Pepehi hipa - ʻo kēia ka mea i kapa ʻia ai e nā mea mahiʻai ʻo Aotearoa ka manu. I ka hoʻoilo, hana keka ʻaʻā e like me nā holoholona insatiable, akā ʻaʻole kēia ko lākou ʻano ʻē aʻe.
Ka wehewehe o ke kākā kea
ʻO Nestor notabilis (kea) no ka genus ʻo Nestor, a loaʻa iā ia kona inoa pōkole sonorous mai ka Maori, nā ʻōiwi o Nūhōlani... ʻAʻole i hoʻopilikia nā kamaʻāina iā lākou iho me ka ʻimi lōʻihi no kahi inoa kapakapa, e hoʻoholo ana e kapa i nā ʻoka e like me kā lākou kāhea nui ʻana "ke-aaa".
Helehelena
ʻAʻole hiki iā Kea ke hoʻonani me ka lauwili a me ka ʻōlinolino o ka plumage, ke ʻano o ka nui o nā ʻaka. ʻO nā lunamaka o nā laha e nānā akahai, no ka mea, ua pena ʻia ka ʻaoʻao i waho / luna o ke kino a me nā ʻeheu i ke kala a me nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo (me nā ʻano like ʻole). ʻO ka wax hina ʻeleʻele, outline a puni nā maka a me nā paws hina ʻaʻole e hoʻohui i ka expressiveness. Hoʻololi ke kiʻi ke wehe koke ka ʻoloka i kāna ʻēheu ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ma lalo e ʻike ʻia ai nā hulu ʻalani a ʻulaʻula paha. ʻAʻole ulu ka kea makua ma mua o ka hapalua mika (me ka ʻēheu o 33-34 cm) a kaupaona mai 0.7 a 1 kg.
Hoihoi ia! He nuku kupaianaha loa ko ke kea: ʻoiʻoi loa ia, ʻōwili ikaika a kiʻekiʻe kona nuku ma mua o ka nuku o lalo. Kea (ma muli o ke ʻano ʻokoʻa o ka nuku) i kapa ʻia i kekahi manawa ʻo ka falcon parrot.
Ma ke ala, ua ʻike nā ornithologists i ke kaʻina o nā noi hou i morphologically, ʻo nā falcons kokoke loa i nā ʻoka, ʻaʻole i nā ʻano manu lele e like me nā ʻaeto a me nā hawk.
ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nohona
ʻOi ke kiʻekiʻe o Kea e like me ka moa, akā ʻoi aku ia i ka ʻike, a ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia i waena o nā holoholona akamai o ka honua. E pili ana i ka IQ, ʻo ka manu ma mua o nā primata. Eia kekahi, ʻo ke kea (e noho ana ma luna o 1.5 km ma luna o ka ʻilikai) ʻo ia wale nō ka ʻoloka o ka mauna a lawelawe ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he kumu hoʻohālikelike. No nā ʻoka o kēia laha, ua hoʻopili ʻia i ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā hana i hāʻawi ʻia e ke kūlohelohe no nā māiʻuʻu a me ka nuku. Hāʻawi ʻia lākou i nā ʻoka e piʻi koke i nā kumulāʻau a haki ka hua, akā i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ke kea i lilo i poʻe ʻaihue, hoʻomaka lākou e hana i kahi hana ʻokoʻa.
Mea nui! ʻO nā Lunamakaainana o nā laha e alakaʻi (e pili ana i nā kūlana) i kahi lā a i ʻole ka nohona pō, ʻike ʻia e kahi nohona maʻamau, ua hoʻomaʻa i nā ʻano aniau paʻakikī, a ʻo ka mea, ʻaʻole makaʻu iki i ke anuanu.
ʻO Kea he mau manu iʻa i kaʻauʻau i kekahi manawa i ka puddles i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a i ʻole ka lele i ka hau. ʻIke pinepine ʻia ka hana Nocturnal i ke kau mahana; ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o nā manu ʻōpio ma mua o nā mākua. Holo pōkole aku nei ka Kea i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, a ʻākoakoa i mau pua hipa nui, ʻoi loa ma mua o ka ʻino, e hoʻopuni ana ma nā awāwa me ka uē nui ʻana.
ʻO ke akamai nui a me ka hoihoi, i kākoʻo ʻia e ka nele o ka hilahila a me ka wiwo ʻole, ua hoʻolilo i ke kea i mea pāʻani no nā poʻe mākaʻikaʻi he nui a me ka hoʻopaʻi maoli no nā kamaʻāina kūloko (ka poʻe i kapa aku i nā ʻoka "clowns of the mauna"). I ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, hōʻuluʻulu kea i nā landfills a hilahila ʻole i nā ipu ʻōpala, e hoʻolei pololei i kā lākou ʻike i ka lepo. E kiʻi aʻe kahi kea pōloli i ka ulana kaʻa o ke kaʻa, e nānā i loko o nā ʻeke a me nā ʻeke, nā halelewa, ʻaʻole e nānā i ka poʻe e kū kokoke ana iā ia.
Ehia kea e noho nei
ʻO nā ʻoka o ka laha Nestor notabilis e ola lōʻihi, i kekahi manawa piʻi i kahi hapalua kenekulia. Maikaʻi ʻo Kea i ka taming a ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka pio. I kēia manawa, ua aʻa ke kea i loko o kekahi mau park zological i ka honua - ma Amsterdam, Budapest, Warsaw, Copenhagen a me Vienna.
Dimorphism moekolohe
ʻOi aku ka nui a mālamalama o nā kāne kāne ma mua o nā wahine, ʻano pōuliuli hoʻi. Hoʻohui, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka nuku o ke kāne ma mua o ko ka wahine.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO nā manu, me ka nānā ʻole i ka wahine, e aʻo maʻalahi (ʻo ka nānā pinepine ʻana i ka mea pili), hoʻokaʻawale i nā kala, hoʻonā i nā pilikia kūpono a hōʻike i kahi hoʻomanaʻo maikaʻi loa. Hana wale ʻo Kea a ma ke ʻano he kime, a hoʻokolohua pū kekahi i hiki ʻole i nā mōʻī ke hele.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
ʻIke ʻia ʻo Kea ma ke ʻano he hopena o Nūhōlani, ʻoiai ke ola wale nei ia i nā kuahiwi o ka South Island (ma luna o ka nahele nahele). Ua loli maikaʻi kēia ʻano i nā hoʻoilo hau, makemake i ke aniau paʻakikī i ka mehana subtropical. ʻAʻole makaʻu ʻo Kea i nā noe pua wai a me nā makani ikaika o ke kauwela, ua maʻa lākou i nā hau hoʻoilo a me nā pā hau.
Noho ʻo Kea i nā kuahiwi, nā ululāʻau beech a me nā awāwa me nā pali lāʻau pali, e iho ana i kekahi mau manawa i nā kula alpine a e ʻimi ana i nā ulu lāʻau. ʻAʻole makaʻu ʻo Parrots i nā kānaka, no laila noho pinepine lākou kokoke i nā kahua hoʻomoana, nā hōkele, nā wahi mākaʻikaʻi a me nā hale.
Meaʻai a kahi kākā kea
ʻIke ʻia nā kālena mākaukau o Kea i kāna papaʻai. Makemake nui nā ʻōlapa e ʻai i nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona. Aia i ka waihona hānai o kea nā mea hoʻohui aʻe:
- mauʻu a me nā huaʻai;
- na anoano a me na hua kukui;
- ʻenuhe honua;
- nā mea kolo a me kā lākou larvae;
- invertebrates
Huki nā ʻoka i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi mai lalo o nā pōhaku a i ʻole loaʻa i waena o nā mea kanu o ka lepo. Loaʻa nā hua a me ka nectar pua i nā manu wale nō i ke kau mahana, a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke anuanu a me ka hau mua, ua koi ʻia ke kea e hoʻololi i ka papa kuhikuhi iʻa.
Hoihoi ia! E like me ka mea i hoʻololi ʻia, hiki i nā ʻelele āpau o ka laha ke ʻai i nā holoholona a me nā pāʻani, hoʻoulu ʻia e ka pōloli, i hana pinepine ʻia i ka hoʻoilo a me ka mua o ka puna (me ka hapa o nā hānai ʻē aʻe). Ma ke ala, i kēia manawa aia ka make nui o nā hipa, kahi a nā kea pono ʻole e hana ai.
Pehea ʻo kea i lilo i poʻe ʻaihue
ʻO nā ʻoka o ka Mokupuni Hema i hoʻopau ʻia e nā poʻe noho ʻEulopa... Ma mua o ko lākou helehelena, kea, e like me nā nīnoa laʻana, hānai ʻia i nā nati, nā lau, nā hua a me nā kolo.
Ua hoʻonui ka poʻe ʻEulopa i ka pae gastronomic o kea me kahi huahana protein kiʻekiʻe loa, a i ʻole kaʻiʻo, e waiho ana i nā dia make a me nā hipa kūloko a hāʻule i loko o nā ululāʻau. ʻAʻole hoʻomaʻamaʻa hou ʻo Kea ma ke ʻano he poʻe ʻaihue wale nō, akā ma ke ʻano he scavenger, i ko lākou hoʻomaka ʻana e ʻai ikaika i nā kupapaʻu popopo.
ʻAʻole piʻi wale ka heluna o nā ʻoka, akā ua kipaku hoʻi i nā palena o nā wahi noho, e iho mai ana mai nā mauna kiʻekiʻe a hiki i nā pali o lalo o nā kuahiwi a kau i nā kihi ʻākau o ka mokupuni. Ua hōʻiliʻili nā manu i nā ʻōpala mai nā hale luku, ʻohiʻohi i nā momona i waiho ʻia ma nā ʻili hipa i wili ʻia, a ma hope ua ʻono lākou i ka ʻiʻo hipa. I ka manawa mua, ʻoluʻolu nā manu me ka ʻiʻo o nā holoholona make, akā ua ʻono lākou a hoʻomaka i ka huki ʻana i ka momona subcutaneous mai nā hipa maʻi / ʻelemakule, ʻaʻole hiki ke pale aku i nā ʻoka ʻino.
Hoihoi ia! Ma hope o kekahi manawa, ua hoʻomaka ke kea kolohe a ikaika loa hoʻi a nā kahu hipa i kapa aku ai i ka pepehi kanaka hipa, e hoʻouka i nā holoholona ʻōpio a olakino hoʻi. ʻOiaʻiʻo, i loko o ka pūʻulu koa hakakā o nā hipa he kakaikahi - maʻa mau o nā ʻāʻī ʻoʻoleʻa.
Ke hana pū nei kēia pūʻulu o nā pōā hulu i kahi hana mahalo ʻole - hoʻouka lākou i nā hipa, e ʻae ana i kā lākou mau hoa e hānai iā lākou iho me kaʻiʻo pulp. Ua hōʻino ka ʻimi hipa i ka inoa o nā ʻoka, akāka ʻole e hoʻokūpaʻa i ka pilina ma waena o nā kea a me nā mahiʻai o New Zealand: ua hoʻomaka ka inaina i ka mea mua me ka huhū nui.
Holo hipa
ʻO ka manu e ʻai ana e iho mua i ka honua ma kahi kokoke i kahi mea i loaʻa ʻia, a laila lele lele wikiwiki i kona kua. ʻAʻole kūleʻa ka ʻoka i ka hopu koke ʻana i ka ʻili hipa, ʻoiai hoʻāʻo ka hipa hōʻoluʻolu e hoʻoluliluli. Hoʻāʻo hou ʻo Kea a nahu mai nā maiuu ona i ka ʻili a hiki ʻole i ka hipa ke hoʻolei iā ia i lalo.
Lele aku ka manu i ka hipa, a holo kiki i ke kula me ka mea hoʻoholo hulu ma kona kua, huhū piha me ka makaʻu a me ka ʻeha. Makemake ka hipa e hoʻolei i ka mea komo i ka holo, akā ʻaʻole kūleʻa iki: pili paʻa ka ʻoka i ka ʻili, e hana like ana me kāna mau māiʻuʻu a me ka nuku. Hoʻonui a hoʻomāhuahua ʻo Kea i ka ʻeha ma ka haehae ʻana i ka ʻili a haehae i nā ʻiʻo / momona.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO ka hopena o ke kūʻē he mea weliweli ia - ʻoiai ma hope o ka hemo ʻana o ka ʻoka, hāʻule ka hipa a make ma muli o kahi ʻeha maʻi nui i kau ʻia ma luna ona (ma kahi o 10 cm ke anawaena).
Ke hāʻule nei kahi holoholona i hoʻohuli ʻia e kahi ʻoloka mai ka pali a haki. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia hopena no nā kea - hipa o nā lāhui ʻohana i hū i ka kupapaʻu hou, e nānā ana i ka ʻimi holoholona mai ka ʻaoʻao. Hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe kiaʻi manu i kēia ʻano hana o ka ʻai ʻana e kōkua ai i ka ʻakaʻaka e hānai i kā lākou mau moa, a ola pū i ka hoʻoilo hau hau.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
Loaʻa i ke kau moʻo o kea kahi ʻano manawa vague.... Hōʻoiaʻiʻo kekahi mau mea kūlohelohe i ka hānau ʻana o nā ʻoka i Iune, a ʻo kekahi poʻe e pili ana i nā lālau hope i ʻike ʻia i Nowemapa a ʻo Ianuali - Pepeluali.
Kūkulu ʻo Kea i ko lākou mau pūnana ma nā kahawai pōhaku a me nā hakahaka, e hoʻohana ana i nā ʻaoʻao kūlohelohe e alakaʻi ana i loko, a me nā lua lepo e kū ana ma kahi hohonu o 7 m.
Mahalo i nā hale kūlohelohe, ʻaʻole ʻeha nā hua a me nā moa i nā ʻino, nā hau a me nā ua ua, no laila, ʻo ka "make pēpē" ma muli o ke aniau maikaʻi ʻole i ka laha he haʻahaʻa loa. ʻElua mau pule ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻouluulu ʻana. Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻole o ka kea huaʻōlelau paʻakikī, hatch nā moa ʻelua i ka hoʻoilo, e hoʻomaka ana i Iune i New Zealand, a i ka puna (i Kepakemapa).
Hoihoi ia! ʻO nā keiki hānau hou, hānai pono ʻia e ko lākou makuakāne, ulu koke ʻia me ka hina lōʻihi i lalo. Ma ke ala, hānai nā kāne ʻaʻole wale nā keiki, akā ʻo ka wahine hoʻi. I kekahi mau mahina ma hope, haʻalele ka makuahine i ka pua makua, a waiho iā ia i ka mālama a kona makuakāne.
Piʻi nā moa Kea ma luna o ka ʻēheu ma hope o 70 mau lā, akā haʻalele i kā lākou pūnana ʻōiwi ma hope aku, i ka hala ʻana o 3–3.5 mahina. Loaʻa nā hiki ke hoʻohua ma ka laha Nestor notabilis ma hope o ʻekolu a ʻoi paha mau makahiki.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
ʻO ka pūʻali koa o nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o kea nā mea i hoʻolauna ʻia, keu hoʻi nā pōpoki hānai, nā ermine a me nā posum. Aia kekahi pūnana manu i kahi makaʻu nui hoʻi, 60% o lākou e luku ʻia e nā mea hōkai ʻāina.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Kea i nā ʻoihana o ke kaiapuni mai ka makahiki 1970. E like me ka 2017, ua manaʻo ʻia he palupalu kēia ʻano a ua hoʻokomo ʻia kēia kūlana i ka IUCN Red List, a me ka Annex II o ka Convention on Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna / Flora.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO ka hōʻino maoli ʻia i ka heluna kanaka i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā mea ʻimi holoholona a me nā mahiʻai o New Zealand, ka mea i hoʻopiʻi i nā ʻāhiu mauna o ka luku ʻole ʻana i nā hipa kūloko. Akā inā ʻoe e mākaukau me nā helu helu, ʻike ʻia he mea kakaikahi loa nā hihia o ka make ʻana o nā holoholona mai nā paws / nuku o kea, a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā make nui o nā hipa mai nā maʻi a me ke anuanu.
ʻAʻohe hōʻeha ʻo Parrot i nā holoholona olakino, maʻa mau me nā kupapaʻu o ka poʻe i make, a me nā kahu hipa nāna i ʻike i ke kupapaʻu ke kumu o kona make ʻana i kea makeʻe koko. I ke kenekulia i hala, ua luku ʻia ka poʻe Nūhōlani ma aneane he 29 tausani mau ʻoka i loko o 8 mau makahiki. ʻAʻole luhi nā mana o Nūhōlani i ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka heluna kānaka he liʻiliʻi ka pōʻino i kea no ka mahi holoholona ʻana a hoʻokumu ʻia (mai ka makahiki 1986) no ka mālama kālā ʻana i nā ʻoka i koe.
Ua kapa ʻia nā ʻōlelo hoʻoweliweli antropogenic a me nā kumu kūlohelohe e like me nā kumu ʻē aʻe e alakaʻi ana i ka emi wikiwiki ʻana o ka heluna kanaka.
- ka make ma lalo o nā huila o nā kaʻa, e like me nā kaʻa hau;
- predation o nā māmela hoʻolauna i hoʻolauna ʻia;
- ka make ma nā wahi lako mana;
- kaʻai ʻana i nā ʻāpana kēpau;
- ka make ma lalo o nā kini ʻōpala;
- loli kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.
Kūlike ʻole nā Ornithologists i ka nānā ʻana i ka huina nui o nā lunamaka o nā ʻano kea, e pili ana i ka nui o nā ʻoka kokoke i kahi noho kanaka. I ka papa inoa ʻulaʻula o IUCN (2018), ua koho ʻia ka heluna Kea ma kahi o 6 tausani mau mākua, akā i kekahi mau kumuwaiwai he 15 ka nui.
