Ma kahi o 25 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua wehe ʻia kahi māwae ma ka ʻāina ʻo Eurasia, a ua hānau ʻia ʻo Lake Baikal, ʻo ia ka hohonu a me ka mua o ka honua. Aia ka loko ma kahi kokoke i ke kūlanakauhale Lūkini ʻo Irkutsk, kekahi o nā kūlanakauhale nui loa ma Siberia, kahi e noho ai kahi hapalua miliona mau kānaka.
I kēia manawa, he loko wai maoli ʻo Lake Baikal a he kahua hoʻoilina honua UNESCO. Loaʻa iā ia ma kahi o 20% o ka wai piha piha o ka honua.
Kū hoʻokahi ka biocenosis o ka loko. ʻAʻole ʻoe e ʻike i ka hapa nui o nā lunamakaʻāinana i kahi ʻē aʻe.
A i kēia manawa i ka pāpāho he mau memo e kau ana kekahi pōʻino ma luna o ka loko, ma ke ʻano he limu weliweli Spirogyra, ka mea i noho ma mua o ka hapalua o ka wahi. Weliweli wale nā helu! Akā ʻo ia? Ua hoʻoholo mākou e hana i kahi noiʻi iki.
Ua hōʻike ʻia ma lalo nā ʻike a me nā hopena
- Mai ka 2007, ua hoʻomaka nā ʻepekema e hana noiʻi e pili ana i ka hāʻawi ʻana o Spirogyra ma Lake Baikal.
- Hōʻike ʻia ka nūhou e hoʻoweliweli ʻia ʻo Baikal me kahi pōpilikia kaiaola me ka pinepine o 1-2 mau manawa i ka makahiki, e hoʻomaka ana mai 2008.
- I ka makahiki 2010, ua kani nā bele kani e hōʻike ana i ka lehulehu i ka wehe hou ʻia ʻana o kahi mīkini pulp ma kahi kokoke i ka loko e alakaʻi ʻia ai i nā hopena pōʻino ma muli o ka phosphate a me nā hauota hoʻokuʻu.
- Mai ka 2012, ua ʻike ʻia nā noiʻi e pili ana i nā loli i kekahi mau wahi o ka loko i lalo o nā ʻano limu filamentous. Eia hou, ua neʻe ka pākēneka iā Spirogyra.
- I ka 2013, ma muli o ke kūpono ʻole, ua pani ʻia ka hale pulp, akā ʻaʻole kēia i hoʻonā i ka pilikia o ke kaolaolaola o ka loko.
- I ka 2016, ua ʻike nā ʻepekema i ka 516 ʻano o Spirogyra ma Lake Baikal.
- I ka makahiki like, ua hōʻike ka pāpāho e pili ana i ka hoʻohaumia o ka loko me ka wai hoʻonoe a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o nā limu ʻawahia.
- Ma 2017 a me 2018, mau ka nūhou o ka hana hou ʻana o ka pōʻino o Spirogyra.
I kēia manawa e pili ana i nā mea āpau i ka hoʻonohonoho. ʻO ka cellulose mill, ka mea, e like me ka lehulehu, i hāʻawi i ka hāʻawi nui loa i ka haumia o Lake Baikal, i hana kūleʻa ʻia mai ka waena waena o 1960. He paʻakikī a pono ʻole ke helu i ka nui o nā ʻōpala i hiki iā ia ke hoʻolei i loko o ka wai loko i kēia manawa. I kahi huaʻōlelo, nui. ʻO ka pilikia o ka wai hoʻowahāwahā, i piha i nā poʻo inoa, ua hala kekahi mau makahiki, akā ʻaʻole i ala kēlā ʻano. ʻO kahi kiko ʻē aʻe i hewa ai ka pāpāho e hoʻolei ʻia e nā moku. A hou ka nīnau - a ma mua o ko lākou kanu ʻana i ka lepo? ʻAʻole kekahi. No laila, ʻaʻole kēia ka nīnau, akā ʻo ka noʻonoʻo o nā mea ʻawahia a i ʻole nā mea ʻē aʻe?
I ka loaʻa ʻana iā Spirogyra i loko o ka hohonu anu o ka loko, ua kāpae ka poʻe kālaihonua i ka hoʻomehana ʻana ma ke ʻano he kumu i ka ulu pono ʻole o kēia ʻano.
Hōʻoia nā ʻepekema o ka Limnological Institute i ka mahele nui ʻana o ka limu ma nā wahi o ka haumia anthropogenic ikaika, ʻoiai ma nā wai maʻemaʻe e nānā ʻole ʻia ia.
E nānā i kahi kumu ʻē aʻe - kahi hōʻemi o ka pae wai
Wahi a nā ʻike noiʻi mai ka kenekulia 19, aia ma kahi o 330 mau kahawai nui a me nā mea hakakā liʻiliʻi i kahe ʻia i Baikal. ʻO ka muliwai nui ʻo Selenga. ʻO Angara kāna kahe nui. I kēia lā, ʻo ka helu o nā kahawai wai, e like me ka ʻike mua, ua hōʻemi ʻia e 50%. Inā ʻoe e hoʻohui ma aneʻi i ke kumu o ka evaporation maoli o ka wai ma lalo o ka mana o nā mahana kiʻekiʻe, loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hōʻemi makahiki o ka pae wai i ka loko.
A ʻo kahi hopena, ua puka mai kahi haʻilula maʻalahi loa, e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka kahe o ka wai kahe a me ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka nui o ka wai maʻemaʻe e alakaʻi ai i kahi maʻi nui o Lake Baikal me spirogyra, ka mea i loko o nā koina liʻiliʻi ka mea maʻamau, a ma ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe e alakaʻi i nā loli o ka loko biocenosis.
Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻaʻole nā limu filamentous ponoʻī e hoʻoweliweli i ke kaiapuni. ʻO ka pālākiō o ka palaho ʻana o nā puʻupuʻu holoi ʻia, kahi e hoʻolaha ai i nā mea ʻawahia e hoʻohiolo ana i nā kaolaola.
Ma muli o nā hopena o kā mākou noiʻi ʻana, ua hiki mākou i ka hopena ʻo ka pilikia o ka spirigora no Baikal ʻaʻole ia he mea hou, akā mālama ʻole ʻia. I kēia lā, ke nānā nei ke kaiāulu o ka honua i ka mālama ʻana i ka loko kū hoʻokahi, e pale ana i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā mea kanu uila hou, a e koi ana i ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā wahi hana wai. Minamina, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā papahana e waiho ana ma ke ʻano he paʻi paʻi ma nā waihona palekana, ʻaʻole ma ke ʻano he hana paʻa. Lana koʻu manaʻo e hoʻopili paha kā mākou ʻatikala i ke kūlana o kēia manawa a kōkua i nā mea hana i kā lākou hana e pale aku i ka hana ʻole o nā luna hoʻomaloka.
