He ʻāina ʻo Kelemania me kahi ʻoihana ulu maikaʻi a me ka mahiʻai. Mai kēia mau ʻaoʻao ʻelua ua hoʻokumu ʻia kāna mau pilikia kaiapuni nui. ʻO ka hopena ma ka kūlohelohe mai nā ʻoihana ʻenehana a me ka mahi ʻana o nā māla i 90% o ka ukana anthropogenic ma ka ʻōnaehana kaiaola.
Nā hiʻohiʻona ʻāina
ʻO Kelemania ka lua o ka heluna kanaka ma ʻEulopa. ʻO kona teritori a me ka pae o ka ʻike loea e ʻae i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hana ʻoihana paʻakikī, i waena o ia mau mea: kaʻa, ʻenekini mīkini, metallurgy, ʻoihana kemika. ʻOiai ke kuleana e pili ana i ka ʻenehana, kahi nui o nā ʻoihana e ʻike ʻole i ka hōʻiliʻili o nā mea ʻino i ka lewa.
Hoʻopau ka German pedantry ʻōiwi Kelemania i nā "mea i manaʻo ʻole ʻia" o nā mea ʻona i loko o ka lewa a i ʻole ka ninini ʻia ʻana o nā kemika ma ka honua. Loaʻa iā ia nā ʻōnaehana kānana pono āpau, ʻenehana ʻenehana a me nā hana kānāwai. No ka hōʻino ʻana i ke kūlohelohe, kau ʻia nā hoʻopaʻi koʻikoʻi, a hiki i ka hoʻokū ikaika ʻana o ka ʻoihana lawehala.
He ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa ko ka ʻāina ʻo Kelemania. Aia kekahi mau mauna mauna a pālahalaha hoʻi, nona nā kula. Hoʻohana ākea kēia mau wahi no ka mahiʻai. Hāʻawi pū kekahi mau hana ohi i ka lewa a me ka wai haumia.
Haumia hanalima
ʻOiai nā ʻenehana maikaʻi i hoʻohana ʻia i nā hale hana Kelemania, ʻaʻole hiki ke kāpae loa i ke komo ʻana o nā mea ʻino i ka lewa. ʻOiai i loko o nā ʻōnaehana paʻa-paʻa a me ka hana hou ʻana he nui, ke koe nei ka pākēneka o ka "exhaust", ʻoiai he liʻiliʻi. Hāʻawi ʻia i ke kiʻekiʻena kiʻekiʻe o nā hale hana a me nā hale hana, hana kēia iā ia iho e ka deterioration o ka ea haku mele ma luna o ka nui hanalima wahi.
Ma lalo o kekahi mau ʻano (ʻaʻohe makani, lā mālamalama, mahana wela maikaʻi), hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka uahi ma luna o nā kūlanakauhale Kelemania nui loa. He noe kēia, ʻo ia hoʻi nā huna liʻiliʻi o nā kinoea hoʻoluhi kaʻa, nā mea i hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai nā ʻoihana a me nā mea haumia ʻē aʻe. Hiki i ka smog hanalima ke hoʻololi i loko o ka smog photochemical ke hana nā mea constituent me kekahi i kekahi e hana i nā hui hou. ʻO kēia ʻano smog ka mea weliweli loa no nā kānaka, ke kumu o nā ʻano like ʻole o ke kino - ka puʻu ʻana, ka hanu ʻana, nā maka wai, a pēlā wale aku.
Ka hoʻohaumia ʻia e nā kemika mahiʻai
Hoʻohana nui ka mahiʻai hoʻomohala a Kelemania i nā pesticides. ʻO kēia huaʻōlelo e pili ana i nā mea like ʻole i hoʻolālā ʻia e hakakā i nā nāhelehele, nā lū, nā rodents, etc. Pale nā pesticides i ka mea kanu, ʻae i nā puke nui i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana o ka wahi e loaʻa, hoʻonui i ke kūpaʻa o nā hua i nā maʻi a hoʻolōʻihi i ka ola papa.
Hana pinepine ʻia ka pīpī pesticides ma luna o nā kahua e ka mokulele. I kēia hihia, ʻaʻole loaʻa nā kemika i nā mea kanu i mahi wale ʻia, akā i nā mea ulu wale, i nā kino wai. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia mea i ka lāʻau make a ka nui o nā kolo a me nā holoholona liʻiliʻi. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hopena i kahi hopena maikaʻi ʻole ma ke kaulahao meaʻai, ke kahi laʻana, ʻeha ka manu ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i kahi ʻūhini ʻawahia.
ʻO kekahi kumu hoʻohaumia ʻē aʻe i hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻole ʻia. I ke kaʻina o ka palau ʻana i ka ʻāina, piʻi ka nui o ka lepo i ka lewa, e kau ana ma nā lau o nā kumu lāʻau a me ka mauʻu. Hewa ʻole, hoʻopili kēia i ka hopena o ka pollination o nā pua, akā he mea nui wale kēia kūlana i nā ʻano kau maloʻo.
