He aha kā mākou e ʻike ai e pili ana i nā antelope? Ka wehewehe maʻamau: nā mea ola a nani o ka ʻohana bovid. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole pololei kēia. ʻO nā antelope kahi kiʻi hui o nā holoholona pepeiaohao.
Ma waena o lākou aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona i ka hiʻohiʻona o kekahi mau kuhi hewa mai nā canons i ʻae ʻia e ʻike ʻia: ke kaupaona, clumsy (bubal a i ʻole nā antelope bipi), e like me nā lio (antelope-saber-horned antelope), a me ke kino liʻiliʻi loa (dwarf).
A aia kekahi mau lunamakaʻāinana i kāohi i ko lākou helehelena, akā ua loaʻa kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona hou aʻe. O kahi laʻana, gazelle... Ma waena o nā hoahānau ʻē aʻe, kū aʻe ia ma ke ʻano he mānoanoa ma ka larynx, no ka mea i loaʻa iā ia ka inoa ʻelua antelope kao.
Pelapela kēia holoholona laha ʻole. No laila, i kēia manawa hiki ke loaʻa wale i kahi wahi liʻiliʻi o ka steppes Central Asia. A eia nō naʻe, kaumaha, hiki iā lākou ke haʻi iā wai iā ia gazelle, a me ka Buke Ulaula Lukia. E ʻike maikaʻi iā ia.
ʻO Dzeren kekahi o nā lālani laha loa o ka antelope
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
ʻO Dzeren i ke kiʻi e like loa me ka dia a i ʻole ka dia, aia wale nō i ke kumukānāwai paʻa loa. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona i loaʻa ma Transbaikalia na Peter Simon Pallas i ka makahiki 1777, ma hope o ka hui ʻana ma uka o ka muliwai ʻo Mangut, ua wehewehe ʻia no ka manawa mua. No laila maikaʻi ke kāhea ʻana iā ia Transbaikal gazelle.
Ke hōʻuluʻulu nei i ka ʻikepili ma nā ʻano, hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo i ka nui o ka mae ʻana ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 85 cm, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino mai ka piko o ka ihu a hiki i ka hiʻu a 150 cm, a ʻo ke kaumaha a 35 kg. ʻO kēia nā palena o ke kāne nui, ʻoiai ʻo ka wahine he 10 pākēneka haʻahaʻa ma nā kiko āpau. I ka hāʻule ʻana, ua lilo nā kāne i mea nui i ikaika, hiki i ko lākou kaumaha i 47 kg, a ke hopu nei nā wahine me kā lākou hōʻike mua o 35 kg.
Hiki wale i nā kāne ke kaena i nā kiwi. Hōʻike lākou i ka makahiki o 5 mau mahina i ke ʻano o nā puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi a laila ulu i loko o ko lākou ola. ʻO ka nui o ka nui he 30-32 knm. ʻO nā pepeiaohao me he lira lā me ke kūlou iki ʻana i hope a me loko.
Hoʻololi ke kala mai ka brownish i ke kumu i ka hina melemele ma ka luna. ʻO ka papa he 1/3 paheʻe, ma ke koena o ia mea he mānoanoa i ke ʻano o nā kualono. Mahalo iā lākou, ke nānā aku nā pepeiaohao e like me nā koʻokoʻo ribbed mana.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka gazela kahi ulu ma ka ʻāʻī e like me ka goiter, ʻo ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai ka holoholona he goiter antelope.
ʻOkoʻa ke kala o ka pale me ke kau. I ke kauwela - ke kala o ke kofe me ka waiū, i ka hoʻoilo e māmā a mānoanoa. Huli ka hulu i kahi huluhulu huluhulu nui. ʻOiai ʻokoʻa ka helehelena o ka holoholona, me he mea lā ʻoi aku ka nui a mānoanoa.
ʻO ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ke kino, me ka ʻōpū, nā wāwae a me ka ʻāʻī, keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao hope āpau (aniani) he māmā a volumous hoʻi, aia ka palena kiʻekiʻe ma luna o ka huelo. Wili iki ka lauoho i ka lehelehe a me ka pāpālina, a me he mea lā he ʻumiʻumi a ʻulaʻula paha.
A, ʻo ka mea hope loa, he kāleka kipa a me ka ʻokoʻa nui mai nā ʻohana ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka maʻa mau i nā antelope ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka ʻāʻī o ka ʻanela ke nānā aku iʻoi aku ka nui o ka mana a hoʻopuka i kahi ulu nui i mua i waenakonu, e like me ka goiter.
I ka wā o ke kāne male kāne, lawe kēia mānoanoa i ka malu hekili - hina ʻeleʻele me ka uliuli. Aia kekahi mau nuances hou i ka helehelena o nā gazela. Hoʻomoe ʻia ko lākou ihu i kahi ʻano S, loloa ko lākou mau pepeiao ʻaʻole poepoe, akā me nā ʻōkō ʻoi. ʻOi aku a like lākou me ka hare.
Nā ʻano
Gazela Tibet... Noho ia ma ka ʻākau komohana o Kina waena a hapa ma ka ʻākau hikina o India waena. Heʻuʻuku ka pūnaewele a pili kokoke i ka Himalayas a me Tibet. Kohu mea he aloha ʻo ia i nā kuahiwi. No laila, kū ia ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 5.5 km a ma luna. ʻO ka nui o nā nui - a i 105 cm ka lōʻihi, a 65 cm i ke kiʻekiʻe, a kaupaona ʻia a 16 kg.
Pōkole ka huelo, ma kahi o 10 cm. Ma ke kua he huluhulu hina hina hina, a ʻike maopopo ʻia i ke kauwela. Ma ke ʻano he hoʻonaninani ma luna o ka ʻōpala he mau kiko milky kona naʻau. ʻIke i ka hoʻolohe a me ka hihiʻo. ʻOi aku ka makemake o nā legume i meaʻai.
ʻO ka gazelle Tibet i ke kiʻi
ʻO Dzeren Przewalski... ʻO ka pili pili loa o ka hōʻike mua. Lohi, liʻiliʻi, me nā maka nunui a me nā pepeiao pepeiao pōkole. Noho wale ʻo Kina, ma ke komohana ʻākau o ka ʻāina. Ua ola kekahi mau lehulehu i kēia manawa, kahi e noho ai i nā wahi kaʻawale ʻelima a puni ka Lake Kukunor.
Mālama lākou i nā hui liʻiliʻi a 10 mau poʻo, a hoʻāʻo nā kāne e hele hoʻokahi. E kamaʻilio pū me kekahi me ka pākīkī ʻana a pōkole hoʻi. ʻO ka papaʻai he sedge a me nā mea kanu like ʻole, a ʻo nā kumulāʻau e like me astragalus. Kaʻana like lākou i ko lākou wahi noho me nā gazela Tibet, akā ʻaʻole hoʻokūkū.
ʻO gazelle Mongolian... ʻO ka laha paha ka nui loa. A ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o kona mau pepeiaohao a mānoanoa hoʻi ma mua o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. Ma waho aʻe o Mongolia, hiki ke loaʻa ma Kina a ma kekahi ʻāpana ma Lūkia, ʻoiai he mea nui loa ia i ko mākou ʻāina.
Ma mua o ke kanaha mau makahiki o ke kenekulia i hala, ua lehulehu loa ia ma Tuva, akā ma hope ua hōʻole ʻia kona heluna kanaka. Kekahi manawa hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kahi ʻāpana ʻokoʻa ʻO Altai gazelle... He hulu ʻeleʻele ko ka hope, kahi iwi poʻo ākea a ʻike ʻia ʻo nā molara nunui. Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻoi aku ka laulā o nā pepeiaohao.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
I ka manawa i loaʻa ai kēia mau mea ola i ka tundra steppes ma nā ʻāina ʻelua - ʻAmelika ʻĀkau a me Eurasia. Ma ka liʻiliʻi, e kamaʻilio ka mea i loaʻa e pili ana iā ia. Eia nō naʻe, ua hoʻoikaika ka mahana hoʻomehana iā lākou e neʻe, no laila ua pau lākou i ka steppes o ʻAsia. ʻO ke kaiapuni nui kahi pāpū maloʻo me nā laʻalā liʻiliʻi a me ka sodoma liʻiliʻi.
I ke kauwela, neʻe manuahi lākou i ko lākou mau wahi kamaʻāina. A i ka hoʻoilo, hoʻoikaika ka pōloli iā lākou e pili kokoke i nā kumu lāʻau. Holoholona ʻo Gazelle ʻoʻoleʻa loa a hoʻomanawanui. I ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai a me nā meaʻai, hiki iā lākou ke huakaʻi i kahi mamao loa.
Ma ke ʻano he poʻe nomad maoli, ʻaʻole lākou e noho ma kahi hoʻokahi no ʻelua mau lā a ʻoi paha. A he polokalamu paʻa loa lākou, hiki ke holo i nā wikiwiki a hiki i 80 km / h. Ke neʻe nei, haʻalele lākou ma mua o 200 mau kilomita i kēlā me kēia lā. Hana ʻo Antelope i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi. A no ka hoʻomaha ʻana, hoʻokaʻawale lākou i ka hapa lua o ke ao a me ka pō.
Hōʻiliʻili lākou i nā pūʻā nui a hiki i 3 tausani mau poʻo, a i loko o ia mau pūʻulu mālama lākou no kekahi mau mahina. Ke hiki i ka manawa no ke keiki ʻana a i ʻole ma mua o ka neʻe ʻana, hoʻopili ʻia nā kahu holoholona pākahi i kahi hanana nui a i 30-40 tausani.
He mea maʻamau ka ʻākoakoa e ʻākoakoa i nā pūʻā nui.
Mahalo ka neʻe ʻana o kahi hui antelope ma ʻō a ma ʻaneʻi. E like me kahi avalanche o ke one, kahili lākou i kahi kahawai e ola nei ma o nā steppes manuahi. He mea hilahila ʻole ke ʻike pinepine ʻia kēlā ʻano kilohi. I ka makahiki 2011, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kahi ʻāpana ma kahi o 214 tausani hectares i ka hikina o kahi mālama Daursky no kahi mālama.Ke awāwa ʻo Gazelle».
Aia ia ma nā steppe o ka moku ʻo Dauro-Mongolian. ʻO nā palena hema o kahi mālama e kūlike me ka palena o ka Mokuʻāina o ka Russian Federation. Aia nā holoholona laha ʻole a me nā mea kanu i hopena i ka Hema-Hikina Transbaikalia, ʻaʻohe wahi ʻē aʻe ma Lūkia.
He kuleana nui ia no ka mālama a me ka hoʻōla ʻana o nā kānaka he nui ma ke ʻano he ʻanoʻano. O kahi laʻana, anelope gazelle ma Rūsia, aia wale nō ia ma nā panalāʻau o kēia keʻena kapu a me kahi mālama Daursky e pili pū ana me ia. No laila, kāhea pinepine ʻia kā mākou holoholona daurian gazelle.
ʻAiʻai Pono
ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ka steppe ʻōiwi o ka gazelle i ka ʻano o nā meaʻai. Hiki i ke kau wale nō ke hana i ka ʻokoʻa. I ke kauwela, hānai lākou i ka mauʻu, nā mauʻu like ʻole, nā wana nahele a me nā mea kanu like ʻole (mauʻu, kulina, plantain).
ʻAʻole pono lākou e capricious, no laila hoʻohana ʻia nā mea kanu āpau i ke ala - ka mauʻu hulu, cinquefoil, tansy, hodgepodge a me ka awaawa awahia. Ma ke ala, he wormwood e hoʻomālamalama i nā mahina hoʻoilo. Ma kahi kokoke i ke anuanu, lilo ka mea kanu i mea momona a nui ka protein.
I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻohana ʻia nā lālā ʻōpio o nā kumulāʻau a me nā kumulāʻau. Ma muli o ka neʻe mau ʻana, ʻoiai ka nui o ka nui o nā holoholona i kū ʻole i kahi makaʻu i nā ʻū o nā steppes. He manawa ko lākou e ola ai ma mua o ke kāhea hou ʻana.
Inu iki nā Antelope, hiki iā lākou ke hana me ka ʻole o ka wai a ʻelua mau pule, ʻoluʻolu me ka makū i loaʻa mai nā mea kanu. A i ka hoʻoilo ʻai lākou i ka hau. I ka puna wale nō a me ke kauwela, ke ʻaʻohe hau hou a ʻaʻohe mauʻu mauʻu, pono lākou i ka wai hou.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Hana ʻia ke ʻano makua i ka makahiki 2-3. ʻIke nā kāne i ka hauʻoli o ka male ʻana ma mua o 3-4 mau makahiki, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahine. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ke ola nei nā gazela wahine ma kahi o 10 mau makahiki, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka noho ʻana o nā kāne - ma kahi o 6. Hoʻolilo lākou i ka ikaika i ka wā o ka rut, i hāʻule i ka manawa anuanu loa o ka makahiki - Kekemapa.
ʻO ka hapanui pinepine, nui a laila ʻaʻole hoʻomanawanui i ka hoʻoilo paʻakikī, a i ʻole make i nā niho o nā mea ʻino. No laila, hiki ke noʻonoʻo pono ʻia ʻo nā gazela kāne nā holoholona polygamous. Hoaʻa lākou i ka manawa e lawe i nā mea āpau mai ke ola. Hoʻopuni nā kāne ʻike a mākaukau loa iā lākou iho me kahi harem o 20-30 mau hoa wahine.
ʻO kiʻi ʻia he anelope pēpē gazelle
Hiki i kā lākou helu ke loli, haʻalele kekahi, hele mai kekahi. E hoʻomau i ka genus, hoʻāʻo ka pipi i kēlā me kēia makahiki i kona wahi kahiko. Ma hope o ka momona, hānau nā wahine i nā keiki a ʻo 190 mau lā. Hana pinepine ʻia ke keiki ʻana i ka hopena o Mei a i ʻole Iune mua. Hānau ʻia hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha mau keiki hipa.
No kahi haukapila makuahine, kahi wahi ma nā ʻohe a me ka mauʻu mānoanoa i nānā mua ʻia. Kaupaona nā pēpē ma kahi o 3.5-4 kg. Kū aʻe lākou i ko lākou mau wāwae i hoʻokahi hola, akā ʻaʻole lākou e wikiwiki e holo - no nā lā mua i peʻe ai lākou i ka mauʻu nui. ʻAi iki ka makuahine i ka ʻaoʻao, e hoʻāʻo nei ʻaʻole e ʻumeʻume i ka manaʻo o nā mea ʻino i nā pēpē.
ʻO ka maʻamau, kū i luna nā pēpē i ke kiʻekiʻe i ka wā o ka hānai ʻana. Inā kū ka hoʻouka o nā holoholona i kēia manawa, holo nā keiki ma hope o ko lākou makuahine a hūnā lākou i ka mauʻu. Hoʻomaka ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo e nau hou ma hope o ka pule mua, akā mau ka ʻai waiū i nā mahina 5. I ka ʻōlelo o ka wikiwiki, ʻaʻole hiki i nā predator ke hoʻohālikelike me lākou.
Akā ʻo ke gazela nāwaliwali a hipa paha he waiwai pio maikaʻi loa ia a he holoholona maʻalahi hoʻi na ka ʻīlio hae, ʻalopeke, a manu nui paha o nā mea pio. Akā ʻo ka mea ola weliweli loa no kēia mau mea, ʻo ia nō, ke kāne. Ka helu o nā ʻaanela ua emi iho ka pōʻino i ka wā o ke Kaua Honua ʻelua, ke hoʻolako ʻia kā lākou ʻiʻo no ka pono o ka pūʻali koa.
A i nā makahiki he ʻumi aʻe e pōloli ana nā gazelles ma Transbaikalia, Ua luku hewa ʻole ʻia ʻo Altai lāua ʻo Tuva. ʻOiaʻiʻo, pēlā i pau ai i ka Red Book. ʻO kēlā kūlana i Rūsia e koi ana i ka makaʻu ʻole, hoʻonui i ka pale ʻana mai ka lawaiʻa ʻana a me nā hoʻolaha luhi ʻole i waena o ka lehulehu.
