Dia dia - me ka wikiwiki ʻole a me ka lokomaikaʻi, no laila i nā moʻomeheu he nui o ka honua e hōʻailona ia i ka haipule, ka noho kaʻawale a me ka nani maoli. ʻO kēia mau ʻano ʻano o nā ʻāpana āpau o kēia holoholona, nona ka nui aʻe ma mua o ke kakini a me ka hapalua. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia lākou i ke alo o nā pepeiaohao branched i nā kāne a me kahi kala hulu i ʻike ʻia.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā wahi noho o ka dia sika
ʻĀlapa sika ʻulaʻula kapa pinepine ʻia nā holoholona taiga, no ka mea makemake lākou e peʻe i ka mānoanoa o nā ulu ākea a me nā subtropical. Eia nō naʻe, he mau koina ko kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao no ke kaiapuni.
ʻO nā marals, i loaʻa ma nā mauna Sayan, koho i nā ʻāpana luna o nā wahi ulu lāʻau, e huli mālie i kahi o nā kula alpine. Makemake nā dia ʻulaʻula i nā ululāʻau ʻoka, a ʻo Bukhara dia i makemake i nā ulu lāʻau poplar a me nā ululāʻau paʻa ma nā kapa muliwai.
Koho nā holoholona mauna i nā pali ʻākau i ke kauwela, a me nā mea hema i ka hoʻoilo. Ma ka Hikina Hikina, hiki ke loaʻa nā dia sika kokoke i ke kapakai kai, kahi e pāʻina ai i ka limu a me ka paʻakai.
I ke kauwela, he ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula kā kēia mau holoholona me nā mea hoʻokomo keʻokeʻo, akā i ka hoʻoilo e hele a mae wale ke kapa, e loaʻa ana i ka malu hina hina. He mane lōʻihi a mānoanoa ko lākou ʻāʻī, a me kahi kiko keʻokeʻo nui ma ka ʻāpana o ka huelo, kahi e kōkua ai iā lākou e pili pū i kahi nahele mānoanoa. I ka pō, lawelawe ka ʻōlinolino o nā maka ma ke ʻano he kuhikuhi no kēlā me kēia, e ʻālohilohi i ka pouli me nā kukui ʻalani ʻeleʻele.
ʻO nā subspecies o kēia mau ungulate ʻano ʻokoʻa i ka nui. Hiki i nā hiʻohiʻona nunui o ka wapiti a me nā marals ke hōʻea i 2.5 mau mika ka lōʻihi a kaupaona ʻia a hiki i 300 kilokilo, a ʻo kahi dia Bukhara liʻiliʻi he ʻekolu manawa ka liʻiliʻi o ke kaupaona a me kahi lōʻihi o ke kino haʻahaʻa - mai 75 a 90 kenimika.
ʻOkoʻa ke ʻano o nā pepeiaohao. ʻO ka dia ʻEulopa, no ka laʻana, ʻike ʻia e ka nui o nā mea hoʻopili, a ʻo ka dia ʻulaʻula he pepeiaohao nui a lālā me ka lei aliʻi ʻole. ʻO ka nui o ka ʻāina i noho ʻia e nā dia sika e pili ana i ka maikaʻi a me ka nui o ka lako o ka meaʻai. Me ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā lako meaʻai, hoʻemi ka pālākiō o ka wahi i noho ʻia.
ʻO nā palena o kā lākou holoholona, a hiki aku i kekahi mau kilomika kilomika, i māka ʻia a kiaʻi ʻia e nā poʻe mākua me ke akahele loa, e alualu ana i nā malihini i nalowale i ko lākou ala.
ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Dia dia ahiu - holoholona hūnā, hilahila, noho mālie a akahele loa hoʻi. ʻAneʻane hiki ʻole ke hālāwai me ia i loko o nā ululāʻau ulu, no ka mea hiki iā ia ke honi i ka hoʻokokoke ʻana o kahi kanaka a i ʻole nā holoholona predatory i kahi mamao loa. ʻO ka hoʻolohe maikaʻi a me ka ulu pono o ka pilau e kōkua iā ia i kēia.
Nui nā ʻenemi i ka dia sika. Ma kahi kokoke i ka lua wai, hiki ke hāhai ʻia lākou i lalo a hoʻopuni ʻia e nā ʻīlio hae maʻalea. Ke alualu ʻia lākou e nā leopadi wikiwiki, nā tigiger a me nā bea manawa kekahi.
Hoʻouka ʻia nā holoholona ʻōpio e Ussuri yellow martens (kharza) a me nā lynxes. He paʻakikī loa ia no nā dia i ka hoʻoilo, ke nui ka hau, a i ka puna ma muli o ka nāwaliwali o ke kino.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia kēia mau holoholona he maʻalahi pio. Holo wikiwiki lākou i ka manawa o ka alualu a hiki ke holo wikiwiki e ʻauʻau inā ke ala no ka hoʻi i ka ʻāina i ke alalai ʻia e nā mea ʻino.
Ma ia mau hihia e lele lele ana ʻo sika i loko o ka wai a neʻe koke aku mai kahakai. He lawa kona ikaika e lanakila i kahi mamao o kekahi mau kilomita. ʻOiai e holo ana, ke kiʻekiʻe o ka lele o nā holoholona hoofed i 2.5 mau mika, a ʻo ka lōʻihi ma kahi o 8.
Noho ʻo Sika dia ma nā hui liʻiliʻi, ʻoiai ʻo kekahi manawa no nā kumu palekana hiki iā lākou ke hui pū i nā pūʻā nui. Hānai nui lākou i ka pō i mea e hōʻemi ai i ka makaʻu o ka hoʻouka kaua.
Mea ʻai
Dia dia - lau nahele lāʻau holoholona. ʻAi ʻo ia i nā ʻano mea kanu like ʻole, a me nā nati, nā ʻāpana, nā acorn, nā laikini, nā hua, nā hua, nā pahu ʻai. Unpretentious ʻo Ungulate i ka hoʻoilo, ke loaʻa lākou i nā lau mae, nā nila, ka ʻili o nā lāʻau mai lalo o ka hau.
No ka hānai ʻana i ko lākou kino me nā mea momona, palu lākou i ka paʻakai a me ka gnaw ma ka honua momona. I ke kau anuanu, pono i ka reindeer i mau meaʻai hou aʻe, no laila i ka nahele, lawelawe mau ka poʻe huntsmen iā lākou me nā meaʻai hou aʻe.
ʻO ka hana hou ʻana a me ke ola o nā dia sika
Hoʻomaka ka rut i nā dia sika i ka hāʻule. ʻO ka leo nui o nā kāne, ʻohiʻohi i 2 a 20 mau wahine a puni lākou, lohe ʻia no hoʻokahi mahina. I kekahi manawa hiki ke hakakā ma waena o nā mea hoʻokūkū no ka hoʻokūkū. A laila kuʻi lākou me nā pepeiaohao me ka ikaika a lohe ʻia ke kani i loko o kahi radius o mau haneli mau mika.
Lawe ka wahine i ka hānau mua i ka makahiki o 2-3 mau makahiki, e hāpai ana i nā keiki no 7.5 mau mahina. Ma ke ʻano he kūlana, hānau ʻo ia i hoʻokahi pēpē, a ma hope o ka hānau ʻana he ʻumi mau lā, moe mālie i ka mauʻu.
Hānai ka makuahine ma kahi kokoke, e hoʻohoka i nā predators mai nā dia nāwaliwali. I ka mahina mua o ke ola, ua nāwaliwali ʻo ia a pono e hānai pinepine. A laila hoʻololi ʻo ia e kanu i nā meaʻai, ʻoiai ke hoʻomau nei ʻo ia i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka waiū umauma a hoʻokahi makahiki i ka nui liʻiliʻi.
Ma kahi kokoke i 12 mau mahina o ke ola, hoʻomaka nā puʻupuʻu e hele mālie i ka lae o nā kāne, a lilo i mau pepeiaohao ikaika. ʻAʻole naʻe ossified sika dia antlers loaʻa kahi lāʻau lapaʻau laha ʻole, i hiki ai i ka luku nui ʻana o kēia mau holoholona.
ʻO Embryos, nā huelo, ke koko, nā veins, nā ʻili a me nā ʻiʻo o nā ungulate i koi ʻia, no laila ua alakaʻi ka hopu holoholona i ka mea i ka hoʻomaka o ka 20 kenekulia dia dia lilo i mea rarity a komo ʻia i loko "Buke ʻulaʻula" ma ke ʻano he ʻano laha.
Ua hoʻopakele ʻia ke kūlana e ka wehe ʻana o nā māla reindeer kūikawā e hoʻolako i nā mea maka no ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Akā ka heluna kanaka Ussuri sika dia aole i hoihoi hou ia. Kapu loa kona wahi noho a hiki i kēia lā.
Ua hoʻokahe nā kāne i ko lākou mau pepeiaohao i kēlā me kēia makahiki kokoke i ka puna. Kūleʻa ʻole nā antlers mua, akā i nā manawa āpau a hiki i 10-12 mau makahiki, ʻike ʻia ka nui o nā kaʻina hana ma luna o lākou.
I ka hōʻea ʻana i ka ikaika nui, nāwaliwali ka reindeer. I ka manawa like, ua nalowale ka lālā a me ka nani o kā lākou mau pepeiaohao kaulana. I ka nahelehele, hiki i kēia mau holoholona ke noho no ka lōʻihi o hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua mau makahiki, akā loaʻa kekahi mau makahiki he 20 i nā mahiʻai a me nā mālama.
