Stepnaya pāhūhā, kūwaho like me kahi ostrich liʻiliʻi, he kamaʻāina maʻamau ia o nā wahi hānai nāhelehele. I ka wā ma mua, noho nā manu i nā wahi semi-wao nahele o Eurasia a me ʻApelika. Ma ka hema o Lūkia, ua waiwai ʻia nā manu ma ke ʻano he "princely game". Nalo i nā wahi āpau i kēia lā bustard - i loko o ka puke Red.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
He manu nui i ka ʻoka manu lele. ʻO ka inoa lua ka dudak. ʻO ka manaʻo Proto-Slavic o ka huaʻōlelo bustard ke waiho nei i ka hoʻohui o "holo wikiwiki" a "manu". ʻO ka peculiarity o ka bustard e holo aku ai, a ʻaʻole lele i kahi weliweli, ua aʻa i loko o ka ʻōlelo.
Pahu ʻōhua maʻamau
Ma o kāna kūkulu nui ʻana, ua like ka manu me kahi kuhukukū. Pahu hoʻonui ʻia, ʻāʻī mānoanoa. Ana Bustard hoʻohanohano. Loaʻa i nā kāne ke kaupaona ma kahi o 19 kg, ʻo ke kaumaha o nā wahine he hapalua ia. ʻO ka lōʻihi o nā kānaka nui he 0.8 - 1 m. ʻAʻole paʻakikī e ʻike i ka bustard e kāna mau ʻeheu ākea, ka huelo lōʻihi me ke ʻano o ka pōʻai ma ka hopena. ʻO ke kāhiko fan-shaped i kahi ʻano fluffy o ka bustard kaomi i ke kino, e hōʻike ana i ka huelo keʻokeʻo. Ke hohola ka manu i kona mau ʻeheu, 210-260 knm ke kiko.
ʻO nā lālā ikaika o ka bustard me ka ʻole o nā plumage, uhi ʻia me nā unahi hina. Hoʻololi maikaʻi nā wāwae i ka neʻe honua, holo wikiwiki. Ma nā wāwae, 3 manamana wāwae. ʻIke ka bustard pehea e lele maikaʻi ai, akā makemake i ke ola honua. Lawe ʻia me ka ikaika, akā hāpai i ka wikiwiki. MA ho'ākāka bustard hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i ka lele ʻana ʻo ia i kona ʻāʻī, ʻohi i kona mau wāwae. Manaʻo nā Ornithologists ʻo ia ka manu lele nui ma waena o nā ʻohana hulu.
ʻO ka plumage motley me nā aka o ka brown, hina, keʻokeʻo, ʻeleʻele. Mai kahi mamao aku ma ka papa ʻulaʻula a me ka hulu o kahi hulu ʻikea ke ʻano o kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻeleʻele. ʻO nā plumage māmā ma ka ʻāʻī a me ke poʻo. ʻO ka ʻōpū, ka umauma, undertail, ma lalo o nā ʻeheu keʻokeʻo. ʻO nā maka me ka iris pouli, kahi nuku ashy.
Bustard i ka lele
I ka puna, ʻikea nā "collars" o ka chestnut i ka plumage o nā kāne, ʻike ʻia nā ʻāpana hulu paʻakikī, kuhikuhi ʻia i hope a i nā ʻaoʻao mai ke kumu o ka nuku. ʻO ka hoʻonani mau a hiki i ka hopena o ke kauwela, lau me kahi hoʻoheheʻe hoʻoheheʻe.
I hoʻokahi kenekulia i hala, ua manaʻo ʻia ka manu he mea hahai holoholona maʻamau. I nā kumuwaiwai moʻokalaleo, ho'ākāka pinepine nā memo i nā pūʻulu holoholona āpau, i ʻike mau ʻia ma nā alanui. Ua kahe nā kaukani manu i nā awāwa ma mua o ko lākou haʻalele ʻana i ka hāʻule. Ua lilo ka bustard i mea hōʻailona, ʻike ʻia i ka lole o ke kūlanakauhale o Lgov, ma ka hae o ke kalana ma ʻEnelani. ʻO kēia manu kahi ʻano ʻane make i ka nāhelehele. Aia nā kumu no ka emi ʻana o ka heluna kanaka i ka hopu holoholona ʻole ʻia, ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona ʻāina, a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā pono mahiʻai.
Ma waena o nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe, ʻo ka mea weliweli loa nā mea ʻaihue honua - nā ʻalopeke, nā ʻīlio hae, nā ʻīlio hele hewa. Hoʻopilikia ʻia nā wahine liʻiliʻi e nā ʻaeto steppe, nā ʻaeto gula, aeto ʻaihue keʻokeʻo. Hoʻopili nā Magpies, nā ʻāpana, a me nā manu ʻino i nā pūnana bustard. Hoʻopuni nā manu akamai a puni nā pono o ke kula, ka mea hoʻoweliweli i nā brooders mai kā lākou pūnana, a waiho i nā hua manu i nā mea ʻili hulu.
Paʻa pae ʻāina
Mele mele lohe pono ʻia i kēia au. I kekahi mau manawa, hāmau ʻo ia. Hoʻolohe nā kāne i nā kani kulu kani ma kahi kokoke. ʻUʻū dully nā wahine ke kāhea lākou i nā moa. Mai nā pūnana mai, hiki iā ʻoe ke lohe i nā leʻaleʻa pōkole o nā holoholona ʻōpio e ulu nei.
E hoʻolohe i ka leo o ka bustard
Nā ʻano
Noho nā bustard nui ma nā ʻāina ʻokoʻa, ʻokoʻa ka nui, ke kala, nā ʻano hānai. Ma ke ʻano laulā, aia he 26 mau ʻano i 11 genera.
Ma waena o nā lunamakaʻāinana nui o nā manu nui:
ʻO Bustard Corey
- kahakaha Corey - kahi kamaaina o nā savannas ʻApelika, one-wao nahele. Plumage hina-ʻeleʻele. Alakaʻi lākou i kahi ola sedentary, neʻe iki. ʻO ka manu lele nui loa maʻAfelika. Kaupaona nā kāne a 120 kg. Noho lākou i nā hui o 5-7 mau kānaka;
- Pahu ʻ Indianiwi - noho i nā ākea, nā māla, nā kahakai. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka manu a i 1 mika, ke kaumaha o kēlā me kēia kanaka ma kahi o 18 kg. Hele hele ʻo ia me ka hanohano, ʻaʻohe wikiwiki kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu, akahele. ʻAneʻane lilo ka ʻiʻio Poaching i kumu no ka hoʻopau loa ʻana o nā manu. Aia lākou ma lalo o ka pale o ka mokuʻāina.
Pahu ʻ Indianiwi
ʻO nā mea ʻemi liʻiliʻi nā mea hopena i ʻApelika. E hōʻoiaʻiʻo nō ʻo wai ka inoa o ka manu liʻiliʻi loa o ka ʻāpana, paʻakikī. ʻO nā kānaka āpau o 5 mau ʻano waena waena ke kaupaona ʻia 1-2 kg. ʻO nā busters liʻiliʻi kaulana loa:
Pahu ʻeleʻele ʻōiwi
- ʻāʻī ʻeleʻele - kahi manu nui me ke kala plumage kūlike ʻole. Hoʻololi nā pale ʻulaʻula-hina i ka ikaika o ka pigmentation. ʻO ka lōʻihi o nā manu he 50-60 cm. Noho lākou i nā wao nahele maloʻo maloʻo me nā lau nahele ulu liʻiliʻi;
- senegala - nā kānaka o ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula me kahi ʻano streaky. Hoʻohanohano ʻia ke kāne e ka aniani polū o ka plumage ma ka ʻāʻī. ʻO 1.5 kg ka awelika o ke kanaka. Nā mea noho o nā savannah ʻApelika.
Pōʻakahi Senegalese
Ma ka panalāʻau o Rūsia, kahi ma hope o Soviet, aia he 3 ʻano o ka bustard:
ʻO Bustard Jack a nani paha
- jack (ka uʻi bustard). ʻO ka mea kūikawā o nā manu waena he nui i ka holo zigzag. Kuhi ʻia ka nānā i nā maka nunui me ke ānuenue māmā. I ka wā o ka moʻo ʻana, lawe nā kāne i nā mea ʻano ʻē, hāpai i kahi keu, kahi kola ʻeleʻele-keʻokeʻo ma ka ʻāʻī, kahi huelo;
- pāhūhā - ka nui o kahi manu me ka moa a i ʻole ka grouse ʻeleʻele. ʻO kaʻulaʻulaʻula me nā kahaʻeleʻele. Ma ka ʻāʻī, ʻo ke kola o nā kaha ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo ka mea nui e hoʻonani ai nā manu. Hōʻike ka inoa i nā kani a nā ʻeheu i ka lele ʻana. Halulu i ka makani, haʻalulu i ka makani, haʻalulu, neʻe kaulike ʻole;
- pahi kaua maʻamau - nui loa ka manu, ke kaumaha nei a 16 kg. Noho i nā ʻāpana steppe. Ka ʻāʻī mānoanoa, nā wāwae ikaika, ka ʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo me nā kaha ʻeleʻele i ke kala.
Hana kahi kāne kāne ʻūlū wahine i ka hulina moena
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
Hana nā Bustards i ka lā. I ke kakahiaka a i ke ahiahi e hana nui nei lākou i ka ʻimi holoholona ʻana: hoʻolōʻihi lākou i mau hola ma lalo o nā mauʻu kiʻekiʻe i ka malu. I ke anuanu, hana lākou me ka hoʻomaha ʻole, hele wāwae me ka akahele, kuʻi mālie i ka mauʻu, a kū pinepine. Inā pilikia, peʻe lākou i loko o nā ulu lāʻau a lele koke paha.
Holo mau ka manu i ka makani, lele pololei. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka lele ʻana o kekahi mau kikeke, ʻaʻole ʻano o nā ea. ʻO nā māla ʻēheu keʻokeʻo, ʻike maopopo ʻia nā hulu lele pouli ma lalo. Hoʻopili nā manu i nā ʻohana unisexual liʻiliʻi, i kekahi manawa ʻike ʻia me ke mele. I nā kau anuanu, hoʻopili lākou i nā pūʻulu nui a hiki i hoʻokahi haneli mau kānaka.
ʻO ka Arabian bustard a me nā mea ʻai nūpē nubian
Nā ʻohana Bustard alakaʻi pinepine lākou i kahi noho nohona; i nā ʻaoʻao ʻākau, noho nā manu neʻe hapa, e waiho ana no ka hoʻoilo i ka hopena o ke kau. Noho nā busters nui ma ke komohana o Siberia, ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina mai ke kai Caspian a i nā Ural. ʻO ka hoʻolaha zonal ākea kahi hōʻailona o ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi kiʻekiʻe o nā laha. ʻIke ʻia ka manu i nā hiʻona ʻāina i hana ʻia e ke kanaka. Hāʻawi nā manu i ka makemake i nā steppes mauʻu kiʻekiʻe, wehe i nā wahi puʻu haʻahaʻa me ka ʻole o nā awawa.
Ma laila, kahi o ka bustard e noho nei, ʻaʻohe kahawai wai, nā wahi saline o ka pāpū.He manu ʻo Bustard noho i nā wahi hoʻomaʻemaʻe o nā ʻāpana ʻākau. Aia ia i ka nohona inā e haʻalele ka poʻe ʻāpoki i kā lākou wahi pūnaewele. ʻAʻole pili ka pono o ka neʻe ʻana me ka hāʻule o ka mahana e like me ka mānoanoa o ka hau. ʻO ka nele i ka ʻai ka mea nui e neʻe ai i kahi mau haneli mau kilomita i nā wahi me ka hau liʻiliʻi.
Meaʻai kūpono
ʻO ka papaʻai o ka bustard nā mea kanu, nā meaʻai holoholona. Aia ka lākiō hānai i nā kumu he nui:
- nā wahi noho;
- kāne kāne;
- makahiki;
- kahua hānai.
ʻO nā mea kanu mea kanu nā mea kanu, nā lau, nā pua, nā mea kanu o nā mea kanu. ʻAno ʻia nā manu e nā dandelions, tansy maʻamau, skerda, kao kao, kanu i ke kākalaioa, clover, peas, a me nā mea kanu plantain. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ka meaʻai pū kekahi me nā rhizome onion, ke kolo palaoa. Me ka nele o ka meaʻai, ʻai ka poʻe bustards i nā wana me kahi ʻano fibrous, no ka laʻana, nā lau beet, kahi e alakaʻi ai i ka hoʻomau pinepine ʻana o nā manu, i kekahi manawa i ka make.
Ke nānā nei ka wahine Bustard i ka meaʻai
I ke ʻano o ka hānai holoholona, nā ʻano ʻelala like ʻole, kā lākou larvae. ʻO ka mea i loaʻa i ka bustard, ʻo ia nā ʻalekeke, nā ʻūhini, nā ʻūhini, nā bea, nā nalo, e like me ka Colorado. Hele i loko o ka ʻai nā ʻōpala, nā kuhū, nā rana, nā moʻo, a me nā rodine murine. I kekahi manawa ʻo ka mea pio ka pūnana o ka ʻāpapa e pūnana ana ma ka honua.
ʻAʻole ʻeli nā Bustards i ka honua, e like me nā manu puaʻa, mai hoʻonāukiuki i ka mauʻu me ko lākou mau wāwae a me ka nuku. Kuʻi nā manu i ka meaʻai ma luna o ka honua, hopu i nā holoholona me nā lele wikiwiki, hopu me ko lākou nuku, hoʻoluliluli, pā i ka honua ma mua o ka moni ʻana i ka mea pio. I kekahi manawa moni ka poʻe pōpoki i nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻai. Ke wili nei lākou i nā mea o loko o ka ʻōpū e like me nā wili. ʻO ka wai kahi ʻāpana nui o ka papaʻai manu. Lele ʻo Bustards i nā kino wai, i ka hoʻoilo hoʻopau lākou i ka hau.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
I nā wahi o nā manu pūnana e ʻākoakoa i ka mua o ka puna. Ke maloʻo ka honua, ʻākoakoa nā ʻāpana i nā wahi ākea no nā hana o ka male. ʻAʻole kū nā bustard nui i mau paʻa mau, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine i nā hui, no laila i nā "harem" o nā kāne he 2-3 mau hoa like, ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa i ke kūpaʻa o ke koho ʻana.
Nā pāʻani pili moʻa Bustard
Noho ka moena a hiki i ka hopena o Mei - hoʻomaka o Iune. Hōʻike pinepine nā kāne i nā hana huʻina i ke kakahiaka nui. Noho kēlā me kēia i kā lākou wahi ponoʻī, hōʻike i ko lākou mau ʻeheu, e hohola ana i nā hulu keʻokeʻo. Kiola ʻia ka huelo peʻahi ma ke kua. Hāpai ʻia nā hulu kola a me ka ʻumiʻumi me ka hiki ke hiki. Pehu ka ʻeke ʻāʻī ma ka goiter. Huki ʻia ke poʻo i loko o nā poʻohiwi. I kēia manawa bustard i ke kiʻi he kinipopo kinohou ma na wawae.
No laila hehi, wili no 10-15 kekona, hoʻokuʻu i ka ea, kahi kani haʻahaʻa e lohe ʻia ma kahi kokoke. A laila hoʻi i kona kūlana mua. Hana hou i nā manawa he mau manawa i ka minuke i kekahi manawa i kahi hou. ʻAʻohe hoʻokūkū ikaika ma mua o nā hakakā. ʻImi nā hōʻike ākea o nā kāne i nā wahine.
Hoʻomoe nā manu i nā hua i ka pūnana, kahi a ka wahine e kūkulu pono ai i ka lepo. Hoʻokumu mua ʻia kahi kaumaha kaumaha āpau e nā paws, a laila e ka neʻe ʻana o ke kino. ʻAʻohe mea moe o loko.
ʻO ka moa hānai wahine maʻamau
I ka pūnana aia he 1-2 mau hua o ke kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo-ʻōmaʻomaʻo, i kekahi manawa he bluish, me kahi hiʻohiʻona paʻakikī, a me kahi pūpū ʻōlinolino. Kū ka Incubation i nā lā 28. ʻAʻole komo ke kāne i ka mālama o nā keiki. Noho mālie ka wahine, i kekahi manawa e hānai kokoke ana. I ka hihia o ka makaʻu, hoʻāʻo ia e hoʻohuli i ka nānā e ka lawena o kahi manu ʻeha. Haʻalele koke nā moa i ka pūnana, akā i ka mua, a hiki i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ikaika, aia lākou a kokoke i ka makuahine.
ʻAi lākou i nā hua nahenahe me ka hānai ʻana, a ka makuahine e lawe ai i 2 mau pule. I ka makahiki o hoʻokahi mahina, kū lākou ma ka ʻeheu, hōʻike i ke kūʻokoʻa. Mālama ʻia ke kamaʻilio me ka makuahine a hiki i ka hopena o ke kau, i kekahi manawa a hiki i ka puna aʻe. I ke kūlohelohe, ola nā bustards i 20 mau makahiki, inā ʻaʻole lākou e lilo i waiwai pio na ka mea ʻaihue a kanaka paha. Pili ikaika nā kiaʻi manu a me nā mea mālama i ka mālama ʻana i nā manu.
