ʻO nā beetles ke kaʻina nui loa o nā ʻelala i nā helu. Ma waena o kēia mau mea kolo palekana nalo wai - ke aloha a me ke kumu kumu.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Loaʻa i ka nīʻau ʻauʻau he makana mai ke kūlohelohe kahi kino elongated streamlines, e kōkua iā ia e neʻe maikaʻi i ka wai. Ma ka awelika, ulu nā hiʻohiʻona i 45-50 mm. ʻO ke kala o kēlā me kēia kanaka he pinepine ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele hoʻi.
ʻO ke kino o ka nalo kahi hoʻonohonoho paʻa o nā mea ʻekolu: poʻo, umauma a me ka ʻōpū. ʻO nā lālā o mua, he mau pālua ia, e kōkua i ka nalo e noho i lalo o ka wai. Hoʻopaʻa ʻo ia i nā mea kanu me nā lou, i "lako" me kēia mau wāwae.
Hoʻololi ʻia nā wāwae hope no ka ʻauʻau ʻana a uhi ʻia me ka lauoho, a i kā lākou kūkulu ʻana he like ia me nā hoe liʻiliʻi. ʻOiai ke kaila ʻauʻau ponoʻī e like me ka holo ʻana o ka hoe waʻa, e neʻe like ana nā lālā hope ʻelua i ka manawa like.
He mau eheu hoʻomohala maikaʻi ka ʻenekema, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻohana pinepine. Lele ka nalo e lele ana i nā hihia wale nō e pau ai ka meaʻai a i ʻole e hoʻomaloʻo paha kāu waihona wai punahele. Kūleʻa nā maka o ka luʻu. Hoʻokumu ʻia lākou i nā ʻeiwa tausani helehelena, nā maka maka liʻiliʻi.
Kōkua kēia ʻano o nā maka i ka nahele kele e hoʻokele maikaʻi loa ma lalo o ka wai a hoʻokaʻawale ma waena o nā mea kū a me nā mea neʻe. Hoʻolālā maikaʻi nā ʻōpala no ka hopu ʻana i ka meaʻai - he ʻoi a ikaika ka mau ā, i hiki ai ke ʻai ola i ka mea pio.
ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, noho ka poʻe ʻauʻau i ka wai ma lalo o ka wai, akā pono lākou e ʻau i ka papa i kēlā me kēia manawa, no ka mea, pono lākou i ka ea hou e hanu ai. Ma ka ʻōpū o ka nalo luʻu aia he mau puka hana kūikawā e komo ai ka oxygen a laila hele pū me ka trachea i nā ʻāpana āpau o ke kino.
I mea e hoʻopiha ai i nā kumuwaiwai o ka oxygen e pono ai, ʻau ka nalo i ka ʻili a pahu i kona ʻōpū i waho. Pono e hoʻokō ʻia ke kaʻina hana make oxygen ma ka liʻiliʻi hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia 15 mau minuke. Hoʻohana ka nalo i ka ea ʻaʻole wale no ka hanu ʻana, kōkua kahi ʻeke kūikawā iā lākou e kaohi i ko lākou iho a piʻi i luna.
Nā ʻano
Ma kahi o 600 mau ʻano o nā beetle ʻauʻau like ʻole i ʻike ʻia. Noho ke ʻano o ka lā ma waena o latitu:
1. ʻO ka mea ʻauʻau kau palena... ʻO ka lāhui kaulana a kaulana loa, a me ka specimen nui loa. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka hiki ʻana o kahi palena ocher-kala, e hoʻonani ai i ke kino holoʻokoʻa o ka ʻelima. Hiki i ke kanaka makua ke 30-35 mm. Hoʻolahalaha ʻia kēlā ʻano nalo ma nā ʻāina o ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika, ma Iapana, ka Caucasus a me ka Sakha Republic.
2. ʻO ka ʻauʻau kai ākea... ʻO ka nui a keu loa o nā ʻano ʻauʻau kai. Piʻi nā mākua i 45 mm. Makemake lākou e noho i loko o nā waihona wai me ka wai maʻemaʻe a me ka nui o ka oxygen, ʻo ia ke kumu e emi ai ka heluna kanaka. Ua helu ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he ʻano mea ʻaneʻane pau ʻole i ka Red Data Books o kekahi mau mokuʻāina.
3. 'Auʻau kai a i ʻole kekelu. ʻIke ʻia i loko o nā waihona wai me ka wai kū ʻole, kahi e nui ai kāna meaʻai punahele - nā ʻenuhe. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi i ka beetle luʻu palena palena, ʻo ka makua he 12-16 mm. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me ia ma nā wahi āpau o ka wai stagnant, a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi a me nā ʻūlū, e ʻūlū a ʻai ia i kahi wikiwiki kupaianaha.
Ke noho a kahi nalo i loko o kahi kūlana hoʻoweliweli, hoʻopuka ia i kahi wai waiū waiu e uhi ana i kona kino. Hoʻoweliweli ka wai ʻala pilau i nā ʻenemi kūpono, a lilo ka hoihoi iā lākou. Kūleʻa nā beetles ma Rūsia, ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka ʻAinapuni ʻApelika, nā mokupuni o ke kai o Iapana a me nā ʻāina ʻĀkia Hikina.
4. Luʻu... Kūleʻa kēia mau beetle i ka nui, ulu a 0.5 cm, a ʻo kēia ko lākou lōʻihi lōʻihi. Ma waena o kēia ʻano pepeke, ka mea kamaʻāina loa ʻo:
- he luʻu pālahalaha - he kanaka ikaika a hānai maikaʻi ʻia, uhi ʻia me nā lauoho lōʻihi a ulu nui. Loaʻa i nā ʻaoʻao a me mua o ke kua ka pā kaulike, pā o ka ʻāpana;
- luʻu poho - haʻahaʻa i ka nui a hiki i kahi luʻu pālahalaha. ʻO ka nui o ka nui a hiki i ka 3.5 mm. Hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia e ke alo o nā ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula i kahi o ka maka. ʻOiai ka inoa, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kēlā kanaka ma nā loko nahele a me nā kahawai holo mālie. Noho i nā wahi ākea mai ka Moana ʻAkelanika a hiki i Sakhalin.
5. Snail Pond... Noho i nā loko ʻāhiu, ulu ulu. ʻEleʻele ka waihoʻoluʻu, uhi ʻia nā ʻeheu me kahi kumu i ke ʻano o nā notches transversal.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
I ke kūlohelohe, kākaʻikahi loa nā mea ola e hiki ke lele a noho ma lalo o ka wai no kahi manawa lōʻihi. Ola ka nalo wai ma nā wahi wale nō kahi wai hou, a ʻaʻohe ikaika o kēia au. Hoʻopaʻa piha kēia mau nalo i ko lākou inoa i ko lākou ʻano o ke ola. 90% o ka manawa, aia ka predator i lalo o ka wai, e ʻimi nei i ka mea pio a i ʻole ka hoʻomaha ʻana. Hoʻohui pinepine ka hoʻomaha me ka oxygen hoʻopiha.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka moe ʻana o ka nalo ma luna a i luna me kona ʻōpū, no laila, hoʻopiha ia i nā meaola me ka ea i hiki ai iā ʻoe ke noho ma lalo o ka wai no kekahi manawa a hoʻi i ka ʻimi holoholona.
ʻEtiwi wai wai pīʻā wai ʻauʻau nui, a ʻaʻole ʻike iki ʻoe iā ia i kekahi loko iʻa. ʻO nā Thickets ma ke kahakai o nā loko nahele a me nā loko liʻiliʻi i loko o nā wahi kai i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia e hōʻiliʻili pinepine i nā mea kolo. Hoʻokumu paha ke au wikiwiki i nā mea ke hiki ke ʻike ʻia i ka wā e ʻimi nei i nā mea hōkai ʻuʻuku, a he pilikia hoʻi kā lākou inā pono e huki i ka ea, ʻo ia ke kumu e kū ai ka wai i kahi wai.
ʻOiai ua hoʻololi ʻia nā ʻeheu o kahi kolo no ka lele ʻana, i mea e hemo ai, pono ia e puka i waho o ka ʻāina. Ma ka ʻāina e neʻe wale ai ka nalo, hele i ka wobbling, ke hele nei mai ka wāwae a ka wāwae. Haʻalele nā ʻauʻauʻauʻau i kā lākou loko puna punahele inā wale nō o ka maloʻo a me nā kumu kūlohelohe ʻē aʻe o ka papau ʻana o ka wahi o ka wai.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hoihoi: ʻeleu nā nalo luʻu i ka pō pū kekahi. Hoʻomau lākou e alualu i ka wā o ka pouli, i kēia manawa o ka lā aia kekahi lele ʻana mai kekahi waihona i kekahi. ʻAʻole ʻike maikaʻi nā nalo i ka pō, ʻo ia ke kumu e paʻa pinepine ai lākou, nā hele hewa kuhihewa e ʻālohilohi ai ka ʻili o ka wai. E luʻu ana i nā mea pulu a me nā ʻōlinolino, haki pinepine nā beetle luʻu.
ʻO ka liʻiliʻi a me ka helehelena conspicuous e pono ke hoʻolilo i ka nīnū luʻu i waiwai pio na nā mea hōkai ʻē aʻe, akā he mea pale pale kā kāna mea kaua. Ke kū mai kahi makaʻu, hoʻolei nā glands o ka nalo i kahi wai keʻokeʻo ʻōpua i loaʻa i kahi ʻala pungent hoʻopailua a me kahi ʻono ʻono maikaʻi ʻole. Hoʻoweliweli kēia i nā mea hōʻaiʻe ʻoi aku ka nui a hōʻoia i ka palekana.
Paʻapū nā pilina ma waena o ke kaiāulu, inā ʻaʻole kolohe. Ke hui ʻelua mau mea, hakakā lāua no ka ʻāina, nahu a kuku ʻana i hoʻokahi. ʻIke ka poʻe ʻauʻau i ke anuanu hoʻoilo i nā lua hauʻoli, i kūpono iā lākou iho me ke ʻano o ka hau. Moe lākou i kēia manawa o ka makahiki.
Meaʻai kūpono
Luʻu luʻu i ke kiʻi ke nānā aku me he pepeke kolohe ʻole. Akā mamao loa kēia mai ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻoiai he mea ʻai nui ka mea kolo. ʻO ka hoʻoweliweli nui loa i nā poʻe āpau o ka waihona wai ʻaʻole ia he mākua, akā larva nalo... ʻO kēia kekahi o nā ʻano kolohe o nā mea ola e noho ana i nā loko wai.
ʻAʻole hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻāʻī nui e like me ka ʻokiʻoki i ka mea pio, akā me kā lākou kōkua ua paʻa ka larva i kāna pahu e like me nā ticks. Ma o lākou e hele mai ai kahi mea ʻona loa mai ka esophagus o ka mea ʻino, kahi e hopena ai i ka maʻi lōlō i ka mea pio.
ʻO ka ʻāpana aʻe o ke kumuwaiwai, i kipaku ʻia mai ka esophagus, decomposes nā aʻa o ka mea i hōʻeha ʻia i kahi moku e like me ka jelly, a hoʻomaka ka larva e omo i kēia lāʻau. Loaʻa iā ia kahi makemake nui a hoʻomaka hou i ka hopu holoholona ke ʻai ʻo ia. ʻO ka mea hoihoi, ʻo ka meaʻai no ka larva wale nō ka mea neʻe, ʻaʻole hoʻouka ka larva i nā mea paʻa.
ʻO nā beetles i hoʻohālikelike ʻia e like me ka lawa ʻole e like me kā lākou larva. ʻO nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, nā ʻūlū, nā ʻai a me nā mea kolo ʻē aʻe ʻaʻole kahi papa inoa piha o ka mea a ka nalo e ʻai ai... Hiki i kahi beetle pōloli ke hoʻonohonoho i kahi hoʻouka kaua i nā rana a me kahi iʻa, nona ka nui kokoke i 10 knm. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole hiki i kahi nalo wale keʻaʻa iā ia.
Akā ʻo ka iʻa ʻeha i huki i nāʻauʻau kai ʻē aʻe e ka ʻala o kona koko, a laila kū ka hoʻouka ma ke ʻano he hui. ʻAʻole pepehi nā beetles i kā lākou pahu, akā e hoʻāʻo e ʻai ola, ʻūlū i nā ʻāpana.
Hiki i kahi helu nui o nā beetle ke kumu i ka hōʻino nui ʻana i nā lehulehu iʻa i loko o nā kino wai. Ola luʻu nalo a me ka palai i loko o kahi wai wai, kahi e alakaʻi ai i ka nalo piha ʻana o ka iʻa, ʻoiai e ʻai ʻia ka ʻai e nā holoholona insatiable.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Nalo nalo - insect oviparous, like me nā coleoptera he nui. Me nā lā mahana mua, ke mahana ka wai i loko o nā waihona wai, haʻalele ka beetles i kahi hoʻoilo a hoʻomaka e nānā i nā kino o ka wai kahi e hiki ai ke moʻo. Ma muli o ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa ma lalo o ka wai, hoʻopau pinepine ia no ka wahine.
Koho i kahi wahine kūpono, kau ka kāne ma kona kua, hoʻopaʻa iā ia iho i ka papa paheʻe. ʻElua mau kīʻaha omo e waiho ana ma nā wāwae mua e kōkua iā ia i kēia. Eia kekahi, hoʻolilo ka wahine i ka hana moena holoʻokoʻa ma lalo o ka wai, a ʻo kāna hoa, aia ma luna, ua hiki ke hanu. Kōkua ka piko o ka ʻōpū e kū ma luna o ka ʻili o ka wai iā ia.
ʻO ke kūpaʻa ma mua o ka hele ʻana a hoʻomau ke kaʻina iho no ka manawa lōʻihi ma mua o ka maʻa ʻana o ka ʻeneto me ka hanu ʻole. No kēia kumu, kū aʻe nā hanana i ka lawa ʻole o ka ea o ka hoa, a make ʻo ia. Hiki paha kēia i ka wā e male ai ka wahine me kekahi mau kāne i ka lālani.
Inā hala ka hana me ka ʻole o nā mea ʻoluʻolu ʻole, hoʻopili ka wahine i ka paʻa i nā koʻokoʻo o nā mea kanu, kuʻi iā lākou no kēia me ka ovipositor, a ʻo kekahi ma hope o ka hoʻomoe ʻana o nā hua i laila. Hiki i kekahi ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke hoʻopili a i hoʻokahi haneli hua, a ʻo ka nui o 5 mm ka nui. Hoʻolālā o ka nalo wai - ʻaʻole wikiwiki ka hana. E ʻike ʻia nā ʻūlū ma hope o 2-5 mau pule wale nō, kaukaʻi ʻia i ke ʻano o ka wā a me ka mahana o ka wai.
Hiki i ka pīpī luʻu i ka pae larval a i 2 mau mahina, a laila puka i waho o ka wai a hoʻomaka e neʻe i ka ʻāina e ʻeli i kahi lua nona iho e pīpī. E kū mai ka nalo makua mai ka pupa i 20-35 mau lā. E noho ʻo ia ma kahi o hoʻokahi pule i loko o kāna lua, ke kali a hiki i ka paʻakikī ʻana o kona uhi, a laila e hele ʻo ia e ʻimi wai.
Noho nā pepelu ma ka awelika no hoʻokahi makahiki i ka nāhelehele. ʻO ka poʻe makemake e waiho i kahi nalo i loko o kahi aquarium home hiki ke hilinaʻi iā ia e noho i loko o 2-3 mau makahiki.
ʻIkepili Hoihoi
Manaʻo ʻia koho ʻia e ka mea ʻauʻau i ka poʻe nāwaliwali a maʻi hoʻi o ka loko iʻa i mea hōʻeha no ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi, he ʻoiaʻiʻo. ʻAʻole hōʻike ka nalo i ka inaina i ke kanaka i ʻike iā ia iho i ka loko wai like. Akā ʻehaʻeha loa ka nahu no kekahi kanaka.
E hala paha ka ʻeha ʻoi loa e pili pū me ka nahu ma hope o kekahi manawa, akā kū ka pehu ma ka pūnaewele i nahu ʻia, a nalo loa ma hope o 14-20 mau lā. Pono e holoi ʻia kahi ʻeha, mālama ʻia me nā mea disinfectants, kāʻei ʻia a hana ʻia me kahi kaomi anu.
ʻO ka hapanui pinepine, hoʻonāukiuki nā beetles i ka poʻe e hoʻāʻo nei e hopu a kiʻi iā lākou. Ma ka home, ʻaʻole koi ka poʻe loea i ka mālama ʻana i kahi nīʻau ʻauʻau a me nā iʻa hoʻonaninani i loko o ka aquarium like, no ka mea e hoʻouka ka predator iā lākou a hiki ke hōʻeha nui iā lākou.
