ʻO ka Oscar Astronotus (Latin Astronotus ocellatus, English Oscar iʻa), a i ʻole kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo Tiger Astronotus a me Oscar, kahi cichlid nui a ʻulaʻula hoʻi mai ʻAmelika Hema. Ma waho o kona nui a me kona kala, ʻike ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he iʻa akamai a hoihoi loa.
ʻO kēia iʻa, ʻoluʻolu i ka wā ʻōpio, ulu wikiwiki i kona nui nui (a 35 cm) a ʻoliʻoli ʻole e huki i ka manaʻo o kekahi aquarist.
ʻO kēia kahi iʻa, kahi e hiki ai iā mākou ke ʻōlelo he manaʻo kona a me kāna ʻano ponoʻī, ʻike ia i ka mea nona.
E nānā ʻo Oscar iā ʻoe ke hana ʻoe i kāu ʻoihana i loko o ka lumi, a e ʻike ʻoe e hana ʻoi aku ka noʻonoʻo ma mua o nā cichlids liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe.
ʻAe kekahi e ʻāwīwī iā lākou, e like me nā pōpoki hale, a ʻoluʻolu iā ia. ʻĀ, ʻaʻole pilikia ka hānai lima ʻana, akā hiki nō ke nahu.
ʻOiai ʻo ka helehelena hihiu kahi kaulana a loaʻa ākea, i nā makahiki i hala aku nei ua hoʻomohala ʻia nā ʻano kala like ʻole e like me ka makemake.
Nani lākou āpau, akā ma ke ʻano kūikawā he ʻiʻo ka ʻulaʻula ʻo Oscar me kahi kino ʻeleʻele kahi e hele ai nā ʻulaʻula a ʻalani paha.
Ma waho aʻe o ia, aia kekahi tiger, albino (keʻokeʻo piha a i ʻole me nā kiko ʻulaʻula), kinikini, a me nā ʻano veil.
Akā, ʻo kēia mau ʻano āpau he ʻano maʻamau a maʻamau. I kā lākou mālama ʻana a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana, like like lākou āpau, koe wale nō ke koi nui nei kekahi mau ʻano a me ka hiki ʻole i ka maʻi.
Laki no mākou, ʻaʻole kahi iʻa koi nui ʻo Astronotus, a hiki i nā mea hoʻomaka ke mālama pono iā lākou. Hoʻokahi pilikia ka nuance hoʻokahi e pilikia ai lākou - ka nui.
Ulu wikiwiki lākou a i ke kaʻina ʻai lākou i nā iʻa āpau i ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi i ka nui. E like me nā cichlids nui, predatory, pono e mālama ʻia nā astrika i loko o nā aquarium o 400 liters a ʻoi aku, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.
Noho i ke kūlohelohe
Ua wehewehe mua ʻia ʻo Astronotus i ka makahiki 1831. Aia kona ʻāina hānau ma ʻAmelika Hema: ma ke kahawai ʻo Amazon muliwai, ma ka muliwai ʻo Parana, Rio Paraguay, Rio Negro.
Lawe ʻia ia i Kina, Australia, Florida, kahi i acclimatized koke ai a hoʻomaka e hoʻopau i nā ʻano kūloko. I kona ʻano kūlohelohe, manaʻo ʻia he iʻa kalepa ia, a ʻo ka ʻono o ia mea i mahalo nui ʻia.
I ke kūlohelohe, noho ʻo ia i nā biotopes like ʻole, ma nā kahawai nui a me nā auwai, nā loko, nā loko me kahi lepo a lepo paha. ʻAi ʻo ia i ka iʻa, crayfish, nā ilo a me nā kolo.
Wehewehe
He kino ikaika ko ka iʻa, ʻano oval me ke poʻo mana, a me nā lehelehe nui a ʻiʻo hoʻi. I ke kūlohelohe, hiki iā lākou ke hōʻea i 35 knm i ka lōʻihi, akā i kahi aquarium ua liʻiliʻi lākou, ma kahi o 20-25 cm. Me ka mālama maikaʻi, ola lākou i 10 mau makahiki a ʻoi paha.
ʻO nā kānaka e noho ana i ke kūlohelohe maʻamau i nā kala, ʻeleʻele i ke kala me nā ʻalani ʻalani ma nā gills a me ke kua. He wahi ʻeleʻele nui ko ka caudal fin, i ʻōniu ʻia me ka ʻalani, no laila i loaʻa ai ko lākou inoa - i kuʻi ʻia.
Kaulana nā ʻano hihiu a me nā mea i hānai ʻia e nā kānaka no ka hiki ke hoʻololi koke i ke kala ma lalo o ke koʻikoʻi, i ka wā o ka hakakā a pale ʻana paha i ka ʻāina.
ʻOkoʻa nā ʻōpio mai ko lākou mau mākua i ke kala, ʻeleʻele lākou me nā kiko keʻokeʻo ma ke kino. E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia, nui nā ʻano waihoʻoluʻu like ʻole: ʻulaʻula, brindle, albino, kinikini.
Ka paʻakikī i ka ʻike
ʻOiai he iʻa hoihoi a maʻalahi hoʻi ka mālama ʻana i ka Astronotus, he mea nui ʻaʻole e hoʻopunipuni ʻia e kona nui i ka wā ʻōpio, a me kāna ʻano maluhia.
Kūʻai ʻia ka hapa nui o nā oscars ma kahi o 3 cm ka nui a mālama ʻia i loko o kahi aquarium like me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe i kēia manawa. Eia nō naʻe, mai hoʻopunipuni ʻoe i ke kūʻai ʻana iā ʻoe iho iā Astronotus no kāu aquarium 100 litro i kaʻana like ʻia.
Ulu wikiwiki ia, no ka hoʻomohala maʻamau pono ka nui o ka aquarium o 400 liters, a he kumukūʻai nui e hānai iā ia.
Eia hou, he iʻa predatory ia e pono e mālama pālua ʻia i loko o kahi pahu kaʻawale a i ʻole me nā hoanoho nui aku i kahi pahu nui loa.
Akā, mai huhū. Inā kūpaʻa loa ʻoe makemake ʻoe i kahi iʻa, a laila maʻalahi ka mālama ʻana iā lākou, a i ka hoʻihoʻi e loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi iʻa nani, akamai a ʻaneʻane hōʻali.
Hanai ana
I ke kūlohelohe, he omnivorous kēia mau iʻa, ʻai lākou i nā ʻano meaʻai like ʻole, e like me: nā mea kolo, nā ʻūlū, nā zooplankton, nā mea kanu a me nā limu, nā iʻa, nā invertebrates a me nā amphibians.
I loko o kahi aquarium, he iʻa unpretentious loa kēia i ka hānai ʻana, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hāʻawi iā lākou i ka meaʻai holoholona.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e hānai i nā meaʻai kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe no nā cichlids nui - nā pellets, nā granule, nā papa. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, he ākea ke koho ʻia o lākou i kēia manawa, mai Kina a i nā mea hana ʻEulopa. Hoʻopili, hāʻawi i ka meaʻai ola a i ʻole ka hau.
Aloha lākou i nā ʻenuhe a me nā mea kolo, akā ʻai pū lākou i nā ʻalekiko, nā ʻōpala, nā iʻa iʻa, nā ʻiʻo o nā kūpulu, nā ʻūhū, nā ʻūhū a me nā meaʻai nui ʻē aʻe.
Ma ke ʻano maʻamau, hāʻawi ʻia lākou i nā iʻa, no ka laʻana, gup Puppies a i ʻole nā pale-huelo, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana inā ʻoe e maopopo loa he olakino nā iʻa a ʻaʻole e lawe i ka maʻi.
Makemake loa nā Astronotuses a iʻa lawa ʻole i ka iʻa, no laila he mea nui ʻaʻole e hānai nui iā lākou, a i ʻole hiki i ka maʻi a me ka make ke hiki.
I hoʻokahi manawa, hānai ʻia nā cichlids me ka ʻiʻo mammal, akā i kēia manawa pono e hōʻole ʻia kēia. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka protein a me ka momona i loko o ia ʻanoʻiʻo, ʻai ʻole ʻia e ka iʻa, alakaʻi i ka momona a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa o nā mea kūloko.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e hānai i ka puʻu pipi like i hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule, i ʻole e hoʻonui i ka iʻa.
Mālama a mālama i ka aquarium
Maʻalahi ka mālama ʻana i nā Astronotus, hāʻawi ʻia iā ʻoe e hāʻawi iā lākou i ka wai hou a maʻemaʻe hoʻi.
ʻO kahi aquarium he ʻōnaehana paʻa a no ka nui o ia, pono nō ia e hoʻomaʻemaʻe a mālama. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, piʻi ka pae o ka amonia a me nā nitrates i loko o ka wai, ʻona hoʻomake ʻia ka iʻa.
ʻOiai maʻalahi lākou i ka lāʻau make e kēia mau mea, he mea nui e hoʻololi e pili ana i 20% o ka wai i loko o ka aquarium i kēlā me kēia pule a e siphon i ka lepo.
Hōʻiliʻili nā koena hānai i ka lepo, popopo a pinepine ma muli o kēia, nā pilikia nui loa me ka mālama ʻana.
Hoʻomanaʻo i ka ʻōpala iʻa i ka wā o ka pāʻina, nā koena o ka meaʻai e lūlū i nā ʻaoʻao āpau. ʻO kahi laʻana, kuha aku lākou i nā ʻāpana o ka iʻa, ʻoiai lākou e ʻai like i nā papa like.
No laila inā ʻoe e hāʻawi nei i ka meaʻai e like me ka iʻa ola, a laila e siphon i ka lepo a hoʻololi pinepine i ka wai.
E noho ʻoluʻolu nā ʻōpio i kahi aquarium 100 liters, akā ke lilo lākou i poʻe mākua, pono lākou i 400 liters a ʻoi paha.
Inā ʻoe e hoʻolālā e mālama i kahi pālua no ka hoʻoulu ʻana, a ʻoiai me nā iʻa nui ʻē aʻe, pono ʻoe i kahi pahu wai nui aku e hōʻemi i ka nui o nā hakakā.
Makemake nā Astronotuses i ka wai me ka nui o ka oxygen, akā ʻaʻole makemake i ke kahe, no laila hoʻohana i ka aeration a i ʻole ka hānai ʻana i ka wai mai kahi kānana kūwaho ma o kahi ohe i kū ma luna o ka wai.
Ma muli o ka nui o ka iʻa a ʻeleu loa, e hoʻokūpaʻa i nā lako a me nā mea hoʻonaninani, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e uhi i nā mea hoʻomehana me nā pōhaku nui a i ʻole nā mea hoʻonaninani ʻē aʻe. Hiki i nā Oscars ke pāʻani me ke kāhiko, e hoʻouka nei iā ia, akā no ka nui o lākou, hiki ke hopena maikaʻi ʻole no ka mea hoʻonani.
Inā maʻalahi kāu iʻa i kēia ʻano, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopunipuni iā lākou ma ke kīloi ʻana i kahi mea e hoʻohuli i ko lākou manaʻo mai ka lakohana.
ʻO ka lepo maikaʻi ke hoʻohana ʻia he one, a lākou makemake e ʻeli ai. ʻAʻole pono nā mea kanu, e ʻeli ʻia a ʻai ʻia paha lākou. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo e kanu i nā lāʻano paʻakikī i loko o nā ipuhao, e like me nā anubias.
A ʻae, inā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo nei i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kekahi ʻano hoʻolālā i loko o ka aquarium i mea nani nā mea āpau, a laila e hoʻomanaʻo - ʻo ka mea nui i ka aquarium ʻaʻole ʻoe, akā ʻo Oscar. E ʻeli a Astronotus i nā mea a lākou e ʻike ai he kūpono.
He ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo nui e uhi i ka aquarium, no laila e pale aku ʻoe i nā ʻōpala i ka wā e hānai ana a ʻaʻole e lele aku kāu iʻa i waho.
- Ka mahana o ka wai - 22-26C
- acidity ph: 6.5-7.5
- paʻakikī ka wai - a 23 °
Hoʻohālikelike
ʻAʻole kūpono loa nā Astronotuses no nā aquariums like (no ka mea a ka mea kūʻai aku e ʻōlelo ai. ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke kāhea ikaika aku i nā iʻa nui ʻē aʻe, he mau mea ʻaihue lākou a ʻai lākou i ka iʻa hiki iā lākou ke ale.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e mālama iā lākou i nā pālua, i kahi aquarium ʻokoʻa. Akā, kūlike lākou me nā iʻa nui ʻē aʻe, pono wale nō i ka aquarium no kēia.
Mālama ʻo Aquarists i nā astronotuse me nā arowans, pacu ʻeleʻele, cichlazomas ʻewalu mau kaha, Managuan cichlazomas, nā plecostomuse nui a me nā cichlids ʻoloka. Eia nō naʻe, kaukaʻi ʻia i ke ʻano a ʻaʻole lākou e launa pū me lākou āpau.
Makemake lākou e ʻeli i ka lepo a ʻeli i nā mea kanu, a hiki nō hoʻi ke pāʻani me nā mea hoʻonaninani a me nā pono hana. Hoʻohui ʻia, hōʻike lākou i kahi ʻike ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā cichlids ʻē aʻe.
No laila ʻike lākou i ka mea ʻona, ukali iā ia ma ʻō o ka lumi, pane i ka leo o ka mea ʻona, ʻae lākou e hānai ʻia a hānai ʻia mai ko lākou mau lima aku.
ʻOkoʻa moekolohe
ʻO ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka wahine mai kahi kāne he paʻakikī loa. Ua hoʻohiki ʻia, i ka wā o ka wā hānau, inā he ovipositor ka wahine.
Kūʻai maʻamau nā Breeders i ʻumikūmālua mau ʻōpio a hānai pū iā lākou, no laila koho ka iʻa i pālua na lākou. Manaʻo ʻia he ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka wahine ma mua o ke kāne, akā he hōʻailona pili kēia.
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa maoli ka ovipositor āna e hoʻomoe ai i nā hua. Akā, hoʻololi ʻia i kahi pōʻai kolohe - no ka mea aia wale nō i ka wā o ka wili ʻana.
Hoʻopiʻi hou
Ua oʻo lākou i ka moekolohe ma ka nui o 10-12 cm. Hōʻike nā Astronotuses, ma ke ʻano he rula, i ka aquarium like a lākou e noho nei. Pono pono e hana i kekahi mau hale noho a kau i nā pōhaku nui a pālahalaha kahi e waiho ai nā hua manu.
I ka wā o ka noho aloha ʻana, ʻohiʻohi ka wahine i kahi pōhaku a ʻānai iā ia. He keʻokeʻo ʻo Caviar, opaque, a hiki ke hoʻololi i ke kala i loko o 24 mau hola ma hope o ka hānau ʻana.
Mālama nā mākua i ka palai, akā ke hoʻomaka lākou e ʻauʻau i kā lākou iho, hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia mai nā mākua. Nui ka hua ʻai, hiki ke ola. Hiki ke hānai ʻia ʻo Fry me Cyclops a me Artemia nauplii.
Akā ma mua o kou hoʻomaka ʻana i ka hānau ʻana, e noʻonoʻo pono. Hiki i kahi wahine makua ke hoʻomoe i 2000 mau hua, ikaika ka ʻai a ulu maikaʻi.
ʻO kēia ka mea pono ʻoe e hānai a mālama mau iā ia. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke kūʻai aku ʻana a i ʻole ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka palai.
Liʻiliʻi ke koi no lākou, a haʻalele ka mōhai.
