I kēia lā, hoʻi mai koʻu ʻāina kulāiwi a me ka hoʻomaha nui, ʻike wau i kahi leka i noi ʻia ai wau e kānana i koʻu lolo ma ka liʻiliʻi a hoʻomaka i ke kākau ʻana i kēia ʻatikala. ʻO kēia kahi o kaʻu hana mua, no laila e ʻoluʻolu mai hoʻokolokolo pono. A i ʻole ka luna kānāwai. Aʻole wau i nānā.
A i kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ka genus holoʻokoʻa o kaʻu iʻa punahele, ʻo ia ka genus Panaque (Panaki). Ma ka laulaha, ua hāʻawi ʻia ka inoa ʻo "Panak" i kēia mau soms e ka poʻe noho o Venezuela, akā ʻaʻole mākou e ʻike ʻo wai ka mea mua o nā Panaka i lilo i "Panac".
Nā ʻano Panaki
I ka hōʻuluʻulu, ʻo ka moʻokūʻauhau ʻo Panaque i kēia manawa me 14 mau ʻano ʻano maikaʻi ʻole i wehewehe ʻia, ʻo nā nui mai 28 a 60 cm +, akā ʻoi aku ka nui ma kēlā hope.
No laila e hoʻomaka i ke kauoha. Pehea e hoʻokaʻawale ai iā Panaki mai nā iʻa Loricaria (L) ʻē aʻe? He mea maʻalahi nā mea āpau! ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona nui o kēia genus ke ʻano kikoʻī o nā niho. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o kā lākou kumu o ka niho ma mua o kona kaʻe. ʻO ia, aia kahi hoʻonui ākea mai ka gum a hiki i ka lihi o ka niho, no laila ua kapa ʻia lākou he "spoon-shaped" (me ke ʻano o ka puna.
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona ʻelua a kaulana paha ka hiʻohiona ʻano o ka iwi poʻo, hoʻomanaʻo i ke kaʻa mua o kahi kaʻaahi kikoʻī, a me ke kaulike poʻo-i-kino (noho ke poʻo ma kahi o ka hapakolu o ka nui o ka iʻa).
Eia kekahi ʻokoʻa nui loa ka ʻumiʻumi Panaka. ʻO ka mea i ke kūlohelohe, ʻo kā Panaka papaʻai ka hapanui o ka wahie, a no laila ʻaʻole pono ia i ka ʻono a me nā mea kālailai maʻalahi.
E pili pū ana me kēia mau koholohi maʻalea, a ʻoiai hoʻi, he rudement loa, aia wale nō ma kahi o nā puka ihu, ʻoiai ʻaʻole e hana nā whiskers nui i ke kuleana o nā mea kālailai, akā lawelawe paha, no ka ʻike ʻana o ka iʻa i kona nui ponoʻī (inā paha e hele ma kahi a ʻaʻole.
A pono ʻoe e nānā pono i nā kukuna o ka fin dorsal! He 8 mau o lākou a lālā ikaika lākou i ka lihi.
No laila, maikaʻi, ʻano hoʻokaʻawale ʻia me nā niho. I kēia manawa ke koe nei e noʻonoʻo he aha kēia mau niho. I ke kūlohelohe, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia aʻe, ʻo ka papaʻai nui o nā Panaki āpau (e pili ana i ka meaʻai, ʻano like lākou āpau) he lāʻau.
I ko lākou ola āpau, hoʻohana ʻole kēia mau mea hilahila i nā kumulāʻau a hāʻule ke aʻa i loko o ka wai. A hānai lākou iā lākou, no laila ke mālama nei i kēia iʻa iʻa i nā aquarium, mai poina e pili ana i ke kū ʻana o nā snags i loko o lākou.
Kūpono nui ʻia kēia no nā aʻa o nā lāʻau hua e like me ka plum, ʻāpala, lehu mauna, a pēlā aku. (ka mea hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai mau mai iā mākou vk.com/aquabiotopru).
Paipai wau i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā aʻa i loko o nā aquarium, no ka mea e ʻāwīwī loa kēia mau mokulele ma nā lālā maʻamau a hoʻohuli i kou kihi home o ke ʻano i loko o kahi wili. Ma muli o ka nau ʻana o Panaki i ka driftwood a hoʻokuʻu i ka wahī i loko o ka wai, kahi kumu kūʻai maikaʻi loa ia o cellulose e pono ai nā geophaguses, ʻo ka mālama pū ʻana iā lākou kahi manaʻo maikaʻi loa. (vk.com/geophagus - eia ka ʻo geophagus ʻoi loa ma ka ʻāina!)
Eia nō naʻe i ka papaʻai o kēia iʻa iʻa i loko o ka aquarium e pono ai i zucchini, nā kukama a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe "mānoanoa" e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hānai iā lākou. A ʻo ka nui o kā lākou ʻano, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena o ka ulu a me ke olakino o kāu holoholona.
Hauʻoli pū lākou i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā papaha "catfish" kūikawā i hana ʻia i ka spirulina maʻemaʻe a i ʻole spirulina i loaʻa ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.
I kēia manawa e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ke kamaʻilio a me ka noho ʻana o panaki i kahi aquarium. ʻAʻohe mea e kamaʻilio ai, ʻo ka iʻa maoli weliweli.
ʻO kāna manawa manuahi āpau e ʻimi ʻo ia i nā kihi a pau o ke aʻa o ka driftwood i hāʻawi ʻia iā ia, e luʻu ana i nā mea kanu i kekahi manawa. ʻAʻohe huhū intraspecific i loko o kahi aquarium kahi i nui ai nā snags a mahele ʻia nā mea āpau i nā ʻāpana. Akā inā ʻaʻole ma laila kēia mau ʻāpana, a laila nahu paha ka panak nui a hoʻāʻo e nahu i ka mea liʻiliʻi.
Pili paha kēia i ka moekolohe o ka iʻa a ʻaʻole maopopo ʻole, akā ua ʻike ʻia nā hanana like ʻole. ʻAʻole ʻāina nui loa. ʻO ka maximum e hiki ke manaʻo ʻia ke peku ʻia nei me ka waha i ka ʻaoʻao o kahi hoalauna o kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole hoihoi iki i ka iʻa, a ʻo ka iʻa, ma ke ʻano he kūlana, ʻaʻole hoihoi i nā hoalauna mai ke kolamu wai. ʻO ka spawning i nā aquarium, i koʻu ʻike, ʻaʻole i nānā ʻia.
E hoʻomaka kākou me ka morphology. E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, ʻo ka genus Panaque kahi 14 mau ʻano, ʻokoʻa e ka nohona, ka geometry a me ke ʻano o ke kino.
- L027, Panaque armbrusteri (L027, Tapajos Royal Pleco LDA077, Thunder Royal Pleco)
- L090, Panaque bathyphilus (Papa Panaque)
- ʻO Panaque cf. armbrusteri ʻaraguaia` (Rio Araguaia Royal Pleco, Teles Pires Royal Pleco)
- L027 Panaque cf. armbrusteri`tocantins` (Platinum Royal Pleco Tocantins Royal Pleco)
- L027, L027A Panaque cf. armbrusteri`xingu (Xingu Royal Pleco, Longnosed Royal Pleco, Red Fin Royal Pleco)
- ʻO Panaque cf. cochliodon "luna magdalena" (Colombian Blue Eyed Pleco)
- L330, Panaque cf. nigrolineatus (Watermelon Pleco)
- ʻO Panaque cochliodon (Blue Eyed Royal Pleco)
- L190, Panaque nigrolineatus (Schwarzlinien-Harnischwels)
- L203, Panaque schaeferi (LDA065, Titanic PlecoL203, Ucayali - Panaque (Kelemānia), Volkswagen Pleco)
- Panaque sp. (1)
- L191, Panaque sp. (L191, Dull Eyed Royal Pleco Broken Line Royal Pleco)
- ʻO Panaque suttonorum Schultz, 1944 (Venezuelan Blue Eye Panaque)
- L418, Panaque titan (Shampupa Royal Pleco Gold-trim Royal Pleco)
I mea e maʻalahi ai iā mākou e hoʻomaopopo, e puʻunaue wau i kēia mau mea he 14 i nā hui kūlana i hana ʻia mai nā ʻano like, a ma hope o ka wehewehe ʻana iā lākou, ʻaʻohe nīnau e pili ana i ko lākou ʻokoʻa.
ʻO ka hui mua - "striped panaki". Pākuʻi mākou:
- L027, Panaque armbrusteri (L027, Tapajos Royal Pleco LDA077, Thunder Royal Pleco)
- ʻO Panaque cf. armbrusteri`xingu (Xingu Royal Pleco, Longnosed Royal Pleco, Red Fin Royal Pleco)
- L190, Panaque nigrolineatus (Schwarzlinien-Harnischwels)
- L203, Panaque schaeferi (LDA065, Titanic PlecoL203, Ucayali - Panaque (Kelemānia), Volkswagen Pleco)
- L191, Panaque sp. (L191, Dull Eyed Royal Pleco Broken Line Royal Pleco)
- L418, Panaque titan (Shampupa Royal Pleco Gold-trim Royal Pleco)
ʻO ka hui ʻelua nā "kiko". Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:
- L090, Panaque bathyphilus (Papa Panaque)
- L330, Panaque cf. nigrolineatus (Watermelon Pleco)
- Panaque sp. (1)
ʻO ke kolu a, ʻo paha paha ka pūʻulu hoʻonanea loa ʻo "Panaki maka maka ʻulaʻula". No ke aha lākou i noho ai me ka helu ʻole i maopopo ʻole iaʻu, akā ke ʻike wau, ʻo ʻoe ka mua e ʻike e pili ana.
- ʻO Panaque cf. cochliodon "luna magdalena" (Colombian Blue Eyed Pleco)
- ʻO Panaque cochliodon (Blue Eyed Royal Pleco)
- ʻO Panaque suttonorum Schultz, 1944 (Venezuelan Blue Eye Panaque)
Me ka hoʻohālikelike a me kāna ʻōpala e hoʻomaopopo i ka hopena o ka hana. I kēia manawa e neʻe i ka mea paʻakikī loa iaʻu a me ka mea pono loa nāu. E noʻonoʻo pehea nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o Panaki i loko o nā hui kūlana aʻu i ʻike ai.
E hoʻomaka kāua i ka hopena. No laila,
"Panaki maka ʻulaʻula"
- ʻO Panaque cf. cochliodon "luna magdalena" (Colombian Blue Eyed Pleco)
- ʻO Panaque cochliodon (Blue Eyed Royal Pleco)
- ʻO Panaque suttonorum Schultz, 1944 (Venezuelan Blue Eye Panaque)
- ʻO Panaque cochliodon, a i ʻole ʻelua o kāna mau morphs, ʻo ia nā kamaʻāina ʻōiwi o Colombia, ʻo ia hoʻi, noho lākou ma nā wahi kiʻekiʻe o ka Río Magdalena (Rio Magdalena) a ʻoi aku ka pololei i ka Rio Cauca (Cauca River).
Akā ʻo Panaque cochliodon (Blue Eyed Royal Pleco) ua hoʻolaha aku i ka muliwai ʻo Rio Catatumbo (Ka muliwai ʻo Catatumbo). ʻOiai paha iaʻu, ʻo ka mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia paha ma kahi ʻē aʻe (mai Catatumbo a i Cauca)
He aha nā mea ʻokoʻa? Minamina, ʻaʻole maopopo leʻa i nā ʻokoʻa.
ʻO Panaque cf. cochliodon "luna magdalena" (Colombian Blue Eyed Pleco) ka helu 1 (mua) a ʻo Panaque cochliodon (Blue Eyed Royal Pleco) ka lua.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau, e like me ka inoa e hōʻike nei, he mau maka polū. Eia kekahi, he like ka nui o kēia mau iʻa iʻa ma kahi o 30 kenimika.
Loaʻa i nā fector pectoral nunui nā ʻōiwi i lawe ʻia mai ka ʻili. Pale kā lākou hana i nā kūpale a pono ʻia i hiki i ka iʻa lū ke hoʻomaopopo i kahi e hiki ai iā ia ke kolo a ma kahi hiki ʻole.
ʻAʻohe o lākou ʻike e pili ana i ka hoʻoholo kolohe. Akā e ʻimi makaʻu wau me ka makaʻu loa e ʻōlelo aku i ka mea kuhikuhi nui hiki ke lilo i mau kukuna o ka fin caudal, i ʻano "braids", ʻo ia hoʻi, ulu ikaika lākou ma mua o ke koena.
Aka, o ka mea a lakou i ulu nui ae ai, maopopo ole ia; E ʻaʻa wau e ʻōlelo i nā kāne (e ka hoʻohālikelike me ka cacti).
E hoʻi hou i ka ʻoihana. ʻO nā ʻokoʻa mua o ka ʻano mua mai ka lua e kuʻi ana ke ʻano o ke kino.
ʻO ka mea ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ka elongated, kahi e pili ana i ka noho ʻana i ke au wikiwiki.
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ʻelua ka ʻāpala o ka fin dorsal. Loaʻa iā lāua he 8, kahi hōʻailona o ke ʻano o Panaque, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna. I nā mea ʻelua, branched nā spines kokoke i ka hopena o ka fin.
ʻO nā lālā i waena ka lālā. No laila, i ka mua, hoʻomaka nā kukuna mai 3 a 6 i loko o ka bifurcate ma waena, ma ka lua kokoke i ka kolu o luna o ka fin. Eia nō naʻe, mai poina e pili ana i ka lua o ka fin dorsal, i hōʻike ʻia e kahi kuamoʻo ʻokoʻa.
I ka mua, aia kokoke ia i ka dorsal (fin dorsal) a me nā makahiki e pili pū me ia, e hana ana i hoʻokahi holoʻokoʻa. I ka lua, kokoke i ka hiʻu.
E like me kāu e ʻike ai, ʻaʻole maopopo ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o kēia mau iʻa, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia kēia ʻatikala, a inā wau e nānā i kahi mea ʻē aʻe, e hana maoli wau i nā hoʻoponopono.
Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hoʻopoina e pili ana iā Panaque suttonorum Schultz, 1944 (Venezuelan Blue Eye Panaque)? Aʻole iki. E hoʻomaka kākou.
Noho kēia holoholona hana nui i ka wai wikiwiki a lepo o ka Rio Negro a me kāna kahawai ʻo Rio Yasa (Yasa), a ma ke kahawai ʻo Maracaibo hoʻi. Ma ka laulā, ka haku o ka wai o Venezuela.
ʻO ka mea wale nō i ʻike ʻia, i koʻu manaʻo, he ʻokoʻa maoli mai nā ʻano i hōʻike mua ʻia he fin caudal ʻoi aku ka nui me ka nui o nā kukuna lālā, ʻo ka mea i waho loa o nā ʻano "braids".
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui - ke kahe o nā unahi. Inā i loko o nā hoa o ka wā ma mua he kala uliuli ko ka unahi, i loli me ka makahiki, a laila i kēia mea e emi ai nā unahi mai nā leo ʻeleʻele a i nā brown a me nā beige.
Inā ʻole, like ka ʻeha me ka ʻehaʻeha e like me nā mea ma mua, koe wale nō kekahi mau nuances liʻiliʻi i ka geometry o ke kino i maopopo ʻole me ka ʻole i mua o ʻoukou o kēlā me kēia ʻano ʻekolu.
Me "nā Maka Blue" maopopo leʻa ʻaʻohe mea maopopo. Neʻe aku -
"Manaʻo"
E ʻae ʻoe iaʻu e hoʻomanaʻo iā ʻoe i loko o kēia pūʻulu kūlana kūpono he 3 wale nō ʻano, ʻo ia hoʻi:
- L090, Panaque bathyphilus (Papa Panaque)
- L330, Panaque cf. (1)
L090, Panaque bathyphilus (Papa Panaque) ʻokoʻa radically mai ka hope, ʻaneʻane like loa. Noho kēia iʻa iʻa nui (a hiki i 40 cm) i Brazil, ma ka muliwai Amazon a me kāna mau kahawai ʻelua: Solimões River a me Purus River (hoʻonohonoho ma ka palapala ʻāina 3 ° 39'52 "S, 61 ° 28'53" W)
I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, i koʻu nānā ʻana i kēia iʻa iʻa no ka manawa mua, ʻo ka manaʻo wale nō e wili nei i loko o koʻu poʻo kahi mea e like me "ʻO kēia L600 fry? A i ʻole L025? "
Ua like kēia a hiki i koʻu nānā pono ʻana i ka maka, a laila maopopo leʻa ʻo Panak ia. ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi o kēia ʻano, i hoʻohui ʻia i ka like kupaianaha me ka cacti, ʻo ia nā ʻāpana o ke kino e ʻoluʻolu ʻole no nā Panaki āpau.
Liʻiliʻi ke poʻo, ʻikiʻī ke kino (i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o kēia genus) a ʻano like loa me ka ʻelele o ka genus Pseudacanthicus a me Acanthicus.
Akā ʻaʻole e pau nā mea like ma laila. Ma nā ʻaoʻao o kēia iʻa iʻa he nui nā lālani kakalaioa, ʻaʻole like ke ʻano o Panaki me ke ʻano o nā genera ʻelua i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna.
Ma ka laulaha, inā haʻi ʻia mai iaʻu he ʻano hoʻololi kēia ma waena o kēia mau ʻohana ʻelua, ʻaʻole e nīnau ʻia kēia ʻōlelo. ʻO ka cactus i ninini ʻia, ka mea lawa ʻole, hāʻule ʻo ia i lalo o ka muliwai a hoʻomaka e ʻūlū i nā lāʻau mai ka pōloli.
Eia nō naʻe, i ka hana a me nā ʻano ʻai, he Panaque maʻamau kēia. Ma ka laulā, ʻaʻole wau e hoʻohālikelike iā ia me Panaki ʻē aʻe. Ke ʻike nei i nā kākalaioa a me nā kūlike, e hoʻomaopopo koke ʻoe e kamaʻilio ana mākou e pili ana i ka Makua o Rod Panazhy.
I kēia manawa ua hele mākou i nā manaʻo like ʻelua, i huikau pinepine ʻole a ʻike ʻole i ka ʻokoʻa nui:
L330, Panaque cf. nigrolineatus (Watermelon Pleco) (ma hope e kapa ʻia ka mua)
Panaque sp. (1) (ma hope e kapa ʻia ka lua)
Ke kuhikuhi nei i kahi laha ke kānalua i waena o nā mea ʻelua e lilo i mea hiamoe no ka aquarist meticulous. ʻO ka mea wale nō aʻu e makemake ai e hoʻomaopopo he mea laha ʻole ʻo Panaque sp, a aia hoʻokahi wale nō ma ka Planet Catfish nona kēia iʻa iʻa, no laila he L330 paha kāu.
I ka ʻōpio, ʻoi aku ka ʻokoʻa o ka ʻike ʻia. I nā iʻa iʻa ʻelua, hoʻohālikelike ʻia ke kala e nā ʻano a puni a me nā ʻano oval me ka liʻiliʻi o nā kaha pigment ma ka ʻaoʻao luna o ke poʻo a me ke kino o ka iʻa.
Aia ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā ʻōpio i ka ʻoi o ka mua o ka nui o nā pōʻai o ke anawaena liʻiliʻi a puni ke kino, ʻo ka lua i ka liʻiliʻi o nā pōʻai, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o lākou.
He mau kaha liʻiliʻi ʻo L330 a puni nā maka, ʻoiai ʻo Panaque sp 1 ʻaʻole e loli i ke ʻano a puni nā maka; aia kekahi mau pōʻai nui, a ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ia wale nō, ʻo kēia kahi e pau ai nā ʻokoʻa no nā ʻōpio!
I nā iʻa makua, ʻo ka hōʻailona ka nui - ʻoi aku ka nui o ka 330th ma mua o ka lua. Me ka makahiki, nalowale kona kala a lilo i ʻano o ka panaka nui o ka hina ʻeleʻele a i ʻole ke kala ʻeleʻele, ʻoiai ka lua o nā iʻa iʻa e hoʻomau i ke kala like ʻole i kona ola.
A ʻo ka hopena, ʻo ka hui hope loa
"Panaki onionio"
- L027, Panaque armbrusteri (L027, Tapajos Royal Pleco LDA077, Thunder Royal Pleco)
- ʻO Panaque cf. (L191, Dull Eyed Royal Pleco Pepe Line Royal Pleco)
- L418, Panaque titan (Shampupa Royal Pleco Gold-trim Royal Pleco)
Loaʻa i kēia hui kūlana ka helu nui loa o nā laha. I mea e maʻalahi ai iā mākou e hoʻomaopopo, e hoʻolauna wau i 2 subgroups. ʻO kā mākou hana nui i kēia ʻatikala e aʻo pehea e hoʻokaʻawale ai i kahi hui mai kahi hui ʻē aʻe, a e paʻi ʻia nā wehewehe kikoʻī o kēlā me kēia ʻano i kekahi ʻatikala ʻē aʻe, inā ʻoe e kākoʻo i kēia J.
1) Loaʻa i ka hui mua ʻo Panaque armbrusteri a me kāna mau morph āpau (ma hope aku i kapa ʻia ʻo Panak Armbruster (inoa o ka morph, muliwai) a ʻo ka mea mua paha.
2) Aia i ka hui ʻelua nā "striped panaki" ʻē aʻe āpau a e kapa ʻia lākou ʻo "ke koena" a i ʻole "ka lua", akā ʻo nā mea nui, ma muli o ko lākou kaulana, ʻo L190 a me L191.
Pākuʻi ʻia ka hui mua:
- L027, Panaque armbrusteri (L027, Tapajos Royal Pleco LDA077, Thunder Royal Pleco)
- ʻO Panaque cf. armbrusteri`xingu (Xingu Royal Pleco, Longnosed Royal Pleco, Red Fin Royal Pleco)
Pūʻulu ʻelua komo pū:
- L190, Panaque nigrolineatus (Schwarzlinien-Harnischwels)
- L203, Panaque schaeferi (LDA065, Titanic PlecoL203, Ucayali - Panaque (Kelemānia), Volkswagen Pleco)
- L191, Panaque sp. (L191, Dull Eyed Royal Pleco Pepe Line Royal Pleco)
- L418, Panaque titan (Shampupa Royal Pleco Gold-trim Royal Pleco)
E hoʻomaka me ka papa mua. ʻO ka mea mua i hopu i kou maka, ke nānā nei i ka inoa, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻole o ka helu L027 no Armbruster ma Rio Araguaya. ʻAʻole maopopo iaʻu ka mea e pili ana i kēia, akā manaʻo wau e kala mai nā ʻepekema nui iaʻu inā hāʻawi wau i ka helu like iā ia.
Ma ke ʻano o ka geometry o ke kino a me ke ʻano fin, ua like loa kēia mau iʻa iʻa, aia nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e pili ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kino a ʻoi aku paha ke kiʻekiʻe o ke poʻo o ke poʻo, akā manaʻoʻiʻo iaʻu, ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i kēia, ke ʻole nā ʻehā ʻehā o ka iwakāluakūmāhiku e lana i mua o kou ihu A inā lākou e hana, a laila manaʻo wau ʻaʻole pono ʻoe i kaʻu ʻatikala.
E neʻe i kahi wehewehe ākea o ka laha. ʻO kēia mau morph a pau e pili ana i ka nui like (ulu a ma kahi o 40 mau kenimika), loaʻa ka lakio like o ka nui o ke poʻo nui i ke kino a me nā peʻa like, a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o kā lākou mau kukuna. ʻO ka mea wale nō e kōkua mai iā mākou e hoʻokaʻawale i waena o nā morphs ko lākou kala.
He ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa ia mai nā koena ʻelua i ka palai a me ke kau makua o ke ola, kahi kamaʻāina o ka wai wikiwiki o ka muliwai Araguia Panaque cf. armbrusteri ʻaraguaia` (Rio Araguaia Royal Pleco, Teles Pires Royal Pleco).
Uhi nā lālani lahilahi o ke kala melemele i kona kino holoʻokoʻa mai ke poʻo a i ka hiʻu, me ka ʻole o ke kahakaha. ʻEleʻele ke kala nui. ʻO ka lua dorsal fin, i hōʻike ʻia e ka hae no ka genus "hook" o ka 1 spine, kahi kokoke loa i ka fin dorsal nui a hana i kahi āpau me ia me ka makahiki.
Pono e mālama ʻia kēia iwi kuamoo me ka mahalo nui loa: ke hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kahi laha, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e haʻalele ʻole i kona koʻikoʻi. Mālama ʻo ia iā mākou i kēia manawa pū kekahi!
Eia ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o L027 mai Xingu (L027, L027А Panaque cf. armbrusteri`xingu (Xingu Royal Pleco, Longnosed Royal Pleco, Red Fin Royal Pleco) mai nā mea ʻē aʻe he iwakāluakūmāhiku!
I loko o ia mea, aia ka lua o ka lua dorsal loa ma kahi mamao loa mai ka dorsal, ʻo ia hoʻi, kokoke loa ia i ka fin caudal, ʻoiai ma Panaki No.
ʻIke maopopo, pili kēia i ka ʻoi aku ka nui o ka impetuous o ka wai o ka Xingu ma mua o ka wai o nā kahawai ʻē aʻe o ka Amazon, kahi e noho ai ka huina hui i hōʻike ʻia. A lawelawe kēia fin he ʻano stabilizer no ke kino ke neʻe i kēia au.
I kēia manawa ua loaʻa iā mākou me ʻoe nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka Panaque cf. armbrusteri ʻaraguaia` (Rio Araguaia Royal Pleco, Teles Pires Royal Pleco) and L027, L027А Panaque cf. armbrusteri`xingu (Xingu Royal Pleco, Longnosed Royal Pleco, Red Fin Royal Pleco).
He kala melemele kūikawā ko ka mea mua, aia ka lua i ka lua o ka dorsal fin mai kahi mea nui ma mua o ke koena (e manaʻoʻiʻo iaʻu, ʻike ʻia kēia).
Ke waiho nei ia e hoʻokaʻawale i ka L027 Panaque cf. armbrusteri`tocantins` (Platinum Royal Pleco Tocantins Royal Pleco) a me L027, Panaque armbrusteri (L027, Tapajos Royal Pleco LDA077, Thunder Royal Pleco)
ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o kahi kamaʻāina o Tocansis a me Tapayos i ka wā ʻōpio. ʻO ka mea mua i loko o ka palai, he ʻaneʻane ke kino holoʻokoʻa o kahi keʻokeʻo-ʻoliva-beige, kahi e loaʻa ai nā kaha kaha liʻiliʻi i kaha ʻia.
I ka manawa like, uhi paʻa ʻia kona ʻohana mai Tapayos me nā laina keʻokeʻo ma ke kino ʻeleʻele. Me ka makahiki, ʻano like ko lākou ʻano, akā ʻike ʻia nā pale ma ka huelo ma Tokansis, ʻoiai ma L027, Panaque armbrusteri (L027, Tapajos Royal Pleco LDA077, Thunder Royal Pleco), ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa ka wehewehe ʻana o nā kukuna o ka fin caudal i ka lōʻihi a me ka laulā. Lana ka manaʻo, me 27, holoi ʻia nā mea āpau ma ka liʻiliʻi.
A i kēia manawa koe no mākou e noʻonoʻo pehea ka ʻokoʻa o 190 mai 191, a 203 mai 418, a me kēia mau soms āpau mai ka pūʻulu 27 i hōʻike ʻia ma luna.
E hoʻomaka kākou:
- L190, Panaque nigrolineatus (Schwarzlinien-Harnischwels)
- L203, Panaque schaeferi (LDA065, Titanic PlecoL203, Ucayali - Panaque (Kelemānia), Volkswagen Pleco)
- L191, Panaque sp. (L191, Dull Eyed Royal Pleco Broken Line Royal Pleco)
- L418, Panaque titan (Shampupa Royal Pleco Gold-trim Royal Pleco)
ʻO nā mea maʻamau i ko mākou ʻāina ʻelua ʻano, i helu ʻia 191 a me 190, a e hoʻomaka mākou me lākou. I ka wā ʻōpio, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ke huikau iā lākou ma mua o ka ʻike ʻana iā lākou. 191 He huelo keʻokeʻo ko Panak, ʻoiai he huelo ʻeleʻele ko 190 a aia wale nō ma ka lihi kahi malu o ke aka; akā hiki ke keʻokeʻo, a laila pono ʻoe e nānā i ka wahi o ke keʻokeʻo.
ʻO ka mea i ka 191 hele ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo mai ke kihi a i ke kumu, a ʻeleʻele mau ka hoʻomaka o ka fin caudal, i ka 190 ʻo ia nō ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe. He keʻokeʻo ke kumu a ʻeleʻele ka maka.
ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona ka papale waihoʻoluʻu holoʻokoʻa o ka iʻa: inā ʻoi aku ka ʻeleʻele o 191 ma mua o ka mālamalama, a laila ʻo ka ʻohana ke kūlike loa.
E nānā pono i ke ʻano a puni nā maka lele. Inā ma 190 ka ʻoki pono ʻana i nā maka i ka maka me ka ʻole o ke keakea ʻole ʻia, a laila ma 191 aia, ma ke ʻano he kaulike, ʻaʻohe mau kaha a puni nā maka, a i ʻole e hele lākou a puni ia e hana ana i kahi mālamalama e pili pono ana i ka maka maka.
He mea pono nō hoʻi e nānā i nā kaha ma kahi o ka fin caudal: i ka makahiki 190, hui pū ʻia nā kaha a i ʻole hele ʻokoʻa, akā noho mau nā laina pololei a kokoke i nā kukuna o ka huelo, i ka makahiki 191.
Ke ulu ka iʻa, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o nā mea āpau. Ma nā makahiki 191 e mae iki ai a lilo i kiko, a i ʻole lilo ke kino i ʻāpana polū panazh ʻeleʻele, i ka makahiki 190 ke ʻike ʻia nā kahakaha ma ke ola holoʻokoʻa, a me nā makahiki ua liʻiliʻi lākou e ʻike ʻia.
ʻOi aku ka nui o ka huelo o ka 190, nele i kahi mau lālani o nā ʻūlū liʻiliʻi kokoke i ka huelo, ʻoiai ʻo kona ʻohana kēia mau ʻula.
A i ka hopena:
- L418, Panaque titan (Shampupa Royal Pleco Gold-trim Royal Pleco)
- L203, Panaque schaeferi (LDA065, Titanic PlecoL203, Ucayali - Panaque (Kelemānia), Volkswagen Pleco)
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui i ka iʻa mākua ka nui. No kekahi kumu, ulu wale kahi iʻa iʻa nona ka inoa haʻaheo ʻo Titan (418) a i ka 39cm, ʻo ia ke kiʻi haʻahaʻa loa ma waena o ka genus holoʻokoʻa, ʻo 203 e ulu ana a 60 kenimika.
I ka wā ʻōpio, ʻōpio ʻo Shaferi i nā pāpale caudal, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ka 418.
Ma hope aku, ʻike ʻia nā lula (ʻoi aku ka pololei o ka ʻōlelo ʻana e ulu lākou, ʻike ʻole ʻia nā kukuna ʻē aʻe), a lilo ka huelo i mea nui a pālahalaha, ʻoiai ʻo ka huelo o ka Titan e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka akahai.
ʻAʻohe ʻokoʻa i ke kala GAMMA, ʻano like nā hiʻohiʻona me ke ʻano ʻeha i ka wā ʻōpio a me ka ʻōpio. ʻO ka mea wale nō i nalowale ʻo 203 kona kala ʻokoʻa, a lilo ia i waihoʻoluʻu like (hiki ke ʻokoʻa ke kala mai ka hina hina a i ka beige pale).
ʻO Titanium, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē, ʻōmaʻomaʻo stern mau ia me kahi ʻano liʻiliʻi ma ka palena o nā pā i ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana haehae ʻeleʻele, he ʻumiʻumi paʻa ka ʻumiʻumi ma nā ʻaoʻao o nā ā.
Fuuh, ʻē, ua pau kaʻu moʻolelo. ʻO kēia wale nō kahi laʻana mua o kēia ʻatikala, e hoʻonui ʻia i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
E hoʻoponopono ia i nā pololei ʻole a hoʻolauna i nā wehewehe kikoʻī o nā laha a me kā lākou hoʻohālikelike. A hiki i kēlā manawa, inā he nīnau kāu, e nīnau iā lākou i nā arias e kau ai kēia ʻatikala.
A ʻo ka mea nui, inā makemake ʻoe iā ia, mai poina e haʻi i kāu poʻe hoaaloha e pili ana iā ia ma nā pūnaewele kaiaulu. Mahalo no kou nānā ʻana, a ʻike hou)
ʻO Alexander Novikov, luna hoʻomalu http://vk.com/club108594153 a http://vk.com/aquabiotopru
