ʻO nā koholā kekahi o nā kamaʻāina kahiko loa o ka honua, no ka mea, ua ʻike mua ʻia lākou ma mua o mākou - nā kānaka, ʻoi aku ma mua o kanalima miliona mau makahiki i hala. ʻO ke koholā poʻo poʻo, kahi koholā koholā, no ka suborder o nā koholā koholā ʻole, a ʻo ia wale nō ka lunamaka o ke ʻano kohola kohola.
ʻO koʻu ola āpau kohola kik Bowhead noho nei i nā wai polar wale nō o ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka honua. Noho ʻo ia i loko o nā ʻano loko ʻino he aneane hiki ʻole i ke kanaka ke noho ma laila i mea e aʻo maikaʻi ai iā ia.
ʻElua mau kenekulia i hala Ōlelo 'Āina' Ōmaʻomaʻo kohola noho aliʻi i loko o ka Moana Arctic holoʻokoʻa. Ua mahele ʻia kona ʻano i ʻekolu ʻāpana, i neʻe i loko o nā pā bipi ma ka palena o ka Arctic Circle. Hoʻololi wale nā moku ma waena o ka iʻa nunui e māʻalo ana.
I kēia manawa, ua emi loa ko lākou helu, manaʻo ka ʻepekema ʻaʻohe mea i koe he ʻumi tausani kohola i koe. ʻO kahi laʻana, ma ke Kai o Okhotsk ʻehā wale nō haneli o lākou. ʻIke liʻiliʻi loa ia i ka wai o ka Hikina Siberian a me ke kai Chukchi. Loaʻa pinepine ʻia i ke kai Beaufort a me Bering.
Hiki i kēia mau māmela nunui ke luʻu maʻalahi i kahi hohonu o ʻekolu haneli mau mika, akā makemake lākou e noho kokoke i ka papa o ka wai no ka manawa hou aku.
Ke wehewehe nei i ke kohola kakaka, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia e noho ana kona poʻo i ka hapakolu o ka holoholona holoʻokoʻa. Ulu ka kāne i ʻumikūmāwalu mika ka lōʻihi, ʻoi aku ka nui o kā lākou wahine - iwakāluakūmālua mika.
I ke alaula piha o ka ikaika Ōlelo 'Āina' Ōmaʻomaʻo kohola kaupaona hoʻokahi haneli tona, akā aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona e ulu nei i hoʻokahi haneli me kanalima mau tona. He mea hoihoi ia nā holoholona nunui a hilahila loa i ke ʻano.
A e heʻe ana i ka ʻili, inā noho kahi limu a i ʻole cormorant ma kona kua, ʻaʻole e hoʻokaʻulua ke koholā me ka weliweli e lele i loko o ka hohonu a kali ma laila a hiki i ka lele ʻana o nā manu makaʻu.
Nui loa ka iwi poʻo o ka koholā, pelupelu kona waha i ke ʻano o ka huapalapala Pelekania huli ʻo "V", a pili pono nā maka liʻiliʻi ma nā kihi o kona mau kihi. ʻIke ʻole nā maka o nā koholā Bowhead, ʻaʻole ʻaʻala iki lākou.
ʻOi aku ka nui o ka iwi ā lalo ma mua o ka mea kiʻekiʻe, ua hoʻokau iki ʻia i mua; loaʻa ka vibrissae, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke ʻano o ka kohola. Ua pena keʻokeʻo ʻia kona ʻūlū nui. Hoʻopili ʻia ka ihu o ka iʻa a ʻoiʻoi a hiki i ka hopena.
ʻO ke kino holoʻokoʻa o ka māmela he laumanu optic, hina-polū i ke kala. ʻO ka ʻili i waho o ke koholā, ʻokoʻa kona mau ʻaoʻao, ʻaʻole uhi ʻia me nā ulu a me nā pimples. ʻO ia nā koholā polar i maʻalahi ʻole i nā maʻi parasite e like me nā barnacles a me nā kika kohola.
ʻO ka fin dorsal ma ke kua o ke kohola kahi i hala ʻole, akā aia he mau puʻupuʻu ʻelua. ʻIke maopopo ʻia lākou ke nānā ʻoe i ka holoholona mai ka ʻaoʻao. ʻO nā peʻa, aia ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka holoholona, ākea ākea ma ko lākou kumu, pōkole, a poepoe poepoe ʻia kā lākou mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo, e like me nā hoe ʻelua. ʻIke ʻia ʻo ka naʻau o nā koholā kīʻaha ke kaupaona wale ʻia ma mua o ʻelima haneli mau kilokika a ua like ia me ka nui o kahi kaʻa.
ʻO nā koholā Bowhead ka whisker nui loa, ʻo kona kiʻekiʻe i ʻelima mau mika. ʻO ka whiskers, a i ʻole nā whiskers, aia i ka waha ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua, aia ma kahi o 350 o lākou ma kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao.
ʻAʻole lōʻihi kēia ʻumiʻumi, akā lahilahi hoʻi, ma muli o ka lahilahi, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i hala ka iʻa liʻiliʻi e ka ʻōpū o ke koholā. Palekana ʻia ka holoholona mai ka wai hau o ka Moana ʻĀkau e kāna momona subcutaneite, ʻo ka mānoanoa o kāna papa he kanahiku kenimika.
Ma ka ʻaoʻao parietal o ke poʻo o ke koholā he mau ʻāpana nui, kahi e puhi ai i loko o laila e hoʻokuʻu ai ʻo ia i nā punawai he ʻehiku mika me ka ikaika luku. He mana loa ko kēia mammal e haki i nā floes hau he kanakolu kenetimita ka mānoanoa me kāna puka. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka huelo ma o ka kohola polar ma kahi o ʻumi mau mika. Kikoʻī kona mau wēlau, a aia kekahi kaumaha nui ma ka waena o ka huelo.
Ke ʻano a me ka nohona o ke koholā poʻo poʻo
E like me kāu e ʻike ai, Kahi noho Greenlandic polar kohola ke hoʻololi mau nei, ʻaʻole lākou e noho ma kahi hoʻokahi, akā neʻe mau. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mehana o ka pūnāwai, ʻo nā māmela, ua ʻākoakoa i loko o kahi ʻohana, hele a kokoke i ka ʻākau.
ʻAʻole maʻalahi ko lākou ala, no ka mea, nā poloka nui o ka hau e ālai i ko lākou ala. A laila pono nā iʻa e lālani i kahi ala kūikawā - e like me ke kula a i ʻole e like me nā manu neʻe - i ka ʻeke.
ʻO ka mea mua, hiki i kēlā me kēia o lākou ke ʻai manuahi, a ʻo ka lua, i ka lālani ʻana i kēia ala, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi iā lākou e pahu i nā papa hau a lanakila i nā pilikia i ka wikiwiki. ʻĀ, me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā lā kau, ua ʻākoakoa hou lākou, a hoʻi pū pū.
Hoʻokaʻawale nā koholā i kā lākou manawa kaʻawale me ka kaʻawale, luʻu mau i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, a laila piʻi i luna. Luku lākou i kahi hohonu, no 10-15 mau minuke, a laila lele i waho e hemo, a hoʻokuʻu i nā punawai o ka wai.
Eia kekahi, lele lele lākou i waho me ka hoihoi, i ka hoʻomaka ʻana, kū mai kahi ahi nui i ka papa, a laila ka hapalua o ke kino. A laila, me ka manaʻo ʻole, ʻōwili koke mai ke kohola ma kona ʻaoʻao a lele ma luna ona. Inā ʻeha kahi holoholona, a laila e noho lōʻihi ma lalo o ka wai, ma kahi o hoʻokahi hola.
Ua aʻo nā kānaka noiʻi i ka hiamoe ʻana o nā koholā poʻo poʻo. Piʻi lākou i kahi kiʻekiʻe i hiki i ka papahele a hiamoe. Ma muli o ke kino, ma muli o ka momona, mālama pono i ka wai, hiamoe ka kohola.
I ka wā o kēia, ʻaʻole e piholo koke ke kino i lalo, akā hāʻule mālie ia. I ka hōʻea ʻana i kahi hohonu, hana ka holoholona i kahi pā ʻoi loa me kāna huelo nui, a piʻi hou i luna.
He aha ka ʻai a ke kohola kohola?
ʻO kāna papaʻai nā crustacea liʻiliʻi, nā hua iʻa a me nā ʻai, a me nā pterygopods. Ua hohonu a hohonu ia, a i ka wikiwiki o iwakālua mau kilomita i kēlā me kēia hola, e wehe ana i kona waha i ka hiki ke hiki, hoʻomaka e kānana i ka nui o ka wai.
Lahilahi kona ʻumiʻī a hiki i ka liʻiliʻi ʻana o nā plangtons ʻekolu-millimeter e kau ana ma luna o lākou e wili koke ʻia me ko lākou alelo a ale ʻia me ka leʻaleʻa. No ka lawa ʻana o kahi iʻa, pono ʻo ia e ʻai ma ka liʻiliʻi o ʻelua tone o ka meaʻai i kēlā me kēia lā.
Akā i kēlā manawa, i ka wā hoʻoilo-hoʻoilo, ʻaʻole ʻai nā koholā i kekahi mea ma mua o ka hapalua makahiki. Hoʻopakele lākou iā lākou i ka pōloli e nā nui momona i hōʻiliʻili ʻia e ke kino.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke kohola bowhead
ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kau moʻo no nā koholā i ke kau mua o ka puna. ʻO nā kāne o ka moekolohe kāne, e like me ka mea kūpono iā lākou, haku a hīmeni iā lākou iho. Eia kekahi, me ka hoʻomaka o ka makahiki e hiki mai ana ua mele lākou i kahi mele hou a ʻaʻole hou hou iā lākou iho.
Hoʻokomo nā koholā i ko lākou mau manaʻo no nā kumu hou, ʻaʻole wale no hoʻokahi mea aloha, akā no nā wahine ʻē aʻe he nui, i ʻike nā mea āpau i ke ʻano o ke kāne uʻi e noho ana ma ia wahi. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, ʻo lākou, e like me nā kāne āpau, polygamous.
E hoʻolohe balota Ōlelo 'Āina' Ōmaʻomaʻo kohola loa hoihoi... ʻO ka poʻe e ʻike ana i nā koholā i mālama ʻia i loko o ka lawe pio ʻana ua ʻōlelo lākou i nā makahiki i hiki i ka holoholona ke hoʻohuli i nā kani a nā kānaka.
ʻO nā koholā, i waena o nā mea ola āpau, ke kani leo nui loa, a hiki i nā lede ke lohe iā lākou, he ʻumikūmālima kaukani kilomita mai lākou aku. Me ke kōkua o ka vibrissae, hāpai nā mea māmala i ka leo i hiki i ke kino o ka hoʻolohe. ʻO ka manawa hānau no kahi koholā wahine he ʻumikūmākolu mau mahina. A laila hānau ʻo ia i hoʻokahi pēpē, a no hoʻokahi makahiki aʻe e hānai ʻo ia iā ia me kāna waiū.
Mānoanoa ka waiū o ke koholā i hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia kona kūlike me ka ʻāpiki niho. No ka mea he kanalima pākēneka kona momona, a he nui ka protein i loko ona.
Hānau ʻia nā pēpē me kahi papa momona, kahi e pale ai iā lākou mai ka hypothermia, ʻelima a ʻehiku mika ka lōʻihi. Akā i hoʻokahi makahiki, hānai umauma wale nō lākou, ulu a kūpono lākou, a hiki i umikūmālima mau mika ka lōʻihi a kaupaona ʻia he 50-60 mau tona.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, i ka lā mua ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, loaʻa i ke keiki ma kahi o hoʻokahi haneli lita o ka waiū o ka makuahine. ʻOi aku ka māmā o nā kala o nā keiki hānau ma mua o ko lākou mau mākua. Poepoe lākou a ʻoi aku e like me ka barela nui.
ʻO ka huelo kohola Bowhead
Mālama mālama nui nā wahine, ʻaʻole hānai wale lākou i nā keiki, akā pale pū kekahi iā lākou mai nā ʻenemi. Ke ʻike nei i kahi kohola kohola ma kahi kokoke, e hoʻokau ka makuahine i ka lawehala me kāna huelo nui.
ʻO ka manawa aʻe e hāpai ai kahi koholā wahine ma hope o ʻelua a ʻekolu paha makahiki. ʻO ka huina nui o nā koholā e ola nei, he ʻumikūmālima pākēneka wale nō nā wahine hāpai.
Noho nā koholā Bowhead ma kahi o kanalima mau makahiki. Akā, e like me kou ʻike, ua manaʻo ʻia lākou he kenekulia. A hoʻopaʻa nā kānaka ʻepekema i nā hihia he nui i ka wā i ola ai nā koholā i ʻelua haneli mau makahiki a ʻoi paha.
I nā makahiki kanahiku o ke kenekulia i hala Ōlelo 'Āina' Ōmaʻomaʻo kohola hoʻolauna i ka Buke Ulaula ma ke ʻano he ʻano mea ʻaneʻane pau ʻole, no ka mea he hihi lākou, ʻaʻa ʻole i ka hopu holoholona. I ka mua, ua hāpai ka lawaiʻa i kēlā mau koholā i make, a holoi ʻia lākou i uka e ka wai.
Ua hoʻohana lākou i kā lākou momona a me ka ʻiʻo e like me ka mākaukau i loaʻa a me ka meaʻai nui. Akā ʻaʻohe palena o ka makee kanaka, ua hoʻomaka nā poachers e luku iā lākou i mea e kūʻai aku ai iā lākou. I kēia lā, pāpā loa ʻia ka ʻimi ʻana koholā a hoʻopaʻi ʻia e ke kānāwai. Minamina, ʻaʻole i kū nā hihia o ka ʻaihue.
