ʻO ka hyena ʻike ʻia he mammal predatory o ka ʻohana hyena. ʻIke ʻia lākou e like me nā ʻakaʻaka ʻakaʻaka o ka nui o ʻApelika.
Hōʻike hyena ʻike ʻia
Kaulana kēia mau ʻelele o ka holoholona no ka huhū maikaʻi ʻole.... "Kaulana" ua manaʻo ʻia lākou he holoholona hōʻeuʻeu, ʻai ʻole o ka carrion. Kūpono paha ia kahi huakaʻi me ka ʻike ʻole i ʻApelika ke kū nei i nā pilikia he nui. ʻO ka hyena ʻike ʻia kekahi o lākou. Hoʻouka pinepine lākou i nā pūʻolo i ka pō. No laila, auwe ka malihini nāna i hoʻomaka ʻole ke ahi a hoʻāhu i ka wahie no ka pō holoʻokoʻa.
Hoihoi ia!Hōʻike ka noiʻi e pili ana ka ʻike kaiāulu o ka hyena i ʻike ʻia me kekahi ʻano primate. ʻO kā lākou ulu noʻonoʻo he ʻanuʻu kiʻekiʻe aʻe ia ma mua o nā mea wili ʻē aʻe, ma muli o ke ʻano o ka ʻaoʻao mua o ka lolo.
Manaʻo ʻia ʻo nā kūpuna o ka hyena i ʻike ʻia spun mai ka hyena maoli (onionio a ʻeleʻele) i ka wā Pliocene, 5.332 miliona-1.806 miliona mau makahiki i hala. ʻIke ʻia nā kūpuna o nā hyenas, me ka hana kaiāulu i hoʻomohala ʻia, ka hoʻonui ʻia o kaomi mai nā hoa paio iā lākou e "aʻo" e hana i kahi hui. Ua hoʻomaka lākou e noho i nā panalāʻau nui aku. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka lilo pinepine ʻana o nā holoholona neʻe i kā lākou waiwai pio. ʻO ka ulu ʻana o ka hana hyena me ka ʻole o ka mana o nā liona - ko lākou mau ʻenemi pololei. Ua hōʻike ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ke ola ʻana ma o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā haʻaheo - nā kaiāulu. Ua kōkua kēia i ke alualu a pale aku i kā lākou mau panalāʻau me ka ʻoi aku o ka maikaʻi. ʻO ka hopena, ua hoʻonui ʻia kā lākou helu.
Wahi a ka moʻolelo mōʻalihaku, ua ʻikea ka lāhui mua ma ka India Subcontcent. ʻO nā hyenas ʻike ʻia i kolone i ka Hikina Waena. Mai ia manawa, ua loli iki ka wahi noho o ka hyena ʻike ʻia, a me kona helehelena.
Helehelena
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hyena i ʻike ʻia e loli i ka ʻāina o 90 - 170 cm. Aia i ka moekolohe, ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me nā makahiki, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe he 85-90 cm. Uhi ʻia ke kino o ka hyena me ka huluhulu wili liʻiliʻi me ka undercoat. ʻO ka pale lōʻihi ke uhi wale i ka ʻāʻī, e hāʻawi ana i ka manaʻo o ka mane māmā. He pala ʻulaʻula ke kino o ke kino me ka muzzles pouli, e like me ka mask. Ua uhi ʻia ka lauoho o ka hyena nānā me nā kiko ʻeleʻele. I kekahi mau kānaka, he ʻulaʻula kona ʻulaʻula i ka ʻāpana o ka occipital. He kino sloping ko ke kino o ka hyena me nā poʻohiwi kiʻekiʻe a me nā pūhaka haʻahaʻa. Aia ko lākou kino nui a poepoe i nā paws hina lahilahi e like me kēlā me kēia manamana wāwae ʻehā. ʻOi aku ka pōkole o nā wāwae hope ma mua o nā mua. Hoʻonoho kiʻekiʻe ʻia nā pepeiao pepeiao ākea ma ke poʻo. Pōkole a ākea ke ʻano o ka mu muima ʻike ākea me ka ʻāʻī mānoanoa, ma waho e like me ka ʻīlio.
Kuhi ʻia ka dimorphism moekolohe i ka helehelena a me ka lawena o nā hyenas kiko. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne ma muli o ka nui o ka testosterone... ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne. Ma ka awelika, ʻo nā hyenas wahine ʻike ʻia he 10 kg ka nui o ke kaumaha ma mua o nā kāne a ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kino muscular. ʻOi aku ka hakakā.
E kamaʻilio pū kāua e pili ana i kona leo. Hiki i ka hyena ke nānā ke hana i 10-12 mau leo like ʻole, ʻokoʻa i hōʻailona no nā congeners. Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻaka, e like me ka ʻaoa hoʻolōʻihi, no ke kamaʻilio ʻana ma waena o nā kānaka. Hiki i nā holoholona ke aloha i kēlā me kēia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka uē a me nā ʻūlū. Hiki iā ʻoe ke lohe mai iā lākou "giggles", a me nā uē. ʻO kahi laʻana, kahi uhu haʻahaʻa me ka waha paʻa e hōʻailona ana i ka huhū. Hiki i kahi hyena ke hana i kahi kani i kahi pūʻulu ke hele mai kahi liona.
ʻO ka pane i nā hōʻailona like mai kēlā me kēia kanaka hiki ke ʻokoʻa. ʻO nā kamaʻāina o ka ʻohana e hana i nā kāhea o nā kāne "makemake", me ka hoʻolōʻihi, i nā leo i hana ʻia e ka wahine - koke.
Auila
Noho nā hyenas ʻike ʻia i nā ʻohana nui, mai 10 a 100 mau kānaka. ʻO nā wahine kēia mau wahine, hana lākou i ka ʻohana i kapa ʻia ʻo matriarchy, alakaʻi ʻia e kahi wahine alpha. Kaha lākou i ko lākou mokuna a pale iā ia mai nā hyenas ʻē aʻe. Aia kekahi hierarchy koʻikoʻi ma waena o ka ʻohana ma waena o nā wahine e hoʻokūkū nei i kekahi i kekahi no ke kūlana kaiaulu. Mālama nā wahine i nā kāne ma o ka hōʻike hakakā. Māhele nā wahine i ka makahiki. Manaʻo ʻia nā mākua kahiko nā mea nui, ʻai lākou i ka mua, hana i kahi kauoha o ka nui o nā keiki. ʻAʻohe o nā kuleana i koe, akā aia nō i ka hierarchy kahi kiʻekiʻe i kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā kāne.
Loaʻa i nā kāne kekahi ʻano o ka mahele ma nā laina like. Loaʻa i nā kāne kūleʻa ke komo i nā wahine, akā ʻo nā mea āpau e kūlou i nā "wahine" o ka ʻeke. I ka pili ʻana i kahi ʻano paʻakikī o ka hihia, holo pinepine kekahi mau kāne i nā hipa ʻē aʻe no ka hānau ʻana.
Hoihoi ia!ʻO nā hyenas i ʻike ʻia kahi hana hoʻolauleʻa elaborate me ka honi ʻana a me ka palu ʻana i nā ʻāpā o kekahi. Ke hāpai aʻe nei ka hyena nānā i kona wāwae hope no ka hoalauna i hiki i kekahi kanaka ke honi iā ia. Loaʻa i kēia mau mamala pili kaiāulu ka ʻōnaehana nohona paʻakikī o nā primates.
Hiki i nā ʻohana ʻokoʻa ke hoʻouka kaua i kekahi me kekahi i ka hakakā no ka ʻāina. Ke huhū nei ka hakakā ma waena o nā hyenas i ʻike ʻia. ʻAno ʻokoʻa kā lākou ʻano me kā lākou keiki iho. Hānau ʻia nā ʻōpala i loko o ka lua kaiāulu. E hakakā nā kaikaina a me nā kaikuahine o ka wahine like no ka noho aliʻi, nahu kekahi i kekahi a hoʻokau i nā ʻehaʻeha i kekahi manawa. E lanakila ka mea lanakila i ke koena o nā keiki a hiki i kona make ʻana. ʻAʻole hoʻokūkū ka wahine o ka wahine ʻē aʻe i kekahi.
Pehea ka lōʻihi o ke ola ʻana o kahi hyena ʻike?
I kona ʻano maoli, ola ka hyena i ʻike ʻia ma kahi o 25 mau makahiki, i ka noho pio ʻana hiki ke ola a hiki i ke kanahā.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
ʻO ka nohona o ke kanaka hyena i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka savannah, kahi waiwai i nā holoholona i ʻāpana o kā lākou papaʻai punahele.... Hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou i nā wao akua, nā ululāʻau, nā ululāʻau maloʻo maloʻo, a me nā ululāʻau mauna a hiki i 4000m i ke kiʻekiʻe. Hōʻalo lākou i nā wao nahele nui a me nā wao akua. Hiki iā ʻoe ke launa iā lākou ma ʻApelika mai ka Lae o ka Manaʻo Manaʻo a hiki i ka Sahara.
Mea ʻai hyena i ʻike ʻia
ʻO ka ʻai nui a ka hyena i ʻike ʻia... Ma mua, ua manaʻo ʻia he kāliona wale kā kā lākou papaʻai - nā koena o nā holoholona i ʻai ʻole ʻia e nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe. ʻO kēia kahi mamao loa mai ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo nā hyenas i ʻike ʻia nā mea huli mua. Alualu lākou ma kahi o 90% o kā lākou meaʻai. Hele ʻo Hyenas e lawaiʻa hoʻokahi a i ʻole i kahi pūʻulu i alakaʻi ʻia e kahi alakaʻi wahine. ʻImi pinepine lākou i nā mea kanu lāʻau nui. ʻO kahi laʻana, nā gazela, nā buffaloes, nā zebas, nā puaʻa ʻāhiu, nā giraffes, nā rhino a me nā hippos. Hiki iā lākou ke hānai i ka pāʻani liʻiliʻi, nā holoholona a me nā kino make.
Hoihoi ia!I loko nō o ko lākou mākaukau ʻimi holoholona hoʻomohala maikaʻi, ʻaʻole pīhoihoi lākou i ka meaʻai. ʻAʻole e hoʻowahāwahā kēia mau holoholona i kahi ʻelepani popopo. Ua lilo ʻo Hyenas i mea hoʻomake nui ma ʻApelika.
ʻIke nui nā hyenas ʻike ʻia i ka pō, akā i kekahi manawa ʻeleu i ka lā. Hele nui lākou i ka ʻimi ʻana i kahi pio. Hiki i ka hyena ke nānā i nā wikiwiki o kahi o 65 mau kilomita i kēlā me kēia hola, kahi e hāʻawi ai iā ia i ka hiki ke hoʻomau me kahi pūʻulu antelope a i ʻole nā holoholona ʻē aʻe a hopu i kāna mea pio. Kōkua kahi nahu ikaika i kahi hyena e lanakila i kahi holoholona nui. Hoʻopili kahi nahu hoʻokahi ma ka ʻāʻī i nā kīʻaha koko nui o ka mea i hōʻino ʻia. Ma hope o ka hopu ʻana, kōkua nā holoholona ʻē aʻe o ka ʻohana i ka ʻōpū i ka mea pio. Hiki i nā kāne a me nā wahine ke hakakā no ka meaʻai. Ma ke ʻano he kaulike, lanakila ka wahine i ka hakakā.
Hiki i nā iwi ā o ka hyena ke nānā ke lawelawe i ka ʻūhā mānoanoa o kahi holoholona nui. Hoʻopili pū ka ʻōpū i nā mea āpau mai nā pepeiaohao a hiki i nā kui. No kēia kumu, keʻokeʻo pinepine nā faakū o kēia holoholona. Inā nui loa ka mea pio, hiki i ka hyena ke hūnā i kekahi o ia mea ma hope.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
Ke kaua nei nā hyenas ʻike ʻia me nā liona. ʻAneʻei kēia o ko lākou ʻenemi kū mau. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka make ʻana o nā hyenas ʻike ʻia, 50% make mai nā niho o ka liona. ʻO ka pinepine he mea ia o ka pale ʻana i nā palena ponoʻī o kekahi, ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka meaʻai a me ka wai. No laila ua kūlohelohe ia. E luku nā hyenas i ʻike ʻia i nā liona a e liona nā liona i nā liona. I ka wā maloʻo, ka maloʻo a me ka wī paha, ke kaua mau nei nā liona a me nā hyenas ma luna o nā ʻāina.
Hoihoi ia!ʻO ka hakakā ma waena o nā hyenas a me nā liona paʻakikī. Hana pinepine ia i nā hyenas e hoʻouka i nā keiki liona pale ʻole a i ʻole nā mea kahiko, no ka mea i hoʻouka ʻia lākou i ka pane.
I ka paio no ka meaʻai a me ka primacy, hele ka lanakila i ka hui o nā holoholona i nui ka helu. ʻIke ʻia nā hyenas, e like me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia e nā kānaka.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
Hiki i kahi hyena ʻike wahine ke hanau i nā keiki i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka makahiki, ʻaʻohe manawa kikoʻī i hāʻawi ʻia no kēia. Ke nānā pono ʻole ʻia nā genital wahine. Loaʻa iā lākou kēia ʻano no ka nui o nā testosterone i loko o ke koko. Hoʻohui ka vulva i loko o nā pelu nui a ʻano like me ka scrotum a me nā testicle. Nui loa ka clitoris a like me ka phallus. Hele ka ʻōpena ma waena o kēia pseudo-penis. No ka moʻa, hiki i ka wahine ke hoʻohuli i ka clitoris i hiki i ke kāne kāne ke hoʻokomo i kāna penis.
Hoʻokumu ka kāne i ka mea i hoʻāo e hoa. Ma ka honi, maopopo iā ia ke mākaukau ka wahine e male. ʻO ke kāne e hoʻoliʻiliʻi maikaʻi i kona poʻo i mua o kāna "lede" ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona o ka mahalo a hoʻomaka i ka hana hoʻoholo wale nō ma hope o kāna ʻae ʻia. ʻO ka pinepine, pili ka wahine me nā kāne ʻaʻole lālā o ko lākou ʻohana. Ua ʻike ʻia hiki i nā hyenas ke moekolohe no ka leʻaleʻa. Hoʻopili pū lākou i nā hana moekolohe, ʻoi aku i nā wahine me nā wahine ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka manawa hana o ka hyena ʻike ʻia he 4 mau mahina... Hānau ʻia nā ʻōpala i loko o ka burr brood i hoʻomohala piha ʻia, me nā maka hāmama a me nā niho piha. Kaupaona nā pēpē mai 1 a 1.5 kg. Kūleʻa lākou mai ka hoʻomaka. He hana paʻakikī loa ka hānau ʻana no kahi hyena i ʻike ʻia, ma muli o ke ʻano o kāna genitalia. Hiki ke hana i nā waimaka hoʻōla paʻakikī i nā genital, kahi e hoʻopaneʻe ai i ke kaʻina hana hou. ʻO ka pinepine, hoʻopau ka hānau hānau ʻana me ka make ʻana o ka makuahine a cub paha.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa kēlā me kēia wahine i kāna pēpē no 6-12 mau mahina ma mua o ka weaning (hiki i ka weaning piha ke lawe i 2-6 mau mahina). Maliʻa paha, hiki ke hānai lōʻihi pēlā ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o nā huahana iwi i ka papaʻai. ʻO ka waiū hyena ʻike nui i nā meaʻai no ka ulu ʻana o nā pēpē. Loaʻa iā ia ka nui o nā protein i ka honua, a ma ke ʻano o ka momona o ka momona ʻo ka lua wale nō ia o ka waiū o kahi bear polar. Ma muli o kahi momona momona, hiki i ka wahine ke haʻalele i ka lua no ka ʻimi holoholona no 5-7 mau lā me ka hopohopo ʻole no ke ʻano o nā pēpē. ʻO nā hyenas liʻiliʻi e manaʻo ʻia he mau mākua wale nō i ka makahiki ʻelua o ke ola.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Ma ʻApelika Hema, Sierra Leone, Round, Nigeria, Mauritania, Mali, Cameroon, Burundi, aia ko lākou helu i ka make o ka make. I kekahi mau ʻāina, ke emi nei ko lākou heluna kānaka ma muli o ka hahai holoholona ʻana a me ka ʻaihue ʻana.
Mea nui!Ua helu ʻia nā hyenas ʻike ʻia i ka Buke Ulaula.
Ma Botswana, ka lehulehu o kēia mau holoholona ma lalo o ka mokuʻāina. Lawe ʻia kā lākou mau lua mai nā noho kanaka; i ka ʻāina, hana ka hyena i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he pāʻani. ʻO ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka make ma Malawia, Namibia, Kenya a me Zimbabwe.
