Nui nā kaʻao a me nā kaʻao e pili ana i ka mea lokomaikaʻi holoholona - dia... ʻO ka pinepine o ke kiʻi o kēia dia totem pili me ke ʻano wahine, palupalu, kūlike, akā i ka manawa like ʻaʻole i nele i kekahi ʻano mana demonic a uhi ʻia e ka mea pohihihi. He aha ke ʻano o nā doe maoli? Mālama a palupalu, a ikaika a weliweli paha?
ʻO Doe helehelena
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā dia fallow e nā ʻano ʻelua. ʻO ka maʻamau ʻĀlapa hāʻule Pākehā, akā manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia wale nō ka lāhui Iran i noho ai. ʻO nā ana o ka holoholona e noho ana i ʻEulopa e hōʻea i 130-175 kenimika ka lōʻihi a 80-105 kenimika ke kiʻekiʻe.
Nā kāne dia dia hāʻule kaupaona 65-110 kg., Wahine 45-70 kg. He huelo ko ka holoholona, ma kahi o 20 mau kenimika ka lōʻihi, ua hoʻonani ʻia ke poʻo o nā kāne me nā pepeiaohao, a lilo i spatulate i nā mākua.
E like me nā ʻano dia ʻē aʻe, ʻo ke kāne kāne ka nui, ʻoi aku ka nui o kāna antlers. Kau ʻia lākou a hiki i ʻApelila, a laila hoʻolei ʻia lākou, a hoʻomaka nā pepeiaohao hou, nona nā ʻano ʻelua, e ulu ma ke poʻo. Pili ke kala o nā holoholona i ke kau. I ka hoʻoilo, ʻeleʻele ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī, ʻeleʻele nā ʻaoʻao a me ke kua, hina ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ke kino.
I ke kauwela kakā nani loa ke nānā aku, hiki ke hoʻokolokolo ʻia e he kiʻi - ʻike ʻia nā kiko keʻokeʻo nani ma ka lole māmā o nā ʻaoʻao a me ke kua, a ʻaneʻane keʻokeʻo nā wāwae a me ka ʻōpū.
ʻO ka manawa pinepine, i waena o nā dia fallow, aia nā holoholona ʻeleʻele (melanistic) a i ʻole keʻokeʻo (albino), mai ka wā kahiko i hāʻawi ʻia me ka mana daimonio a manaʻo ʻia he poʻe lawaiʻa i nā hanana like ʻole.
ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ka dia fallow Iran i ka European, ke ʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o kāna mau kāne - a 200 kenimika ka lōʻihi. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻano dia ʻē aʻe, e laʻa me ka dia ʻulaʻula, ʻoi aku ka hoʻonui o nā dia i ka fallow, ua pōkole ka ʻāʻī a me nā wāwae.
ʻO ka nohona dia hāʻule
ʻO ka homeland o kēia dia dia i manaʻo ʻia ke Kaiwaenahonua: Helene, Turkey, ka hema o Palani. Ua noho ka dia fallow ma Central a me ʻEulopa Hema, akā ma hope o ka loli o ke aniau, ua noho ka dia ma Asia Minor, a hoʻomaka e hoʻihoʻi ʻia e nā kānaka.
I ka wā kahiko, lawe ʻia kēia holoholona i Helene, Sepania, ʻItalia, a ma hope aku i ʻEnelani a me ʻEulopa ʻEulopa. I nā kenekulia 13-16 noho ia i ka ʻāpana o ʻEulopa Hikina - Latvia a me Lituania, Polani, ka ʻaoʻao komohana o Belarus. I kēia mau lā he kākaʻikahi loa ka dia i kēia mau wahi.
Lawe pū ʻia nā dia fallow i ʻAmelika ʻĀkau a me Hema, Chile, Peru, Australia, Argentina, New Zealand, Iapana, ka mokupuni ʻo Madagascar. I kēia manawa, nalowale ʻo ia mai nā kiko he nui ma ka palapala ʻāina - ua hala ʻo ia ma ʻApelika ʻĀkau, Helene, Sardinia, ʻAsia.
I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ka helu o nā dia fallow ʻEulopa ma mua o 200 tausani mau poʻo, a ʻo ka Irani hoʻokahi wale nō haneli a aia i ka Red Book. ʻO ka dia fallow kahi holoholona o ka ululāʻau, a makemake i nā wahi me ka nui o nā lau nahele, nā wahi hāmama. Aloha pū ʻo ia i nā laʻalāʻau, kahi mauʻu nui. ʻOiai, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopili i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa.
Aloha nohona
I ke kauwela, mālama ʻia ka dia fallow a i ʻole nā hui liʻiliʻi. Hele wāwae dia me ko lākou makuahine. Hāʻule ka hana i nā kakahiaka kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi anuanu, ke hānai nā dia lau a hele i ka lua wai.
I ke awakea wela, hoʻomaha ka dia fallow ma luna o ko lākou wahi moe, i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i ka malu o nā nāhelehele, kokoke i nā waihona wai like ʻole. Ma laila lākou e hoʻopakele ai iā lākou iho ʻaʻole wale mai ka wela, akā mai ka ʻeha huhū.
ʻO ka dia fallow ʻaʻole ia he holoholona hilahila loa, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke akahele ma mua o nā lālā ʻohana ʻē aʻe. Inā noho nā holoholona i nā pāka, kokoke i ka poʻe, maʻalahi lākou i ka lima a lawe pū i ka meaʻai mai ko lākou mau lima aku.
Ma kahi kokoke i ka hoʻoilo, hoʻomaka nā holoholona e ʻākoakoa i nā pūʻā nui, wahine a kāne pū kekahi. I loko o kēia wā, hoʻomaka kekahi o nā hanana nui loa i ke kaiāulu reindeer - nā hoʻokūkū reindeer a me nā male ma hope.
I ka hakakā no ka wahine, haki pinepine nā dia i nā ʻāʻī o kekahi, i kekahi manawa iā lākou iho - hakakā ikaika lākou. Ke make nei nā hoa hakakā ʻelua, hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia me ko lākou pepeiaohao.
I ka hana ʻana i kā lākou hana, ke kau ʻana i ke kumu no ke ola hou, neʻe aku ka dia kāne kāne a kaʻawale. Akā i nā mahina hoʻoilo nui loa, ua hui pū lākou e ola i kēia manawa paʻakikī me kahi hui kāne.
ʻAʻole makemake nā dia fallow e haʻalele i ko lākou ʻāina, a ʻaʻole hele iki ma ʻō o nā palena o kā lākou pae. Hoʻoemi ʻia kā lākou neʻe ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā i nā ala like. ʻAʻole kūpono kēia mau holoholona no ka hele wāwae ʻana i ka hau ma muli o ko lākou mau wāwae pōkole.
Akā mahalo i ke ʻano o ka pilau, ʻike maʻalahi lākou i nā aʻa a me nā moʻo ʻai i lalo o ia. Hoʻonui ʻia kā lākou lohe, akā nāwaliwali iki kā lākou ʻike. ʻOiai ʻo kēia, hiki i nā dia fallow ke ʻike i kahi kanaka mai kahi mamao o 300 mau ʻanuʻu a inā he mea weliweli e loaʻa iā lākou ka manawa e pakele ai, lele lele ma luna o nā ālai a ʻelua mau mika - he holoholona ʻeleu loa kēia a me nā holoholona hihi. ʻO nā dia fallow heʻauʻau maikaʻi, akā naʻe, me ka ʻole o ka pono kūikawā, pale lākou i ka hele ʻana i loko o ka wai.
Mea ʻai
Hāʻule nā dia lau nahele i nā lau nahele. ʻO kā lākou meaʻai nā huahana mea kanu: nā lau, nā lālā, ka ʻili, ka mauʻu.
Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka manawa o ka makahiki a me ka loaʻa, ʻai ʻo nā dia fallow i nā ʻano mea kanu like ʻole. I ka puna, ʻai lākou i nā hau hau, corydalis, anemone, nā wana hou o ka lehu mauna, maple, ʻoka, pine a me nā kumulāʻau like ʻole.
I ke kauwela, ʻai lākou i ka lau, nā acorn, nā chestnuts, nā hua, nā sedges, nā cereal, nā legume a me nā mea kanu umbrella. I ka hoʻoilo, ʻo ia ka nui o ka lāʻau o nā kumulāʻau a me kā lākou mau lālā, kahi mea e pōmaikaʻi ʻole ai nā ululaau. I mea e hoʻopiha ai i kā lākou mau waihona minamina, nānā nā dia fallow no nā lepo momona o ka paʻakai.
ʻO ka poʻe makemake i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka heluna poʻe fallow i kekahi mau wahi ulu lāʻau e hana i nā liko paʻakai no lākou, nā mea hānai me ka mauʻu a me ka palaoa Hoʻohui ʻia, hoʻomoe pū kekahi i nā kula hānai no nā dia, kahi e ulu ai ka clover, lupine, Ierusalema artichoke a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
I Kepakemapa, hoʻomaka ka dia fallow i ka wā rut, a mau ma kahi o ʻelua a me ka hapa mahina. ʻAʻole komo nā wahine i nā "showdowns" kāne, akā ʻeha nui nā kāne i kēia wā ʻaʻole wale no nā hakakā koʻikoʻi, akā mai kaʻai pono ʻole.
Lilo lākou i ka nui o ke kaumaha, hoʻolei i ko lākou ikaika i ka uhi ʻana i nā wahine i hiki. Hoʻōho nui nā kāne i ka pū, e koi ana i ko lākou kuleana i kēia panalāʻau, a me nā wahine e ʻai ana.
Ua lilo lākou i mea hoʻonāukiuki loa, hakakā a nalo i kā lākou akahele a me ka makaʻala. ʻO nā mākua a me nā kāne ʻoi aku ka ikaika, ua hui pū me ka pūʻā wahine, kipaku i nā ʻōpio nawaliwali, a noho ka ʻōpio o ka makahiki i loko o ka rut i mea e hui hou ai i ko lākou mau mākua ma hope. I hoʻokahi kau, e uhi ke kāne i nā wahine he 5-10.
ʻO ka hāpai ʻana i kahi hāpai hāpai he 7.5-8 mau mahina, a i Mei, hānau pinepine ʻia hoʻokahi pēpē. ʻAi ʻo ia i ka waiū ma kahi o ʻehā mau mahina, e hoʻololi mālie nei i ka meaʻai a nā mākua. I ka makahiki 2-3, lilo ke keiki bipi i wahine makua. ʻO ke ola o kēia dia aloha ma kahi o 25-30 mau makahiki.
