Echidna - he holoholona kupaianaha e hoʻohui i kekahi ʻano o nā māmela. Ma waho, he like ia me ka porcupine, a i kona ʻano o ke ola - kahi anteater a me kahi platypus.
Ka wehewehe a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka echidna
ʻO Echidna ma ka kiʻi bear like me ka porcupine ma muli o kona kua kua a me ka huelo liʻiliʻi. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole lōʻihi kona spines a brownish-melemele i ke kala. Lulu ka pale lole o ka holoholona, he ʻeleʻele kona, e ʻāpono ai ia e hui me ka lepo pouli a me nā lau hāʻule.
Hana ʻia nā spines i keratin a puha i loko. ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o ka echidna i ka hapalua mika ka lōʻihi, a hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia kona kaumaha me kahi pōpoki makua - a i 8 kg. ʻO nā paws pōkole pōkole e hana i ka hele wāwae o ka holoholona, akā ʻauʻau maikaʻi ka echidna. He mau manamana ko nā lālā e kōkua ai e luku i nā anthills, nā puʻu o ka rayite, e wāwahi i ka ʻili mai nā kumu lāʻau, e ʻeli i nā lua no ka pale a me ka hiamoe.
He mau manamana lōʻihi loloa ko nā wāwae hope, me ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka echidna i ka lauoho ma waena o nā kuamoʻo. Loaʻa i nā kāne i kahi spur spective ma kā lākou pelvic lala. Ua manaʻo ʻia kēia spur i loko o ka lāʻau make, akā ua kuhi hewa kēia.
He elelo lōʻihi a lahilahi ka echidna i uhi ʻia me nā niho
Hoʻolālā maikaʻi ʻole ʻia ka hihiʻo a hilinaʻi ka holoholona i ka lohe a me ka pilau. Hiki i nā pepeiao weliweli o ka echidna ke kiʻi i nā kani o nā mea kolo liʻiliʻi ma lalo o ka honua a i loko o nā lāʻau i hina. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o ka echidna a me nā māmela ʻē aʻe ke alo o kahi cloaca, ma nā manu a me nā amphibians.
Liʻiliʻi ke poʻo a hui pono i ke kino. ʻAʻohe o ka ʻāʻī e haʻi i ka ʻāʻī. ʻO ka nuku ke nānā aku e like me ka paipu me kahi elelo lōʻihi a paʻa e like me ka anteater (a 25 cm). Ua nalo nā niho, akā ua hoʻololi ʻia lākou e nā niho keratin a me ka pākaha paʻakikī, kahi e hamo ʻia ai ka meaʻai.
Nā ʻano echidna
ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ka ʻohana echidnova. Māhele ʻia ia i ʻelua hanauna: echidna maoli a me prochidna. Aia ke kolu o ka genus, akā manaʻo ʻia ua make - Megalibgwilla. ʻO ka zoologist nāna i wehewehe mua i ka echidna, ma muli o ka like o ke ʻano o ka waha a me ke alelo, ua koho ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻano anteater.
ʻO nā ʻūlū mua o ka echidna ka lako me nā māiʻuo ikaika e ʻeli ai ka echidna i ka lepo
Ma hope o ke aʻo ʻana i ka holoholona, ua hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe ʻepekema i ka holoholona ma ke ʻano he ʻohana kaʻawale. ʻO ka echidna Australia wale nō nā vipers maoli. He ʻelima ona ʻāpana, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ko lākou wahi noho.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
Auila a me nā ʻano echidna i ko lākou nohona kūlohelohe e pili ana i nā kumu he nui. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana nā ʻano ponoʻī a me kahi nohona. Pili ka hana a ka holoholona i ke aniau a me ka ʻāina. Ke ola nei ʻo Echidna ma ka moku ʻAukekulelia, nā mokupuni ʻo Papua New Guinea, Tasmania, a me nā panalāʻau o Indonesia a me nā Pilipino.
Hiki i ka Australian echidna ke hoʻololi i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole. Hiki iā ia ke noho i ka wao nahele mānoanoa, nā ululāʻau a me nā wāwae i kahi e iho ai nā mahana ma lalo o 0.
Ke hiki mai ke kau anuanu, hibernates ka echidna. Mālama kona kino i ka momona, i hiki ai iā ia ke ola i ka nele i ka meaʻai. ʻAʻole pono ka hibernation no ka holoholona. I ke aniau mālie a i ke komo mau ʻana i ka meaʻai, alakaʻi ka echidna i kahi ola maʻamau.
I ka loaʻa ʻole o kāna meaʻai maʻamau i ke ʻano o nā mea kolo liʻiliʻi, hiki i ka māmela ke hele i kahi mamao, me ka wai, me ka ʻole o ka meaʻai. ʻO ka momona i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i ka wā o ka hānai nui e hōʻoia i ke ola a hiki i hoʻokahi mahina.
No ke ola o ka echidna, pono ke alo o ka meaʻai nui, a maʻalahi ka holoholona i nā kūlana o ke kaiapuni a me ka ʻāina.
I ke kau anuanu, hibernates ka echidna
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka lawena o echidna:
- Alakaʻi ka holoholona i kahi nohona malū a makemake e noho ala i ka wanaʻao a i ka pō paha.
- ʻAʻole hoʻokumu i kahi noho paʻa.
- I ka hihia o ka makaʻu, kanu ia iā ia iho i ka lepo, fluffing thorns on the surf. Inā ʻaʻole ʻae ka lepo iā ʻoe e kanu koke, a laila ʻōwili ia i loko o kahi pōpō, e like me nā hedgehogs.
- ʻAʻole hoʻokumu i kahi kāne a makemake i ka mehameha.
- ʻAʻole palena i kāna ʻāina.
- ʻAʻole hakakā i kāna ʻano. I ka hui ʻana, e hoʻopuehu nā ʻāpana ʻelua i nā ʻaoʻao ʻokoʻa.
- Koho ʻo ia i ka lepo palupalu, nā lau, nā māwae a me nā kumulāʻau heleleʻi i wahi e moe ai.
- Ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa o ka mahana o ke kino no ka māmela (a i 33 kekelē), ʻaʻole ia e hoʻomanawanui i ka wela a me ke anuanu. Me kahi hoʻololi nui i nā kūlana anilā, makemake ʻo ia e kali i ka wela i ka malu, a me ke anuanu ikaika i ka hibernation.
I ke aniau aniau, hele ka echidna i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka lā, akā i nā wahi wela a me nā maloʻo ke kali nei i ka wela o ka lā i ka malu o nā kumu lāʻau a me nā pōhaku. I nā mahana maikaʻi ʻole, lilo ka holoholona i lethargic a lohi. I kēia mokuʻāina, ʻaʻole hiki ke hele i waho o nā mea ʻino, no laila peʻe ka holoholona a hiki i ka manawa kūpono.
ʻO ka maʻalahi o ka holoholona maʻalahi e mālama iā ia i ka pio. ʻO Echidna ma Lūkia a ma nā ʻāina ʻē e noho nei i nā zoo. Eia naʻe, hānau ʻo echidna i kahi ʻano hana me ka makemake ʻole.
Meaʻai kūpono
Hānai ʻo Echidna nā pepelu liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka papaʻai nui nā ʻōmole a me nā anaina. Hāʻawi ka mea hakahaka waha i ka elelo lahilahi a palu e komo i loko o ka home o ka pepeke. Me nā meaʻai, nā pōhaku a me ke one e komo i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka holoholona, a pili pū i ka hana digestion. Me nā ants, loaʻa i ka echidna nā mea pono āpau, me ka wai.
I ka loaʻa ʻole o nā anthills a me nā puʻu termite, hoʻololi ka holoholona echidna iā lākou me nā pepeke liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe a me nā larvae mai nā kumulāʻau. Kōkua ke ʻano kūikawā o ka naʻau e ʻike i nā pepeke. ʻO ka lohe maikaʻi, ke ʻano o ka pilau a me ke kū ʻana o ka electrolocation e ʻae iā ʻoe e ʻike koke i nā huhui o nā anaina a i nā ʻenemi.
Kūpono ke alelo o ka echidna no ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana a me ka ʻai ʻana i nā puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi. Hiki iā ia ke piʻi i 50 mau hanu i 30 kekona. ʻAʻole ʻae kēia wikiwiki e haʻalele i nā pepelu nimble e haʻalele i ka hale i wāwahi ʻia. I ka hihia o ka nele o ka meaʻai, hoʻololi ka echidna i kāna wahi noho. E hana i kēia, hiki iā ia ke huakaʻi i kahi mamao loa e ka ʻāina a me ka wai. No ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, makaʻu ʻole ka holoholona i ka hoʻokokoke ʻana i nā wahi noho kanaka a me nā mahina ʻai.
ʻO ka meaʻai punahele a ka echidna ka naonao, termite a me nā mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe.
Echidna hanauna
ʻO ka echidna, kahi holoholona i makemake i kahi ola mehameha, e hui me kāna poʻe hānau wale nō i ka wā o ka male ʻana. Kū ka lōʻihi mai ka hopena o ka pūnāwai a hiki i ka wanaʻao. Ke mākaukau e male, hoʻopuka ka wahine i kahi ʻala ikaika i kēlā me kēia makahiki ʻelua a waiho i nā māka e ʻumeʻume i nā kāne. Mālama kekahi mau kāne i hoʻokahi wahine no hoʻokahi mahina holoʻokoʻa.
I kēia wā, noho pū nā echidnas. I ka wā hoʻoilo o ʻAukekulelia, noho pū lākou, ʻai a hiamoe pū. Ma hope o ke kahua o ka launa pū ʻana a me ka noho aloha ʻana, hoʻomaka ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "ritual wedding".
ʻO kahi hui kāne, nona ka helu i hiki i 10 mau mea, hoʻomaka e hoʻopuni i ka wahine. ʻEli lākou i kahi auwai a 30cm ka hohonu a pahu i ka poʻe kūʻē. I ka hopena, hoʻoholo ʻia ka mea lanakila, i manaʻo ʻia he kūpono no ka "wahine".
Ma hope o ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ke kāne mare, hoʻomaka ka hana o ka moekolohe. Moe nā holoholona ma ko lākou ʻaoʻao no hoʻokahi hola. Haʻalele kahi wahine momona i ke kāne mau loa, ʻo ke ola wale nō o nā keiki e hiki mai ana ka mea pili iā ia.
Hoʻomau ka hoʻokuʻi hua manu i ʻehā mau pule. He mammal oviparous ka echidna. ʻO ka hua echidna ma kahi o 15 mm ka nui. Me ke kōkua o nā mākala o ka ʻōpū, hana ka wahine i ka pelu ma kona ʻōpū, kahi i waiho ai ʻo ia i ke keiki e hiki mai ana. I hoʻokahi pule a me ka hapa ma hope, ʻikea kahi echidna hānau hou.
Uhi ʻia ka holoholona i ka ʻili translucent a ʻaʻohe mea kōkua. Ma kahi o ka ʻeke, aia kahi māla waiū, kahi e kolo ai ka hānau hou me ke kōkua o kāna mau paws mua i hoʻomohala ʻia. ʻAʻohe nipples o Echidnas, no laila hoʻokuʻu pololei ʻia ka waiū poni i ka ʻili o ka ʻili, kahi e palu ai ka cub. He kala ʻulaʻula kā ka waiū ma muli o ka nui o ka hao.
Hānai ka echidna i kāna mau keiki me ka waiū
No ʻelua mau mahina, hali ka wahine i kahi echidna liʻiliʻi i loko o kāna ʻeke a hānai iā ia me ka waiū. Loaʻa ke kaumaha i ka cub, lilo i ka lauoho, ulu a hāmama nā maka. Ma hope o ka hatching, ʻo ka nui o nā hua he 1.5 kenimika, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o hoʻokahi gram, a ma hope o 2 mau mahina ua hiki ke kaupaona i 400-430 gram. He kākalaioa kā ka mea ulu, a hūnā ka wahine iā ia i kahi lua i hoʻomākaukau ʻia.
ʻO nā kipa hoʻokahi i hoʻokahi pule e hānai iā ia i ka waiū momona. Aia ka echidna liʻiliʻi ma lalo o ka nānā ʻana a kona makuahine a hiki i ʻeono mau mahina, a ma hope iho ua haʻalele ʻo ia i kāna huakaʻi makua ponoʻī. Lilo ʻo Echidna i ka moekolohe ma ka makahiki 2. Pili ka lohi o ka hānau a me kahi helu liʻiliʻi o nā keiki me ke ola maikaʻi a me ke ola lōʻihi.
Ke ola a me nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke ola o ka Australian echidna i ka nāhelehele ma kahi o 16 mau makahiki. I nā kūlana o ka zoo, aia kekahi mau hihia ke ola kekahi kanaka i 45 mau makahiki. I ko lākou wahi noho, ʻaʻohe pinepine ka echidna i kahi pahuhopu hopu. Hoʻomaopopo kahi holoholona ʻino ʻole i kahi predator ma mua o ka manawa i ʻike ʻia ai. I kēlā mau kūlana, haʻalele ka echidna i ka mea hahai holoholona a hūnā i nā nāhelehele.
Hūnā ka echidna mai kona mau ʻenemi hiki i ka ulu lāʻau
Inā ʻaʻole ʻo ia e haʻalele, lawe ʻo ia i kahi kūlana pale. ʻO ka mea ʻaihue, ua loaʻa iā ia kahi "pā kaua" impregnable me nā kākalaioa, ʻaʻole makaʻu pinepine iā ia a hoʻi i hope. Inā pōloli loa ka holoholona a i ʻole he lehulehu o ka lehulehu, hoʻāʻo lākou e ʻeli mai nā ʻaoʻao āpau i mea e hele ai i nā wahi nāwaliwali.
ʻO nā ʻenemi nui:
- Diabolo Tasmania;
- ʻĪlio Dingo;
- ʻīlio hānai;
- ʻalopeke;
- kāne
Alualu nā kamaʻāina i ka holoholona no ka momona momona a olakino hoʻi, a hana ʻia nā mea hoʻonani mai kāna mau nila. ʻO ka heluna kanaka o ka Austral echidna ʻaʻole kokoke i ka make. ʻIke pinepine ʻia kēia mau holoholona ʻino ʻole i ko lākou nohona kūlohelohe. ʻO nā ʻenemi nui no ka heluna kanaka nā alanui. ʻO ka kumu nui kēia no ka lohi o ka holoholona.
Hiki i ka holoholona echidna ke lilo i holoholona. Ma muli o kona ʻano maikaʻi a me ka lawena hoʻomāinoino ʻole, hui pū ia me nā kamaʻāina ʻē aʻe. Ke mālama nei i ka echidna, pono ʻoe e hoʻolohe i kāna aloha o ka mehameha. ʻAʻole e liʻiliʻi ka hale kiaʻi, i ka lā a i ʻole i ka ʻike piha o nā mea āpau.
Ma ka home echidna hōʻike i kona ʻiʻini i ka ʻeli ʻana i ka honua a me ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i nā pōhaku. No laila, inā ʻoe e hoʻokuʻu iā ia e hele wāwae, he mea nui e kāpae i ka hōʻino ʻana i nā mea kanu waiwai a me nā haku mele.
Ke mālama nei i nā holoholona i ka pio, ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa nā keiki. ʻOiai i ko lākou ʻano kūlohelohe, kākaʻikahi wale kēia mau holoholona. Nui nā hihia i ʻike ʻia no ka hānau ʻana o echidnas ma nā zoo, akā ua make nā ʻōpio āpau ma mua o ka oʻo ʻana. Ma muli paha o ka loaʻa ʻole o nā mea hoʻokūkū ma waena o nā kāne a me ka hoihoi nāwaliwali i ka hānau ʻana.
I ke pio ʻana, hiki i ka echidna ke hana me ka ʻole o kāna papaʻai maʻamau o nā ʻelala. He predator ʻo ia, no laila, ʻo kāna papaʻai e hoʻopili ana i nā huahana ʻiʻo i haki ʻia, nā hua, ka waiū. ʻAʻole e hōʻole ka echidna i ka puree hua a me ka berena. Ma muli o ka nele o nā naonao, pono ka holoholona i kahi kumu wai hou.
I kēlā me kēia hihia, inā kū kahi anthill a i ʻole puʻu kau ma ka pūnaewele, a laila he makana kūikawā kēia no ka echidna home. He holoholona kupaianaha ʻo Echidna e noho nei ma Australia wale nō a me nā mokupuni e pili ana. Manaʻo ʻia kēia holoholona kekahi o nā hōʻailona o ka mokuʻāina a hōʻike ʻia i ke kālā, nā kāleka leka a me nā peʻa leka.
