ʻO ka holoholona kahiko hoofed e noho ana ma ʻAmelika Hema - antelope pronghorn (lat. ʻAntilocapra americana). I ka wā Pleistocene, i pau i ka 11.7 tausani mau makahiki i hala aku nei, aia he 70 a ʻoi paha o kēia ʻano, akā i ko mākou au hoʻokahi wale nō i ola, helu ʻelima mau ʻāpana.
Ka wehewehe a me nā hiʻohiʻona o pronghorn
ʻAʻole ia he mea kūpono i hāʻawi ʻia ai ka pronghorn i kahi inoa e haʻi nei. ʻOi loa a wili hoʻi kona mau pepeiaohao, a ulu aʻe i nā kāne a me nā wahine. I nā kāne, ʻoi aku ka nui a me ka mānoanoa o nā pepeiaohao (30 cm ka lōʻihi), ʻoiai i nā wahine liʻiliʻi lākou (mai ʻoi aku i ka nui o nā pepeiao, ma kahi o 5-7 cm) a ʻaʻole lala.
E like me nā saigas, loaʻa i nā pepeiaohao pronghorn kahi uhi i hoʻohou hou ʻia i hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki ma hope o ka wā hānau no 4 mau mahina. He hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa kēia e hōʻoia i ke kūlana waena o pronghorn ma waena o nā bovids a me nā dia, ʻoiai nā holoholona ʻē aʻe me nā uhi pepeiaohao, no ka laʻana, nā bipi a me nā kao, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻokahe.
I ka helehelena pronghorn - he holoholona lohi a nani hoʻi me ke kino palupalu, e like me nā dia. ʻO ka waha, e like me nā lunamaka o nā ungulate, elongated a elongated. ʻIke maka nā maka, nui, aia ma nā ʻaoʻao a hiki ke ʻike i kahi ma 360 kekelē.
Hiki i ka lōʻihi o ke kino i 130 cm, a ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe i nā poʻohiwi he 100 cm. Hiki ke hoʻololi i ke kaumaha mai 35 a 60 kg. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne a hiki i 6 mau momona mammary ma ko lākou ʻōpū.
ʻO ka lauoho o ka pronghorn ʻeleʻele ma ka hope a māmā i ka ʻōpū. Aia kahi kiko keʻokeʻo semi-mahina ma ka ʻāʻī. ʻEleʻele nā kāne ma ka ʻāʻī a me ka waha i ke ʻano o ka mask. Liʻiliʻi ka huelo, kokoke i ke kino. ʻO nā wāwae he ʻelua keu me ka ʻole o nā manamana wāwae.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kūloko o nā pronghorn ke kū ʻana o ka gallbladder a hoʻomohala i nā gores hohono e ʻumeʻume i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e ka honi. Hāʻawi ʻia kahi neʻe wikiwiki e kahi trachea i hoʻomohala ʻia a me nā māmā voluminous, kahi puʻuwai nui, kahi manawa e hoʻokele wikiwiki ai i ke koko oxygenated ma o ke kino.
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā forelegs me nā pads cartilaginous e ʻae i ka neʻe ʻana ma ka ʻāina pōhaku paʻakikī me ka ʻole e hōʻino i nā lālā.
He aha ka ʻāina e ola ai ka pronghorn a me nā mea kū i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana, e hānai ʻana iā ʻAmelika ʻĀkau mai Kanada a hiki i ke komohana o Mexico he nui nā wahi ākea (steppes, māla, wao akua a me nā wao akua), kiʻekiʻe a ʻekolu tausani mika ma luna o ka ʻilikai. kahi e noho ai nā pronghorn... Noho lākou ma kahi kokoke i nā kumu wai a me nā mea kanu nui.
Mea ʻai antelope Pronghorn
Ma muli o ko lākou nohona herbivorous, hiki i nā pronghorn ke inu i ka wai i hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule, e like me ka momona o nā mea kanu iā lākou. Akā ʻai mau lākou, keʻoki nei no ka hiamoe pōkole 3 hola.
ʻAi ʻo Pronghorn i nā mea kanu lau nahele, nā lau o nā laʻalāʻau, cacti i hele mai i ke ala, i lawa ka nui ma ka ʻāina nui kahi e ola ai ka pronghorn.
ʻO Pronghorn ka maʻa o ka hana ʻana i nā leo like ʻole, e kamaʻilio pū ana kekahi me kekahi. Hoʻopiʻiʻo Cubs, kāhea aku i ko lākou makuahine, uō nui nā kāne i ka wā o ka hakakā, kāhea nā wahine i nā pēpē me ke kahe.
Na wikiwiki Pronghorn ʻo ka lua wale nō i ka cheetah a ulu aʻe a i 67 km / h, ke hoʻololi nei i ka holo ʻana me nā lele i kahi mamao o 0.6 km. ʻO nā wāwae i hoʻomohala ʻia i ka papa o ka evolution e ʻae i ka pronghorn e hoʻolohi ʻole, e mahuka ana i nā mea ʻaihue, akā ʻaʻole ia e kū i ka wikiwiki no ka lōʻihi a lele i waho no 6 km.
I ke kiʻi, kahi wahine antongona pronghorn wahine
ʻAʻole hiki i ka Pronghorn ke lele ma luna o nā ālaina kiʻekiʻe, nā pā, ʻo ia ke kumu no ka make ʻana o nā holoholona he nui i nā manawa o ka hau a me ka pōloli. ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke hele i ka pā, hele i ka meaʻai.
Pronghorn - holoholona aloha I ke kau a me ka hoʻoilo, ʻākoakoa nā kānaka a neʻe ma lalo o ke alakaʻi a ke alakaʻi i wae ʻia. Nā ʻike hoihoi e pili ana i nā pronghorn ʻo ia nō ka wahine ke alakaʻi mau, a ʻaʻole komo nā ʻelemākule i ka ʻohana, hele huakaʻi like. I ke kauwela, i ka wā hānau, haki nā hui.
Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻo Antelope i kahi kiaʻi i ka wā o ka hānai ʻana, nāna i ʻike i ka pilikia, hāʻawi i kahi hōʻailona i ka pūʻā holoʻokoʻa. Hoʻokahi i kekahi, hoʻopili nā pronghorn i ko lākou lauoho, e hāpai ana i ka hulu i ka hope. I ka manawa koke, uhi ka makaʻu i nā holoholona āpau.
Hōʻike ka kiʻi i kahi pua liʻiliʻi o pronghorn
I ka nele o ka meaʻai i ka hoʻoilo, neʻe ka antelope i kahi mamao loa, me ka hoʻololi ʻole i nā ala no nā makahiki, no 300 km. I mea e hele ai i ka meaʻai, haki nā pronghorn i ka hau a me ka hau, ʻeha i nā wāwae. ʻO nā Predators e ʻimi i nā pronghorn he holoholona nui: nā ʻīlio hae, lynxes a me nā coyotes.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
ʻO ke kau hānau ma ke kauwela a ʻo ka manawa o ka noho aloha ma kahi o ʻelua mau pule. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā wahine a me nā kāne i nā hui ʻokoʻa e noho ana i kā lākou mau wahi ponoʻī.
Hū ka hakakā ma waena o nā kāne, a hoʻopau ʻeha me ka ʻeha no ka mea nalo. Hoʻokomo nā kāne i 15 mau wahine i kā lākou harem, ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia i hoʻokahi. Inā ʻae ka wahine e komo i ka wahine a ʻae i ka pili aloha o ke kāne, hāpai ʻo ia i kāna huelo, e ʻae i ke kāne e hui pū me ia.
I ke kiʻi, kahi antelope pronghorn me kahi cub
Hānau ʻia ʻo 1-2 cubs i hoʻokahi ʻōpala i hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki. He 8 mau mahina o ka hāpai ʻana. ʻAʻohe kōkua o nā keiki hānau hou, hae me ke kala hina hina a me kahi kaumaha iki a 4 kg. Peʻe lākou i ka mauʻu no ka nāwaliwali o ko lākou mau wāwae a ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke pakele mai kahi makaʻu. Hele kipa ka makuahine i kāna keiki i 4 manawa i ka lā no ka hānai ʻana.
Ma hope o 1.5 mau mahina. hiki i nā pēpē ke hui pū me nā holoholona nui, a i ka piha ʻana o 3 mau makahiki. hooki ka wahine i ka hānai ʻana iā lākou me ka waiū, a kuapo nā pronghorn ʻōpio i ka hānai ʻana i ka mauʻu. ʻO ke ola ola a 7 mau makahiki, akā ʻaʻole ola iki ka pronghorn a hiki i ka 12.
Ka pilina kanaka, ka ʻimi a me ka pale ʻana o Pronghorn
Ma muli o kāna ʻiʻo, nā pepeiaohao a me nā ʻili, ua lilo ka pronghorn i mea e alualu ai kānaka. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia 20, ua hōʻole nui ka heluna kanaka, a he 20 tausani wale nō i koe o ka miliona.
Hoʻonāuki ka pololi i ka antelope e hōʻino i ka ʻāina mahi ʻai a me nā māla, e hehi a ʻai i ka palaoa, e hōʻeha ai i nā kānaka. ʻAʻole ʻae ka hilahila o ka holoholona e hana nui kiʻi o kahi pronghorn.
2 o 5 mau ʻohana pronghorn i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka puke Red no ko lākou heluna haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka pale o kēia mau holoholona i alakaʻi ʻia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e hoʻi hou nei kā lākou heluna kanaka, a i kēia manawa ua ulu ka helu i 3 miliona mau poʻo.
