ʻO Pike kahi iʻa iʻa predatory no ka ʻohana Pike, ka papa iʻa i hoʻopau ʻia e Ray a me ke kauoha Pike-like. Ua pālahalaha nui ʻia kēia ʻano i nā waihona wai wai i ka panalāʻau o nā ʻāina he nui.
Ka wehewehe o ka pike
Ma muli o kā lākou ʻano kikoʻī, hiki i nā pikes ke kū pono i ka wai acidic a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi i nā waihona me kahi pH o 4.75. I nā kūlana o ka hoʻemi nui ʻana o ka oxygen ma loko o ka iʻa, kaomi ʻia ka hanu ʻana, no laila, make pinepine nā pikes i nā waihona paʻahau i ka hoʻoilo.
Helehelena
Hiki i ka lōʻihi o ka pike makua i hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua mika me ka nui ma 25-35 kg... He kino torpedo ko ka iʻa, poʻo nui a waha ākea. ʻO ke kala o nā ʻelele o ka laha he loli loa, pili pono ia i ke kaiapuni, ke ʻano a me ke kekelē o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea kanu wai. Hiki i ka pike ke loaʻa i kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka hina hina me kahi ʻāpana pouli o ka hope a me ke kū ʻana o nā kiko nui a me nā ʻoliva a me nā kahakaha transverse ma nā ʻaoʻao. He melemele-hina a ʻeleʻele paha nā peʻa i hui ʻole ʻia a loaʻa i nā kiko ʻeleʻele. ʻAlani i nā kala nā kepa. I loko o ka wai o kekahi mau loko, aia nā pika kālā i kapa ʻia.
Hoihoi ia!ʻOkoʻa nā pikes kāne a me nā wahine i ke ʻano o ka wehe urogenital. I ke kāne, ʻano like ia me kahi wahi ʻikiʻī a lōʻihi, i pena ʻia i ke kala o ka ʻōpū, a i loko o nā wahine aia kahi kaumaha oval e hoʻopuni ʻia e kahi wili pinkish.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka pike ke kū ʻana o kahi iwi ā lalo i kū i luna o kahi poʻo kiʻekiʻe elongated. Hoʻohana ʻia nā niho o ka iwi ā lalo o nā nui like ʻole e ka iʻa e hopu i ka mea pio. Ma nā iwi ʻē aʻe i loaʻa i ka lua o ka waha, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā niho, kuhikuhi ʻia me nā wēlau ʻoi i loko o ka pharynx a komo i loko o nā membrane mucous.
Ma muli o kēia hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano o nā niho, hala maʻalahi a wikiwiki ka mea pio i hopu ʻia, ai ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e pakele, ala aʻe ia a paʻa pono ʻia e nā niho pharyngeal. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ʻo Pike e ka loli o nā niho e kau ʻia ma ka iwi ā lalo, nona ka ʻaoʻao o loko i uhi ʻia me nā mea palupalu me nā lālani o nā niho pani. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia kēlā mau niho e ka adhesion ma ke kua i nā niho hana, ma muli o kahi hui hoʻokahi a i kapa ʻia ʻo "ʻohana kahua niho" i hoʻokumu ʻia.
Inā hele ʻole nā niho hana, a laila lawe ʻia ko lākou wahi e nā kumu o nā niho pani pili e pili ana i ka ʻohana like. I ka mua, palupalu a kūpaʻa ʻole kēlā mau niho, akā i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ulu ikaika ko lākou kumu i nā iwi ā a ikaika aʻe.
Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻaʻole mau nā niho o nā laha i ka manawa like. I nā kūlana o kekahi mau kino wai, hoʻololi ka loli o nā niho i ka pike wale nō me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kekahi kau, ke pau ka iʻa iʻa i ka hopu holoholona no ka mea pio nui a nui.
ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nohona
I nā kino wai, makemake nā pikes i nā mānoanoa a ulu maikaʻi loa, i hōʻike ʻia e nā mea kanu wai. Ma ke ʻano he kū, kū iʻa wale nā iʻa ʻaihue no ka manawa lōʻihi a kali i kāna mea pio. Ma hope wale nō o ka ʻike ʻana o ka mea ʻino i kahi pio pono, e hāhai kahi wikiwiki a ʻoi loa hoʻi. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻo ia ka ʻoki mau ʻana o nā pikes i ka mea pio wale nō mai ka ʻāpana poʻo, ʻoiai inā ua hopu ʻia ka mea i hōʻino ʻia ma o ke kino.
Hoihoi ia! I nā lā mehana a me nā lā o ka lā, ʻoi aku ka makemake o nā pikes nui loa e hele i loko o ka wai pāpaʻu a hina i nā kukuna, no laila hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike pinepine i kahi hui nui o nā iʻa nui aia ma ka hohonu o ka hapahā o ka mika kokoke i ke kahakai.
ʻOiai ʻo ka nui loa o ka nui, makemake nā pikes mākua i kahi wai pāpaʻu, no laila, ʻike nui ʻia nā hihia ke loaʻa nā lawaiʻa nunui e nā lawaiʻa i loko o nā wai o kahi loko liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ma kahi hohonu ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku i ka hapalua mika. No kahi mea neʻe wai, he mea nui ka oxygen, no laila, i loko o nā waihona wai liʻiliʻi, hiki i ka iʻa ke make i nā hoʻoilo lōʻihi a hau hoʻi. Eia kekahi, hiki i ka iʻa ke make ke hōʻemi ka nui o ka oxygen i loko o ka wai i ka 3.0 mg / lita.
Pono e hoʻomanaʻo e kali mau ana nā pikes i kā lākou mea pio wale nō ma kahi o kēlā me kēia ʻano puʻuhonua.... ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻo nā mākua nui loa, i kūʻē i ka pike liʻiliʻi a liʻiliʻi paha, e loaʻa paha i kahi hohonu kūpono, akā e ʻimi mau ka mea hōkeo e loaʻa nā limu mānoanoa a i ʻole driftwood. Ke hoʻouka nei i kahi mea i hōʻeha ʻia, alakaʻi ʻia nā lunamaka o nā laha e ka laina ʻaoʻao a me ka ʻike.
Ehia mau pika e noho nei
E hoʻoholo pono i nā makahiki o ka pike, hoʻohana ʻia ka vertebrae o kahi iʻa ʻaihue. ʻOiai ʻo ka nui o nā iʻa i hōʻike ʻia e kahi pōʻai ola pōkole ma kahi o ʻelima mau makahiki, ka makahiki o nā kenekulia nona ka ʻohana Shchukovye, ka papa iʻa i hoʻopau ʻia ʻo Ray a me ke kauoha Pike e like me ka hapahā o ke kenekulia.
Hoihoi ia! Aia kekahi kaʻao e like me ke kani ʻana o ka pīkī ʻōpio e King Frederick o Kelemania, a ma hope o 267 mau makahiki ua hopu ʻia kēia predator e nā lawaiʻa, he kaupaona he 140 kg a ʻo ka lōʻihi he 570 cm.
ʻAno pike
ʻEhiku mau ʻano ʻokoʻa i kēia manawa no ka genus wale nō o Pike. Kūleʻa like nā ʻano pike āpau i ka nohona, nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona a me kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe:
- Pike maʻamau (ʻO Esokh lucius). He ʻano maʻamau a nui loa ia o ka genus, e noho ana i kahi ʻāpana nui o nā wai wai hou i nā ʻāina o ʻAmelika ʻĀkau a me Eurasia, kahi e noho ai ia i nā ulu lāʻau a me nā wai kū ʻole, kokoke i ka ʻāpana kai o nā kino wai;
- ʻAmelika, a i ʻole pike ʻulaʻula (Esokh américanus). Noho wale ka laha ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ʻAmelika Hema a ua pani ʻia e nā ʻāpana ʻelua: ʻo ka redfin pike ʻākau (Esokh américanus américanus) a me ka pike hema a mauʻu paha (Esox americanus vermiculatus). Ke ulu nei nā ʻelele āpau o nā subspecies i ka lōʻihi o 30-45 cm a me ke kaumaha o hoʻokahi kilokilo, a ʻokoʻa hoʻi i kahi ihu pōkole. ʻAʻohe o nā peʻa ʻalani ʻalani nā pike i ka hema;
- Pūkī Maskinong (ʻO Esokh masquinоngy). Pili ia i nā ʻano laha ʻole, a me nā lunamakaʻāinana nui loa o ka ʻohana. ʻO ka inoa no nā Indians i bapetizo ʻia i kahi iʻa "pike ʻino". ʻO ka lua o ka inoa o ka predator aquatic - "nunui pike", i loaʻa ʻia e ka iʻa ma muli o ka nui kupaianaha. Hiki paha i nā mākua ke lōʻihi i 180 cm a kaupaona a 30-32 kg. Hiki ke kala i ke kala, brown-brown a i ʻole ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a ua uhi ʻia ka ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao me nā kiko a i ʻole nā kaha kū i luna;
- Eleʻele, a i ʻole ʻoki kua (Esokh nigеr). Ke ulu nei nā mākua o kēia ʻano i ka lōʻihi o 55-60 cm me ke kaupaona ma ke kaha o 1.8-2.0 kg. I ka helehelena, ua like ka predator me ka pike ʻĀkau maʻamau. ʻO ke kaupaona o kahi lunamakaʻāinana nui a kaulana loa o kēia ʻano i ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻehā mau kilokani. He ʻano mosaic ko ka pike ʻeleʻele ma nā ʻaoʻao, a ʻo kahi ʻāpana ʻeleʻele ʻokoʻa ma luna o nā maka;
- Amur pike (Esokh reiсherti). ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā lunamakaʻāinana o kēia laha ma mua o nā pike maʻamau. Ke ulu nei nā mākua nui loa ma kahi o 115 cm a he kaupaona o ke kino o 19-20 kg. ʻO ka hiʻona kikoʻī ke alo o ka unahi liʻiliʻi o ka silvery a i ʻole ke gula-ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻO ke kala o ka Amur pike e like me ke kala o nā unahi taimen, ma muli o ke kū ʻana o nā kiko ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele i helelei ma luna o ka ʻili o ke kino holoʻokoʻa, mai ke poʻo a ka hiʻu.
Eia kekahi, ʻo ka pike Italian pike (Esox cisalrinus a i ʻole Esox flaviae), i hoʻokaʻawale mua ʻia i ʻehiku mau makahiki i hala a ua manaʻo ʻia he subspecies o ka pike maʻamau, ua aʻo maikaʻi ʻia. ʻO ka mea i ʻike ʻole ʻia ʻo ka Aquitaine pike (Esokh aquitanicus), i hōʻike mua ʻia i ʻehā mau makahiki i hala a e noho nei i nā kino wai ma Palani.
Hoihoi ia! Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻaʻole hiki i nā kānaka hybrid ke hana hou i nā ʻano kūlohelohe, a no kēia kumu ʻaʻole i loaʻa i kā lākou lehulehu kūʻokoʻa i kēia manawa.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
Noho nā ʻano laha loa i ka nui o nā kino wai o ʻAmelika Hema a me Eurasia. Noho nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka hema a i ʻole ka mauʻu pike (Esox americanus vermiculatus) i loko o ka wai o Misisipi, a me nā kahawai e kahe ana a hiki i ka Moana ʻAkelanika.
Hoihoi ia! Hiki ke loaʻa nā kiʻi Pikes i nā wai desalinated o kekahi mau kai, e like me ke kahakai ʻo Finnish, Riga a me Curonian o ke kai Baltic, a me ke kai kūʻono ʻo Taganrog o ke kai Azov.
ʻO ka pike ʻeleʻele a i ʻole kaha kala ʻia (Esox niger) kahi mea wīwī kaulana ʻo ʻAmelika Hema e noho ana i ka wai o nā loko a me nā kahawai i ulu nui ʻia mai ke kahakai hema o Kanada a hiki i Florida a ma ʻō aku, a i nā Lapa Nui a me ke awāwa ʻo Misisipi.
ʻO ka Amur pike (Esokh reisherti) kahi kamaʻāina maʻamau o nā kino kūlohelohe o ka wai ma ka mokupuni ʻo Sakhalin a me ka muliwai ʻo Amur. ʻO ka Mtalyan pike (Esox cisalrinus a i ʻole Esox flaviae) kahi kamaʻāina maʻamau i nā kino wai ma ka ʻākau a me ka waena o ʻItalia.
Mea ʻai Pike
ʻO ke kumu o kaʻai a ka pike he ʻelele o nā ʻano iʻa like ʻole, e laʻa me ka roach, perch a me ruff, bream, bream kālā a me gudgeon, char a me minnow, a me sculpin goby. ʻAʻole hoʻowahāwahā kēia predator wai i nā ʻelele pili i kā lākou ʻano ponoʻī. I ke kauwela a i ke kauwela mua paha, ʻai nui ʻia nā rana a me nā crayfish heʻumi e kahi mea ʻino nui.
Aia kekahi mau hihia kaulana i ka wā i hopu ai kahi pike a huki i nā ʻāpō liʻiliʻi ma lalo o ka wai, ʻaʻole nui nāʻiole a me nā ʻiole, a me nā squirrels a me nā waders, e ʻau pinepine ma nā kahawai i ka wā o ka neʻe kūlohelohe.... Hiki i nā pikes nui loa ke hoʻouka i nā pēpē makua, keu hoʻi i ka wā molt o nā manu, ke hiki ʻole i kēlā mau manu ke ala aʻe mai ka waihona i ka lewa. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia nō hoʻi ka iʻa, ke kaupaona a me ka lōʻihi o ia 50-65% o ke kaupaona a me ka lōʻihi o ka aquator predator ponoʻī, hāʻule pinepine i ka makua a me ka nui Pike.
Wahi a nā ʻepekema i aʻo pono i ka pike ration, ʻo ka papaʻai o kēia predator aquatic medium-size e hoʻomalu pinepine ʻia e ka waiwai haʻahaʻa a me nā ʻano iʻa he nui loa, no laila, he mea pono ka pike i kēia manawa no ka hoʻokele waiwai iʻa iʻa. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻole o kēia iʻa i lilo pinepine i kumu nui no ka hoʻonui a me ka nui ʻole o ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o ka perch a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
I nā kūlana o nā waihona kūlohelohe, hoʻomaka nā wahine pike e hana hou ma kahi o ka hā o ka makahiki o ke ola, a me nā kāne - ma ka lima. Piʻi ʻo Pike i kahi mahana o 3-6 ° C, ma hope koke o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka hau, kokoke i ke kahakai, ma kahi hohonu o 50-100 cm. I ka wā o ka hoʻoulu ʻana, hele ka iʻa i loko o ka wai pāpaʻu a pīhoihoi paha. Ma ke ʻano he rula, hele mua nā mea liʻiliʻi loa e hānau, a ʻo nā lunamakaʻāinana nui loa o nā laha ka hope loa.
I loko o kēia wā, mālama ka pike i nā hui, ʻo ia hoʻi ma kahi o ʻekolu a ʻelima mau kāne a hoʻokahi wahine. ʻO kēlā wahine e ʻauʻau mau ana i mua, a ʻo nā kāne āpau e ukali iā ia, akā lohi ʻia e ka hapalua o ko lākou kino. Hoʻokomo nā kāne i ka wahine a mālama paha i kahi ma luna o kona kua, no laila e ʻike ʻia ka ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe o ka iʻa a i ʻole nā ʻāpana dorsal ma luna o ka wai.
I ke kaʻina hana o ka ʻōnaehana, ʻōpala kēlā mau mea ʻino i nā aʻa, nāhelehele a me nā koʻokoʻo o ka cattail a me nā ʻohe a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a neʻe pū hoʻi a puni nā kahua huki a hoʻomoe i nā hua. Hoʻopau ka hopena o ka ʻōnae ʻana me ka pīpī nui, ʻoiai hiki i kēlā mau wahine ke lele i waho o ka wai.
Hoihoi ia! Hoʻokahi a ʻelua mau pule paha ke kaʻina hoʻomohala palai, a ua hōʻike ʻia ke ʻano o ka palai mua e nā crustacea liʻiliʻi, ma hope - na ka iʻa o nā iʻa ʻē aʻe.
Hoʻokahi pike wahine, ke kaukaʻi i kona nui, hiki ke waiho mai 17 a 210-215 tausani mau hua nui a palu iki me ke anawaena o ma kahi o 3.0 mm. Ma hope o ʻelua mau lā, nalowale loa ka palu o nā hua, a pahee maʻalahi lākou i nā mea kanu, ma muli o ke kaʻina o kā lākou hoʻomohala hou e lawe wale ʻia ma lalo o ka waihona. ʻO ka emi wikiwiki o ka wai ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻana e hoʻonāukiuki i ka nui o ka make o nā hua, a ʻike pinepine ʻia kēia hanana i nā waihona me kahi pae wai loli.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
Manaʻo ka poʻe he nui ka pīkī i ka make wai a weliweli i ka wai wai, akā ʻo kēlā iʻa iā lākou iho i lilo i holoholona no nā holoholona e like me nā ʻaeto a me nā aeto ʻōhule. Ma Siberia, kākaʻikahi loa ka nui o ka nui o ka nui o ka wai i loko o ka wai, i wehewehe ʻia e ko lākou hoʻokūkū me ka taimen, ka mea hiki ke maʻalahi i ka pike o ka nui like.
E hoihoi pū kekahi:
- Saika
- Kaluga
- Sturgeon
- Beluga
I nā latitu hema, he ʻenemi weliweli hou nā pikes - he iʻa nui. ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe hoʻi o ka pīpī ʻōpio a kaulike paha ka perches a me ka rotan, a i ʻole nā predator nui, e like me ka pike perch. Ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, pili ka pike i ka mahele o nā hanohano, akā he trophies kakaikahi loa na ka lawaiʻa, no laila, ua nui ka lawaiʻa o kēlā iʻa.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
I nā waihona i ke Kaiwaena, Hema a me ka ʻĀkau ʻĀkau, ʻo ka pīkī kekahi o nā ʻelele maʻamau o ka ichthyofauna kūloko, akā ʻano kākaʻikahi kēlā me kēia mea he mea noiʻi kūikawā. I kekahi mau manawa i hala aku nei, ua loaʻa ka nui o nā pike nui i nā loko, i ʻai i nā ʻohana liʻiliʻi, i hiki ai ke mālama pono i ka maikaʻi o ka heluna kanaka ma kahi pae kiʻekiʻe kūpono.
Hoihoi ia! Ma ke ʻano laulā, i nā kino wai āpau i nānā ʻia, hana nā iʻa predatory i ke ʻano o ke ʻano meliorator biology a me kahi mea kalepa waiwai.
I ka waena o ke kenekulia i hala, ua hoʻololi ka hopu ʻana o ka pīkoi nui i ka hanana ākea o ka lehulehu predator aquatic. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa wale ka pike liʻiliʻi i ka wā ʻōpio, no laila ke piʻi wikiwiki nei ka helu o nā iʻa liʻiliʻi. Kuhi kēia hana kūlohelohe i kahi hōʻemi o ka awelika o ka heluna kanaka. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ke kūlana mālama i kēia manawa o ka pīkī ʻo Least Concern.
Waiwai kālepa
Hānai nui ʻia ʻo Pike i nā mahiʻai loko hou. Loaʻa ka ʻiʻo o kēia mea wai wai i loko o 1-3% momona, e hoʻolilo ana iā ia i huahana meaʻai maikaʻi loa.... ʻAʻole wale ka iʻa ʻoihana Pike i makemake nui ʻia, akā hana ʻia ia e nā kahu wai loko a he mea waiwai ia no nā haʻuki a me ka lawaiʻa amateur.