Hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe he nui i ka laina o kahi mele kaulana mai ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni "Man Amphibian Man": "I kēia manawa makemake au i ka diabolō kai ...". Akā ʻike anei nā mea āpau he aha ia mea - he diabolō kai, ʻokoʻa ka mea nunui, i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo? Eia nō naʻe, aia kahi holoholona, ʻo ia manta ray... Ua piʻi ka nui o kēia moʻo i 9 mau mika i ka laulā, a he 3 tone kona kaumaha.
Ma ka ʻōlelo ʻana, mahalo loa ka maka. ʻO ka mea kupaianaha loa e pili ana i ka iʻa. ʻOi aku ka pololei - ka papa o nā iʻa cartilaginous, ke ʻano o ka huelo, ka ʻohana kukuna ʻohana, ka ʻano manty. Maʻalahi loa e wehewehe i ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai "manta". ʻOiaʻiʻo, mai ka huaʻōlelo Latina "mantium", ʻo ia hoʻi "mantle, veil." ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua like kēia holoholona ʻano ʻē me he kapa nui e "kau" ana i ke kolamu wai.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Inā he luʻu ʻoe, a ʻike ʻoe i kahi stingray e lele ana mai ka hohonu o ke kai, me he mea lā he lupe nui ʻoe ma ke ʻano o ke daimana. ʻO kāna peʻa pectoral, me ke poʻo, hana i kahi ʻano mokulele o ke ʻano i ʻōlelo ʻia aʻe nei, ʻoi aku i ka ʻelua mau lōʻihi i ka ākea ma mua o ka lōʻihi.
Nā nui o ke aniani Manta hoʻoholo ʻia e ka lōʻihi o nā "ʻēheu", ʻo ia hoʻi, ka mamao mai nā piko o nā fin i waena o lākou iho, a me ka nui o ka holoholona. Ua manaʻo ʻia ko mākou meʻe he pilikua kai, ʻo ia ka stingray nui loa i ʻike ʻia.
ʻO nā kukuna Manta nā ʻano nui o nā kukuna nui loa, hiki i ko lākou kaumaha i ʻelua tone
ʻO nā mea maʻamau ka poʻe i kapa ʻia he mau kānaka kaulike, a hiki i nā mika i 4.5 m, a ʻo ka nui ma kahi o 1.5-2 ton. Akā aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona nunui, aia lākou i kahi mamao ma waena o nā wēlau o nā peʻa a ʻo ko lākou kino kaumaha ʻelua mau manawa ka nui.
ʻO ke poʻo poʻo o nā fector pectoral ke nānā aku e like me nā ʻāpana kūʻokoʻa o ke kino. Akā, ma ke ʻano he palaka. Aia lākou i ka waha o ka holoholona, a like me nā pā pālahalaha lōʻihi, ʻo ko lākou lōʻihi ʻelua manawa ka laulā ma ke kumu. ʻO ka maʻamau maʻamau, e ʻolokaʻa iā lākou e nā mantas i kahi wili, e hana ana i kahi ʻano o "pepeiaohao".
Maliʻa paha, na lākou nō i hāpai ka manaʻo e kapa i kēia mea ola "ka diabolō". Eia naʻe, ʻaʻohe mea hewa o nā poʻo poʻo. He hana kūikawā kā lākou - e hānai i ka meaʻai i ka waha. Pākuʻi lākou i ka holo o ka wai me ka plankton i ka waha hāmama. ʻO ka waha o nā kukuna manta ākea loa, ma kahi o kahi mika i ke anawaena, aia ma ke alo o ke poʻo, ʻaʻole ma lalo.
ʻO Stingrays, e like me nā ʻano holoholona holoholona hohonu hohonu, i loaʻa squirt... ʻO kēia nā puka hā o ka maka ma hope o nā maka. E lawelawe no ka omo a me ka kānana kānana o ka wai i hāʻawi ʻia i nā gills. Ma laila ka oxygen e pono ai no ka hanu ʻana e "huki ʻia" mai ia. Inā omo ʻia ka wai e ka waha, nui nā impurities e komo i ka ʻōnaehana hanu.
I loko o kā mākou kukuna manta, aia kēia mau heʻe me nā maka ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo, ʻaʻole like me nā kukuna ʻē aʻe. ʻO kēlā mau mea ma ko lākou kua. Aia nā ʻūlū i loko o ka nui o ʻelima mau hui ma lalo o ke poʻo. Hoʻokahi wale nā ā lalo i lalo nā niho.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka huelo o kahi mea kai e like paha me ka lōʻihi o ke kino. He fin liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe ma ke kumu o kona huelo. Akā ʻo ka iwi kuamoo ma ka huelo, e like me nā stingray ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻohe i loko o nā kukuna manta. Kūleʻa ka waihoʻoluʻu o ke kino no nā poʻe wai - ʻo ka ʻaoʻao i luna ʻeleʻele, ʻaneʻane ʻeleʻele, ʻo ka mea haʻahaʻa he keʻokeʻo hau me kahi ʻāhinahina hina a puni ke anapuni
He hūnā hewa kēia, he harlequin ʻaoʻao ʻelua. Nānā ʻoe mai luna - hoʻohui me ka kolamu wai ʻeleʻele, ke nānā ʻoe mai lalo mai ua blurr ku e i ke kua malamalama. Ma ka hope aia kekahi hiʻohiʻona keʻokeʻo i ke ʻano o ka lou i huli i ke poʻo. Kuhi ʻia ka lua waha i ka hina ʻeleʻele a i ʻole ʻeleʻele.
I ke ʻano, he keʻokeʻo ʻelua (albino), a pau loa ʻeleʻele manta ʻeleʻele (melanist). ʻO ka hope he mau kiko keʻokeʻo wale nō ka hau ma lalo (ventral) ʻaoʻao o ke kino. Ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ke kino (kāhea ʻia ia pāpaʻi) aia nā tubercle liʻiliʻi i ke ʻano o nā cones a i ʻole nā kualapa convex.
Manaʻo nā kukuna Manta e kokoke i ka make
Kūleʻa maoli ke kala o ke kino o kēlā me kēia hiʻohiʻona. nolaila manta ray i ka kiʻi - he ʻano ʻike kēia, he passport o ka holoholona. Mālama ʻia nā kiʻi no ka manawa lōʻihi i ka waihona, kahi waihona o kēia mau mea kupaianaha.
Nā ʻano
ʻO ka moʻokūʻauhau o nā kukuna manta kahi moʻolelo piha ʻole i hōʻike ʻia a ʻano huikau paha. Kāhea ʻia kā mākou stingray ʻo Manta birostris a ʻo ia ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i kēia genus (kūpuna). A hiki i kēia manawa, ua ʻae ʻia ʻo ia wale nō i kāna ala ponoʻī (monotypic). Eia nō naʻe, i ka makahiki 2009 ua ʻike ʻia kahi pili pili lua - ka stingray Manta alfredi. Ua helu ʻia ʻo ia ma nā ʻano like ʻole:
- ʻO ka mea mua, e like me ke kala o ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ka diski, aia nā kiko ma ke kino i kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa a he ʻano ʻokoʻa ko lākou.
- ʻO ka mokulele o lalo a me nā wahi a puni ka waha e kala ʻokoʻa hoʻi;
- He ʻano like ko nā niho a hoʻonoho ʻia i ʻokoʻa;
- Hōʻike ʻia ʻo Puberty e nā nui o ke kino;
- A, ʻo ka mea hope loa, ʻo ka nui o ka holoholona - nā palena o ka diski ʻaneʻane 1.5 mau manawa i ʻoi aku i ka kūpuna.
ʻIke ʻia i waena o kēia mau pilikua nā kukuna manta nui, akā aia kekahi mea liʻiliʻi. I kekahi manawa huikau nā kukuna manta me nā mobul.
Mobule, a i ʻole nā beetles stag, pili iā Mobulinae ʻohana like me nā kukuna manta. Ma waho like loa, ʻekolu kā lākou mau lālā o ka hana ʻana. I kēia ʻano, ʻo lākou, me nā diabolō o ke kai, kū i nā vertebrates wale nō me kēlā ʻano.
Eia nō naʻe, he ʻokoʻa ko lākou. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻaʻohe ona poʻo poʻo - "pepeiaohao", aia ka waha ma ka papa o lalo o ke poʻo, ʻaʻohe mau kiko ʻeleʻele ma ka ʻaoʻao "ʻōpū" o ke kino. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka huelo e pili ana i ka laulā o ke kino ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma ka hapanui o nā lāhui ma mua o nā kukuna nunui. Aia kekahi ʻōkalaioa ma ka wēlau o ka huelo.
Skat mobula "kaikaina" manta
Makemake wau e ʻōlelo e pili ana i ka mea pili loa o kā mākou koa, ʻaʻole hoʻi i noho liʻiliʻi i ka wai. pilikua wai stingray. Noho ia i nā kahawai tropical o Thailand. No nā makahiki miliona, ua loli iki kona helehelena. Kākoʻo hina hina ma luna a mae i lalo, like ke kino me kahi ipu nui a hiki i ka 4.6 m ka lōʻihi a me 2 m ka laulā.
Loaʻa iā ia kahi huelo e like me ka huita a me nā maka liʻiliʻi. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka huelo i ke ʻano o ka pili, loaʻa iā ia ka inoa ʻo stingray stingray. Kanu ʻo ia iā ia iho i loko o ka silt muliwai a hanu ma laila ma o nā sprite i waiho ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe o ke kino. ʻAi ʻia i nā crustacea, molluscs a me nā pāpaʻi.
Weliweli ia, no ka mea, he mea kaua make kāna - he mau kui ʻoiʻoi ʻelua ma kāna huelo. Hoʻokahi ka mea he harpoon, me ke kōkua o ka lua e ʻeha ʻo ia i kahi lāʻau make weliweli. ʻOiai ʻaʻole ia e hoʻouka i ke kanaka me ke kumu ʻole. ʻAʻole aʻo ʻia kēia kamaʻāina kahiko o nā kahawai tropika a uhi ʻia i ka mea pohihihi.
ʻO kiʻi ʻia kahi stingray wai nui nunui
A i ka hopena, e pili ana i kahi lunamakaʻāinana hoihoi loa o nā stingrays - pali uila... Hiki i kēia mea ola ke hana i ka uku uila o 8 a 220 volt, a make ia i ka mea pio nui. ʻO ka maʻa mau ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i kahi hapa o kekona, akā hana ka ramp i kahi moʻo o nā hoʻokuʻu.
Nui nā stingray i loaʻa nā uila uila i ka hopena o ko lākou huelo, akā ʻoi aku ka mana o kēia mau hāmeʻa. Aia nā mea uila i nā ʻaoʻao o kona poʻo, a ua haku ʻia i nāʻiʻo i hoʻololi ʻia. Noho ia i nā wai tropical a subtropical o nā moana āpau.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
Mea hoʻoulu wela ola ka manta ray i loko o nā wai tropical tropical o ka moana. Lūlū ʻo ia i ka nui, ʻauʻau me ke kōkua o ka pīpī ʻana o nā peʻa nui, me he mea lā "e lele ana i nā ʻeheu." Ma ke kai, neʻe i kahi laina pololei, mālama lākou i ka wikiwiki mau ma kahi o 10 km / h.
Ma kahakai, ʻauʻau pinepine lākou i nā pōʻai, a i ʻole "hover" wale ma luna o ka wai, e hoʻomaha ana a me ka basking. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia lākou i nā pūʻulu a i 30 mau mea, akā aia kekahi poʻe ʻauʻau kaʻawale. ʻO ka hele pinepine ʻana o kā lākou neʻe ʻana e hele pū me ka "escort" o nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, a me nā manu a me nā mea hānai kai.
ʻO nā meaola kai like ʻole, e like me nā copepods, parasitize ma nā ʻupena nui o ka stingray kino. I mea e hemo ai iā lākou, ʻauʻau nā mantas i nā kula iʻa nui a me nā ʻōpae. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ikaika kēlā mau mea i ka papa o nā pilikua. Hana pinepine ʻia kēia mau kaʻina hana i ke kai kū kiʻekiʻe. Noho pinepine ʻo Mantas i kahi wai ma ke kolamu wai a i ʻole ma luna o ka moana. Kāhea ʻia kēla mau meaola pelagic.
Paʻa lākou, hana i nā huakaʻi nunui a lōʻihi a i 1100 km. Luu lākou i kahi hohonu o 1 km. I kekahi mau mahina hāʻule ʻelua a i ka wā puna ua pili lākou i kahakai, i ka hoʻoilo haʻalele lākou no ke kai. I ke ao aia lākou ma luna o ka papa, i ka pō e hāʻule ai lākou i loko o ke kolamu wai. ʻAʻohe o kēia mau stingray e kūʻē kūʻē kūlohelohe i ke kūlohelohe ma muli o kā lākou nui nui. ʻO nā manō nunui a me nā kohola koholā wale nō e ʻaʻa e hopu aku iā lākou.
Aia kekahi manawa i kahi kaʻao weliweli nā kukuna manta... I ka manaʻo, ua "apo" kēia mau holoholona a ʻumeʻume iā lākou i lalo o ke kai. Ma laila lākou e uhaʻi ai iā ia a make a ʻai iā ia. Akā he kaʻao wale kēia. ʻAʻole pilikia ka stingray i nā kānaka. He launa ʻo ia a hoihoi loa.
ʻO ka makaʻi wale nō ke hele mai ka laha ʻana o kāna mau peʻa nui. No nā kānaka, ʻaʻole ia ka māka o ka lawaiʻa kālepa. ʻO ka hapanui pau lākou i ka ʻupena ma ke ʻano he iʻa i hopu ʻia. I kēia mau lā, ua emi nui kā lākou helu ma muli o kēlā "overlaps" o ka lawaiʻa ʻana, a ma muli hoʻi o ka hōʻino ʻana o ke kaolaola o ke kai.
Eia kekahi, ʻo kēia iʻa i kahi pōʻai kope lōʻihi. Manaʻo ʻia kā lākou ʻiʻo a ʻono hoʻi e nā lāhui kahakai he nui, a ʻike ʻia ke akepaʻa me he mea ʻono lā. Hoʻohui ʻia, hopu lākou iā lākou ma muli o nā stamens gill, i hoʻohana ʻia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau Kina.
ʻO kēia mau mea āpau i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o kekahi o nā wahi noho o nā meaola kūwaho i hōʻike ʻia he mau mālama moana. I nā mokuʻāina he nui i loaʻa i nā tropic a me ke komo ʻana i ke kai, ua hoʻolaha ʻia kahi pāpā no ka ʻimi holoholona ʻana a me ke kūʻai hou aku aku i kēia mau holoholona.
Meaʻai kūpono
Ma ke ʻano o kā lākou ʻai ʻana, hiki ke kapa ʻia lākou he "kānana" nui. Loaʻa iā lākou nā pā beige-pinkish spongy ma waena o nā aʻa oaka, kahi mea kānana. ʻO kā lākou meaʻai nui ka zooplankton a me nā hua iʻa. Aia paha nā iʻa liʻiliʻi i loko o ka "hopu". Hele lōʻihi lākou i ka ʻimi ʻana i kahi wahi plankton kūpono no ka waiwai kūpono. ʻIke lākou i kēia mau wahi me ke kōkua o ka ʻike a me ka pilau.
I kēlā me kēia pule, hiki i kekahi kukuna manta ke hoʻopau i kahi nui o ka meaʻai, kahi ma kahi o 13% o kāna kaupaona ponoʻī. Inā kaupaona ʻia kā mākou iʻa he 2 mau tona, a laila omo ia i ka 260 kg o ka meaʻai i kēlā me kēia pule. Hoʻopuni ia a puni i ka mea i koho ʻia, e hoʻopili mālie iā ia i loko o kahi puʻupuʻu, a laila e hoʻonui a hana i ka ʻauʻau hope loa me ka waha hāmama.
I kēia manawa, hāʻawi nā poʻo poʻo like i ke kōkua nui ʻole. Kūleʻa koke lākou mai nā pepeiaohao ʻoniʻoni i nā pahi lōʻihi a hoʻomaka e "lūlū" i ka meaʻai i ka waha o ka mea hoʻokipa. I kekahi manawa alualu lākou i kahi hui holoʻokoʻa. I kēia hihia, i ke kaʻina hana no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai, he manawa kupaianaha loa kā lākou.
Hānai nā kukuna Manta i ka plankton a hiki ke hoʻopau i 17 kg i kēlā me kēia lā.
ʻO kahi hui o nā stingray e kū ana i kahi kaulahao, a laila kokoke i loko o kahi pōʻai a hoʻomaka e pōʻai koke a puni ka carousel, e hana ana i kahi "puahiohio" maoli i loko o ka wai. Huki kēia hū iā plankton mai ka wai a mālama iā ia "pio". A laila hoʻomaka nā stingray i ka pāʻina, luʻu no ka meaʻai i loko o ka pihi.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Hoihoi loa kā lākou hana hou ʻana. Manta kukuna ʻo ovoviviparous. Ua hiki i nā kāne ke hana hou ma ka pālahalaha ʻana i ko lākou "ʻēheu" e 4 m. Loaʻa i nā wahine i kēia manawa ka lōʻihi ākea, a i 5 mau m.
Hoʻomaka ka "Weddings" i Nowemapa a hoʻomau ma ʻApelila. He manawa hoihoi o ka noho aloha ʻana. I ka mua, alualu ʻia ke "kaikamahine" e nā kāne, ʻoiai makemake nui ʻia ʻo ia me nā mea noi i ka manawa hoʻokahi. I kekahi manawa hiki i ko lākou helu ke kiʻekiʻe ma kahi o ke kakini.
No 20-30 mau minuke, puni lākou iā ia me ka ʻeleu, e hana hou i kāna neʻe ʻana. A laila hopu ka mea hoʻomau paʻa paʻa loa me ia, lālau i ka lihi o ka fin a hoʻohuli iā ia. Lawe ke kaʻina hana hoʻouluulu i 60-90 kekona. Akā i kekahi manawa piʻi aʻe ka lua, a ma hope ona ʻo ke kolu o ka mea noi, a hoʻokele lākou e hana i ka moʻa male me ka wahine like.
Noho ka stingrays i kahi hohonu a paʻakikī loa e ʻike a hoʻopaʻa.
Lawe ke kaʻina hana o nā hua i loko o ke kino o ka makuahine. Hatch pū lākou ma laila. I ka mua, hānai ka embryo i nā hōʻiliʻili i loko o ka ʻeke yolk, a laila e hele aku e hānai me nā jelly aliʻi mai ka makua. Hoʻokumu nā Fetus i ka ʻōpū no 12 mau mahina.
Hānau ʻia hoʻokahi keiki, kākaʻikahi loa ka ʻelua. ʻO ka laulā o ke kino o nā hānau hou he 110-130 cm, a ʻo ke kaumaha mai 9 a 12 kg. Hānau ʻia i ka wai pāpaʻu. Hoʻokuʻu ʻo ia i loko o ka wai i kahi pēpē i ʻolokaʻa ʻia i loko o kahi ʻōwili, a hohola i kona mau lime a ukali i ka makuahine. A laila ulu ka ʻōpio i mau makahiki i kahi like, ma kahi pāpaʻu o ke kai.
Mākaukau ka makuahine e hana i ke keiki hou aʻe i hoʻokahi makahiki a i ʻole ʻelua, ʻo kēia ka lōʻihi o ka manawa e hoʻihoʻi ai i ke kino. ʻO ke ola o kēia mau pilikua i 20 mau makahiki.
ʻIkepili Hoihoi
- I kekahi manawa hiki i ka lele wai o kahi stingray hanohano ke lilo i ea maoli. Piʻi maoli ia ma luna o ka ʻilikai, e hana ana i kahi mea e like me ka lele i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 1.5 m. ʻAʻole maopopo ke kumu o kēia hana, akā he nani maoli ka hiʻohiʻona. Aia kekahi mau manaʻo: ʻo kēia ke ʻano o kona hoʻāʻo ʻana e kāpae i nā parasites ma kona kino, a i ʻole e kuapo i nā hōʻailona me nā kānaka ʻē aʻe, a stuns paha i ka iʻa ma ke kuʻi ʻana i kahi kino mana i ka wai. I kēia manawa, makemake ʻole ʻia e kokoke iā ia, hiki iā ia ke hoʻohuli i ka moku.
- Inā makemake ka kukuna manta, hiki iā ia ke apo maʻalahi i ka manō koholā, ka iʻa nui loa o ka honua, me nā wīwī ona. No ka pālākiō a me ka nui o nā peʻa, manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ke stingray nui loa i ka moana.
- Ua kamaʻilio ka poʻe malihini e hoʻolilo manawa ana ma ke Kai ʻInikia e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka nīnaninau. Ua ʻau aku kahi pilikua nui iā lākou, hoihoi i nā huʻa o ka wai mai nā kapa scuba, a hoʻāʻo e hāpai iā lākou i luna. Ua makemake paha ia e hoʻopakele i ka "make ʻana"? A hoʻopā iki ʻo ia i ke kanaka me kāna "ʻēheu", me he mea lā e kono ana iā ia e hahau i kona kino i ka pane. Maliʻa paha makemake ʻo ia i ka ʻeli ʻana.
- ʻO nā kukuna Manta nā lolo iʻa nui loa i ʻike ʻia i kēia lā. ʻO ia paha nā iʻa "akamai" ma ka honua.
- I ka honua, ʻelima wale nō nā aquarium e hiki ke kaena i ke kū mai o nā kukuna manta ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o nā holoholona kai. Nui loa ia e lawe i kahi ākea e hoʻopaʻa iā ia. I kekahi o kēia mau hoʻokumu e hana nei i Iapana, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia kahi hihia o ka hānau ʻana o kahi stingray liʻiliʻi i ka pio.
- I ka waenakonu o Mei 2019, ua huli a kahi lā manta nunui i ka poʻe no ke kōkua ma kahakai o ʻAukekulelia. ʻIke ka mea ʻokoʻa i kahi stingray nui, kahi e hoʻomau mau ai i kā lākou nānā, ʻauʻau ʻana iā lākou. I ka hopena, ua ʻike kekahi o nā ʻauʻauʻau i ka lou i paʻa i ka kino o ka holoholona. Pono nā poʻe e luʻu pinepine i ka mea i hoʻomāinoino ʻia, i kēia manawa a pau ke kali nei ka colossus me ka hoʻomanawanui no lākou e huki ai i ka lou. ʻO ka hope ua pau ka hauʻoli o nā mea āpau, a ua ʻae ka holoholona mahalo iā ia e hahau ʻia ma ka ʻōpū. Ua kau ʻia kahi wikiō me ia ma ka Pūnaewele, ua kapa ʻia ka meʻe ʻo Freckle.
