Ma waena o ka nui o nā ʻano pi, aia kekahi e lawe ʻole i ka meli. ʻAʻohe meli - ʻaʻohe pōmaikaʻi, no laila he nui ka poʻe ʻike ʻole i ka manaʻo o kēia ʻelala kamahaʻo. Makehewa. Pipi kamana ʻaʻole huki i ka meli, ʻokoʻa i ka helehelena a me ka lawena, akā naʻe, hoʻonāukiuki ka hoihoi i waena o nā hānai hānai. A ʻo ia ke kumu.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, ʻike ka ʻepekema ma mua o 20 tausani mau ʻano meli. I loko o kēia heluna helu o nā kolo, noho ka nalo meli i kahi wahi kūikawā. ʻO Xylocopa poni ka inoa kūhelu o kēia ʻenekia. Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, paʻakikī e noʻonoʻo iā ia, akā pi piʻo kamana ma ke kiʻi kupaianaha ke nānā aku.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiwahiwa o ia mai kāna mau hoa i ke kala o kona kino a me nā ʻeheu. ʻEleʻele ke kino o ka nalo meli, a ʻulaʻula uliuli nā ʻeheu me kahi aniani poni. Uhi ʻia ka nalo meli e nā huluhulu ʻeleʻele pōkole. ʻEleʻele hoʻi ka ʻumiʻumi, akā ma loko he ʻulaʻula kona ʻano.
Hoʻokomo pū ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona kikoʻī i nā wāwae shaggy a me nā ā nui, a hiki i ka hiki ke wili i nā mea ikaika. Pipi kamana maʻamau koho mau e like me kona home a lāʻau paha, a i ʻole nā mea āpau i hana ʻia i ka lāʻau.
ʻOhi ka pi i ka pollen a pollinates i nā mea kanu i kekahi mau manawa ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā mea lele lele ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai he mānoanoa ka lauoho o kona mau wāwae. Akā inā ua noho kahi ʻenekia ma kahi o kahi noho o ke kanaka, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e manaʻo i kahi maikaʻi. Hiki ke hōʻino mau ʻia nā kumulāʻau a me nā lako hale.
ʻO ka mea e mahalo ai, kū ka nui o ka bee kamana mai ke koena o nā pi. ʻO kona awelika o ka lōʻihi ma kahi o 2.5 mau kenimika. Hiki i nā kānaka nunui i 3 kenimika. ʻO kēia nui ke nānā aku i ka ʻenekini e like me ka bumblebee a i kahi lele nui. Maʻalahi loa e hoʻoholo aia kahi pi ma kahi kokoke, ʻoiai nā ʻeheu, ʻoiai ʻaʻole nui i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me ke kino, hana nui a hoʻopuka i kahi kani nui.
He mea pono ke hoʻomaopopo ʻana ʻaʻole e hoʻouka wale kahi nī meli kamana i ke kanaka me ke kumu ʻole. Ma ke ʻano he ʻano laha, ʻaʻole ikaika loa lākou. Wahi a ka wahine wale nō. akā ʻūlū pi na kamana akahele ʻO ka nahu ʻana, hoʻomoe nā insect i ka lāʻau make i loko o ka ʻeha. Hoʻonāukiuki ia i ka edema nui, i hiki ke hala i ʻelima mau lā. Hoʻopili ka lāʻau make i ka ʻōnaehana hopohopo kanaka.
ʻO nā hopena e like me ka haʻalulu makaʻu ka mea maʻamau ke nahu ʻia. He mea pono e makaʻala - he ʻeha ka nalo meli i ka ʻāʻī no nā kānaka a me nā holoholona, e like me ka pehu ʻana o ka hanu hanu. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka oxygen a hiki i ka make ke hana i loko o nā minuke ke nānā ʻole ʻia ke olakino olakino.
Nā ʻano
ʻO Xylocopa kahi pi piʻo loa. Ua ola ia ma mua o ka lāhui hou a ua manaʻo ʻia he ʻano "fossil ola". Loaʻa i nā ʻepekema nā ʻano he 700 a ʻoi. Noho ka nalo meli kamana i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka honua. I ka laulā o ʻAmelika, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kahi subspecies kupaianaha, i ʻeleʻele loa i ke kala.
ʻOi aku ka nui o lākou ma mua o ko lākou mau hoahānau Lūkia a ʻano hakakā loa lākou. ʻO nā hihia o kēia pi e hoʻouka nei i nā kānaka e hoʻopaʻa pinepine ʻia. E ʻohiʻohi pollen kamana pi ʻeleʻele haʻalele ʻelua i ka lā - i ka wanaʻao a me ke ahiahi, me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pō.
Ma nā panalāʻau o ʻEulopa, ʻike ʻia nā nī meli kamana ma Kelemania. ʻO ka mea kupaianaha, ʻano pale ʻole kēia ʻano laha i nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole. He pale ikaika lākou. ʻO ka ʻāina ʻino loa a weliweli hoʻi - ʻApelika, loaʻa kona ʻano ʻano kolo. Loaʻa ʻia ia ma Tunisia a me Algeria.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona kahi pālahalaha, ʻōpū ākea a me kahi ʻumiʻumi lōʻihi, ma kahi o 6 millimeter. ʻO ka pi kākana ʻApelika he mea hoʻokūkū a weliweli loa ia, ma ke ʻano, e like me nā holoholona āpau o ka ʻāina. Eia hou, ʻo ka pi, ua ʻeha, ʻehaʻeha i kāna mea i hōʻeha ʻia me propolis, kahi paʻakikī loa e holoi i ka ʻili a me nā lole.
Hiki ke hōʻeha i nā hopena maʻi maʻi. Pono ʻoe e akahele loa, kāpae i ka nalo meli a i ʻole hihia e hoʻonāukiuki iā ia me ka neʻe ʻana o nā lima a me nā wāwae. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo Bumblebees nā bee kamanā.
Manaʻo nui nā ʻepekema he subspecies o xylocope nā bumblebees. Akā he kala melemeleʻeleʻele ko lākou. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻouka kaua he kiʻekiʻe loa. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻouka i nā holoholona ʻelua a me nā kānaka me ka ʻole o ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
ʻO ka nalo kamanā he kolo makemake i kahi aniau mehana. ʻO ia ke kumu i loaʻa ʻole ai ma nā ʻāpana ʻākau a me nā ʻāina ʻo ʻAmelika, kahi e nui ai ka mahana. ʻO nā wahi punahele no ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi noho he steppes a me nā ululāʻau. ʻO ka nui o nā ʻano xylocope e noho ana ma nā ʻaoʻao hema o Lūkia a me Caucasus.
Maliʻa paha kēia wale nō nā ʻano o nā nalo meli e makemake e noho iā lākou iho, me ka hana ʻole ʻana i nā ʻohana liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole lākou e ʻākoakoa i kahi hui a noho pākahi, e koho ana i ko lākou nohona e like me ko lākou makemake. ʻO ka hapanui he mau wahi kēia kahi lāʻau make. Hiki ke loaʻa ka pūnana i loko o ka telegraph a me ka pou uila, i loko o ka hale lāʻau, i nā paia o waho o ka hale, ʻoiai i kahi keʻena kahiko.
Ke koho ʻana i kahi o kahi e noho ai, ʻaʻole alakaʻi iki ʻia ka nalo meli kamana e ke kū ʻana o ka meaʻai. ʻAʻole kēia ka mea nui nona. Loaʻa i nā ʻēheu ikaika, hiki i ka ʻekena ke lele i kahi mamao loa i kēlā me kēia lā e loaʻa ai ka nectar. Hiki i nā kolo paʻa paʻa ke neʻe mai ka home no kahi mamao o 10 mau mile a hoʻi hou.
Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, hoʻomaka ka hana a ka ʻeneto me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā lā mehana mua e kū nei, e hoʻomaka ana a i waena paha o Mei. Lōʻihi ka hoʻolele holoʻokoʻa i nā mahina kauwela a pau i ka hopena o Kepakemapa, ke iho ka mahana i ka pō ma lalo o ʻelima mau kekelē. I nā hihia maʻamau, ʻae ʻia ka wā, bee kamana maʻamau hoʻomau i ka hana i ʻOkakopa.
Meaʻai kūpono
ʻO ka pipi kālena Lila ʻaʻohe ona pono kino kikoʻī. ʻO ia, e like me kona ʻohana āpau, ʻai i ka nectar a me ka pollen. I ka ʻimi ʻana i kahi lawa pono o ka pollen, hele ka nalo meli ma kahi o 60 mau pua i ka lā. ʻO ka acacia a me ka ʻulaʻula ke makemake nui i nā pi, nona nā pua ʻelua a ʻoi ka nui o ka pollen.
Hōʻiliʻili ka nī meli kamana i ka pollen a hoʻohana i kona lawai ponoʻī e hoʻopalupalu ai. Hoʻopili ʻia ka hopena hopena me ka nectar. Mālama ʻia i loko o nā auwai meli kūikawā a lawelawe i mea e pale ai i ka pollen mai ka haki ʻana i nā wā lele lōʻihi.
Aia i ka saliva Bee nā kolone o nā microorganism, e hoʻomaka koke e hana ke komo ka pollen i loko o nā lua. Hoʻomaka ke kaʻina fermentation. Hoʻohuli ia i pollen i loko o ka berena bee i kapa ʻia - bee bere. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Perga e nā pi ʻelemakule makua a me nā keiki hou.
ʻO ka pi, hana i nā keiki, mahalo i nā huna huna, palupalu i ka berena meli a hoʻolilo ia i jelly aliʻi, waiwai i nā minelala a me nā wikamina. Hānai nā larvae iā lākou. ʻO Royal jelly kahi mea waiwai nui a ka poʻe e hoʻohana ai i ka cosmetology a me ka lāʻau.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
ʻO ka pipi kālena Lila ʻaʻole hoʻokipa i ke kaiāulu i kekahi ʻano. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pūnāwai, ʻo ka manawa kēia no nā pi e kiʻi i nā keiki. Koho ka wahine i kahi hūnā malū no ka manawa lōʻihi, mehana a mehana. ʻO ka hapanui pinepine, hāʻule ke koho ma nā kumulāʻau popopo a maloʻo paha, a hoʻomākaukau i kahi pūnana kaʻawale nona iho.
He mau ā ikaika ko ka bees. Me kāna mau āwi ikaika, ʻāwī ka wahine i nā pae maha he nui, i nā tunnels akahai i loko o ka lāʻau pliable. Ma ke ala, no ka hiki ke kūkulu i nā "lumi maha-lumi" i kapa ʻia kēia poʻohiwi "kamana".
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia nā neʻe a ka wahine e hana ai i ka wahie e nā kihi pālahalaha maikaʻi. I kahi kanaka naʻaupō, me he mea lā ua hana ʻia nā lua me kahi drill. I ka wā o ke kūkulu ʻana, hana nā wahine i nā kani uila nui, i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻoholo ai i kona kokoke.
Ke mākaukau ka pūnana pi piʻo wahine hoʻomākaukau i kahi ʻano kūikawā o ka nectar me ka pollen. Hoʻokomo ka wahine i kahi kulu o kēia ʻano i loko o ka lumi, waiho i kahi hua manu i loko ona a pani i ka lumi-puka. ʻO kēlā me kēia pāhele he papahele no ka "lumi" hou. Hiki i ka lōʻihi o kēlā me kēia hahau ke piʻi i 20-30 mau kenimika.
No laila, kau ka pi i nā hua he ʻumi a ʻumikūmālua, a laila hermetically sila i ka puka o ka pūnana. ʻO ka sila ka lāʻau i kāwili ʻia me ka lawehala pi. ʻO ka hui ʻana o ka nectar he meaʻai maikaʻi loa ia no nā lūlū, e ʻike ʻia ma waena o Iune.
ʻO ka kulu hoʻokahi i ʻohi ʻia e ka wahine ua lawa ia no ka larva a hiki i ke kauwela, ke lilo ia i pi ʻōpio ikaika. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻaʻole mau ka manawa hoʻomohala o nā larvae i nā manawa like. ʻO nā kāne ke hiki mua i ka makahiki i makemake ʻia. I ka pūnana, aia lākou kokoke i ka puka. No laila, i ka manawa o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wela, ua lilo nā larvae āpau i mau mākua.
I ka mua, ma hope o ka hoʻomoe ʻana i nā hua manu, kiaʻi ka pī me ka lili i kāna pūnana, a ma hope o kekahi mau pule e haʻalele mau loa ia iā ia. I ke kau, ʻike ʻia nā ʻōpio i ka paʻa, ʻaʻole i haʻalele koke i ko lākou wahi e hoʻomaha ai, akā noho mau i loko a hiki i ka puna, e loaʻa ana ka ikaika. Me ka hōʻea ʻana mai o nā lā mehana, ʻūmū nā pi ʻōpio ma o nā pāheʻe a hoʻopuehu.
No ka wahine, me ka hōʻea ʻana o ka lau, ua make a i ʻole hibernates ʻo ia a hoʻomaka hou i kāna pōʻai ola i ke kau aʻe. ʻO ka mea hoihoi, ʻaʻole hibernate nā pi. Hoʻopili paʻa lākou i ko lākou mau hale mai loko a hibernate ʻoiai e ala ana. ʻO kā lākou meaʻai i kēia wā he meli a me ka nectar i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i ka wā kauwela hana. ʻAʻole pūliki pū nā meli kamana, e like me nā ʻohana.
ʻO ka mea hoihoi, ʻo nā pūnana i hana ʻia e nā wahine, he mea ʻole. Hoʻohana hou a nui nā bee hou iā lākou. Hiki i kahi pūnana ke hale i nā hanauna he ʻumi o nā bee kamanamana a haʻalele wale ʻia ma hope o ka hōʻino ʻana o ka wahie.
ʻIkepili Hoihoi
ʻAʻole e hāʻawi i nā beekeepers a puni ka honua i kā lākou hoʻāʻo ʻana e hoʻopaʻa i ka nalo kamana, e hoʻolilo iā ia i pi maʻamau e lawe mai i ka meli. Inā kū kēia, e loaʻa i nā beekeepers a puni ka honua i kahi nalo meli ʻokoʻa e invulnerable ʻaneʻane.
Akā ʻaʻole i hāʻawi nā hoʻāʻo āpau i nā hopena: hoʻomōhala ka pi a ola ola wale nō i kona wahi maoli. He mea waiwai nō kēia ʻano mea no ka mea hiki iā ia ke hana ʻeleu a hiki i nā wā ʻino maikaʻi ʻole. ʻAʻole hiki i ka ua a me ka makani ke pale aku i ka nalo kamana mai ka lanakila ʻana i kahi mamao loa a kiʻi i ka pollen.
He kūlana ko ka bee ma ke ʻano "loner". ʻAʻoleʻoiaʻiʻo maoli kēia. ʻOiai ʻo ka ola ʻokoʻa o kēlā me kēia, mālama mau kēlā me kēia i nā pilina me ke koena o nā pi. Loaʻa kēia i ke ʻano hānau. I hoʻokahi panalāʻau, ma ke ʻano he rula, aia he ʻelima a ʻeono mau wahine a hoʻokahi kāne, ka mea e pale aku i kona ʻāina.
Ke kū mai kahi wahine hou i kāna zona, piʻi ke kāne i kahi kiʻekiʻe loa a hoʻomaka e hana i kahi leo nui, e ʻumeʻume i ka manaʻo o ka mea hou. Inā ʻaʻohe hopena o ka buzzing ikaika, hiki i ke kāne ke piʻi i kāna pūnana a hoʻi. Hana ʻo ia i kēia i nā manawa he nui e pono ai i ka mea i koho ʻia e nānā iā ia.
Inā ʻike ʻoe i kēia pi i loko o kou home, pono e lawe i nā ana e pono ai. Akā ʻo ka mea mua, pono e wehewehe inā bee kamana i ka puke ʻulaʻula ʻaʻole paha... ʻO nā ʻike hou loa mai nā ʻepekema e hōʻike nei ke emi wikiwiki nei ka heluna kanaka o kēia mau kānaka kū hoʻokahi.
No ka loaʻa ʻana o ka nohona o nā nalo meli, aia kekahi mau ʻike e noʻonoʻo ai:
- kahi maloʻo kahi maloʻo maloʻo;
- no ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi pūnana, koho wale ka mea kolo i nā mea kūlohelohe, no laila ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e nānā no kahi pepelu, no ka laʻana, i nā lako i mālama ʻia me nā pena a me nā varnish;
- kiaʻi i nā neʻe ʻana o ka nalo meli i ka wā puna ke ʻimi nei nā pepeke ʻōpio i kahi e kūkulu ai i kā lākou pūnana ponoʻī.
Inā loaʻa, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻopau loa i nā kolo. Ua lawa ka "kipaku" ʻana iā lākou i waho o ko lākou mau home me ka penehine, nā mea ʻona mahiʻai a i ʻole ka wai maʻamau. Hiki nō hoʻi ke sila i nā puka āpau o ka pūnana. ʻO kekahi ala hoihoi e mālama i ka pūnana a me nā ʻili a puni me nā citrus extract.
ʻO Lemon, bergamot, lime, ʻalani e hana. E akahele i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kemika. E hoʻohana i nā pono pale. E pale lākou iā ʻoe mai nā kemika a me ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o ka nalo meli huhū.
