Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
ʻO Garshnep kahi manu liʻiliʻi o ka ʻohana snipe, like i ke ʻano me ka manu liʻiliʻi. Hiki i ke kino o ka manu ke piʻi i 20 knm, ʻo ke kaulike kaulike 20-30 g, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o ka specimen "nui" ma mua o 43 g. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi o ka manu e lilo ia i pahu i makemake ʻia i nā haʻuki haʻuki.
Noho ka hornet ma kahi ākea, kahi e neʻe ai i kona mau wāwae pōkole. ʻO ka nuku elongated, hiki i kahi lōʻihi o 3-4 cm, kūʻē i nā kūlike āpau o ke ʻano o ke kino. ʻO 30% kēia o ka lōʻihi o ke kino.
He kala maikaʻi ʻole ka plumage ʻaʻole e loli i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa. Ke nānā pono nei ke kaha kiʻi a he kūlike ia o nā kaha melemele a me nā ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele. Ma ka pali, e hoʻomaka ana mai ke poʻo ponoʻī, aia kahi kaha melemele-ʻōmaʻomaʻo e hoʻokaʻawale ana i ke kino i ʻelua hapa.
ʻEleʻele nā hulu poʻo me nā kaha melemele liʻiliʻi. Me he mea lā he pāpale ma kou poʻo. Hele aʻe kahi ʻāpana pouli ma waena o nā ʻūlū uila. Hoʻopau ke poʻo poʻo me ka palena pouli. Aloha ʻo Garshnep e omo i kona ʻāʻī. Me he mea ʻole paha o ke poʻo a pili pono i ke kino.
Keokeo ka lalo o ka umauma a me ka ʻōpū. Ke hoʻohuli nei i nā ʻaoʻao ma nā ʻaoʻao, lawe ke kala i ka ʻālohilohi fawn. Ma kahi kokoke i ka huelo, lilo ka waihoʻoluʻu i pouli, ma ke kumu loa ʻeleʻele ia me kahi aniani poni. Loaʻa i ka hiʻu 12 mau hulu kāhili e hana i ka hoʻokele. ʻO ka lua waena ka lōʻihi loa a ʻeleʻele. ʻEleʻele nā huluhulu ʻaoʻao me kahi lau ʻulaʻula.
ʻAno palaualelo ka manu, lele wale ke pono. ʻO ka neʻe ʻana o nā ʻeheu e like me ka lele ʻana o nā opeapea. ʻO Garshnep hilahila ʻole. ʻAʻohe kumu o nā kani a kahi kamaʻāina ʻole e makaʻu ai i ka hulu.
Me kahi pilikia e hiki mai ana, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻo ia i ke kūlana no ka manawa lōʻihi a hemo kūpono ma lalo o nā wāwae o ka mea ʻimi holoholona. Lawa wale ka lewa e hoʻololi i kahi. Hana ʻia kēia mau mea āpau me ka leo ʻole. He manu hāmau ʻo Garshnep, a hiki i kona leo ke lohe wale ʻia i ka wā hānau.
Nā ʻano
He manu hoʻokahi ʻo Garshnep a ʻaʻohe ona ʻāpana. Ma waho, he ʻano like ia me kekahi mau ʻohana mai ka ʻohana snipe nui. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻike ʻia ka like i ke kala o ka hulu me ke kala o ka snipe wahie. ʻO Garshnepa i loko o ke kiʻi huikau kekahi me ia.
Ma waho aʻe o ko lākou hiʻohiʻona, loaʻa like kēia mau manu i ke ʻano o ka lawena. Makemake nā ʻelele ʻelua e huki i ka ʻāʻī, me he mea lā e hūnā ana i ka plumage o ka umauma. Me he mea ʻole ʻole o nā manu, a puka koke ke poʻo mai ke kino.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
Ke ola nei ʻo Garshnep i nā wahi pohō pulu, kanu nui ʻia me ka mauʻu a me nā laʻalāʻau. ʻO ka wahi kūpono e loaʻa ai nā pūnana hona i loko o ka limu wai. ʻO ka manawa pinepine, hiki ke loaʻa kahi manu i hoʻolōʻihi ʻia i ka lihi o kahi ululāʻau a i ʻole ma nā wahi i kua ʻia nā lāʻau i lalo o nā kahawai a me nā loko. I kēia hihia, pono e pala ka mea kanu, hoʻokaumaha. ʻO kahi punahele kahi ulu birch, kahi e hoʻopiha ʻia ai nā kumu lāʻau i ka wai.
No kēia ʻano lunamakaʻāinana. ʻO nā panalāʻau e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me ka roughnep nā latitude ʻākau o ka honua. I ke kauwela, noho lākou i ka Scandinavian Peninsula, taiga, tundra a me ka ululāʻau-tundra. ʻO nā wahi nui o ka noho ʻana ma nā wahi ʻo Tver, Kirov, Yaroslavl. ʻIke pinepine ʻia lākou ma nā moku ʻo Leningrad a me Smolensk. ʻO nā panalāʻau punahele nā ʻaumakū o nā kahawai a me nā loko iʻa kolo.
Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke anuanu, hele aku kahi hoahānau o ka snipe i nā wahi mehana ma ʻEulopa Komohana, Sepania, Palani, Central a me ʻApelika Hema, ʻaʻole makemake ʻo Mesopotamia Garshnep i ka nui o nā manu, no laila, alakaʻi ia i kahi nohona kaʻawale. Aia wale nō i kēia au hiki ke hoʻuluʻulu ʻia i mau pūʻā liʻiliʻi.
Alakaʻi i kahi nohona pō, me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke ahiahi, hoʻomaka i nā hana hana i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai. Aia kona papa kuhikuhi i nā ʻenuhe, nā ʻenelo pepeke, nā mollusks. Me kona nuku lōʻihi, huki ka ʻume iā lākou mai ka honua. ʻAʻole i aʻo pono nā Ornithologists i ka lawena o ka hornbeam ma muli o kāna hūnā.
ʻO nā wahi punahele o ka noho ʻana, nā mānoanoa a me nā huluhulu. ʻAʻole pane iki ʻo Garshnep i nā predators a i ʻole ka poʻe. I ka manawa wale nō o ka weliweli kiʻekiʻe loa ke lawe ia mai kahi wahi e lele haʻahaʻa ai ma luna o ka honua a pae i kahi mamao. I ka manawa like, lele mālie ia, me he mea lā e ʻulupā ana.
Meaʻai kūpono
ʻImi lākou i nā manu liʻiliʻi. ʻO kēia nā larvae, midges, bugs, insect, spider, liʻiliʻi crustacean, molluscs. Ke hele nei i nā mea kanu wai, e luʻu ana i ko lākou mau wāwae i ka hapalua o ka wai, e like lākou me nā keiki ʻona, e ʻimi nei i meaʻai na lākou. I ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, ʻeli ka mea ʻino me kona nuku i ka lepo, i ke one. A i kekahi manawa hiki ke luʻu ma lalo o ka wai.
Mai ka mea kanu mea kanu, koho lākou i nā ʻanoʻano o nā mea kanu mākō, kā lākou lau. ʻO ka Horsetail, ka sedge, ʻohe - lawelawe nā mea kanu ʻaʻole wale ma ke ʻano he meaʻai, akā he mea no ka hana ʻana o nā pale.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
I ka wā hānau, hipa nā harlequins i mau holoholona liʻiliʻi. Hoʻohoho lākou i ka wahine i ka lele, e hana ana i nā leo e like me ka haki ʻana o nā ʻoka. Hoʻomaka ka wā male i Pepeluali a mau ʻo ʻApelila. I ke ahiahi a i ka pō, hele aku ke kāne i kahi kiʻekiʻe a i ʻelua haneli mau mika, e hele pū ana me kāna lele me nā leo ʻano nui, ʻoiai e hana ana i kahi hiʻohiʻona.
Ke hele nei ka hāʻule wikiwiki, akā ʻaʻole wikiwiki, i kahi ʻōwili. I ka lele ʻana, hoʻopuka ia i kahi ʻano o ke kani ʻana o ke kani. Hui pū nā leo āpau i hoʻokahi kaʻina. I ka wā o ka iho, hou ka hornbeam i nā "trill" a ʻekolu mau manawa.
E iho i kahi mamao o 30 m i ka honua, a laila hele hou i ka pōʻai aʻe, a i ʻole noho i nā lālā o nā kumulāʻau. ʻO ka leo o ke kāne i ka wā o ka male ʻana he ikaika loa ia, hiki ke lohe ʻia i kahi mamao a 500 m.
Koho ka wahine i kāna hoa. Ke hoʻokumu ʻia kahi pālua, hoʻomaka nā manu e kūkulu i ka pūnana. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ia ma kahi pohopoho, ulu nui ʻia me ka horsetail a me nā wahi sedge o ka ʻāina kokoke i nā kahawai. Hana ʻia ka wahi pūnana ma kahi hummock i ʻole e komo ka wai i loko. Ma ka ʻaoʻao luna o nā puʻupuʻu, huki ʻia kahi puka, waiho ʻia ka limu a me ka mauʻu maloʻo ma laila.
Hoʻomoe ka wahine i nā hua manu mai ka mua o Iune a i waena o Iulai. Hoʻokahi manu e hana mai ʻekolu a ʻelima mau hua, kēlā me kēia a i ʻekolu kenimika ka nui, akā i kekahi manawa ua piʻi kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona i ka nui o 4 cm. ʻO ke ʻano o ka hua manu me kahi pea me kahi luna ʻalani a me ka ʻaoʻao pouli me nā ʻulaʻula.
Hana wale ka wahine i ka hānau hānau. Noho ʻo ia i ka pūnana no 23-27 mau lā. I nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole o ka wā, hoʻonui paha ka wā i 30 mau lā. Ma hope o ka hatching, ʻo nā moa ma hope o ka hebedoma ʻekolu e hoʻāʻo e haʻalele i ka pūnana a ʻimi i nā meaʻai na lākou iho. Ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina, hopu ka moa me ko lākou mau mākua i ka nui.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Aia ka heluna nui loa o ka ʻāina ma ka Scandinavian Peninsula a ma ka nuku o ka muliwai Kolyma. I kēlā me kēia makahiki ka ulu ʻana o ka helu o ʻino. Ma Iapana, i ka ʻokoʻa, ua hoʻohuli ʻia ke kaʻina hana. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā manu i ke kenekulia i hala ma mua o kēia manawa.
Ma Rūsia, i kekahi mau wahi, ua helu ʻia ka ʻino ma ka Red Book. Ma ʻEulopa, eia nō naʻe ka pāpā ʻia o ke kī ʻana i nā manu ma nā wahi āpau. ʻAʻole ʻae ka manu ʻaʻa i ke pio. Inā waiho ʻia i loko o kahi pā, e pau ia i ka hoʻonui ʻana a laila mae wale a pau loa.
Akā kekahi poʻe, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē, waiho i ko lākou wahi maoli, hoʻonui i ko lākou ola i ke pio ʻana i 10 mau makahiki. Mālama ʻia kēia e ka palekana, kaʻai pono kūpono, a me nā kūlana hōʻoluʻolu.
ʻAʻole maikaʻi ka hānau ʻana o kēia ʻano ʻohana snipe. ʻAʻole noho nā manu i nā hīnaʻi, a ʻaʻole hiki ke hana i kahi i pā ʻia. ʻAi wale lākou i ka meaʻai kūlohelohe, ʻaʻole kūpono i nā meaʻai kāhuna. ʻAʻole kūpono nā kumukūʻai o ka hana ʻana iā lākou iho ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo i hoʻokahi kino make.
ʻImi holoholona ʻo Harshnep
I ka hopena o ke kau, haʻalele ka hapa nui o nā ʻano snipe i nā kahawai. E hāʻawi wale kahi ʻāpana ʻoi loa i kahi leʻaleʻa maoli e hele wāwae me kāu ʻīlio aloha ma waena o ka poho a hoʻopiha i ka hoihoi haʻuki a ka mea ʻimi holoholona.
I loko o ke kūpale, manaʻo pakahi ka ʻope. ʻAʻole ʻaʻa kēlā me kēia hahai holoholona e hele ma waena o nā wahi pohō e ʻimi nei i kahi pio. A ʻaʻole nānā pinepine nā holoholona i nā kahawai. Hoʻonohonoho kahi manu i nā mānoanoa mānoanoa nona iho i kahi pō a me kahi puʻuhonua ma kahi hoʻokahi, a ma aneʻi e loaʻa ai ka meaʻai.
ʻAʻole lele lōʻihi ʻo Garshnep. ʻOi aku ka nui ma ka honua, no laila ke holo nei lākou i ka makaʻu i ke kuʻi i ka maka o ka mea ʻimi holoholona. Ke haʻalele nei a pae koke, hiki ke lilo i mea pio wikiwiki. ʻO ka hoihoi kaʻiʻo moa momona, i manaʻo ʻia he mea ʻono.
ʻAʻohe kani iki ka manu a paʻakikī e loaʻa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolilo i ka manawa i ka huli ʻana akā ʻaʻole ʻoe e loaʻa ka hopena. No ke alualu holomua, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e nīnau i nā kamaʻāina e pili ana i ke kū ʻana o kahi manu i kahi kikoʻī. A i ʻole hoʻolilo i hoʻokahi lā a i ʻole ʻelua e ʻike ai i nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka holoholona i loko o ka ʻāpana ʻimi holoholona
Ma waho aʻe o ka pū no ʻalihi hihi pono ʻoe e hoʻāhu ma nā binoculars. Liʻiliʻi ka manu, kākaʻikahi ka hele ʻana, i ka maha hoʻomaha loa me ka ʻāina. E kōkua nā Binocular iā ʻoe e hoʻopaʻa pono i ka ʻāina a ʻike i nā mea no nā ipu o ka wā e hiki mai ana.
He heluna liʻiliʻi ko ka manu. ʻOiai ma kekahi o nā wahi i helu ʻia i ka puke ʻulaʻula. Ke ʻimi nei i nā pepeiaohao i ka wā puna, i ka wā o kēia manawa, pāpā ʻia. Hoʻomaka ka wā hahai holoholona i ka hopena o ke kauwela a paʻa a haʻalele nā manu. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e alualu i ka wā mālie, malie.
I kēia manawa, maʻalahi ka ʻike ʻana i ka pepeiaohao i ka lele. I ka makani ikaika, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hana. I ka wā o ka lele, lele ke kani o ka pepeiaohao e like me ka butterfly, a hoʻolei ka makani i ka makani mai kahi ʻaoʻao a kahi ʻaoʻao, hoʻopilikia loa i ka hana. ʻIke nā Hunters pono lākou e hopu i kahi manu i ka manawa ke lele ʻo ia i ka lewa ma mua o ka lele ʻana i ka makani.
ʻIkepili Hoihoi
- Manu ʻo Hornbeam ʻo ka mea liʻiliʻi loa i waena o ka poʻe mākō, akā i ka manawa like ʻoi loa ka wiwo ʻole. No ia, ʻaʻohe ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā holoholona hihiu a me kahi ʻīlio hahai holoholona. Hōʻoluʻolu ʻo ia i kēlā a me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, pale maʻalahi i ka pilikia.
- ʻO ka huaʻōlelo "garshnep" i ka unuhi manaʻo "sandpiper huluhulu".
- Ma ka honua, neʻe ka peʻa i luna a i lalo. Mai ka ʻaoʻao ke ʻano he ʻōlapa mau ʻo ia.
- ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hale karasa ma kahi o 1400-2000 mau mika ma luna o ka pae kai.
- Ua hoʻolei ʻia ka nani lūlū i ʻelua mau manawa i ka makahiki: ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kau male a ma hope o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ka pōhaku.
- Hoʻomaka ke kanikau o nā kāne o ka ʻino i ka hōʻea ʻana i kahi hou. ʻAʻohe o kēlā me kēia kanaka panalāʻau, no laila lele ka manu ma kahi o kekahi mau kilomika kilomika. I ka manawa wale nō e ʻimi ai i wahine wahine e piʻi ka pepeiaohao ma luna o ka honua a paʻakikī e ʻike iā ia ma o nā binoculars hoʻi. E iho i lalo i lalo i kahi alahele, ʻaʻole i hiki i ka honua, lele hou i luna, hoʻokuʻu i nā kani kani.
- He mea hana leo leo kā ka manu. Me kahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi leo o garshnip lohe ʻia i ka wā o kēia i kahi mamao o a i ʻelima haneli mau mika.
- Hoʻolālā nā ʻohana o ka snipe i kā lākou pāʻani moena i nā lā ʻōpua a mālie a mālie paha.
