I kekahi manawa hana ʻia ʻaʻole kūlike ka inoa me ka helehelena a i ʻole ke ʻano o ka holoholona. Ma ka Hikina hikina o Rūsia, ma nā kihi mamao loa o ka spriga-fir taiga, ola kahi manu ʻaukā, a i ʻole ke kahakaha hazel ʻeleʻele. Kapa ka poʻe ʻimi ʻimi iā ia ʻo "hazel grouse haʻahaʻa" no ka mea ʻaʻole makaʻu loa kēia manu i ka poʻe a noho mau i ka hihia inā pilikia.
Hiki iā ia ke hoʻokau iā ia i ka mea hahai holoholona i ka lōʻihi o ka lima, a ua hoʻokele kekahi iā ia. ʻAʻole kūlike ia ʻano gullibility o ka manu i kona inoa, a he paʻakikī e wehewehe aku. Me he mea lā, ua puka ka hewa. Kahi e noho ai ka manu kupaianaha grouse, he aha ke ʻano a me kāna hana, e hoʻāʻo mākou e ʻike.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
ʻO ka mea i ʻike i kahi grouse grouse a i ʻole kahi grouse ʻeleʻele hiki ke noʻonoʻo maʻalahi i kahi grouse hihiu. ʻO ia kahi kahakaha hazel, hoʻokahi wale nō a me ka hapalua manawa ka nui, a i kona kala ʻeleʻele e like ia me ka capercaillie. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka pili kokoke loa e ʻike iā ia, ʻo ka nui o kāu e ʻike ai: ʻo nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o kēia manu a me kona mau hoahānau ma mua o nā like. Akā pili kēia i ka nohona o ka kamaʻāina o Far Hikina.
Hiki ke kaumaha o ka manu mai 400 a 750 g, a ʻo ke kino ma kahi o 40-45 cm ka lōʻihi o ke kino, liʻiliʻi ke poʻo, hoʻolōʻihi a ʻāʻī ka ʻāʻī, pōkole a ʻoi hoʻi ka nuku. ʻO ka huelo, mai ka 10 a 13 cm ka nui, hāpai kiʻekiʻe ʻia i luna a hoʻopau i kahi triangle ʻoi. I nā kāne, loaʻa i nā wēlau o nā ʻēheu ke ʻano o ke kāpae ʻoi.
Ma waho, he like loa ka Siberian Grouse me ka grouse wahie
ʻO ka grouse kāne ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, ʻaneʻane ʻeleʻele. ʻIke ʻia ka lūlū ʻana o nā kiko keʻokeʻo ma ka lalo o ke kino a ma nā piko o ka hulu o ka huelo. ʻO ke poʻo ma ka ʻāʻī a me ka ʻāʻī he lanahu me ka palena brownish a puni ka lihi. ʻO nā kuʻemaka ʻulaʻula lush, kahi kola i hāpai ʻia a me nā hulu fluffy ma ka ʻāʻī e hōʻike i ka makemake o ke kāne i ka pili aloha male. Hōʻike haʻaheo ka moa i kāna wahine i kona ʻaʻahu mare.
Wahine grouse i loko o ka kiʻi ʻoi aku ke akahai. Ua ʻaʻahu ʻia ʻo ia i nā hulu kala ʻoluʻolu, i nā wahi i uhi iki ʻia me kahi ʻano kalina. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka brownish openwork pattern e hoʻonaninani iā lākou. ʻAʻohe kuʻemaka ʻulaʻula, ʻaole poʻo poʻo. Ke akahai a me ka hanohano ponoʻī.
Nā ʻano
Hoʻohui ka genus o Siberian Grouse i ʻekolu mau ʻano, like loa i ke kala, ka nui a me ka nohona: ʻo ka Asian Siberian Grouse (maʻamau), i loaʻa wale ma Rūsia ma ka Hikina hikina, a me kona mau ʻohana ʻelua e noho ana ma ka ʻāina ʻAmelika. grousan Kanaka a kuahiwi.
- Kanaka ʻo ka lunamakaʻāinana, e like me ka maopopo, noho i ʻAmelika Hema. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kona nui ma mua o ka maʻamau - ma kahi o 35 cm ka lōʻihi, ʻo ke kaumaha mai 450 a 600 g. He lōʻihi kona huelo a me nā ʻeheu, ʻaʻole hulu keʻokeʻo nā hulu ʻapela, akā ʻeleʻele.
ʻO kona ʻōpū a me kona kino o lalo e kāhiko ʻia hoʻi me nā kaha keʻokeʻo ma ke kahua kokoleka, akā naʻe, ʻaʻohe o lākou ʻano "puʻuwai" e like me kā mākou grouse. Māhele ʻia ka ʻeleʻele ma ka umauma o nā moa e ka ʻāpana intermittent i nā ʻāpana luna a me lalo. A ʻo kāna peʻa ʻēheu ʻaʻole koi e like me ko ka Far East Siberian Grouse.
ʻO nā ʻano ʻekolu o ka genus, ʻo ka Kanada ka mea maʻamau. Loaʻa ia ma Kanada mai ka Moana ʻAkelanika a i ka Pākīpika, kahi e ulu ai nā conifers.
- ʻAuhau mauna ola wale nō i nā ululāʻau coniferous o ka ʻōnaehana mauna Koridilyer. Ua like loa ia me ka mea Kanada, ʻoiai i kekahi manawa ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia nā mea kōkua. He ʻokoʻa wale nō ia i nā kikoʻī o ka pena a me ka lele kūikawā i kēia au.
Lele kūlou ke kāne, noho ma luna o kahi lālā nui, lawe i kahi moena a moe iā ia no kekahi manawa. Ke lele, lele ia, lele ma kahi o 20 m. I ka manawa like, hana nā ʻeheu i ʻelua mau paʻipaʻi nui, a ʻo kekahi hou aʻe i ka manawa o ka pae. Noho lākou i kahi lōʻihi ma mua o nā ʻohana ʻē aʻe, ma kahi o 12-13 mau makahiki.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
Manu ʻāhiu Lūkia wale nō, endemik i ko mākou ʻāina nui. Kaulana kēia manu e nā kamaʻāina o ka moku Amur a me nā kapakai o ke kai ʻo Okhotsk, me ka mokupuni ʻo Sakhalin. ʻAʻohe ona wahi hoʻomau; ma ka palapala ʻāina, ʻo kona wahi hāʻawi e like me nā wahi kaʻawale i hoʻopuehu ʻia i waena o nā ululāʻau spruce.
ʻO nā kūlana ʻoluʻolu loa no ka ʻaila ʻo ia nā wahi ulu nui o ka taiga me nā talus pōhaku. Ma muli o kona ʻalo i nā koena pōhaku a me nā pōhaku, ua kapa ʻia kēia manu he grouse hazel pōhaku.
Maʻa ka manu i ka mehameha, neʻe iki, kokoke hāmau. ʻIke ʻo ia i kāna hoʻopakele i ka hiki ke hūnā, ʻaʻole e holo ʻē. Hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e peʻe iʻole e ʻike a lohe kekahi. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ikaika i kekahi wahi. Hoʻolālā ʻo ia i ka hapa nui o kona manawa ma kahi kumulāʻau, e iho ana i ka honua i ke ahiahi wale e hūnā no ka pō.
Makemake ʻo Grouse e hoʻolilo manawa i nā mānoanoa
Hele mālie lākou, ʻo ka hapa nui i ka wāwae, e hoʻāʻo nei ʻaʻole e lele i luna, ʻoiai i nā hihia koʻikoʻi. Hiki iā lākou ke noho me ka neʻe ʻole no ka manawa lōʻihi, lele lele a ma kahi mamao - a 20-30 m. ʻO Dikusha i ka lele lohe ʻia e ke ʻano o ka ʻēhiu o nā ʻeheu e pili pū me ia.
Ma kahi kokoke i ka hoʻoilo, hōʻuluʻulu nā manu i nā pua o 15-20 poʻo. Malia paha e ʻike wau i ke anuanu ʻawaʻawa. Eia nō naʻe, hoʻāʻo lākou e kamaʻilio ʻole me kekahi a ʻaʻole ʻai pū pū.
ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona o ka manu ʻo ia i ka hoʻoilo e mālama hilinaʻi ia i nā ululāʻau coniferous wale nō, a i ke kauwela hiki ke ʻike pinepine ʻia i nā lāʻau larch. I ka hoʻoilo, hana lākou i nā keʻena liʻiliʻi i ka hau, kahi e peʻe ai no ka pō. ʻO ka pinepine, ke lilo o kahi infusion i mea make no lākou. ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke haki i ka pahu hau a hūnā i ka hau hau.
A laila paʻa nā manu a i ʻole hāʻule i loko o nā niho o nā mea ʻino. Mai ka ʻeli ʻana i ka hau a hiki i ka hopena o ka hoʻoilo, holoi ʻia nā hulu ma ko lākou mau ʻēheu. ʻĀnō, ʻeli mua ka manu i ka hau me kona mau wāwae, a laila hele a hohonu i ka lua, hoʻolei iā ia me kona mau ʻeheu. Inā mahana ka hoʻoilo, ʻaʻole burrow ka Siberian grouse i loko o ka hau i ʻole e pulu nā hulu.
Meaʻai kūpono
ʻAi ʻokoʻa ka manu hermit. I ka hoʻoilo, ʻai wale ʻo ia i nā nila o nā kumulāʻau a me nā firs, ʻako i nā lālā me kona nuku. Nui nā meaʻai, ʻaʻole pono nā manu e neʻe nui e ʻimi iā ia. Noho lākou ma nā lālā a ʻai mālie i nā nila. ʻAi ka spruce ma kahi o 150 g o ka meaʻai wikamina resinous i kēlā me kēia lā.
ʻAʻole lōʻihi ka haki ʻana o ka meaʻai, ma kahi o ka hapalua hola o ka moe. A i ke awakea awakea, lele ia mai ka lāʻau, kanu iā ia iho i ka hau a i ʻole nā lau hāmau i hina a hiki i ka wanaʻao. I ke kakahiaka, lawe hou ʻo ia i kāna leʻaleʻa punahele - ka omo o nā nila. I ke kauwela, ʻoi aku ka nui o kāna papa kuhikuhi. Hoʻopili pū ʻia me nā hua, nā hua mai nā poloka lumos, nā lau lūlū, a me kekahi mau mea kolo.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Hiki i nā moa ke hānau keiki i ka makahiki ʻelua o ke ola. Ua oʻo wale nā kāne i ka makahiki ʻekolu. I ka wā o ka moena, ʻo Mei ia, maʻamau ka pīhoihoi o nā wahine taiga hāmau. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻohe o lākou hoʻokūkū o nā moa āpau i loko o nā ʻaʻa hazel āpau.
I ke kiʻi, nā ʻōkuʻu grouse
Koho ke kāne kāne i kahi ākea no ka moena ʻana, noho ma luna ona a lawe i nā kūlana male. Nānā piha ʻo ia i ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa, e like me ka lele ʻana i luna, kahi uē iki e like me ke kani o ka makani i loko o kahi paipu, ka pīpī ʻana i kona mau ʻeheu, a me ka paʻi ʻana i kona mau wāwae. Paipai ʻo Cockerel i kāna ipo wahine e ʻike i kona akamai, mākaukau a akamai hoʻi.
Akā ka makani ʻo Siberian grouse wahine he makani, e like me nā moa. ʻAʻohe o lākou paʻa paʻa. I ka lā ma hope o ka male ʻana me kahi kāne kāne, hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi aku i kekahi inā ke aloha ʻo ia iā ia iho ma kahi kokoke. A hiki i ke kāne liu ke koho i kekahi wahine nāna.
I ka pūnana aia he 7-12 mau hua o ka malu brownish-ʻōmaʻomaʻo me nā kiko. ʻO ka nui o kēlā me kēia hōʻike e like me 48x32 mm. Aia mau ka masonry ma kahi mehameha, i nā mānoanoa. Noho ka wahine i loko ona me ka neʻe ʻole, e nānā ana i kāna kumu ola nui - e noho ʻike ʻole ʻia. Kūpono ka hoʻoulu ʻana ma kahi o 23-26 mau lā. Kū pololei ka pūnana ponoʻī ma kahi kaumaha i ka honua, hana ʻia i nā lālā liʻiliʻi, nā nila kahiko a me nā hulu.
Ma hope o ka hatch, maloʻo ʻole, ʻo nā moa grouse e like me nā pōpō liʻiliʻi, melemele kekahi ʻaoʻao a ʻeleʻele kekahi. I ka lua o ka lā e holo wikiwiki lākou, a i ka hā o ka lā neʻe lākou i nā lālā.
ʻAʻole komo ke kāne i ka hatching a hānai ʻana i nā pēpē. ʻO kāna hana wale nō ke kokoke a hoʻomaopopo i ka pilikia i ka manawa. Ke hoʻomaka nei ka makuahine me kāna mau keiki e huakaʻi a puni kahi wahi liʻiliʻi o ka home.
Hilahila nā Chicks i ka wā mua, akā i ka wā e nui ai lākou, loaʻa iā lākou ka palaka loa o kēlā "trademark" i nā mea āpau e pili ana iā lākou. ʻO ko lākou ola, e like me nā ʻauʻau hazel he nui, ma kahi o 8-10 mau makahiki. Eia nō naʻe, he kakaikahi ka poʻe e ola i kēia au ma muli o ka hoʻouka kaua a nā mea ʻaihue a me nā maʻi.
Mālama a me ka mālama ʻana
Ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei e hoʻohua manu i ka pio. Ma ka Zoo ʻo Moscow, kahi ʻāina kūikawā "haukapila makuahine" i hoʻokumu ʻia no ia mau malihini kipa, e like me ke kūlanakauhale ponoʻī. Ma laila, hoʻokahi wale nō, i nā kūlana kokoke i ka nāhelehele, hiki i nā manu a me nā holoholona ke hānau.
Aia kahi lumi no kekahi mau pā o Far Easters. Ma waho aʻe o ka mea ʻo Moscow, ua hana nā zoo a me nā mālama ʻē aʻe i ka hoʻoulu manu manu ʻole - Sikhote-Alinsky, Komsomolsky, Zeisky, Bureinsky, Dzhungursky, Paranaysky, a me Tundrovy a me Severny ma ka mokupuni ʻo Sakhalin.
ʻO kahi laʻana, ma ka Zoo Novosibirsk, ua hoʻokō ʻia kēia hana mai ka makahiki 1986, a he nui nā moa i hānai ʻia. Ma o 2008, ua ʻae ʻia kēia hanana e pili ana i 100 mau kānaka e hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka nahelehele ma ke ʻano he hoʻokolohua. Ua alakaʻi kēia i ka puka ʻana o kahi poʻe liʻiliʻi ma ka moku ʻo Novosibirsk.
ʻO ka neʻe ʻole o ka manu a me kahi ʻano wiwo ʻole e makemake ʻia ai ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻonaninani a me kekahi mau zoo pilikino. Hele maʻalahi ʻo ia me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe o ka hale manu. ʻO ke kūlana nui e hoʻokō ʻia e hana i kahi wahi mehameha kahi e hiki ai iā ia ke peʻe.
ʻO ke kūpono, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaka i kēia manu i nā pālua, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma kahi pūnaewele e waiho ana i kahi nahele coniferous. A laila hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā kūlana e like me ka maʻamau. ʻAʻole makemake ʻia e hoʻopilikia i ke ola o kahi kamaʻāina taiga, ʻo ka mea nui ma aneʻi ka nānā a me nā loiloi wā no nā parasites a me ke olakino. Maʻalahi kā lākou meaʻai, pono e hoʻohui ʻia ka wai e pono ai. Inā ākea ka pā a ulu nā kumu lāʻau ma laila, e hoʻolako nā manu no lākou iho.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
ʻO ke kumumanaʻo o "peʻe, ʻike ʻole ʻia" huli kūʻē i ka Siberian Grouse. Nui kona mau ʻenemi i ke kūlohelohe, akā ua lilo ka sable a me ke kāne i mea make nona. He paʻakikī i ka holoholona e pāpā i ka alualu ʻana i ka ʻaʻa hazel haʻahaʻa. Akā pāpā ʻia ke kānāwai i ke kanaka e ʻimi iā ia. Eia nō naʻe, pehea e mālama ai i ka poʻe me ka naʻau ʻole i ka taiga hihiu?
Hiki ke manaʻo ʻia ka ʻenemi nui o ke kahakaha he kanaka
A pēlā nō i kū ai ka manu koli i ka luku o ka luku loa, a i kēia manawa ʻO Grouse i ka puke ʻulaʻula Ua loaʻa iā Lūkia kahi palapala noho mau. Ma waho aʻe o ka poʻe lawaiʻa, ua hoʻohuli ikaika ʻia ka helu e nā ahi a me nā ululāʻau. ʻIke ʻia aia wale nō i nā mālama mālama hiki ke pale ʻia nā manu ʻeleu.
ʻIkepili Hoihoi
- Hoao nā poʻe ʻimi kūloko o ka Hikina Hikina e pepehi ʻole i kēia manu, i ka hui ʻana me ia i ka mua o ka huli. ʻAʻole hele mai kēia mai kahi ʻano ʻoluʻolu i ka manu ponoʻī, akā ʻo ka hopena o ka mālama ʻana i ka mea huakaʻi e hiki mai ana, nāwaliwali paha a pololi paha. He mea kōkua kēlā ʻano i ke kanaka nāwaliwali, he mea maʻalahi wale ia. ʻAʻole ia no ka mea ʻole i kapa ʻia ka manu ʻo "ka ʻaina kakahiaka a ka mea hahai holoholona".
- Alualu lākou i ka grouse Siberian no ka pono o kahi trophy, ʻoiai ʻawaʻawa loa kaʻiʻo. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, ʻai ʻo ia i nā nila kui i kona ola a pau.
- I loko nō naʻe o ka loaʻa o ka manu, ʻaʻole maʻalahi e hālāwai me ia. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike a hoʻokokoke aku iā ia ma ke kū wale ʻana i loko o ka nahele. ʻAʻole hiki i nā hulina kūikawā ke alakaʻi i kekahi mea. Maikaʻi loa ʻo ia i ka camouflaging.
