Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Mea ʻai pipi - kahi manu ʻōlinolino liʻiliʻi o ka ʻohana bee-eater. Ua ʻike ʻia kēia ʻohana o nā poʻe noho lani me ka nani loa ma ʻEulopa. A ʻaʻole me ke kumu ʻole. He paʻakikī ʻaʻole e mahalo i ke kala o ka bee-eater. Ua pena ʻia nā hulu i ka ʻulaʻula, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, melemele, i nā kala polū a me nā aka o lākou.
He ʻano ponoʻī ko kēlā me kēia laha o ka mahele o ke kala i ka plumage. Ma kēia kumu, a ma kahi o ka nohona, ʻike ʻia ma mua o 20 mau ʻano manu. E like me ka nui o nā manu, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka mālamalama o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine. ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu o nā hulu e mālamalama me ka makahiki. Kūpono ka mea ʻai pi i loko o ka poho o kou lima. ʻO ka lōʻihi o kona kino ma kahi o 26 cm. ʻO ka manu nani loa ma ʻEulopa kaupaona mai 20 a 50 mau gram.
I ka manawa like, pono ka pēpē i 40 mau gram o ka meaʻai i kēlā me kēia lā! ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka bee-ʻai ka nuku. Hoʻohā lōʻihi ʻia i ke kino, ʻūlū iki. ʻO ka nuku ka mea hopu holoholona nui no ka nui o nā manu. ʻO ia ke kumu i hoʻokumu ai ka poʻe makemake i ka insect i mea hana nani o ka hana i ka wā o ka evolution.
Ua loaʻa ka inoa o ka poʻe ʻai pipi no kā lākou uē ʻano: "schur-schur". ʻIke pinepine ʻia nā manu ʻōlinolino ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona o ka laki laki. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ka mea ʻai pi. I nā ʻāina he nui kahi e manaʻo ʻole ʻia ai he koa hakakā, ʻo ka hālāwai ʻana me kahi manu ʻālohilohi e lawe i ka laki, e like me ka manaʻo nui.
ʻO kēlā ʻāina ma ʻEulopa ʻo Palani. A ma ʻAigupita a ma ka mokupuni ʻo Kerete, ʻaʻole hui wale me mea ʻai piʻiakā kuke pū ʻia no ka meaʻai. Kūkākūkā ka poʻe e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i kēia inā inā ʻai ʻia ka hōʻailona laki, a laila e hoʻonui ka hauʻoli i kahi nui loa.
Nā ʻano
ʻO ka ʻohana o ka poʻe ʻai pi nīnū he nui o nā laha. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā manu, ma ka plumage a me kahi noho.
1. ʻAi pī piʻo keʻokeʻo... ʻO ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka nui, ʻo ka umauma he kani gula. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka lae e kahi ʻāpana ʻeleʻele. Hoʻomanaʻo ʻia nā maka ʻulaʻula me kahi "mask" ʻeleʻele. ʻEleʻele hoʻi ka lei aliʻi. Makemake ʻo ia e lilo i ke kauwela ma nā wao akua kokoke i ka wao akua ʻo Sahara, a me ka hoʻoilo i nā ululāʻau tropical. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka manu i 20 cm, a ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku kona kaumaha ma mua o 30 gram.
2. Mea ʻai piʻo gula... ʻO kēia ʻano mālamalama loa i ka ʻohana. ʻUlaʻula ke kua, polū ka umauma, a aia nā ʻōpala o ka melemele, ʻulaʻula, uliuli a me ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma nā ʻeheu. Melemele ka auwae, he kaha ʻeleʻele ma nā maka ʻulaʻula.
ʻO ka bee-eater ke ʻano nui o ka ʻohana. I ka hoʻoilo, hiki ke loaʻa ma India. I ke kauwela, hoʻonui nui kona wahi noho. Ua nānā nā mea noiʻi he nui i ka mea ʻai piʻikoi gula ma nā latitude hema hema.
3. Mea ʻai piʻo Bemova... Ua kapa ʻia ka inoa ma hope o ka mea mākaʻikaʻi Kelemania ʻo Richard Boehm, nāna i ʻimi i ka moku ʻo Zanzibar i ka hopena o ke kenekulia 19. I ʻole kāhea ʻia kēia manu mea ʻai piʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻO ka bee-eater he 17 cm ka lōʻihi a kaupaona iā 20 gram. Kūleʻa ʻo Green i kāna plumage.
Ua pena ʻia ka umauma o ka bee-eater me kahi malumalu hoʻomehana, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻeleʻele a me nā hulu emerala ma ke kua. Kāpena ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻāʻī. Ma nā maka, kahi ʻāpana ʻeleʻele ʻano. Noho ʻo Beeh-eater e noho ai ma ʻApelika. Noho ʻo ia i loko o nā ululāʻau equatorial, kahi e nui ai ka mālam. ʻO ke ana koho no ia ke alo o kahi lāʻau mopane.
4. ʻAi ʻai ʻeleʻele poʻo poʻo ʻeleʻele... Hiki ke kapa ʻia kēia laha nui ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i kona ʻohana. Ka lōʻihi o ke kino - 28 cm, ke kaupaona - 54g. Ua loaʻa ka inoa o ka poʻe ʻai pipi no ko lākou kala. ʻEleʻele loa ke poʻo o ka manu, e nānā formidable ai nā manu.
ʻO ke kua, nā ʻeheu a me ka huelo e pena ʻia i nā aka ʻōmaʻomaʻo. He melemele a me ka ʻalani ka umauma a me ka ʻōpū. Noho ka mea ʻai ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele i ʻApelika, ma ka mokuna ʻo Nigeria, Gabon, Angola, Kongo a me nā mokuʻāina pili ʻē aʻe.
5. ʻAi pīpī ʻai alo keʻokeʻo... Loaʻa i nā plumage o kēia ʻano i nā waihoʻoluʻu he nui ʻole. ʻO ka inoa mai ka plumage keʻokeʻo ma ke poʻo ma luna a ma lalo o ka ʻāpana ʻeleʻele ʻano i nā maka. ʻUlaʻula ka auwae, melemele ka umauma a me ka ʻōpū. Pili kokoke i ka huelo, lilo ka plumage i indigo.
He ʻōmaʻomaʻo ke kua a me nā ʻeheu, e like me ka hapa nui o nā lālā o ka ʻohana. ʻO nā mea ʻai manu ʻiʻo ʻēheo keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 23 knm, a ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ke kaumaha ma mua o 40 g. Noho ka mea ʻai manu ʻiʻo keʻokeʻo i mua i nā savannas ʻApelika.
6. ʻAi pīʻaka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula... Me he mea lā ua hoʻohui kēia ʻano i nā mea ʻai pi a me ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kikoʻī ʻo ka ʻulaʻula. ʻŌmaʻomaʻo ka lae. He melemele-ʻalani ka nape, he ʻōmaʻomaʻo nā ʻeheu, ka huelo a me ke kua, ʻo ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka huelo he uliuli hohonu. Noho ia maʻAfelika ma nā wahi mai Sinegal a i ka Central African Republic a mai ʻAitiopa a Uganda.
7. ʻAi ʻai ʻeleʻele... He maʻalahi ka wehewehe ʻana o ka plumage o kēia manu i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kona mau hoahānau. ʻUlaʻula ka ʻāʻī, me ka hulu polū ʻulaʻula ma ka lae a me ka hiʻu. ʻO ka hapanui he manu ʻeleʻele.
8. Mea ʻai piʻo hōkiʻo kāwi ʻia... Mai ka inoa hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo he aha ka hiʻohiʻona nui o kēia ʻano. ʻO ke kala o ke kua, nā ʻeheu a me ka pāpale he ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Polū ka huelo, ma ka hopena he mau ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele. Melemele ka puʻu. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino, me ka huelo, he 20 cm. ʻO ka wahi noho ma ka hema o ka Sahara, ma nā savannas ʻApelika.
9. ʻAi pīpaka poʻo poʻo poʻo... Kūleʻa a hanohano ka helehelena o ka manu i ka manawa like. ʻO nā ʻēheu a me ke kua e ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻeleʻele, e hele ʻeleʻele ana. He ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka umauma, ʻike ʻia nā blotches polū kokoke i ka hiʻu. ʻO burgundy ka pāpale, melemele ka puʻu, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ka umauma e kahi ʻāpana lahilahi o ke kala waina. Ka lōʻihi o ke kino - 20 cm, ke kaupaona - ma kahi o 30g.
10. Mea ʻai pī piʻo... Ua loaʻa ka inoa o ka manu no ka auwae a me ka umauma o kahi waihoʻoluʻu ʻulaʻula. ʻO nā plumage ʻē aʻe āpau o ka bee-eater he hina ʻeleʻele. Ma lalo o ke ʻano ʻeleʻele, hele keʻokeʻo i nā maka, e hana ana i kahi ʻokoʻa. Noho ia i ka wahi like me ka ʻai o ka bee-ʻai ʻeleʻele.
11. Mea ʻai piʻo poʻo poʻo polū... ʻAʻole wale ke poʻo, akā polū ka hapa nui o nā plumage o ka manu. ʻUlaʻula ʻulaʻula nā ʻeheu, me nā hulu ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula ma lalo o ka nuku. ʻO ka ʻeleʻele i nā maka a me ka ʻāʻī. ʻO ka bee-eater ka mea ʻakaʻaka he mea hōʻike liʻiliʻi o ka ʻohana. ʻO 19 cm wale kona lōʻihi a ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o kona kaumaha i 30g.
12. Mea ʻai piʻo Nubian... ʻO kekahi lālā ʻālohilohi a ʻokoʻa hoʻi o ka ʻohana i kapa ʻia ʻo ka bee-eater ai mea ʻai ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula... Polū ka lae a me ka lae, ʻākala nā plumage āpau āpau, interspersed with red, green, blue and brown. ʻO 40cm ka lōʻihi o ke kino. I ke kauwela noho ʻo ia i ka ʻākau a me ka hema o ʻApelika, a i ka hoʻoilo i ka equator. Makemake ʻo ia i nā savannas a me nā awāwa kahawai, a ʻaʻole nānā i nā mangrove.
13. Mea ʻai piʻo Ānuenue... ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o ka manu ʻaʻole wale ka nui o nā pua i ka plumage, akā ʻo ka hoʻololi mālie hoʻi ma waena o nā malu. Ma ka hope, melemele, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā kala polū e lanakila ai, ma nā ʻeheu, ua hoʻololi ʻia ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo e ʻulaʻula Aia nā malu āpau ma ke poʻo. Noho nā mea ʻai piʻo Ānuenue ma Australia a me ka mokupuni ʻo Tasmania. Keʻike nei i ka hoʻoilo ma Nūkini.
Ma waho aʻe o nā ʻano i wehewehe ʻia, aia pū kekahi he dwarf, Somali, ʻoliva, polū polū a me nā mea ʻai meli meli. Kūlike lākou āpau i ka plumage a me kahi nohona. ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo ka bee-eater ka mea nani loa, no ka mea, he ʻano kūʻokoʻa ko kēlā me kēia ʻano. Nā mea ʻai pipi i ke kiʻi nānā kupaianaha i ka nahelehele. He mea leʻaleʻa ke nānā aku i kā lākou plumage.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
ʻO ka homeland o nā manu nā tropika a me nā wao akua. ʻO kēia ke kumu e kala ai nā bee-ʻai. ʻO ʻApelika ka wahi noho nui loa, akā loaʻa kekahi mau lunamakaʻāinana ma nā latitude subtropical a me ka haʻahaʻa o ʻEulopa. I Lūkia, ʻaʻole e hoʻonui ka wahi noho o nā manu i ka ʻākau o nā wahi Tambov a me Ryazan. Hiki ke loaʻa nā mea ʻai pipi ma ka mokupuni ʻo Madagascar a me New Guinea, ma Australia a me ʻAsia.
Lele wikiwiki nā mea ʻai pi. Kōkua kēia iā lākou e ʻimi no ka meaʻai i ka ea. ʻO nā kolo ka meaʻai punahele a nā manu ʻōlinolino. Nā larvae, nā ʻenuhe, nā butterfly butterfly - akahele lākou āpau i ka ʻai ʻana i ka pi. ʻAʻole hilahila iki nā manu liʻiliʻi e ka nui o ke kaupaona a i ʻole ka nui o ka ʻenekini.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea āpau, makemake nā mea ʻai pi i nā nalo a me nā nalo, a hemo lākou i ke kui ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana. Ma muli o ka hōʻalo i kēia ʻano pepeke, hiki i nā mea ʻai pi ke hoʻoweliweli i ka luku ʻia o nā apiaries holoʻokoʻa. I ka wā o ka Soviet Union, aia kahi ʻōlelo hoʻoholo e pili ana i ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā mea ʻai pi i mea e mālama ai i nā mahi mahi holoholona. A i ko mākou manawa, hoʻāʻo lākou e mālama i nā manu mai kahi apiaries. Eia naʻe, ua ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole hoʻopau ka poʻe ʻai pi i ka pākēneka o ka nalo make ʻana i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
ʻO ka mea mua, nānā ka hekili o nā mea kolo i ka mea pio mai kahi kiʻekiʻe. Hiki iā kēia ke lilo i pou a pale paha, he kaupaku o kahi hale a i lālā paha o kahi kumulāʻau, kahi e wehe ai kahi ʻike maikaʻi. I ka lele ʻana, lālau ka manu i ka mea pio, pepehi iā ia ma ke kuʻi ʻana i ka honua, waimaka nā ʻēheu, ʻū a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻopilikia i ka ʻai ʻana.
I kekahi mau māhele, hoʻokomo ʻia ka bee-ʻai i ka puke ʻula. Me he mea lā e kau nā manu me nā plumage ʻōlinolino ma luna o nā kumulāʻau. Akā makemake lākou i nā lua ma nā wahi ākea. Hiki i nā wahi noho ke pali, haʻalele i nā hakakā, haʻalele ʻia a i ʻole nā kauhale noho mālie. ʻO ka mea nui ka hiki ke hoʻolako i ka lua. Hoʻohālikelike kēia i nā mea ʻai pi me ko nā ale kai.
ʻAʻole makemake ka poʻe ʻai pipi i ka mehameha, no laila noho lākou i nā hipa. I ka wā hānau, nā ʻohana hipa nui, a hiki i ka tausani mau kānaka, a mahele pālua ʻia. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole kēia e hoʻonāwaliwali i ko lākou lokahi. Inā pilikia, kōkua nā manu i kekahi i kekahi.
He mea nui ka mālama ʻana i ka wai i ka nohona o nā manu. Ma muli o ka noho ʻana o nā manu i nā latitude mehana, hiki i nā parasites ke hoʻomaka i loko o kā lākou plumage. ʻO ia ke kumu e lilo ai ka poʻe ʻai pi i ka manawa nui i ke ʻauʻau one a me ka wai. Makemake lākou e bask i ka lā, e laumania i ko lākou hulu, e nānā ana iā lākou pākahi.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Pūnana ʻai ʻūlū he lua hohonu moe. ʻO ka mea nui ke ʻeli ke kāne. Ke waiho ʻia nei kahi ana me kahi hohonu o 1-1.5 m, me ke anawaena o 5 cm. Ma kahi o 7 kg o ka lepo i kiola ʻia e nā manu i ka wā o ka ʻeli ʻana. ʻElua mau pule ka hana o ke kūkulu ʻana. Hana nā manu i kahi kokoke: ʻeli lākou no hoʻokahi hola a ʻelua paha, a laila hoʻonohonoho i kahi haki o ka lōʻihi like.
ʻO kahi lua i eli ʻia ke kumuhana o nā hakakā ma waena o nā hoahānau. ʻAʻole makemake kēlā me kēia manu e ʻeli i kahi lua, inā loaʻa kahi manawa kūpono e kiʻi iā ia me ka ikaika. ʻO kekahi mau kānaka e hoʻoholo e hana i nā keiki e kaua hou i ko lākou home.
ʻO ke kumu nui ke koho ʻana i kahi kāne e hana i nā keiki ka hiki ke hānai i nā moa. ʻO ia ke kumu e mālama ai ka poʻe hoʻopiʻi i ka wahine e like me ka hiki. Ma hope o ka koho ʻana a ka wahine, hana ʻia ka moena. Hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i ka paʻa mai 4 a 10 mau hua. Liʻiliʻi loa lākou, ʻeleʻele i ka kala i ka mua. I kona hoʻoulu ʻana, lilo ke kala i mae.
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hua e ka wahine, a ke ʻai nei nā kāne. I kekahi manawa hoʻololi nā mākua i nā kuleana. A hiki kēia i hoʻokahi mahina. Hānau hānai ʻole ʻia ʻo Chicks. Hoʻomaka lākou e hānai ikaika mai nā lā mua, kū ke koho kūlohelohe, a make nā keiki palupalu nāwaliwali ke loaʻa kahi hemahema o ka meaʻai.
I hoʻokahi mahina ma hope mai, haʻalele nā moa i ka pūnana makua. Hānai keiki ʻai-piʻinaʻi kōkua ʻōpio poʻe hoʻohoka mai nā pua i hala. Loaʻa iā lākou ka meaʻai no kā lākou mau hoa kaikaina, kōkua i ke kaua aku i ka home mai nā mea ʻaihue.
ʻAʻole like me ka hapa nui o nā lunamakaʻāinana, mālama ʻole ka bee-ʻai i ka uhi "papahele" o ka pūnana. Hāpai lākou i ka mauʻu, ka pua a me nā lau i loko o ka lua. I ke kaʻina o ka incubation, regurgitates ka wahine i nā koena i hoʻohemo ʻole ʻia o nā ʻūlū: nā ʻēheu, nā wāwae, kahi mea litter maikaʻi loa na nā keiki.
ʻAʻohe hopohopo o nā manu lele i ka paʻa ʻana o ka bee-eater. Mālama ʻia kēia e nā lua hohonu, i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā manu i kahi manawa a me ka ikaika. Hiki i nā ʻīlio a i nā ʻalopeke ke hoʻoweliweli i ka pūnana. Eia naʻe, kau kaupaona he hoʻokahi 5-7 mau kenimika, a ʻo kahi paʻa nui hiki ʻole ke hoʻomāʻona i ka predator. ʻO ke ola ola ma kahi o 4 mau makahiki.
