Pāpaʻi Kamchatka maʻi ʻaʻai maoli. ʻO kēia ka ʻike ola o ka laha. Ua hāʻawi ʻia ka inoa iā ia no kona ʻano kūwaho me nā pāpaʻi. Ua pōkole lākou ma mua o ka crayfish, loaʻa i kahi ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, nele i kahi huelo a neʻe ʻaoʻao.
ʻO nā kanesa, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻike ʻia ke aloha e neʻe i hope. ʻOiai ke ʻano like me nā pāpaʻa ʻo Kamchatka, pili ia i ka genus o craboids. Hoʻomaopopo kekahi iā ia ma ke ʻano he waena waena ma waena o ʻelua ʻano o nā arthropods.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka pāpaʻi Kamchatka
Kāhea ʻia ka ʻano he aliʻi. Inā hōʻike ka inoa nui i ka nohona o kahi arthropod, a laila ʻo ka lua ke kuhikuhi ma ana o ka pāpaʻi aliʻi... Ua hiki i ka laula o 29 kenimika.
Hoʻohui ʻia he 1-1.5-mika lālā. Ma muli o ko lākou lōʻihi, kapa ʻia ka holoholona ʻo Kamchatka ka pā kolo. ʻO ka nui o ke kaumaha o ka holoholona i hiki i 7 kilokika. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe o ka pāpaʻi Kamchatka pū:
- ʻelima mau wāwae o kekahi, a hoʻomohala ʻia kekahi o lākou a hūnā ʻia i loko o nā lua o ke aniani i mea e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ai iā lākou i nā ʻōpala i komo i loko.
- hoʻomohala pono ʻole ʻia nā pincer o mua, ʻoi aku ka nui a kūkulu ʻia e haki nā pūpū o ka mea pio, a ʻo ka mea hema he liʻiliʻi a hoʻololi i kahi puna no ka ʻai ʻana
- ʻano antennae o ka crayfish
- kala ʻeleʻele me nā kaha poni ma nā ʻaoʻao a me ke kala melemele o ka ʻōpū
- haʻi ʻia ka dimorphism moekolohe - ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne a loaʻa i ka semicircular ma mua o ka ʻōpū triangular
- ʻo ka piko o ka carapace i uhi ʻia me nā spine conical, ʻoi aku ka laulā ma mua o ka lōʻihi
- kuhikuhi i ke kuamoʻo ma mua i ka rostrum, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka ʻaoʻao thoracic o ka carapace
- ʻeono mau spines ma ka ʻaoʻao waena o ka pūpū ma ke kua, ʻokoʻa i ka 4 mau ulu i loko o kahi ʻohana pili loa o kā Kamchatka ʻano, ka pāpaʻi polū
- nā papa kūpono ʻole e uhi ana i ka ʻōpū o kahi arthropod
- huelo palupalu, e hōʻike ana no nā crayfish huelo lahilahi, a ʻo ia pū kekahi me nā hermits muliwai
Hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki, hoʻolei ka pāpaʻi ʻo Kamchatka i kona pūpū. Ma mua o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o kahi arthropod hou, ke ulu ikaika nei ia. I ka ʻelemakule, hoʻololi kekahi poʻe i kā lākou carapace i kēlā me kēia 2 makahiki. ʻO ka crayfish ʻōpio, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, molt ʻelua manawa o ka makahiki.
ʻAʻole wale ka leho o waho e loli, akā ʻo nā paia chitinous hoʻi i ka esophagus, ka puʻuwai, ka ʻōpū o ka holoholona. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka pūpū o ka pāpaʻi mōʻī me ka chitin. Ua aʻo ʻia ma ka Moscow Institute of Biophysics mai 1961. ʻO nā ʻepekema hoihoi ʻo Khitin e like me:
- Nā mea pono ponoʻī no nā sutures ʻoki lāʻau.
- Lena no nā lole.
- Hoʻohui i ka pepa e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana pepa.
- ʻO kahi ʻāpana o nā lāʻau e kōkua i ka hōʻike radiation.
Ma Vladivostok a me Murmansk, hana ʻia ka chitose (kahi polysaccharide e like me cellulose) mai chitin ma kahi pāʻoihana. Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā hale hana kūikawā i nā kūlanakauhale.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
Kahi noho pāpaʻi o Kamchatka kai kai. Ma ke ʻano he maʻi ʻaʻai, hiki i ka arthropod ke noho i nā kahawai. Akā noho wale nā pāpaʻi ʻoiaʻiʻo i ke kai. I ke kai ākea, koho ʻo nā pāpaʻi Kamchatka:
- nā wahi me ke one a lepo paha o lalo
- hohonu mai 2 a 270 mau mika
- ka wai anuanu o ka salinity medium
Ma ke kūlohelohe, he ʻalalā ka pāpaʻi aliʻi. Ke neʻe mau nei ka arthropod. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke ala. Eia nō naʻe, i ka makahiki 1930, ua koi ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻololi i kāna mau ala neʻe maʻamau.
Ua komo ke kāne. I ka USSR, he waiwai kūʻai hoʻolilo ʻo Kamchatka crab. I loko o ka wai maoli, ua hopu ʻia ka maʻi iʻa e nā lawaiʻa o Iāpana kokoke. I loaʻa ʻole nā mea hoʻokūkū no ka lawaiʻa, ua lawe ʻia nā arthropods i ke kai Barents.
- I ka 1932 ka hoʻāʻo mua. Ua kūʻai ʻo Joseph Sachs he ʻumi mau pāpaʻi ola ma Vladivostok. Makemake ka zologist e alakaʻi i nā holoholona i ke kai, akā ua kūleʻa wale ʻo ia i ke kaʻa lawe ukana o ke kaʻaahi. Ua make ka maʻi kanesa wahine ʻoi loa ma ka puka o Krasnoyarsk. Hopu ʻia ka laʻana ma ke kiʻi. Pāpaʻi Kamchatka moe ma nā ala kaʻaahi i nā ʻāina maʻamau ʻole no ia.
- Ma 1959, ua hoʻoholo lākou e hāʻawi i nā pāpaʻi ma ka mokulele, e hoʻolilo kālā ana i nā pono hana e kākoʻo i ke ola o nā arthropods i ka wā o ka lele. ʻAʻole lākou i hoʻokaʻawale i ke kālā, i ka manawa e lawe ai i ka huakaʻi o ka Pelekikena o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Ua kāpae ʻia kāna kipa ʻana, a me ka neʻe ʻana o ka crayfish.
- I ka hāʻule o 1960, ua hoʻokele ka mea hoʻokolohua ʻo Yuri Orlov e hāʻawi ola i nā pāpaʻi i Murmansk, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokuʻu iā lākou ma muli o ka lohi o nā keʻena. Ua hāʻawi ʻia ka hoʻokipa ma 1961 wale nō.
- I ka makahiki 1961 like, ua hāʻawi ʻo Orlov a me kāna hui i nā pāpaʻi hou i Murmansk, a hoʻokuʻu iā lākou i ke kai Barents.
I ke kai Barents, hānai maikaʻi ʻia ka pāpaʻi aliʻi. Ua hoʻokūkū hou ʻia. Ua hiki aku ka heluna kanaka ma ka muliwai o Nolewai. I kēia manawa ke ʻimi nei ʻo ia me Rūsia no ka hopu ʻana i ka pāpaʻi. Hoʻokūkū pū kekahi ia i nā wai hou me:
- haddock
- ʻōhumu
- cod
- iʻa lika
Hoʻoneʻe ka pāpaʻi i nā lāhui i helu ʻia, kēlā me kēia mea kalepa. No laila, pili nā pono o ka neʻe hou ʻana i kēia ʻano. ʻAe like pū nā Kanada me kēia. Lawe ʻia ka pāpaʻi aliʻi i ko lākou kapakai i ka hopena o ke kenekulia i hala.
Laha pāpaʻa Kamchatka
ʻAʻohe kūlana kūlana o ka pāpaʻi aliʻi. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻike aliʻi ma luna o ka honua.
- Nā māiʻuʻu pāpaʻi King aʻo ia nō ka mea nui loa ma kahakai o Kanada. ʻO ka laulā o ka pūpū o nā arthropods kūloko i 29 kenimika.
- ʻO nā kānaka mai ke Kai Barents he nui waena. ʻO ka laulā o ke carapace o nā arthropods ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 25 kenimika.
- ʻO nā pāpaʻi Mōʻī i loko o ka wai o ke kai ʻo Okhotsk a me ke kai o Iapana ua liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe, kākaʻikahi ka nui ma mua o 22 kenimika ākea.
Ma waho o ke kapakai o Kamchatka, Sakhalin a me nā mokupuni Kuril, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka crayfish aliʻi ma muli o ka moʻa keʻa. Noho pū kahi pā hau liʻiliʻi ma kahi kokoke i ka heluna lehulehu.
Pāpaʻi Kamchatka i ka nāhelehele
Hoʻohui pū kekahi i kekahi i kekahi, e hāʻawi ana i nā keiki hiki ke hoʻohuihui ʻia i ka loko wai. ʻO ka lua o ka mea i ka ulu ʻana o nā pāpaʻi ka mahana o ka wai. ʻOi aku ke kiʻekiʻe ma waho o ke kapakai o ʻAmelika. No laila, ulu wikiwiki nā arthropods, e loaʻa ana ka nui o ka nui.
ʻO ka meaʻai kūpono a Kamchatka crab
He omnivorous ka arthropod, akā ʻike wale ia i nā mea kanu mea kanu ke loaʻa ka hemahema o ka holoholona. Ma mua o ka pāpaʻi ʻo Kamchatka e hopu ana:
- hydroids, ʻo ia hoʻi nā invertebrates wai
- crustaceans
- ʻino kai
- ʻo nā ʻano pūpū āpau
- iʻa liʻiliʻi e like me gobies
ʻImi pū ka pāpaʻi aliʻi no ka iʻa hōkū. ʻO nā heʻe a me nā ʻāpana kai e "kau nā maka" ma luna o nā aliʻi o lākou iho. Ma waena o nā laha pili, makaʻu nā ʻōpelu ʻo Kamchatka i ka pāpaʻi quadrangular. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka ʻenemi nui o ke koa o ka ʻatikala, ʻo ia ke kāne. Mahalo ʻo ia i ka ʻiʻo holoholona, ka mea ʻaʻole haʻahaʻa i ka ʻono a me ke olakino i ka ula.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Ua lilo ʻo Kamchatka crayfish i oʻo makua ma ka makahiki 8-10 i ka hihia o nā kāne a me 5-7 i ka hihia o nā wahine. Noho nā ʻōpū o nā lā ma kahi o 20-23 mau makahiki.
ʻO ka pōʻai hānau o ka pāpaʻi aliʻi penei:
- I ka hoʻoilo, hele aku nā arthropods i ka hohonu, ke kali nei i ke anuanu ma laila.
- I ka pūnāwai, holo wikiwiki nā pāpaʻi i nā wai mehana o ke kahakai, laina a hoʻomākaukau no ka hānau ʻana.
- Hoʻoponopono ka wahine momona i ka hua mua o nā hua ma nā wāwae o ka ʻōpū, a mālama i ka lua i ka ʻōpū.
- Ke hatch nā pāpaʻi mai nā hua ma nā wāwae o ka wahine, hoʻoneʻe ʻo ia i ka lua o nā hua i nā lālā.
I ka wā hānau, hoʻomoe ka pāpaʻi wahine ʻo Kamchatka ma kahi o 300 tausani mau hua. E ola ma kahi o 10%. ʻAi ʻia ke koena e nā mea ʻaihue kai.
Pehea e kuke ai i ka pāpaʻi Kamchatka
ʻO ke kumu kūʻai pāpale Kamchatka hōʻike i kona waiwai, mea ʻono. ʻO ke kilo o nā paws arthropod ma Vladivostok e pili ana i 450 rubles. I nā wahi ʻē aʻe phalanxes o ka pāpaʻi aliʻi ʻoi aku ka pipiʻi.
ʻO ke kilokilo o ke kino o kahi maʻi ʻaʻai aliʻi ma mua o 2 tausani rubles. No nā ukana hou kēia. Paʻa ka pāpaʻi Kamchatka ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma Primorye, akā ʻoi aku ka pipiʻi ma nā wahi mamao.
Pāpaʻa ʻo Kamchatka i hoʻolapalapa ʻia
I mea e kuke pono ai kahi pāpaʻi, pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo i nā nuances penei:
- Live ka pāpaʻi Kamchatkamake i ka manawa o ka kuke ʻana i manaʻo ʻia he ʻono loa. ʻAʻole palupalu ka ʻiʻo paʻahau.
- ʻIʻo pāpaʻa Kamchatka he ʻono lahilahi. Hoʻokiʻi nā mea ʻala iā ia. ʻO Celery, nā lau bay, ka paʻakai, ka winika cider winika a me ka pepa ʻeleʻele hiki ke hoʻonui i ka ʻono, akā i ke kaulike.
- He mea nui ʻaʻole e hōʻola i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Me ka hoʻolōʻihi lōʻihi, ʻo kaʻiʻo, e like me ka heʻe, lilo i rubbery. Hoʻomaulia ʻia ka manawa kuke mai ke kaupaona o ka pāpaʻi. ʻO ka 500 gram mua o kāna nui e lawe i 15 mau minuke. No kēlā me kēia paona aʻe - 10 mau minuke.
- Lawe i ka pāpaʻi i waho o ka pā, waiho ʻia me kona kua i lalo, i ka pale ʻana i ka wai mai kahe mai. Pono ʻo ia e hoʻomau i ka māʻona i kaʻiʻo.
Maikaʻi kaʻawale ʻo Kamchatka crab meat, i nā salakeke, ma ke ʻano he hoʻopiha no ka moa mea i ukuhi ʻia. Eia kekahi, maikaʻi ka huahana me nā hua puaʻa porcini a ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui i ka pasta Italia.
