Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Breed Newfoundland (Newfoundland) i nā mea hoʻohua ʻīlio a me nā mea lawelawe ʻīlio ma lalo o ka inoa ʻo "diver". Ua hoʻohana mua ʻia ia me he ʻīlio hana ma Kanada. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka laha ke kū ʻana o nā membrane kūikawā ma waena o nā manamana wāwae.
Mōʻaukala o ke kumu o ka lāhui
ʻIke ʻia kekahi mau manaʻo e pili ana i ke kumu o Newfoundland... ʻO ka mana maoli ka mana e like me ka ʻōlelo a nā kūpuna o ka lāhui i kapa ʻia ʻo "ʻīlio bear", i lawe ʻia e Viking Leif Erickson i ka mokupuni panalāʻau ʻo Newfoundland.
ʻAʻole emi iki ka manaʻo o nā kūpuna o Newfoundland nā kia mast Tibet. ʻOiai, ʻaʻohe hōʻike pololei o ia ʻano pilina, a ʻaʻohe ʻike ʻepekema e like me ka mea i hele mai nā kūpuna o nā "divers" o ʻAmelika i ʻAkau ʻĀkau mai ka panalāʻau ʻo Tibet.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO ko lākou kūpaʻa, hoʻolaʻa a me ka mālie, a me ko lākou hiki ke kūpaʻa maʻalahi i nā kūlana o ke aniau o ka mokupuni Kanada, Newfoundlands o kēia manawa, no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā ʻano.
ʻO ke kumumanaʻo kūpono loa ka puka ʻana o ka laha i ke kaʻina o ka hoʻomohala kūlohelohe ʻana o nā ʻīlio Kanada, nona ka lole lush a me ka pale wai.
ʻO ka puka ʻana o Newfoundland i kēia hihia ma muli o ke keʻa o nā ʻīlio Kanada me nā ʻano e like me Mastiff, Molossos, Pokukala a me Shepherds Scottish.
ʻIke, wehewehe
Hāʻawi nā kūlana i kahi kikoʻī kikoʻī o ka mea maikaʻi, mai ke kuanaʻike o ka lāhui, lunamakaʻāinana, kahi e pono ai e nā mea hoʻohua e like me kahi kuhikuhi. I kēia lā alakaʻi ʻia nā mea hoʻohua a pau e nā kūlana ʻehā: Pelekania, ʻAmelika, Kanada a me FCI.
ʻO nā ʻāina āpau - nā lālā o ka International Cynological Federation, i kēia mau makahiki i alakaʻi ʻia e ka paʻi hou loa o ke kūlana FCI, ma muli o nā pae hoʻohālikelike e pili ana i nā kumuwaiwai o ke kūlana Kanada.
Nā kūlana hānau
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ʻo Newfoundlands e like me nā ʻīlio sled ukana a me nā ʻīlio wai e pono e hoʻokō i nā pae hoʻohālikelike aʻe:
- kuikui ke kino, a nunui ka iwi kuamoo;
- nunui ke poʻo, me kahi iwi poʻo ākea, me kahi pio kuhi liʻiliʻi a me ke kū ʻana o kahi protuberance occipital i hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia;
- haʻi maikaʻi nā wāwae, akā ʻaʻole ʻoi, a nunui ka ihu a puaʻa maikaʻi, hoʻomohala pono nā piko ihu;
- he hāhā ka hohonu, hohonu a ʻano pōkole hoʻi, uhi ʻia me ka lauoho pokole a palupalu hoʻi, a palupalu ka wahi pāpālina;
- nahu o kahi ʻano pololei a ʻoki nahu paha;
- ʻuʻuku nā maka, ʻano hohonu a hoʻonohonoho ākea, ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele iki i ke kala.
- ʻaʻole nui loa nā pepeiao, triangular, me nā kihi poepoe, kau ʻia ma ke kua o ka iwi poʻo;
- ua ikaika a lawa ka ʻāʻī o ka ʻāʻī, me ka ʻole o ka ʻiehā nui;
- ākea ka ʻaoʻao o hope, me ka lawa o ka ikaika a me ka mākala maikaʻi o ka ʻaoʻao i lalo;
- ākea ka croup, me kahi slope maʻamau o 30 °;
- pololei a kaulike nā wāwae o mua, a he ikaika, ākea a lōʻihi hoʻi ka pelvic o nā wāwae o ka wāwae.
- ua ikaika a laulā ka huelo ma ke kumu.
Hoʻohanohano ʻia ka laha e kahi pale pale wai lua, i kekahi manawa me ka waviness a me nā lauoho kiaʻi lōʻihi lōʻihi. He mānoanoa a palupalu hoʻi ka undercoat.
ʻAe ʻia nā kala ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo-ʻeleʻele e nā ana... ʻO ke kiʻekiʻena kiʻekiʻe o kahi kāne makua ma kahi maloʻo ʻo 70-71cm. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻena kiʻekiʻe o kahi ʻelemakule mākua ma kahi maloʻo ʻo 65-66cm. ʻO ke kaupaona o ka ʻīlio he 67-68kg, a ʻo ka uʻi he 53-54kg.
ʻO Newfoundland ʻano
Ma waho, "hoʻomālamalama" ʻo Newfoundland me ka ʻoluʻolu a me ke akahai o ke ʻano. ʻOiai kona ʻano hanohano loa, he ʻīlio hauʻoli loa ia a me ka mea hou i ʻike ʻia no kona ʻano akahai a mālie hoʻi.
ʻO Thoroughbred Newfoundland ka mea aneane nele loa i nā ʻano ʻimi holoholona maʻamau, akā hiki iā ia ke hoʻoholo kūʻokoʻa i lalo o kekahi mau kūlana. Nui ka waiwai o ka lāhui no ka nele loa o ka huhū i nā kānaka a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe.
Hoihoi ia! Ua hōʻoia nā ʻepekema ʻike pinepine ʻo Newfoundlands i nā moeʻuhane, no laila, i ka wā hoʻomaha, ke kaniʻuhū nei ka pipi, ʻānai a wili hoʻi i kona mau wāwae, a i ʻole, ʻoliʻoli a haʻalulu kona huelo.
ʻO nā ʻāina ʻauʻau maikaʻi ʻo Newfoundlands, no laila hauʻoli loa lākou e pili ana i nā manawa kūpono a pau e mālama ai i ka wai. Eia nō naʻe, he mea nui ke aʻo aku i ka ʻīlio pēpē mai nā manawa mua o kona helehelena i ka hale.
Inā pono, hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻike i kāu pipi i nā mea hānai hānau kūikawā nāna e kōkua e hoʻomaʻamaʻa wale i ke ʻano, akā hāʻawi i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana a me ka aʻo ʻana o Newfoundland.
Wā ola
ʻO ke ola maʻamau o kahi ʻīlio nui me kahi kino ikaika a me nā mākala a me nā neʻe i hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia he ʻumi mau makahiki wale nō.
Eia nō naʻe, e like me ka hana wā lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana i kēlā ʻano laha ma ka home hōʻike, ʻo nā hemahema liʻiliʻi loa i ka mālama pinepine ʻana e hoʻoliʻiliʻi loa i ke ola o Newfoundland.
ʻO ka ʻike ma Newfoundland ma ka home
ʻAʻole kūpono iki ʻo Newfoundlands no ka mālama ʻana i nā pā o waho ma hope o nā kī a i ʻole nā kaulahao. Mālama ʻia kēia laha, ma ke ʻano he rula, i nā kūlana hale a i ʻole i ka hale pilikino o kahi ʻāina me ka pā no ka hele wāwae maʻamau.
Ma mua o ke kūʻai ʻana i kahi ʻīlio pēpē, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaʻamaʻa iā ʻoe iho me nā lula maʻamau no ka mālama ʻana iā ia.... He mea nui ka hāʻawi ʻana i kāu pipi me kahi e hiamoe ai a hoʻomaha maikaʻi ai, a me ka ʻai ʻana.
Pono i ka hale i kahi kini kōkua mua holoholona, nā mea pono no ke pāʻani ʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, a me nā mea āpau no ka mālama ʻana i ka hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe.
Mālama a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe
He mea nui ia e mālama pinepine a mākaukau i ka lole loloa o Newfoundland. Pono pono e kāhili i ke kapaʻahu i kēlā me kēia lā, e hoʻohana ana i kahi palaki me kahiʻano paʻakikī paʻakikī. Pono ka pale i ka nānā kūikawā i ka wā hoʻokahe.
I mea e hōʻoki ʻole ai i ka pale pale ma ka ʻahu o ka holoholona a me ka ʻili, pono pono e hōʻole i ka ʻauʻau ʻana i ka ʻīlio ke ʻole pono pono. Loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi loa e ka mālama manawa ʻana o ka hulu hipa me nā shampoo maloʻo kūikawā.
Nānā ʻia nā pepeiao i kēlā me kēia pule, a inā loaʻa nā ʻāpana o ka ʻulaʻula i ʻōlelo ʻia, hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi ʻia ka auricle me kahi pale pulupulu i hoʻomaʻū ʻia me ka chlorhexidine, a ma hope iho ua hamo ʻia ka ʻili me ka emthion synthomycin.
E hoʻoneʻe i nā huna huna e ʻākoakoa a puni nā maka, e hoʻohana i ka gauze i hoʻoulu ʻia i ka wai maʻemaʻe a i ʻole nā lotions lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā.
Hoʻokiʻoki mau ʻia nā kui i mea e kōkua ai i ke aniani o ka metacarpus a me nā manamana wāwae... Pono ʻoe e hōʻoia i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe niho. No ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, hoʻohana ʻia nā pākuʻi non-allergenic kūikawā a me nā palaki niho, a me nā mea pono e hoʻoneʻe i ka pā mai nā niho. Lawe ʻia nā waihona Tartar i kahi keʻena lāʻau lāʻau.
Mea nui! ʻOiai ka hiki ʻole ke holoi i ka Newfoundland pinepine ʻole, mai ka wā ʻōpio, pono e maʻa i ka holoholona i nā kaʻina hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe, e like me ka holoi ʻana i kona mau wāwae ma hope o ka hele wāwae a holoi ʻana i kona maka me ka lole pulu ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana.
Pehea e hānai ai iā Newfoundland
ʻO ka hapanui o nā mea hānai ʻīlio e hoʻohana nei i ka meaʻai i hoʻomākaukau ʻia no ka hānai ʻana i nā holoholona, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i ka Newfoundland ʻaʻole wale ma kahi ʻano maloʻo, akā i hoʻopulu mua ʻia hoʻi i ka wai maʻamau a i ka pala. E hoʻoholo pono i ka papaʻai, pono ʻoe e ʻike mai ka mea hānai he aha ke ʻano o ka meaʻai a ka ʻīlio pēpē i kūʻai ʻia. ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻololi i ka ʻīlio i kahi ʻano meaʻai ʻokoʻa, akā ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka papaʻai e pono e hana mālie.
Mea nui! E hoʻomanaʻo i ka wā e hānai ana i kāu meaʻai holoholona maloʻo, pono e hāʻawi ʻia ka ʻīlio me ke komo hala ʻole i ka wai inu maʻemaʻe.
ʻO ka helu o nā hānai a me ke ana o ka hānai ʻana e like me ka makahiki o ka pipi.
- hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻīlio pēpē mai ʻelua a ʻehā mau mahina i ka meaʻai ʻelima mau manawa i ka lā;
- Hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻīlio pēpē mai ʻehā mau mahina a i ʻeono mahina i ka meaʻai ʻehā mau manawa i ka lā;
- i nā makahikiʻeono a hiki i ʻewalu mahina, hāʻawi ʻia ka mea ʻai i ʻekolu manawa i ka lā;
- hiki ke hoʻololi i kahi holoholona hānai ma mua o ʻewalu mau mahina i ʻelua mau ʻai i ka lā.
ʻO nā mea ʻai hānai i hoʻomākaukau ʻia he ʻokoʻa loa ia, akā kaukaʻi ʻia i nā ʻano o nā ʻāpana a me ko lākou ʻano maikaʻi, hiki ke hōʻike ʻia i nā papa like ʻole.
Hiki ke hānai ʻia ʻo Newfoundland me nā papaʻai kūlohelohe maʻamau, akā i kēia hihia, pono ʻoe e helu pono i ka nui a me ke ʻano o nā meaʻai, a me ke kaulike i nā ʻāpana āpau a helu i ka hoʻohui o nā huaora a me nā mea hoʻohui mineral.
Pono nā huahana āpau e kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole momona a hou... Pono pono e hānai i kahi pipi, me ka nānā ʻole i ke kaumaha a me nā makahiki, hoʻokahi hola ma hope o ka hoʻi ʻana mai kahi hele wāwae.
Nā maʻi a me nā kīnā hānau
Kuhi ʻia nā kuhi hewa ʻana mai nā kūlana laha he hewa. ʻO nā hewa nui o Newfoundland nā:
- wāwae kiʻekiʻe;
- looseness a māmā paha o ka iwi;
- ka hakakā a i ʻole ka makaʻu;
- poʻo haiki a me ka waha a lōʻihi a kuhi paha;
- poepoe a hoʻopuni paha i nā maka melemele me ka ʻike maka maka kolu;
- hunchback, nāwaliwali a hoʻi i hope paha;
- pōkole a lōʻihi loa paha o ka huelo me nā kinks a i ʻole nā wili ma ka hopena.
ʻO nā hemahema disqualifying pū me ka nele o ka temperament, distortions a me nā ā lalo, lalo pōkole a me ka pahee pale, kala pono ʻole. E loaʻa i nā kāne he mau hōʻike i hoʻomohala ʻia i iho i lalo i ka scrotum.
Loaʻa i ka Newfoundlands kahi predisposition i kekahi mau maʻi laha, i hōʻike ʻia e:
- dysplasia o nā hui pūhaka, i ukali ʻia e nā maʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ami a hiki ma kekahi ʻaoʻao a i ʻole bilateral. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā ʻano paʻakikī e ka dislocation piha o ke poʻo femoral mai ka acetabulum;
- nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular i ke ʻano o ka stortosis aortic. Hoʻopilikia ka hoʻoilina o ka wehe ākea i nā kahe o ke kahe maoli. Ma ke ʻano he rula, hōʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona mua loa o ka maʻi i loko o kahi holoholona hānai i ka makahiki o ʻekolu mau mahina a ʻoi iki paha o ka makahiki;
- nā maʻi maka i ke ʻano o ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka maka i loko a i waho paha. I ka hihia mua, ua hōʻeha ʻia ke kole e nā maka maka, kahi e hoʻonāukiuki ai i ka ulu ʻana o nā hana hoʻomeamea, a he ʻoki wale nō ka lāʻau. Hiki i ke kūwaho kūwaho ke lilo i congenital a i loaʻa, akā koi ʻia i ke komo ʻoki ʻana. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi pinepine, kū nā mea nona Newfoundland me ka prolaps o ke kolu o ka eyelid, i hele pū me ka ulu o ka mea i loko o ka maka o loko i loko;
- ka panostitis a i ʻole ka huʻi ʻeha o nā iwi lōʻihi tubular. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka maʻi ma ke ʻano he clamication intermittent a i ʻole nā ulu ulu. ʻAʻole koi ʻo Panostitis i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a hele aku me ka makahiki iā ia iho.
ʻO ka pinepine a ʻaneʻane me ka nānā ʻole i ka makahiki, ʻeha ʻo Newfoundlands i ka bloating a i ʻole hoʻonui ākea o ka ʻōpū. ʻO kēia ʻano, i ʻike ʻia he torsion, hele pū ʻia me ka hoʻonui nui ʻana o ka ʻōpū ma muli o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻia o ke kinoea a wai paha.
ʻO ka hāʻawi ʻole i ka mālama holoholona i ka manawa kūpono hiki ke alakaʻi i ka make o kahi holoholona. I mea e hōʻemi ai i ka pilikia o ka hoʻomōhala ʻana i kēlā ʻano maʻi, pono e hōʻalo i ka hoʻoikaika kino nui ʻana, ʻaʻole ma mua o ka ʻai wale nō, akā ma hope koke nō hoʻi o ka hānai ʻana. He mea nui like ʻole e hānai nui i kāu ʻīlio.
Kūʻai iā Newfoundland
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e kiʻi i kahi ʻīlio Newfoundland i ka makahiki hoʻokahi a me ka hapa a i ʻole ʻelua mau mahina... I kēia makahiki, like ke ʻano o ka holoholona me ka liʻiliʻi, hilahila ʻole, nīnau a wehe i ke kamaʻilio bear bear. ʻO ke kaupaona o kahi pēpē i kēlā me kēia mahina ma kahi o 5 kg, ma ʻelua mau mahina - 10-12 kg, a i ʻekolu mau mahina e hiki aku ai i 15-18 kg.
He aha e nānā ai
Inā ʻoe e hoʻolālā e hana me kāu pipi ma nā hōʻike hōʻikeʻike a hana paha i ka hanauna moʻokūʻauhau, a laila ʻo ka mea mua e pono ʻoe e nānā pono i ka ʻikepili kūwaho a i ʻole ka mea i kapa ʻia o waho o ka ʻīlio, a me kona mau mākua.
Nui nā ʻano maikaʻi ʻole i hiki ke pale āpau i ke ala no kahi pipi e komo i ke apo. ʻO kēia mau hewa maʻamau:
- ka makaʻu a me ka huhū;
- ke kū mai o kahi meaʻai māmā a i ʻole kiʻi ma lalo;
- ke alo o nā ālia kekee
- palekole pōkole loa a maʻalahi hoʻi.
Pono nā pēpē i hoʻokō ʻia e nānā pono i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ka maʻemaʻe, hānai maikaʻi ʻia a ikaika loa... Pono i nā ʻīlio olakino ke kapa ʻōlinolino, nā maka a me nā pepeiao maʻemaʻe, a me ka ʻole o nā huhū a me nā ʻōpala. ʻAʻole pono e huki i ka ʻōpū a pehu paha.
Hiki i nā ʻīlio Purebred Newfoundland ke loaʻa i ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele paha (keleawe a kokoleka paha).
ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia ʻo Grey Newfoundlands, e like me nā lula o ka RKF, e komo i nā hōʻike a hoʻohana ʻole ʻia i ka hānau hānau. Loaʻa kēlā mau ʻīlio pēpē i ka moʻokūʻauhau i kahi peʻa kūikawā "holoholona me ke kala i ʻike ʻole ʻia e ka FCI".
Mea nui! E hoʻomanaʻo pono i nā pēpē a pau o Newfoundland, i ka piha ʻana o nā makahiki he ʻewalu, pono e hana i kahi nānā maʻamau no ka stenosis cardiac, no laila pono i ka mea hānai ke hāʻawi i ka mea kūʻai mai me nā hopena o kēlā hōʻike.
Kumukūʻai ʻīlio Newfoundland
ʻO ke kumukūʻai maʻamau o kahi ʻīlio Newfoundland e loli ana i kona mau makahiki, ka nui o ke kala, ka papa a me nā kāne. Kūʻai ʻia nā ʻīlio pēpē "Pet-class" a me "Brid-class" e nā kennels kūloko ma ke kumu kūʻai o 15,000-20,000 rubles. ʻO nā holoholona me nā ʻikepili kūlike kiʻekiʻe a me ka hoʻohiki ʻana no kahi ʻoihana hōʻike e ʻike mau ʻia e kahi kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe.
Nā loiloi nona
Wahi a nā mea hānai a Newfoundland a me nā mea lawelawe i ka ʻīlio, pili kēia ʻano i ka mahele o nā holoholona a me nā holoholona. ʻO kēlā holoholona hipa ʻehā mau wāwae e pono mau i ka ʻike, ke kani a me ke kamaʻilio maʻalahi, a me ka pilina naʻau ʻaʻole wale me ka mea nona, akā me nā ʻīlio ʻē aʻe hoʻi.
ʻO Newfoundlands, ʻoiai i ka wā ʻelemakule, makemake e pāʻani a holo, e mālama nei i ka noʻonoʻo ola a me ka hana kino a hiki i nā lā hope loa o ke ola. Maʻalahi ke aʻo ʻana i kēia laha ʻaʻole wale i nā kauoha maʻamau, akā me nā hoʻopunipuni paʻakikī hoʻi.
ʻAe nā mea nona Newfoundland i kā lākou mau holoholona wāwae ʻehā e lawe i nā ʻeke māmā i ko lākou mau niho, a me nā keiki sledge i ka hoʻoilo. ʻO kēlā ʻīlio e hauʻoli nei i ka nānā ʻana i nā keiki ʻaʻole wale ma nā kaona kaona, akā i ke ʻano hoʻi, keu hoʻi kokoke i nā kino wai.
Hoihoi ia! Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i ka hoihoi i loko o ka ʻano i nā ʻano leʻaleʻa o ka lāhui.
Mai ka wā kamaliʻi mai, makemake nui ʻo Newfoundlands i ka huakaʻi, a hauʻoli nui loa hoʻi lākou i nā mea hou. ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama iā Newfoundland no ka manawa lōʻihi i ka lā a i loko o kahi lumi i piha i ka piha ʻole, no ka mea i kēia hihia ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka makaʻi o ka ʻīlio a wela paha i ka wela.
He mea kupaianaha, akamai, hoʻomalie a kūmau hoʻi ka ʻīlio Newfoundland i kūpono no nā ʻohana me nā keiki a me nā mea makemake i ka leʻaleʻa ʻeleu.
Hoʻohana ʻia ka hulu hipa o kēlā ʻīlio no ka ulana ʻana i nā lole mehana e kōkua ai i ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi hui.... Eia nō naʻe, pono e hoʻomanaʻo kekahi e pili ana i nā nui o nā pēpē, no laila, no ka mālama ʻana i nā keʻena cramp, ʻaʻole kēia ke koho lāhui ʻoi loa.
