Larga - kahi ʻano o nā sila maʻamau e noho ana ma kahakai o Lūkia Far East, ma ka wai ʻākau o ka Moana Pākīpika mai nā mokupuni ʻo Iapana a i Alaska. ʻO ka inoa ʻepekema no kēia mau mea uʻi (Phoca largha) ʻo ka Lākina "phoca" - sila, a ʻo ka Tunguska "largha", a, ʻano ʻē, ua unuhi ʻia hoʻi "sila".
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka sila sila
ʻAʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia kēia mau sila i ka nui ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o kēia mau māmela. He kūkulu paʻa ko lākou, kahi poʻo liʻiliʻi me kahi muʻo elongated a me kahi ihu maʻemaʻe V-like. Ma luna o nā maka a ma ka waha, hiki i kekahi ke ʻike i kahi ʻumiʻumi mānoanoa mānoanoa (vibrissae), kahi a ke ʻano i hāʻawi manawaleʻa ʻia me ka larga.
ʻO nā maka o ka sila sila nui, ʻeleʻele a hōʻike loa. Ma muli o nā peculiarities o ke ʻano o nā maka, ʻike maikaʻi nā sila ma lalo o ka wai a me ka ʻāina. Pele loa kā lākou mau haumāna a ʻeleʻele ko lākou mau maka. Ke hoʻoinu mau nei nā maka o nā ʻōpio, no ka mea pono lākou i ka hydration, hana kēia i kā lākou nānā ke komo i loko.
Liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā peʻa o mua, ke hoʻokele nei i lalo o ka wai e hana lākou ma ke ʻano he rudders, a hāʻawi ka hope hope i ka traction. ʻO nā palaka hope, ʻoiai ko lākou nui, ikaika loa a muscular.
Larga sila nui aia ma waena o 1.9-2.2 m, kaupaona ke kaumaha ma muli o ke kau: i ke kauwela 130-150 kg, ma hope o ka hoʻoilo - 80-100 wale nō. Nā ʻokoʻa o ka nui ma waena o nā wahine a sila kāne mea ʻole.
Hōʻike o ka sila sila ʻaʻole piha ia, inā ʻaʻole e ʻōlelo iki i kāna kala. Nāna nō ia i kapa ʻia ka sila i ka sila motley a me ka sila ʻike. Aia i ka nohona, hiki ke ʻokoʻa ke kala o ka sila mai ka kālā a i ka hina hina.
ʻO nā wahi liʻiliʻi o ke ʻano kūlike ʻole e hoʻopuehu liʻiliʻi ʻia ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ko lākou kala ke ʻano o ka nui o ka pouli ma mua o ka leo nui. ʻO ka hapa nui o kēia mau kiko kikoʻī aia ma ke kua a me ke poʻo o ka holoholona.
ʻO ka nohona sila sila a me kahi nohona
Sila sila makemake ʻo ia e ʻauʻau i nā wai pāpaʻu, i nā coves mālie a hoʻomaha ma nā kahakai kahakai a i ʻole nā mokupuni liʻiliʻi. Hiki i hoʻokahi haneli mau kānaka ke lilo i hoʻokahi manawa i hoʻokahi rookery; i ka wā o ka spawning o ka iʻa ʻoihana, aia i ko lākou helu i nā kaukani.
ʻO nā pūnana o nā sila, e like me ka mea pili loa, ka sila ʻumiʻumi (sila ʻumiʻumi), hana ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā a wāwahi ʻia me ke au. I ka hoʻoilo a me ka wanaʻao, i ka wā o ka hoʻokumu wikiwiki ʻana o ka hau, makemake nā sila i ʻike ʻia e hoʻomaha ma nā ʻili hau.
Nā sila sila holoholona akahele loa, ʻaʻole hele iki lākou mai ke kapakai aku, i hiki ai ke luʻu koke i loko o ka wai inā pilikia. ʻAʻole pili pili kēia sila i kekahi wahi a haʻalele maʻalahi i nā panalāʻau a lākou i koho ai ma mua. Inā makaʻu ka larga i kahi lā mai ka rookery mai, ʻaʻole paha e hoʻi hou i laila.
Pinepine ʻohana o ke sila, nā ʻumiʻumi ʻumiʻumi a me nā sila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, e noho i ke kaiāulu a hāʻawi ʻia me ka maluhia kekahi i kekahi. Akā i loko o nā laha he hierarchy koʻikoʻi: ikaika a nui nā kāne i ka wā hoʻomaha e kokoke loa i ka wai, hoʻoneʻe i nā holoholona maʻi a me nā holoholona ʻōpio. No laila he nui nā manawa e pakele ai ka poʻe koʻikoʻi ke loaʻa ka hoʻoweliweli mai ka ʻāina.
Ma ka hau, neʻe wikiwiki nā sila, ʻoiai ka lohi o ko lākou ʻano. Hoʻomanaʻo hou kā lākou neʻe ʻana i nā heihei clumsy. Akā i ka wai he lokomaikaʻi maoli lākou a wikiwiki hoʻi. ʻO ke kai ko lākou home no lākou.
ʻO ka ʻenemi kūlohelohe nui o ka sila ʻaʻole ka polar bear, e like me ka manaʻo o ka nui, akā ʻo ke kohola kohola. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole kūpikipiki nā bea i ka huli holoholona momona, hānai maikaʻi ʻia, akā ma ko lākou lunamanaʻo he ʻāpana pōʻino wale nō o nā hoʻouka a me nā make o nā sila.
ʻO ka kohola kohola kekahi mea ʻē aʻe. Pepehi kēia mau mea ʻino nui a kolohe ʻole hoʻi me ka wikiwiki: lele lākou i uka, hopu i kahi mea pio manaʻo ʻole a huki hou iā ia i loko o ka wai.
Ma nā floes hau ʻaʻohe mea e pakele ai lākou kekahi: hipa lākou i ka hau me ko lākou mau poʻo, e koi ana i ka sila e lele i loko o ka wai, kahi e kakali nei nā moʻo like ʻelua iā ia.
Mea ʻai
Kahi noho paʻa - nā wai arctic anuanu o ka Moana Pākīpika. I ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, hiki iā lākou ke huakaʻi i nā mile he mau haneli. I ka wā o nā salmonid, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā sila motley ma nā waha o ka muliwai, i kekahi manawa piʻi nui lākou - he ʻumi mau kilomita.
Loaʻa iā Largi ka hiki ke hoʻololi wikiwiki i nā meaʻai kūpono a me ka nui. Pili kā lākou papaʻai i ke kau, akā i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka makahiki e hoʻokumu ʻia ia i nā iʻa, nā invertebrates a me nā crustacea.
ʻAi ʻo Larga a me nā iʻa benthic, a me ka pelagic. Herring, capelin, polar cod, pollock, navaga. ʻo ka smelt a me nā jambs ʻē aʻe kāna meaʻono punahele.
ʻAi pū nā sila ʻike i ka salemona, hiki iā lākou ke hopu i ka heʻe a i kahi pāpaʻi liʻiliʻi. Aia i kā lākou papaʻai ka ʻōpae, krill, a me nā ʻano pūmole he nui. No kāna mea pio, hiki i ka sila sila ke luʻu i kahi hohonu o 300 mika.
Nāwaliwali loa ka hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū waena ma waena o nā sila. Hoʻomaha lāua ʻelua i ke kaiāulu a ʻimi i nā wahi like. Hoʻoweliweli pinepine ʻo Larga i nā lawaiʻa me kāna lawaiʻa: haki a huikau paha ʻo ia i nā ʻupena i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka mea pio. Hoʻoweliweli pono nā lawaiʻa ʻike i nā sila i ʻole lākou e alualu i kahi kokoke.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Teviaki, sila a he nui nā sila ʻē aʻe he holoholona polygamous. Hana lākou i nā pālua hou i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ma hope o 10-11 mau mahina, hānau ʻia nā keiki ʻOkoʻa nā wā male a me ka whelping i nā lāhui like ʻole. Hana ʻia ka hana hoʻomomona i ka wai, akā ʻaʻole i hiki i ka ʻepekema ke nānā i kēia.
Wahine sila hānau i ka puna, i ka nui o nā hihia, hoʻokahi cub. ʻO ka wahi hānau kahi pinepine o ka wai hau, akā naʻe, me ka lawa ʻole o ka uhi hau a me kahi wā hau liʻiliʻi, hānau ka larga i nā keiki ma ka ʻāina. ʻO kahi laʻana kahaha o kēia ʻano ka heluna kanaka o kēia mau sila i ka wahi ʻo Peter the Great Bay.
ʻŌpio largi i ke kiʻi nana aku loa. ʻO kāna ʻahuʻulu hulu keʻokeʻo o nā keiki, kahi i hānau ʻia ai ia, hāʻawi i ka manaʻo he mea pāʻani ia. Me nā maka nunui, ke kiʻi o kahi sila liʻiliʻi he mea hiki ʻole ke hoʻohālikelike. Ke nānā nei iā lākou, ke noʻonoʻo nei ʻoe pehea ʻoe e lawaiʻa ai i kēia mau mea ola.
ʻO ke sila o ka pēpē i ka wā hānau hānau he 7 a 11 kg. ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana o ke kaupaona he 0.5-1 kg i kēlā me kēia lā, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma kahi o 10% o ka nui o ka nui. Hānai kahi makuahine hānai i kāna keiki no 20 - 25 mau lā, a ʻo ia ka manawa e hiki ai iā ia ke hele a ikaika i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaumaha, piʻi ka sila o ka mahina i 42 kg.
Me ka hopena o ka hānai ʻana i ka waiū, hana ka ʻīlio sila i ka molt ʻōpio i kapa ʻia: hoʻololi ia i kona hulu hau, no laila i kapa ʻia he pēpē, no kahi ʻili kiko kahina, e like me nā mākua.
Kūleʻa koke kēia - i nā lā he 5. Ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻo ia, hoʻomaka ʻo ia e alualu iā ia iho, a loaʻa iā ia kahi iʻa liʻiliʻi, akā aia nō me ka makuahine. Mālama ka sila ʻōpio i ke aloha iā ia i loko o ka makahiki, ʻoiai ma ka rookery, hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e noho ma lalo.
Sila sila
Hiki ke ʻike pinepine ʻia nā kāne ma kahi kokoke i ka wahine me ka ʻīlio. Kali lākou iā ia e loaʻa hou ka hiki ke male. Hiki i nā sila sila i ka moekolohe ma o 3-4 mau makahiki, kekahi poʻe ma hope - e 7. I ka nahelehele, noho kēia mau pinnipeds ma ka awelika ma kahi o 25 mau makahiki, keu hoʻi nā mea laki hiki ke ola 35.
ʻO Larga, ke kaumaha e like me ia, he ʻano kālepa o ka sila. Ma ka Hikina hikina, ʻo ka ʻimi ʻana i ka sila he ʻoihana maikaʻi loa. Wahi a nā poʻe loea, aia ma kahi o 230 tausani o lākou i ka honua.
