ʻO ka finch, kahi no ka genus o finches, i kapa ʻia ʻo bullfinch, ʻo finch, ʻo chaffinch. I ka hapa nui o ka laulā mai ka Hema, hoʻi nā manu i ka hopena o Malaki, ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻole ka hau i nā wahi āpau. ʻ saylelo ka poʻe i ka wā mua o ka puna finch mele i ka hau.
Akā ʻaʻole kēia wale nō ka mana o ke kumu o ka inoa. ʻO kahi helehelena a me kahi ʻoki ʻoi loa o ka trill e hōʻike nei he anuanu ka manu, hopu ia i ka hanu mai ke anuanu.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
I ka hapa nui o ka Lūkia Hui Pū ʻIa, nā repubalika Soviet mua, nā ʻāina o ʻEulopa Komohana a me ka Hikina Waena, ʻo ka chaffinch maʻamau ka nui o ʻEulopa. ʻO kona nuku lōʻihi 11mm ʻoi aku ka brown, koe wale no ke kau moʻo, ke puka mai kahi polū polū.
ʻO ka ʻāpana lalo a pau, ka ʻāʻī a me nā pāpālina, he brownish-brown a i ʻole nā kala waina, ʻo ke kua i hoʻokahi kani māmā. ʻO ka ʻāʻī a me ka pāpale ma ke poʻo o ka finch he hina-polū; kū kahi kiko ʻeleʻele i luna o ka nuku.
Ma lalo pono o ke kua, nā kala i nā melemele a me nā leo ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻeheu me kahi palena keʻokeʻo. Aia nā kiko keʻokeʻo ma obliquely ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka huelo. ʻO kēlā ʻano kala ikaika e hoʻonani i nā kāne mai ka makahiki ʻelua o ke ola.
Finch i ke kiʻi i ka moʻo ʻana o nā plumage ke nānā aku ka nani. ʻOi aku ka paler o nā wahine a me nā moa makua, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka expression. Ua lanakila ke kani a me nā kala hina. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka finch ʻEulopa he 16 cm, ʻo ka huelo he 7 cm, a ʻo ke kaupaona he 22 g.
ʻOiai ʻo ka lele ʻana o ka manu me ka wikiwiki, hoʻolilo ia i ka hapa nui o kona manawa ma ka honua, neʻe i nā lele e ʻimi i ka meaʻai. Ma muli o kēia, make pinepine ia i ka hoʻouka kaua a nā mea hoʻomake.
Kani Finch ʻoluʻolu hoʻi nā kāhea. I nā kūlana ʻokoʻa - inā pilikia ("kēia", "hut", "tyu"), takeoff ("tyup"), courtness ("ksip"), nonoi ("chirrup"), hoʻokuʻu ka manu i ʻehiku mau hōʻailona. No kekahi manawa lōʻihi, manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia ke kani ʻana o nā finches o "ryu-ryu" i ka ua. Akā ua hōʻike ʻia nā mea i ʻike hou ʻia ʻaʻohe pilina ma waena o "ruffling" a me ke ʻano o ke aniau. Kūlike ka hōʻailona me ke kūlana akahele o ka manu.
Inā hana hoʻokahi kanaka i nā mele mele he 3-6, a laila helu ka heluna kānaka i iwakālua. Ke mele nei ʻo Chaffinch hoʻomaka me kahi ʻōkuhi, huli i loko o nā trill, e hana hou ana i kēlā me kēia ʻekolu kekona, a hoʻopau me kahi kani abrupt ʻoi loa - kahi hahau. Hoʻololi nā melodies i ka subspecies, ka nohona.
ʻO ke kāne ke kāne, ʻoi aku ka nui o kāna mau roulades, ʻoiai ʻike ka hōʻiliʻili o ka manawa, lawe ʻia lākou mai nā ʻohana a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā wahine, nā moa makua hiki i nā leo maʻalahi a maʻalahi wale nō. Inā i ka puna e hīmeni me ka leo nui ka manu me ka makemake, a laila ma ka waena o ke kauwela hoʻomaka ka wā molt a lohe pinepine ʻole ʻia. Hoʻopili ʻia nā mele.
Nā ʻano
ʻO ka ʻōnaehana o nā finch subspecies me nā inoa 18. Nā hiʻohiʻona kūʻokoʻa - ka nui, ke kala o nā plumage, kahi e hāʻawi ai. Ma waho aʻe o ka mea i wehewehe ʻia o ʻEulopa, ua loaʻa he 3 mau mea hou aku ma ka panalāʻau o ka Lūkia Hui Pū ʻIa a me nā Repubalika o ka Union ma mua.
- Caucasian
I ke kauwela, noho ka finch ma Crimea, ma Caucasus. I ka hoʻoilo, loaʻa ia ma ka ʻākau o ʻIrana, ma ka hema ʻo Transcaucasia. Noho ʻo ia i loko o nā ululāʻau o nā kuahiwi, nā kuahiwi i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 2.5 tausani mau mika ma luna o kaʻilikai. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino a hiki i 13 cm, nuku kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, nā kala e like me ka mea ʻEulopa. Nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona - ke kono nei i ke kāhea "kik", e like me ke kāhea o kahi tit nui, ʻikepili leo liʻiliʻi ʻole.
- Hyrcanian
ʻO ke kalaʻeleʻele Podvit, nā ʻano liʻiliʻi. Loaʻa nā wahi noho ma ka ʻākau o ʻIrana, nā pūnana ma nā wahi hema o ke kai Caspian. ʻEleʻele ka hope i ke kua, ʻo ka lalo me kahi aniani ʻulaʻula, pouli ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī i ka ashy.
- Kopetdag
Pulu ka manu, me nā wahi voluminous o ke kala keʻokeʻo ma ka huelo a me nā ʻeheu. ʻO ka wahi hoʻokaʻawale ka ʻāina o ka Turkmen polymountain Kopetdag. ʻ admitlelo aku nā Ornithologists he ʻano loli kēia mau subspecies o ka Hyrcanian finch.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
Hoʻonoho finch manu i nā nāhelehele deciduous, kāwili ʻia, coniferous. ʻAʻole makemake ʻo ia i ka taiga hohonu, kahi e pilikia ai ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai ma ka honua. Hāʻawi ʻia ka makemake i nā wahi ulu mālamalama launa ʻole a me nā māla ʻimi hoʻopunipuni me nā lāʻau oʻo, microclimate maikaʻi. ʻIke pinepine ia ma ka wahi paka, i nā hale kau wela, nā māla māla.
Manaʻo nui ka poʻe manu finch o ke ala hele... Aia ia i ka wahi o ka noho. ʻO nā holoholona i koho i ka ʻāpana waena o Rūsia, ʻo Siberia i ka hoʻoilo e hele i ke kahakai o ke Kai Kaiwaenahonua, i nā kahawai o nā waihona wai o Central Asia. Ua hōʻea kekahi mau hipa i nā mokupuni ʻo Canary, Nā Moku ʻo Pelekane, ʻApelika ʻĀkau, ʻo Morocco, Tunisia, Algeria ka mea i kū ai.
Inā noho mua nā finches ma nā wahi hema, a laila noho mau lākou a holoholo paha i kahi mamao i nā wahi kokoke, me ka hele ʻole i nā palena o ka ʻāina.
Ma mua o ka haʻalele ʻana, ʻākoakoa nā manu i nā pūʻā manu a i hoʻokahi haneli mau kānaka. Lele wikiwiki lākou —50 -55 km / h. No ka hoʻomaha a me ka meaʻai, hana lākou i kahi kū loloa i nā panalāʻau o nā wahi liʻiliʻi e hiki ai ke hōʻoluʻolu iā lākou iho. Hoʻonui ʻia ka haʻalele ʻana i ka manawa, hala i nā nalu, akā haʻalele ka hapa nui o nā manu i nā wahi mehana i Kepakemapa. ʻAʻole kūlike nā kula, hoʻohui pinepine nā finch iā lākou.
Hoʻi lākou i kā lākou pūnaewele paʻa mau mai ka hopena o Pepeluali a i ka hopena o ʻApelila. ʻO ka hema aʻe o ka wahi, aia i ka mua o ka manu. Ua hōʻea mua nā kāne, hoʻoholo ʻia ko lākou hōʻea ʻana e nā mele moena kani leo nui. Hiki mai nā wahine i hoʻokahi pule ma hope.
Hoʻopilikia ʻia ka emi ʻana o ka nui o nā laha e ka deterioration o ke kūlana kaiaola. Mai kēlā makahiki a kēia makahiki, ke piʻi nei nā wahi o ka wao nahele, ʻaʻole e emi ka helu o nā ʻāina mahiʻai a me nā ulu ulu ulu me nā pesticides. He kūlana maikaʻi ʻole nā kūlana ʻino maikaʻi ʻole.
Nui nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā manu, i hōʻike ʻia e nā squirrels, ermines, nā manu nui (magpie, jay, crow, woodpecker). I ka wā o ka pūnana, luku lākou i nā ʻūlū, nā moa liʻiliʻi. Kūpono ʻole ka manu i ke mele ʻana.
Lawe ʻia e nā roulades, finch kāne hāpai a hoʻolei i kona poʻo i hope a ʻike ʻole, lohe ʻole a puni.
Hoʻolilo nā finches i ka ʻāpana nui o nā hola o ke ao e noho ana ma kahi lālā, neʻe mālie me ia i ka ʻaoʻao, a i ʻole lele i ka honua, e ʻimi ana i ka meaʻai Lele lākou i ka wikiwiki, i nā nalu.
I ka wā o ka moena a me ka pūnana ʻana, hana lākou i mau pālua, ke koena o ka manawa a lākou e mālama ai i nā holoholona. Ma muli o ko lākou kūpaʻa, unpretentiousness a me ka hoʻololi wikiwiki ʻana i ko lākou wahi noho, he mea maʻamau nā ʻehā ma ʻEulopa. Ua hōʻea ka helu o lākou i 95 miliona mau pālua.
Paipai ʻo Chaffinch hīmeni i kekahi poʻe e mālama i nā manu i ke pio. Inā ʻaʻohe ʻike, a laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka kū ʻana ma kekahi ʻano ʻē, maʻalahi wale i ka maʻalahi. Pili kekahi kanaka i ka mea hoʻokipa, akā i ka hapa nui o nā manu e noho hihiu a hiki i ka make ʻana.
No ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi, waiho ʻia ka finch i loko o kahi hale manu ākea a i ʻole i kahi pā liʻiliʻi i uhi ʻia me ka lole palupalu. Ke kanu nei iā ia i loko o kahi noho mau, uhi lākou iā ia me nā mea māmā, ʻoiai ke hele aku kahi kanaka, kuʻi ikaika ka manu i nā koʻokoʻo, ʻaʻole hoʻomaha iki no ka manawa lōʻihi.
E hoʻolohe ai i ke mele, mālama ʻia ke kāne me ka ʻole o ka lua. I ke alo o kahi kanaka, hīmeni wale ka manu ke noho mālie ʻo ia. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka hale me kahi ʻauʻau, perches. Hoʻokomo lākou i nā ipu haʻahaʻa me ka spruce a i ʻole nā ʻano paina.
Hānai ʻia ka finch me nā ʻano canary, ʻai ʻai, hua moa, ʻiʻo a me nā sereala. ʻAe ʻia ka hua Hemp, akā i ka nui o ka nui, ʻo ka meaʻai me ka ʻaila kiʻekiʻe e alakaʻi i ka maʻi o ka maka, paila.
Meaʻai kūpono
I ka nahelehele, hānai nā mākua i kā lākou mau moa me nā ʻūlū, nā ʻenuhe, nā dipterans, nā arachnids. ʻO ka mea kanu mea kanu, ʻo ka nui e hoʻonui me ka ua lōʻihi a i ʻole ka hopena o ka wā pūnana, e komo pū me:
- na anoano, na luna o na wana o ka pine, spruce;
- ʻoka;
- bearberry, irga.
Makua finch maʻamau mai ka waena waena o ke kauwela e lele ʻo ia i nā māla mahi ʻai e ʻai i nā hua. Aloha i nā ʻanoʻano o ka cherry ʻawaʻawa, elderberry, viole, buckwheat manu, primrose. Ma hope iki aku, oʻo nā hua o ka mauʻu (nettles, quinoa), ka mea a ka manu e hoʻohana ai ma mua o ka haʻalele ʻana no ka hoʻoilo.
I ka wā puna a me ke kauwela, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka papaʻai nā meaʻai protein!
- lele;
- ʻenuhe moth;
- weevil.
ʻO nā ʻāpana ʻōmaʻomaʻo o nā mea kanu, pua, ʻōpuʻu i loaʻa i loko o nā ʻōpū o nā manu. He mea maikaʻi ka finch no ka ulu lāʻau, mahiʻai, no ka mea, hemo ia i nā ululāʻau a me nā mea kanu mai nā mea kolo.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
I ka hōʻea ʻana mai ka hoʻoilo, nānā nā kāne i ko lākou wahi. Inā ua paʻa ʻo ia i kekahi me nā mea, hoʻomaka nā hakakā. Kū pinepine nā hakakā ma waena o nā manu ʻōpio i hoʻomoe ʻole ʻia a me nā ʻino makua. Kaha ʻia ka wā e ka hakakā, ka pīhoihoi, ke kani nui ʻole.
Ke kipaku ʻia ka malihini mai ka ʻāina mai, hōʻailona nā kāne kāne i kā lākou waiwai me ke mele sonorous a hoʻowalewale i nā wahine i hōʻea mai nā ʻāina mehana i hoʻokahi pule ma hope. Hana nā trills melodic nani a me nā plumage moʻa nani i kā lākou hana. Lele ka wahine i ke kāhea, noho i lalo me ia, e hāpai ana i kāna huelo a hoʻomaka i "zizikat".
Hana ʻia nā pūnana chaffinch i kahi ʻano pola
Ma hope o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o kahi pālua, i ka hopena o Malaki a i ʻole mua o Mei, e ʻimi ana nā manu i kahi lāʻau kūpono, kahi e ʻoluʻolu ai pūnana finch... Kūpono ka spruce, birch, pine, alder. ʻAʻole hoʻohana iki ʻia ka maple, willow, ʻoka, linden, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e kahi kumu pouli a me nā lālā.
Loaʻa i nā Ornithologists nā pūnana ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 15 mika, 40 kenimika, akā aia ka helu nui mai hoʻokahi mika a i ʻehā mai ka honua ma nā ʻūhā ākea o nā conifers a i ʻole nā ʻoka o nā lālā kokoke i ka pahu. Hana ʻo ia i ka hana ʻana i home no nā moa hou wahine finch, ʻoiai ua pili nā mākua ʻelua i ka hōʻiliʻili o nā mea kūkulu hale.
ʻO ka hoʻomaka mua ʻana i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo e waiho koke i mau hua. I kekahi manawa lohi ka hana ʻana no ka manawa lōʻihi no ka ʻinoʻino o ke aniau. Inā koho ʻia kahi lāʻau me ka ʻili ʻeleʻele, a laila pono ʻoe e kūkulu i kahi pūnana i nā manawa he nui, e hoʻomaka ana mai ka ʻōpala.
ʻAno hoʻomākeʻaka ke nānā aku i nā moa Chaffinch
Hoʻopiʻi kahi mea i nānā maikaʻi ʻia i ka maka o nā manu ʻē aʻe, e hopu ana i ka manawa, huki a hoʻohana i nā mea e hoʻonohonoho ai i ko lākou mau wahi no ke kau ʻana. Aʻo ʻia e ka ʻike ʻawaʻawa, finch hou mask mask nā hale maikaʻi, kahi e ʻike ʻole ʻia mai waho.
Pūnana finch ʻano like me ke anawaena a i ka mika a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hapalua i hana ʻia mai nā ʻāpana like ʻole o nā lālā, nā mea kanu a me nā limu. I kekahi mau hihia, kūlike kā lākou mau ʻāpana, i nā mea ʻē aʻe, nā lālā me nā lau o ka mauʻu e hana i kahi kiʻi, a ua hoʻopili ʻia nā paia a me ka lalo me ka limu. I kekahi manawa ua ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka limu ma mua o nā lālā.
Hoʻopili ka finch i nā mea me nā pae cobweb, kahi e ikaika ai nā paia 3-cm. Hana ʻia ka uluna Masonry o ka fluff mea kanu, nā hulu, hulu hipa. No ke kumu o nā camouflage, ʻokiʻoki ʻia ka hanana mai luna mai me ka bark birch a me nā laikini māmā. ʻO nā ʻāpana pepa liʻiliʻi, ka huluhulu pulupulu, ka ʻūlū i loaʻa i nā pūnana i kokoke i nā palena o ke kūlanakauhale.
E ʻike pehea e hānau ai nā fin, pono ʻoe e kiaʻi iā lākou, e hoʻomaka ana mai ka ʻumi mau makahiki o Mei. I kēia manawa, he wahine nondescript me ka plumage, hoʻohui me ke kaiapuni, e hoʻomoe i nā hua manu. Mai ʻekolu a ʻehiku paha o lākou.
He ʻōmaʻomaʻo keʻokeʻo a me nā aka bluish me ka ʻulaʻula blurr a kokoke i ka poni interspersed. No ʻelua mau pule o ka hoʻouluulu ʻana i ka uʻi, mālama mālama ʻole ke kāne i kāna ipo wahine a me ka pua o ka wā e hiki mai ana, e lawe mai ana i ka meaʻai, ka pale ʻana i ka pūnana mai nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe.
ʻO nā moa moa Finch hatch mai loko mai o ka pūpū ʻulaʻula, olohelohe me lalo ma ke poʻo a me ke kua. Hānai nā mākua iā lākou no 14 mau lā. I loko o ka manawa o ka ulu ikaika, koi wale ʻia nā protein holoholona. Ma hope, ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka papaʻai me nā ʻanoʻano, nā hua hua. Ma hope o ke ala ʻana o nā manu ʻōpio ma luna o ka ʻēheu, ʻaʻole lele lele lākou mai ka pūnana mai, akā hoʻomau i ka lawe ʻana i ka meaʻai mai ko lākou mau mākua no ʻehiku mau lā hou.
I nā wahi me nā anilā wela, hoʻopili nā wahine wahine i hoʻokahi paʻa hou, kahi i ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā hua manu ma mua o ka mua. ʻO ka haʻalele hope loa o nā ʻōpio mai ka pūnana mai i ʻAukake. I Kepakemapa, kūʻokoʻa nā manu. Ma ka home, ola nā finch i nā makahiki he 12. Make lākou ma mua i ka nahelehele.
