Nahesa Shieldmouth me kahi ʻano hoʻokō
ʻO Shitomordnik - ka laha nui loa o nā nahesa mai ka ʻohana holoʻokoʻa o ka moonihoawa. Hōʻike ka inoa i ka hiʻohiʻona nui o ka hiʻohiʻona - nā pale i ʻike ʻia ma ke poʻo o ke poʻo. Poisonous a me ka weliweli kaulike.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā wahi noho o ka shitomordnik
ʻIke shitomordnik maʻamau ma ke ʻano he mea kolo weliweli hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kona mau maka: nā haumāna ākea kūpilikiʻi, kumakaia lākou i ka onaona o nā mea kolo. Hōʻike nā haumāna pōʻaiapili ʻaʻohe weliweli nui, ʻoiai ka nahu ʻana a nā moʻo me ka ʻeha ʻole.
ʻO nā ana o ka shitomordnik he awelika: hiki ke kino i 700 mm, ʻo ka huelo ma luna o 100 mm wale nō. Kau ʻia nā unahi i nā lālani he 23 ma ke kino o ka nāhesa. ʻO ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa o ka nahesa he pālahalaha iki ia, ke nānā ʻia hoʻi mai luna.
ʻO ke poʻo ākea i ʻike ʻia kahi laina ʻāʻī e ʻike ʻia. Hāpai iki ʻia ka ʻaoʻao lalo o ka waha. Ma lalo o nā maka o ka nahesa aia kahi puka ma ke ʻano o kahi dimple liʻiliʻi, kahi e hana ai i kahi hana kūikawā o ka hopu ʻana i ka pāhawewe wela.
He kino loea i kūʻē i kahi maʻamau. ʻO kahi ʻāpana pouli, e like me nā nahesa, holo mai nā maka mai luna a lalo i ka waha. Ma luna, ʻeleʻele ke kala a ʻeleʻele paha, haki me nā kaha zigzag māmā, ʻoi aku ka māmā o ka ʻōpū, melemele-hina me nā kiko ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi.
ʻO ka maʻamau aia kekahi mau kānaka o kahi paʻa, ʻaneʻane ʻeleʻele a i ʻole nā kala brick. ʻO ka nohona o nā lāhui maʻamau, a i ʻole Puʻu o Pallas, ʻo ke kāhea ʻia ʻana o ka mea kolo, ākea ia: mai nā kapakai o ke kai Caspian a i nā palena o ka Hikina Loa.
Loaʻa ma Mongolia, ke Kōlea Korea, Kina, ʻIlani ʻIrana. ʻAʻole hoʻoweliweli ka ʻokoʻa ʻāina i ka shitomordnik: nā wao akua a me nā steppes, nā lau nahele ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā kahawai, nā wahi pāpū a me nā kahawai o nā kahawai, nā loko a me nā kapuwai o nā kuahiwi ʻo Alps, - nā wahi ma kahi kiʻekiʻe a 3500 m ma luna o ka ʻilikai. ʻO Rūsia ka helu nui loa nahesa nahesa loaʻa ma ka moku ʻo Volga Lalo a me ka Teritori Primorsky.
Wahi a kahi o ka noho, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole.
- Ussuri viper a i ʻole nahesa kaimaʻamau i ka Hikina hikina;
- mouton pōhakue noho nei ma nā talus a me nā kapakai pōhaku o nā kino wai;
- nahesa wai a i ʻole he mea ʻai iʻa e noho ana ma ka hema hikina o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa;
- pūhaka poʻo keleawe, ka inoa ʻelua - mocassin, noho i nā panalāʻau o ka hikina o ʻAmelika Hema.
Aia kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe, morphologically like. Nui nā mea like o nā ʻohana āpau. ʻAʻole make ke kanaka ʻona i nā nahesa viper i nā kānaka, akā pono e akahele i ka hui ʻana me lākou.ʻEha ka waha waha ʻeha loa, ke kumu i nā hemorrhages profuse o nā mea kūloko a ma ke kahua o ka nahu.
Hoʻopili pū kekahi ʻo Neurotoxins i nā ʻōnaehana a me nā ʻōnaehana hanu. Kūpilikiʻi loa nā mea ʻino no nā poʻe nāwaliwali, nā keiki a me nā holoholona. Me kahi hopena kūleʻa, hoʻomaikaʻi ke kūlana ma hope o ka nahu ma hope o hoʻokahi pule a hiki i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana.
Ke ʻano a me ka nohona o ka shitomordnik
ʻAʻole hōʻike nā nahesa i ka hakakā, koe wale nō ma nā hihia kahi ala ʻole e hoʻi i hope. Hana ʻia nā hālāwai pinepine me nā poʻe mākaʻikaʻi maikaʻi ʻole, ma nā wahi kamaʻāina ʻole, e hōʻike ʻole i ka akahele a me ka nānā ʻana i kahi o ka hoʻolaha a hiki ke hehi maʻalahi i ka nahesa. Inā mākaukau ka nahesa e hoʻouka, a laila haʻalulu ka piko o kona huelo.
I loko o nā holoholona hihiu, he makaʻu ka nā moonihoawa iā lākou iho. Kū pinepine nā manu lele: kahi lupe, ʻalā, kahi pueo, kahi hawk, kahi jay, kahi aeto huelo keʻokeʻo, a he manu koraka hoʻi, a ma waho o lākou, ʻaʻole makaʻu nā ʻīlio, nā ʻīlio raccoon, harza i nā nahesa.
ʻO kaʻiʻo Snake kahi mea ʻono o ka meaʻai Hikina, no laila ʻo ka ʻimi ʻana na lākou e hoʻolilo i kekahi i ʻenemi nui. Hoʻohui ʻia, hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau make a ka nahesa a me ka ʻiʻo maloʻo i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
Pili ka hana o nā pulelehua i ka nohona, akā pinepine pinepine ka hōʻike ʻana iā ia iho i ka wā puna a me ke kauwela i ke ao, a i ke kauwela - i ke ahiahi a me ka pō. Ma nā wahi mauna a ma ka ʻākau o ka nohona, lanakila ka hana o ke ao, ma nā wahi hema - i ka pō.
Mai ka wanaʻao, ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka hoʻoilo, hoʻomaka ke kau moʻo a hiki i ka hāʻule loa, a me ka noho hala ʻana no ke kau mahana ma nā wahi punahele: ma waena o nā pōhaku, a hiki i ka wāwae o nā pali, nā māwae i waena o nā pōhaku, nā māwae i nā pali kūpikipiki o ke kahakai.
Lawe uhi moʻo · kolo nakahi hiki i loko o nā lua o ke koʻokoʻo, ma waena o nā pali pōhaku, nā lau nahele ulu, nā ulu lāʻau paʻa. Hiki ke loaʻa pinepine ka nahesa maʻamau i nā wahi i haʻalele ʻia, nā wahi o nā hale kahiko a me nā hale kupapaʻu. ʻO ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka lā kahi hana ma ke ao i ke kauwela mua. Hoʻopili pū ka ʻauʻau ʻana i nā kino wai i nā nahesa.
Hoʻomaka ka ʻimi no ka mea pio i ka ʻauinalā o ke awakea. ʻAʻole pili pinepine nā nahesa i nā mea i hōʻeha ʻia. Lawa ka nahu koke, a laila hoʻāʻo ka holoholona e pakele, akā hana ka lāʻau make. Eia hou, ʻike maʻalahi ka nahesa i kāna ʻaina ahiahi no ka hiki iā ia ke hopu i nā radiation wela.
Hōʻike ka thermosensitive fossa ma ke poʻo i ke ala i ka mea i hōʻeha ʻia. Hoʻomaka ka nahesa Viper e hoʻomākaukau no ka hoʻoilo i ʻOkakopa. ʻO ka hōʻuluʻulu hui o nā hoʻoilo i helu i 20 mau kānaka. Kū mau ka hibernation a hiki i kahi punawai climatic o 18-20 ° C.
ʻO ka meaʻai Shitomordnik
Hoʻopili ʻia nā holoholona āpau i hiki ke eo a ale ʻia e ka mea kolo i loko o ka papaʻai o ka mōʻī. ʻO ka nui o ka mea i hōʻeha ʻia i ka nui o ka nahesa ponoʻī a me ka wahi o ka noho. ʻO ka plasticity ecological i kāhea ʻia e ʻae iā lākou e hoʻolaha ākea a ola i nā wahi ʻāina ʻokoʻa.
Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia shitomordnik kahi ʻāina ʻimi holoholona ponoʻī, kahi e hele ʻole ai. ʻIke ʻia ka prey e ka wela, a ukali ʻia e ka hōʻeha a me ka wikiwiki a me ka nahu.
Lāʻau make Shieldmouth make i nā holoholona, no laila koe ka ʻaha i ka mea pio. I ka hapanui o nā hihia, lilo ke koʻokoʻo i ke kumu o ka meaʻai. I ka ʻāpana steppe, pili pololei ka heluna nahesa i nā kolone vole, no laila ʻaʻole ia e haʻalele i kona mau wahi noho no ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka meaʻai.
Hoʻohui ʻia i nā ʻiole kula, nā shrew, nā manu e pūnana ana ma ka honua e lilo i meaʻai na nā nahesa. ʻO nā hua manu i ka pūnana a me nā moa puaʻa i lilo i mea ʻono. Aia nā rana forage mau, nā moʻo, nā toads, a me nā iʻa no shitomordnikov e noho kokoke ana i nā kino wai.
ʻO ka hānai ʻana i nā hoahānau liʻiliʻi ka mea maʻamau. ʻAi nā moʻo ʻōpiopio i nā mea kolo. ʻO nā moʻo huelo, mea kolo, nā ʻenuhe i loko o nā ʻōpū. ʻO kahi ma kahi o 100-150 m ke anawaena.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ka shitomordnik
Ma hope o ke kau moʻo, hiki mai ka manawa no ka helehelena o ka pua nahesa. ʻO nā moʻo Viper, me nā moʻo nāhesa, nā viviparous. Hōʻike nā pēpē hānau hou i nā ʻeke translucent.
ʻAʻole nā pale lahilahi e pale i ka shitomordnikov liʻiliʻi mai ke komo ʻana i ka honua. I hoʻokahi pua mai 2 a 14 mau pēpē. Hoʻopaʻa piha nā keiki ola i ke kala o ko lākou mau mākua. ʻO kā lākou nui i ka hānau ʻana ma ka awelika 15-20 cm, a ʻo ko lākou kaumaha he 5-7 g.
I ka wā mua, hānai nā cubs i nā mea kolo a me nā invertebrates, ma hope ua hoʻololi lākou i ka meaʻai maʻamau. Loaʻa ke oʻo makua ma hope o ka hoʻoilo ʻelua a ʻekolu paha, ke hiki ke lōʻihi o ke kino ma kahi o 40 cm.
ʻO ke ola o ke ola ma nā awelika mai 9 a 15 mau makahiki; i ka hoʻopaʻa pio ʻana, hoʻonui paha ka manawa. Hiki ke palekana ka kamaʻilio ʻana o kahi kanaka me kahi shitomordnik, inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hana i nā hanana neʻe no ka nahesa.
Hāʻawi mau ʻo ia a pale iā ia iho i kahi hālāwai kūpono ʻole inā ʻaʻole ia e kahaha. I ke ʻano nohona, pono e hoʻomanaʻo ke kanaka aia ma kahi ʻo ia o nā holoholona a hōʻike iā ia iho me ke kaohi a me ka hoʻohanohano.
