He iʻa wai hou ʻo Tench no ka ʻohana carp. Noho ia i nā kahawai mālie, a me nā kino wai hou ʻē aʻe me kahi kahena mālie a kamaʻāina loa i nā lawaiʻa. ʻO kēia iʻa, nona kaʻiʻo i manaʻo ʻia he ʻono loa a me ka meaʻai, hānai ʻia ia i loko o nā waihona wai ʻimi. Eia kekahi, ma muli o kona unpretentiousness, hiki i ka tench ke noho i loko o nā loko i kūpono ʻole no ka hoʻoulu ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana i ka iʻa.
Hōʻike o tench
E ka helehelena o waho o kēia iʻa, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻōlelo he pili kokoke ka tench i ka carp: ʻokoʻa ia mai waho.... Uhi ʻia kāna mau unahi melemele liʻiliʻi me ka papa mānoanoa o ka mucus, kahi e hoʻomaloʻo koke ai i ka lewa, a laila hele i nā papa a hāʻule. ʻAʻole ʻae wale kēia slime i ka tench e neʻe maʻalahi ma lalo o ka wai, akā pale ʻia hoʻi ia mai nā mea ʻino.
Helehelena
Uhi ʻia me kahi papa o ka mucus, kahi kino pōkole, kiʻekiʻe a mānoanoa o ka tench, uhi ʻia me nā unahi liʻiliʻi loa, e hana ana he 90 a 120 mau unahi ma ka laina kaʻe.
ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu o ke kino me he ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻoliva paha, akā inā ʻoe e ʻili i ka momona mai ka iʻa a i ʻole e hoʻomaloʻo a hāʻule maoli, e ʻike ʻoe i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, melemele ke kala o nā unahi tench o nā aka like ʻole. ʻIke ʻōmaʻomaʻo ia ma muli o ka momona e pale i ke kala maoli o nā unahi. Aia i ka loko iʻa e ola ai kēia a i ʻole kēlā me kēia specimen, hiki ke aka o kona mau unahi mai ke kukui, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo me kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo e kokoke i ʻeleʻele.
I nā waihona me ka lepo silty a peaty paha, e ʻeleʻele ke kala o nā unahi, ʻoiai ma kēlā mau kahawai a i ʻole nā loko, i uhi ʻia ka lalo i ka lepo one a i ʻole semi-one, e ʻoi aku ka māmā.
Hoihoi ia! Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka inoa o kēia iʻa ma muli o ka mea i ka lewa ka mucus, e uhi ana i kona kino me kahi papa mānoanoa, e hoʻomaloʻo a hāʻule, no laila me he mea lā e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka iʻa.
Eia naʻe, ua kōkua ka nohona sedentary i ka mea i hōʻike ʻia kahi mana ʻē aʻe o ke kumu o ka inoa - mai ka huaʻōlelo "palaualelo", ʻo ia ka manawa i hoʻomaka ai ke kani e like me "tench".
Nā hiʻohiʻona waho ʻē aʻe
- Ana: ma ka awelika, hiki i ka lōʻihi o ke kino mai 20 a 40 cm, ʻoiai aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona i hiki ke lōʻihi ma kahi o 70 cm a kaupaona i 7.5 kg.
- ʻO Fins pōkole, hāʻawi i ka manaʻo o ka mānoanoa iki a, e like me ke kino holoʻokoʻa o kahi iʻa, uhi ʻia me ka mucus. ʻO ke ʻano like o nā kala me nā unahi ma kahi o ko lākou mau kumu, ʻeleʻele e ʻikea nā wīwī i nā wēlau; i kekahi mau laina hiki ke ʻane ʻeleʻele lākou. ʻAʻole kū ka caudal fin i kahi notch, ʻo ia ke kumu e nānā pololei ai.
- Lehelehe tench he mānoanoa, ʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka māmā o ka malu ma mua o nā unahi.
- Ulu ka momona liʻiliʻi ma nā kihi o ka waha antennae - kahi ʻano e hoʻokūpaʻa i ka pilina o ka tench me ka carp.
- Nā Maka liʻiliʻi a hohonu hoʻi, he ʻulaʻula-ʻalani kā lākou kala.
- Dimorphism moekolohe ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hōʻike ʻia: ʻo nā pelvic fins o nā kāne o kēia ʻano he mānoanoa a ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā wahine. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kāne ma mua o kā lākou mau hoaaloha, ʻoiai lākou e ulu wikiwiki ana ma mua o lākou.
Hoihoi ia! I nā subspecies ulu hānai ʻia o kēia mau iʻa, ka ʻāpana gula, he hue gula i haʻi ʻia nā unahi, a ʻoi aku ka pouli o nā maka ma mua o nā tench ʻē aʻe.
Ka hana a me ka nohona
ʻAʻole like me nā lālā ʻē aʻe wikiwiki a nimble hoʻi o ka ʻohana carp, lohi a ʻāwīwī ʻole ka tench. Akahele a hilahila hoʻi kēia iʻa, a no laila hiki i ka paʻakikī ke hopu iā ia. Inā hāʻule ka tench no ka maunu, a laila, huki ʻia mai ka wai, hoʻololi maoli ia: lilo ia i agile a ʻano huhū hoʻi, kūpaʻa nui a pinepine, keu hoʻi inā e hopu ʻia kahi mea nui, hiki iā ia ke haʻalele i ka makau a hoʻi i kona kamaʻāina. wai.
Ke hoʻāʻo nei nā laina mākua e alakaʻi i kahi nohona kaʻawale, akā hana pinepine nā iʻa ʻōpio i nā kula o 5-15 mau kānaka. ʻAi nui ka tench i ka manawa pō o ka lā. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole makemake ʻo ia i ke kukui ʻōlinolino, hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e noho i kahi hohonu kūpono a me nā wahi i hoʻomalumalu ʻia e nā mea kanu.
Hoihoi ia! ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻona he sedentary a me ka iʻa lohi, hiki iā ia ke hana i ka neʻe ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā e neʻe ana, e neʻe ana mai kahakai a hohonu a hoʻi. I loko nō hoʻi o ka wā ʻōnohi, hiki iā ia ke neʻe e ʻimi i kahi kūpono loa no ka hānau ʻana.
I ka hopena o ke kau, hele kēia iʻa i lalo a, kanu ʻia i ka silt, hele i loko o ka hibernation hohonu. I ka puna, ma hope o ka mahana o ka wai i loko o ka waihona wai e mahana ai a + 4 kekelē, ala nā laina a, haʻalele i ko lākou mau wahi hoʻoilo, hele i nā wahi kai, ulu nui me nā mea kanu wai. Hele nā ala ʻimi tench kokoke i nā palena o nā ʻohe a mauʻu paha. I nā lā wela, lilo ia i lethargic a hoʻāʻo e noho kokoke i nā ʻāpana o lalo o ka waihona. Akā, me ka hoʻokokoke ʻana o ka hāʻule, ke anuanu ka wai, hoʻonui nui kāna hana.
Pehea ka lōʻihi o ke ola ʻana o kahi tench
Hiki i kēia iʻa ke ola a 12-16 mau makahiki, a hoʻomau ka ulu ʻana a i 6-7 mau makahiki.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
Uhi ka nohona tench iā ʻEulopa a me kahi ʻāpana o nā ʻāina ʻAsia, kahi e nui ai ke aniau. Noho ʻo ia i nā waihona kū mehana - nā loko iʻa, nā loko, stavakh, nā waihona wai, a i ʻole nā kahawai me kahi kahe lohi. Ma muli o ka ʻike ʻole o nā laina i ka saturation o ka wai me ka oxygen, a me ka acidity a me ka paʻakai, manaʻo nui kēia mau iʻa i nā kahawai, nā waha o ka muliwai a me nā marshes me ka wai brackish.
I nā wahi me ka papa pōhaku, a me nā waihona wai me ke kai anuanu a me nā au, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻokau. Kākaʻikahi loa i nā loko kai a me nā kahawai.
Mea nui! No kahi ola ʻoluʻolu, pono lākou i ke alo i loko o ka waihona wai limu a me nā mea kanu o lalo kiʻekiʻe, e like me nā ʻohe a ʻohe, i nā ulu lāʻau a nā laina e nānā ai i kā lākou mea pio a kahi lākou e peʻe ai mai nā mea ʻino.
Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka nohona o ka tench, mahele ʻia kēia ʻano i ʻehā mau ʻano kaiaola. ʻOkoʻa iki kā lākou mau lunamakaʻāinana i nā hiʻohiʻona o kā lākou kumukānāwai a, ʻoi iki iki, i ke kala o nā unahi.
- Lake tench. Noho ʻo ia i loko o nā waihona wai a me nā loko nui.
- Pondova. Noho ia i loko o nā kino wai o nā kumu kūlohelohe a kūlohelohe hoʻi. ʻOi aku ka lahilahi a me ka lahilahi ma mua o ka loko. Akā, inā ʻoe e hoʻonohonoho i kahi loko wai i loko o kahi loko, a laila e lawe koke i nā puke i nalowale a lilo i mea ʻike ʻole ʻia i nā hiʻohiʻona o kona poʻe ʻohana i noho i ka loko i ko lākou ola a pau.
- Muliwai. Noho ʻo ia ma nā kahawai a i ʻole nā awāwa o nā kahawai, a me nā lālā a i ʻole nā kahawai me kahi au lohi. ʻOi aku ka lahilahi o kēia ʻano ma mua o nā laina kai a me nā loko iʻa. Eia kekahi, i nā lunamaka o nā ʻano muliwai, e piʻo iki ka waha i luna.
- Tench Dwarf. Ma muli o ka noho ʻana i nā wahi i hoʻonohonoho hou ʻia e nā iʻa, lohi nui nā lunamaka o kēia laha i ka ulu ʻana a, ʻo ka hopena, ulu ʻo tench ma mua o 12 knm ka lōʻihi. ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o kēia laha ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe āpau a noho ma kahi o nā wai wai hou.
ʻAiʻai laina
ʻO ke kumu o ka papaʻai o kēia iʻa ka meaʻai holoholona, ʻoiai i kekahi manawa hiki iā lākou ke ʻai pū i ka mea kanu mea kanu. Hiki i nā Invertebrates e noho nei i loko o ka wai a kokoke i nā kino wai ke lilo i mea o ka hopu holoholona: nā kolo me kā lākou larva, a me nā mollusks, nā crustacea a me nā ilo. I ka pūnāwai, ʻai pū lākou me ka ʻoliʻoli a me nā wana ʻōmaʻomaʻo o nā mea kanu e like me ka sedge, urut, reed, cattail, pond.
Hoihoi ia! ʻAʻohe makemake o kēia mau iʻa i ke kau, makemake ʻole lākou i ka meaʻai a ʻai i nā mea āpau e hiki ai ke loaʻa.
ʻO ka mea nui, hānai nā laina i nā wahi o lalo me ka peat a i ʻole ka lepo silty, a me nā ulu lāʻau o nā mea kanu o lalo o ka wai. I ka manawa like, i mea e kiʻi ai i ka meaʻai, ʻeli kēia mau iʻa i lalo, ʻo ia ke kumu e hele ai nā huʻupuʻu ea i loko o ke kolamu wai a hiki i ka papa o ka waihona wai, e hāʻawi ana i kahi o ka tench.
I ke kau, hoʻomaka kēia mau iʻa e hānai liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka manawa mahana o ka lā, a i ka wā hoʻoilo, ʻaʻole ʻai nā laina i kekahi mea.
Akā, ke mahana a lawa ka mahana ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka puna, ala aʻe kēia mau iʻa mai ka hibernation a ʻauʻau kokoke i ke kahakai e ʻimi nei i nā meaʻai momona a nā mea kanu a kumu holoholona paha. I kēia hihia, ʻai nā laina i nā larvae mosquito me ka leʻaleʻa kūikawā.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
ʻO Tench kahi iʻa thermophilic a no laila e helo ana i ka hopena o ka puna, a i ʻole i ka hoʻomaka o ke kauwela... Ma ke ʻano he kahua hoʻouluulu, koho ʻia ka wai pāpaʻu me kahi au lohi, pale ʻia mai ka makani a koho nui ʻia me nā mea kanu wai. Hana ʻia ka masonry ma kahi hohonu o 30-80 cm a pili pinepine ʻia i nā lālā o nā lāʻau a i ʻole nā kumulāʻau i hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia i loko o ka wai e ulu kokoke i ke kahakai.
Hoihoi ia! Hana ʻia ka ʻōnohi ma nā pae he nui me kahi manawa o 10-14 mau lā. ʻO ke kaʻina hana hānau e pili ana i kēlā me kēia kanaka i hiki i nā makahiki he 3-4 a ke kaupaona ʻana ma kahi o 200-400 g. - ma ka liʻiliʻi 70-75 mau hola.
ʻO ka palai i waiho ʻia e nā hua, ka nui o ia ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 3.5 mm, hoʻopili ʻia i ka substrate, a laila no kekahi mau lā he 3-4 e noho lākou ma kahi like i hānau ʻia ai lākou. I kēia mau manawa āpau, ulu ikaika ka larva, e hānai nei i ke koina o nā waihona yolk sac i koe.
Ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka palai e ʻauʻau i kā lākou iho, ʻākoakoa lākou i nā hipa a hūnā i loko o nā lau nahele hohonu o ka wai, hānai i nā plankton holoholona a me nā limu unicellular. A ma hope, ua hōʻea i kahi nui ma kahi o 1.5 knm, hele ka ʻōpio i lalo, kahi e hoʻololi ai lākou i nā meaʻai momona, ʻo ia hoʻi nā meaola benthic.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
I nā mākua, ʻaʻohe ʻenemi kūlohelohe i ke kūlohelohe. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole ʻoluʻolu ka mauʻu e uhi ana i ko lākou kino no nā iʻa predatory ʻē aʻe a i ʻole nā mea ʻino ʻino ʻē aʻe, e ʻai maʻamau ana i ka iʻa, a no laila ʻaʻole lākou e ʻimi iā lākou I ka manawa like, hiki i nā pikes a me nā perches ke hoʻouka iā tench fry.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
I ʻEulopa, hoʻolaha ākea ka tench, akā i kekahi mau ʻāpana o Lūkia, aia ma ka hikina o ka Ural ka hapa nui o kēia iʻa i ka ʻino a me ka haumia o kona wahi maoli. Hiki i ka mea anthropogenic i ka hopena ke hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka helu o nā iʻa, me ka rue, i ke ʻano.
Eia kekahi, ke hana ʻia kēia inā ʻaʻole hana ʻino nā kānaka i ke kaiapuni, akā hiki i kā lākou hana ke hōʻeha i ka nui o nā mea ola, e like me ka iʻa iʻa hou. No laila, ʻo kahi laʻana, ʻo ka hōʻemi nui o ka pae wai i nā waihona i ka hoʻoilo e alakaʻi pinepine ai i ka make o ka laina hoʻoilo ma ka lalo o ka waihona. I kēia hihia, huli iʻa ka iʻa i loko o ka hau, a i ʻole ka papa wai ma lalo e lawa ʻole no nā laina e kuʻi maʻamau, e ʻeli ana i ka lepo o ka waihona.
Mea nui! I Kelemania, ma nā moku Irkutsk a me Yaroslavl, a ma Buryatia hoʻi, ua helu ʻia nā laina i ka Red Book.
Akā, ʻoiai kēia, inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ke kūlana maʻamau o kēia ʻano, a laila ʻo ka lehulehu o ka laina mai ka hoʻoweliweli a ua hāʻawi ʻia lākou i ke kūlana mālama "ke kumu o ka hopohopo liʻiliʻi".
Waiwai kālepa
ʻAʻole ʻo Tench kekahi o nā iʻa kālepa waiwai i hopu ʻia i loko o kona wahi maoli, a no laila, hopu ʻia ia e nā lawaiʻa amatir i nā waihona kūlohelohe. Eia nō naʻe, mahi ʻia kēia iʻa i nā nui i nā loko iʻa. ʻO ka mea mua, pili kēia i ka unpretentiousness o nā laina i nā kūlana o kā lākou mālama ʻana a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo hiki iā lākou ke noho a hiki i nā loko iʻa kūpono ʻole no ka hoʻoulu ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana o ka iʻa.
E hoihoi pū kekahi:
- Swordfish
- Iʻa Marlin
- ʻO Goldfish
- Salemona
ʻO Tench kahi iʻa lohi o lalo e noho nei i nā waihona wai me ka ʻū mālie a hānai nui ʻia i nā invertebrates liʻiliʻi. He hiki ʻokoʻa ko kēia iʻa: ka wikiwiki ʻana o nā hua i ka wikiwiki o ka hua, i hiki ai i ka ʻōpio ke pā i loko o 70-75 mau hola ma hope o ka hoʻomoe ʻia ʻana o nā hua e ka wahine. ʻO kekahi mea, ʻaʻohe mea e kahaha ai kēia mau iʻa ka mucus e uhi ana i ko lākou kino.
Loaʻa iā ia nā antibiotic kūlohelohe, a no laila, ma muli o kēia, maʻi pinepine ʻole nā laina ma mua o ka nui o nā iʻa ʻē aʻe.... Eia hou, hana pū ka mucus i kahi hana pale: hoʻoweliweli ia i nā mea ʻino. Ua mahalo lōʻihi ka poʻe i ka ʻono o ka ʻiʻo tench, kahi e hiki ai ke hoʻomākaukau i nā ipu ʻono he nui, a no laila ua manaʻo ʻia kēia iʻa he lawena maikaʻi i waena o nā lawaiʻa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka noʻonoʻo e hiki ana kona kaumaha i 7 kg a ʻoi paha.
