōʻea ʻana mai o ka pūnāwai, hoʻouna ʻia nā lau wai hohonu, a hoʻouna ʻia nā kula iʻa i uka, kahi e hoʻomaka ai lākou e ʻai, e hopu ana i nā ʻano nāhelehe like ʻole.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: ʻO nā wā ʻoi loa no ka nahu ʻana o ka roach ka manawa ma mua o ka hānau ʻana (hoʻokahi pule ma mua o ia) a ma hope o ka hānau ʻana - a i ka hopena o Mei a i ʻole ka hoʻomaka o Iune. I ka puna, ke loaʻa ʻole ka manawa o ka wai e mahana ai, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka nahu ʻana i ke awakea, a i ke kauwela wela, ʻike ʻia ka nahu hana ʻana i ka wanaʻao.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Little roach
Hiki i nā kāne a me nā wahine o ke roach ke hana i nā manawa like ʻole, i nā kāne ke hele mai i ka makahiki ʻelua a ʻehā mau makahiki, i nā wahine - mai ʻehā a ʻelima. Kū ka wā spawning i ka hopena o ʻApelila a hala i ka mahina o Mei. No ka hoʻoulu ʻana, koho ʻo ka roach i nā wahi ma kahi nāhelehele ma lalo o ka wai, a me nā kahawai, nā wai papau, nā wahi kai i hoʻopiha ʻia, nā wahi o nā kahawai me kahi kahe wikiwiki e kūpono i kēia kaʻina hana. I ka wā o ka moʻo ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i ka lele ʻana o ka roach mai ka wai, a kāpīpī. Hoʻāʻo nā kāne e ukali i nā wahine ma nā wahi āpau.
Ke hoʻomehana ka wai a hiki i ka 10 kekelē me ka hōʻailona plus, lilo ka lole o nā kāne i mea ʻole, i hana ʻia e nā puʻupuʻu kukui e ʻike ʻia ma ke kino. I nā ʻohana hipa, hoʻopā ka wahine i nā ʻaoʻao kolohe o nā kāne ma kahi o ʻelua mau pule, ka mea e hoʻowalewale i nā hua, a he ʻulaʻula melemele ko lākou. Hiki i hoʻokahi wahine mai 10 a 200 tausani o lākou, ʻokoʻa ke anawaena o nā hua manu mai hoʻokahi a hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua millimeter. I nā waihona wai kahi ʻole o kēia manawa, pili nā hua i ka mauʻu, nā ʻohe, a me nā aʻa o nā kumu kai. I ka wai me ke au, paʻa ʻia lākou e ka moʻo willow a me nā pōhaku.
ʻO ka manawa incubation mai 4 a 12 mau lā, i ka wā hānau, fry kahi lōʻihi o 4 a 6 mm. Aia nā pēpē a hiki i hoʻokahi mahina i loko o nā mānoanoa lalo, e hānai ana a hūnā ʻana mai nā poʻe makemake kīnā manu ʻole. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka palai no nā wai kahi lohi a hele ʻole paha ke au i kēia manawa (loko, kahawai). Makemake nā iʻa ʻōpio i nā wahi wai pāpaʻu, a lohi ka ulu ʻana o kā lākou ulu. ʻO ka awelika o ke ola ʻana o roach ma kahi o 20 mau makahiki, i loko o kēia manawa lōʻihi a hiki i ke kanaha kenimika ka lōʻihi.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: I nā kahawai kokoke i nā mea kanu uila, hiki ke manawa o ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka roach i Ianuali, pili kēia i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka wai mehana mehana.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o roach
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka roach
I ko lākou kūlohelohe, lawa ka ʻenemi o ka makaʻu a me ka liʻiliʻi. I ke kauwela a i ka hoʻomaka mua o ke kauwela, nui ka nui o nā hua manu o kēia iʻa make, no ka mea ʻai ikaika ʻia e nā puhi. Hiki ke hoʻonohonoho ʻia i nā perced preded a me ka pike i waena o nā ʻenemi o ka roach, hele pū lākou me kāna mau shoals, hana pinepine i nā hoʻouka i ka wā o ka spawning. Nānā kahi iʻa ʻaihue no kahi moa ʻōpio i ka ulu o ka wai, kahi e ʻauʻau ai e ʻimi i ka plankton. ʻAʻole kū iki ʻo Pike perch i ka meaʻai māmā i ka moa, hoʻouka lākou i ka iʻa me ke kuʻi ʻana i ko lākou mau poʻo, a nahu pū lākou me nā niho ʻāʻī. ʻAi nā chuttonous chub i ka ʻai o ka moa a me nā ʻōpio ʻike ʻole.
Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia kekahi mau manu i nā ʻenemi iʻa, no ka laʻana, cormorants, ʻai i ka hapalua kilokani iʻa i ka lā hoʻokahi. ʻAi pū nā Kingfishers i ka iʻa a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku i ka 10 kenimika ka nui. ʻO nā herona, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē, makemake i nā moa nui, ʻai i nā iʻa makua, ma kahi o 35 knm ka lōʻihi. ʻAi ʻia ka ʻiʻo manu i ka wai papau, kahi e luʻu pono ai lākou, e hopu ana i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ia mea, ʻaʻole ma mua o 16 knm. ...
Hoʻohui ʻia i nā iʻa me nā manu ʻānō, ʻai ʻia ka roach e nā otters, muskrats, minks, kahi e ʻimi ai ma kahakai. E ale koke ʻia nā iʻa liʻiliʻi i loko o ka wai, a ʻo ka mea nui e ʻai ʻia ma ka ʻāina. Ma waho o nā ʻelele like ʻole o ka holoholona, nā ʻano maʻi āpau e hoʻopili i ka roach, kahi e make ai ka iʻa kekahi. Kū ka maʻi ʻike ʻeleʻele i ka iʻa ma muli o ka ʻai ʻana i nā hika i loaʻa i nā larva o ka worm parasite. ʻIke ʻia nā kiko ʻeleʻele i ke kino o kahi iʻa maʻi; ʻaʻole pilikia kēia kanaka i kēia parasite.
ʻO ka hānai ʻana i nā ʻauwa wai, lilo ka roach i maʻi me ka ligulosis. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia maʻi e ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana o ka tapeworm i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka iʻa, kahi e hoʻomaka ai e kaomi i nā iʻa iʻa i loko, kahi e make ai ka roach a make koke.
Hoʻopili nā ʻenemi o ka roach i ka poʻe i kāohi kaulana ʻia me kahi koʻokoʻo. Lawe ka poʻe puni lawaiʻa i ka nui o ka roach, kahi e hoʻomākaukau ai nā ʻano kīʻaha like ʻole. ʻOno ka ʻiʻo o ka iʻa a he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa kona, a no laila kūpono ia no ka poʻe mālama i ko lākou kiʻi, e pili ana i ka papaʻai.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: I UK, hopu ʻia ʻo roach no ka leʻaleʻa, ʻaneʻane hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā iʻa i hopu ʻia i loko o ka wai. ʻOiai manaʻo ʻia ka roach e ʻai ʻia, ʻaʻole mahalo ka poʻe Pelekania iā ia, makemake lākou i nā ʻano iʻa ʻē aʻe.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Roach iʻa
Nui loa ka laulā o ka hāʻawi ʻana o ka roach, hoʻololi kēia iʻa liʻiliʻi i nā kino wai like ʻole. He unpretentious ʻo ia i ke kaiapuni a me omnivorous. ʻAʻole pili ka nui o ka lehulehu o kēia iʻa i ka hopohopo i nā hui kaiapuni, i ka ʻokoʻa, i kekahi o nā kino wai he nui loa ia.
Ma hope i nā makahiki 70 o ke kenekulia i hala, ua hina nui ka noi no ka roach ma ka ʻĀkau o ʻEulopa. ʻAi ka iʻa i ka zooplankton a ulu lohi, e alakaʻi ai i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo nā waihona kahi e noho ai lākou e hoʻomaka e ulu a pua, no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou i hopu ʻia no nā ʻoihana. ʻO ka hopu ʻana i ka roach e alakaʻi i ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana o ka nui o ka zooplankton, kahi hoʻemi o ka ʻike o ka nitrogen a me ka phosphore i loko o ka wai, i hāʻawi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e hoʻomaka nā ʻano iʻa waiwai e ulu a hoʻomohala i kona wahi.
Hiki ke kūʻai ʻia aku i nā iʻa nui, akā i ka nui o ka waena o ʻEulopa he kumukūʻai nui ia, a hoʻohana ʻia ka hapa nui o nā iʻa e hana i nā holoholona a me biodiesel hoʻi. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi papahana ma Finilana, kahi e hāʻawi ai no ka hopu ʻana a 350 mau tona o ka roach i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia he waiwai kūʻai ʻoi loa ka hipa kāne a me ka roach; kūʻai ʻia aku kēia iʻa i hou a maloʻo hoʻi.
No laila, noho ka roach i kahi iʻa he nui, ʻaʻole ia he hōʻike i kekahi waiwai ʻoihana kūikawā, i kekahi mau ʻāina ʻaʻole hoʻohana ʻia ia no ka meaʻai. ʻOiai ʻai ʻia ka nui o nā ʻai a me nā hua e nā iʻa meʻa, nā manu, a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole hoʻoweliweli ʻia ka nui o ka roach me ka make ʻana o kēia, no laila ʻaʻole ia ma lalo o kahi pale kūikawā a ʻaʻole pono ia i nā hana pale kūikawā.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: Hiki i ka Roach ke hui pū me ka rudd, chub a me ka bream, e hana pinepine ʻia. ʻO kēlā mau hybrids he waihoʻoluʻu mae wale a ʻaʻole hiki i ka hapanui o lākou ke hana hou, akā ʻo kēia kumu ʻaʻohe hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka nui o ka iʻa iʻa.
I ka hopena, makemake wau e hoʻomaopopo i kēlā me kēia lūlū Hōʻike i kāna waiwai ponoʻī: no kekahi, he makana maikaʻi loa ia i ka lawaiʻa haʻuki, mahalo nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i kāna mau hiʻohiʻona gastronomic, e hoʻomākaukau ana i ka nui o nā meaʻono wale nō, akā ʻo ke olakino maikaʻi loa, nā kīʻahaʻai, a ʻo kekahi e lawaiʻa iʻa me ka pahuhopu o kāna kūʻai hou aku.A ke hoʻomanaʻo nei i ka ʻono o ka roach i hoʻōla ʻia, hoʻomaka ka hapa nui i ka salivate.
Lā paʻi: 08/13/2019
Lā hou: 14.08.2019 ma 9:16
