Kāhuli ʻo Derbnik he manu lele i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka lālā liʻiliʻi o ka ʻohana falcon i ka honua. I ka Middle Ages, hanohano loa ka waiho ʻana o nā falcon tame, ka wikiwiki a me ka wikiwiki o ka uila i hoʻohana ʻia i ka wā alualu holoholona.
A i kēia lā he nui nā ʻano falcon e hoʻohana ʻia e ka poʻe, no ka laʻana, e mālama pono i ka maluhia o nā lele a me nā pae ʻana ma nā kahua mokulele aia pololei i ka ʻāpana o ka neʻe manu manu. Derbnik Eia naʻe, he mea hulu manu iki ia ma mua o kahi nūnū maʻamau, no laila, ʻaʻole i hoʻohana ʻia e nā kānaka no ka ʻimi holoholona a i ʻole nā hana ʻē aʻe.
Hōʻike, nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā wahi noho
Ka wehewehe ʻana o ka falcon merlin pono ia e hoʻomaka me kona ana akahai, mai 24 a 30 mau kenimika. Hoʻomohala ʻia ka dimorphism moekolohe i kēia mau ʻelele o ka papa falcon, a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne.
ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ke kaumaha o nā manu ma mua o 300 gram. ʻO ka pae o nā ʻeheu mai 52 a 74 centimita. I ka wā o ka lele, ua like nā ʻeheu o ka merlin i ka pahi kākela, kani koke ka leo a sonorous. ʻOkoʻa ke kala o nā wahine a me nā kāne, a inā hoʻomalu ʻia nā kala o nā mea kahiko e nā leo ocher māmā me nā kiko brown brown, ʻo ka hope he polu a ʻulaʻula paha me kahi hueloʻeleʻele.
Inā ʻoe e nānā kiʻi o ka falal merlin, a laila kahi hiʻohiʻona kūikawā i ka ʻāʻī o ka ʻāʻī, e hoʻomanaʻo ana i kahi kola, hopu koke ka maka. ʻO "Whiskers", kahi ʻano o ka hapanui o nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana falcon, nāwaliwali loa i kēia mau manu.
ʻO ko ka wahine ʻano like me waho o Saker Falcons, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui o ke ana a me nā huelo kaha onionio me nā kaha kalima a me nā kaha ʻalani. ʻO ka wāwae o nā manu o nā kāne ʻelua he melemele lākou, hina nā nuku i ke oho, a ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele i ka iris. ʻOkoʻa nā ʻōpio i ke kala o ka plumage mai nā mākua.
ʻO ka ʻāpana o kēia mau manu ākea ākea, a i kēia lā ua loaʻa lākou i ka nui ma nā ʻāina e like me ʻAmelika ʻĀkau a me Eurasia. Ma ʻAmelika ke ola nei ka falalāʻau merlin mai Alaska a i ka wahi o ka nahele relict. Ma ka ʻāina ʻo Eurasia, hiki ke loaʻa maʻalahi iā lākou i ka tundra a me ka ululāʻau, koe wale no ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka taiga a me ka ululāʻau tundra.
Hōʻalo kēia mau manu i nā wahi mauna me ka nui ʻole o nā mea kanu a me nā kumulāʻau a me nā ululāʻau Taiga nui. ʻO ka mea nui, makemake lākou i nā ʻāina ākea, kahi e hoʻololi ai nā ululāʻau paina haʻahaʻa me nā bogs i hāpai ʻia a i ʻole nā wahi o ka nahele-tundra, ʻaʻohe o nā mea ulu nui.
ʻOiai ke noho nei kēia mau manu i nā wahi nui loa, hiki ke loli ko lākou kala a me ko lākou helehelena. I kēia manawa, ʻelima mau hui i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka ʻāina o ka Russian Federation. Loaʻa kēia mau ʻelele o ka ʻohana falcon ma nā ʻaoʻao komohana komohana o Central Asia, Siberia Komohana a me Kazakhstan.
No ka pūnana ʻana, koho ʻo ka merlin i nā kumulāʻau, e noho pinepine ana i nā pūnana o ka ʻoka. Makemake nui lākou i nā puʻupuʻu puʻupuʻu like ʻole i ulu ʻia me nā pele ʻulaʻula. Hiki i ka manu ke piʻi i luna o kahi kiʻekiʻe i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 2000 a 3,000 mau mika ma luna o ka pae kai.
Ma muli o ka nui o nā manu passerine liʻiliʻi, ʻo ia ka waiwai nui o merlin, neʻe i ka hema me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke anuanu, pono e haʻalele i nā falcon i ko lākou mau home a hele aku ma hope o kā lākou mau mea hiki ke loaʻa.
ʻO ka neʻe mua ʻana o kēia mau manu i ka hopena o ke kauwela; hoʻomaka nā lunamakaʻāinana ʻē aʻe i kā lākou neʻe ʻana ma ke kau waena o ka hoʻoilo wale nō. ʻO kekahi mau ʻano e noho ana i nā ʻāina hema e makemake ʻole e haʻalele i kā lākou papa i loko o ka makahiki.
ʻO Derbnik falcon i ka lele
ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nohona
No nā mea hoihoi e pili ana i ka falcon merlin ʻo ka mea aʻe hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia: ʻo ka mea mua, hele mau kēia mau manu i ka ʻālua i nā pālua. I ka manawa like, kahi mea nānā waho, e pili ana i nā ʻano o kā lākou hana, e kuhi hewa paha e hoʻopunipuni wale ana nā falcons a i ʻole frolicking.
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, i kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ka pīhoihoi paha o ka duo ʻohana i ka huli ʻana i kahi mea i hōʻino ʻia, i ka loaʻa ʻana o kā lākou e hana pū ai me ia me ka wikiwiki o ka uila, me ka waiho ʻole iā ia i kahi manawa e pakele ai.
ʻO ka lua, hiki i ka manu ke hūnā i nā hale hoʻomalu no ka manawa lōʻihi, ke kali nei no ka mea pio. Eia nō naʻe, inā hoʻokokoke ke kanaka i ka pūnana me nā moa i ka wā o ka ʻimi holoholona ʻana, a laila haʻalele koke nā mākua ʻelua i ko lāua mau kūlana a hoʻomaka i ka hoʻouka kaua nui ʻana i kahi makemake ʻole.
ʻO kahi kiʻi merlin ka pūnana
Ma muli o ke ʻano pilikino o kona mau ʻeheu, ʻaʻole hiki i ka merlin ke lana i ka lewa no kekahi manawa lōʻihi. Ke hele nei i kahi alualu, hiki i ka manu ke hoʻopuni i ka teritori ma kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (mai hoʻokahi mika ma luna o ka honua), kaomi ikaika ʻana i kona mau ʻeheu i ke kino.
Mea ʻai
He aha ka ʻai a ka falcon merlin?? ʻO ka waiwai nui o kēia mau manu ʻo ka pinepine o nā chisels, kapuahi, skates, wagtails, lark a me nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana passerine. ʻO nā Falcons e noho ana ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻākau e ʻimi pinepine i nā mea pio nui aku.
ʻO kahi laʻana, hoʻopaʻa pinepine nā ornithologists i nā hihia o ka hoʻouka ʻana ma ptarmigan, kī ʻāwī, plover gula a me ka snipe nui. Inā, no kekahi kumu, merlin falcons ʻaʻohe manawa kūpono e ʻahaʻaina ai i nā manu; hiki iā lākou ke hoʻouka i nā mea kolo nui a me nā iole vole.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Hiki i kēia mau manu ke oo i ka moekolohe a hiki i ka makahiki hoʻokahi. Mai ka waenakonu o ka puna, hoʻomaka lākou e holoholo i kā lākou kahua hānau, ʻaʻole ia e loli i loko o kā lākou ola holoʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻike ʻia nā kāne, a ma hope o kekahi manawa hui pū nā wahine me lākou.
I ke kāʻei ululāʻau, noho mau kēia mau ʻalalā i nā pūnana o nā manu koraka a me nā manu ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai i ka steppes hiki ke kū pololei ko lākou noho ʻana ma ka honua a i ʻole hoʻopuni ʻia e nā puʻupuʻu mossy bog. No ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā pūnana, ʻaʻole pono ka merlin i nā mea kūkulu hale, a ʻo ka pinepine pinepine lākou e ʻeli i kahi lua pāpaʻu ma waena pono o ka peat bog a i ʻole ka lau nahele wehe.
I ke kiʻi, kahi merlin me nā moa
I ka hopena o ka puna, lawe mai nā wahine i keiki (mai ʻekolu a ʻelima mau hua i loko o kahi paʻa), a hānau ʻia nā ʻōpio i hoʻokahi mahina ma hope. Ke piha he ʻeono mau pule i ka moa, ua uhi paʻa ʻia lākou i ka hulu a ua hiki ke ʻimi a hānai iā lākou iho iā lākou iho.
He manu lele ka merlin falcon, i ka nahelehele e hiki ke noho ma kahi o ʻumikūmālima a ʻumikūmāhiku makahiki paha. Eia nō naʻe, ʻike ka poʻe ornithologists i nā hihia he nui i ka wā i ola ai nā lunamakaʻāinana o kēia ʻano iwakāluakūmālima mau makahiki. I kēia lā, pale ʻia ka hapa nui o nā merlin falcons, no ka mea ke emi mau nei ko lākou heluna kanaka ma nā wahi he nui o ka honua.
