No Saigas (lat. Saiga tatarica) nā steppe artiodactyl mammal mai ka ʻohana bovine, no ka mea kahiko loa i hānai ʻia kā lākou holoholona me nā mammoths. I kēia lā aia ʻelua mau ʻohana Saiga tatarica tatarica (saiga ʻōmaʻomaʻo) a me Saiga tatarica mongolica (saiga ʻulaʻula).
Ma waena hoʻi o ka poʻe i kapa ʻia ai kēia mau holoholona he margach a me ka antelope ʻākau. I kēia manawa, aia kēia ʻano ma lalo o ka palekana loa, no ka mea aia ia ma ke kaʻe o ka make.
Ua manaʻo kekahi mau kānaka steppe i kēia mau māmela kapu. ʻO ke kumuhana o ka pili pili loa ma waena o kēia mau holoholona a me ka poʻe i hōʻike ʻia i ka moʻolelo o ka mea kākau ʻo Ahmedkhan Abu-Bakar "The White Saiga".
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā wahi noho
ʻAʻohe nani o kēia holoholona. ʻO ka mea mua e hopu koke i kou maka ke nānā ʻoe kiʻi saiga - kā lākou puʻupuʻu humpbacked a me nā proboscis pūnaewele me nā puka ihu kokoke. ʻAe kēia ʻano o ka ihu ʻaʻole wale e hoʻomehana i ke ea anuanu i ka hoʻoilo, akā mālama pū ka lepo i ke kauwela.
Ma waho aʻe o kahi poʻo puʻupuʻu, he kino kolohe ke ʻano o ka saiga, a hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua mika ka lōʻihi a lahilahi, nā wāwae kiʻekiʻe, e like me nā holoholona kīkoa ʻia a pau, hoʻopau me nā manamana wāwae ʻelua a me ka māiʻuʻu.
ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka holoholona a 80 cm i ka mae, a ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ke kaumaha ma mua o 40 kg. Hoʻololi ke kala o nā holoholona i ka kau. I ka hoʻoilo, mānoanoa a mehana ka pale, māmā, me ka ʻulaʻula, a i ke kauwela he ʻulaʻula, ʻeleʻele i ka hope.
Leialoha ke poʻo o nā kāne me ka translucent, ʻōmaʻomaʻo keʻokeʻo, nā pepeiaohao lira a hiki i 30 cm ka lōʻihi. puʻupuʻu saiga e hoʻomaka kokoke koke ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o ka bipi keiki. ʻO kēia mau pepeiaohao ke kumu o ka luku ʻia o kēia laha.
ʻOiai, i nā 90 o ke kenekulia i hala, ua kūʻai maikaʻi ʻia nā pepeiaohao saiga ma ka mākeke ʻeleʻele, kiʻekiʻe loa kā lākou kumukūʻai. No laila, hoʻopau ka poʻe kahu ʻai iā lākou i loko o nā ʻumi tausani. I kēia lā e noho nei nā saigas ma Uzbekistan a me Turkmenistan, nā steppes o Kazakhstan a me Mongolia. Ma nā panalāʻau hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou ma Kalmykia a ma ka moku ʻo Astrakhan.
ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Ma kahi e noho ai ka saiga, e maloʻo a ākea paha. Kūpono no ka steppe a semi-wao nahele paha. Kākaʻikahi ka mea kanu i ko lākou wahi noho, no laila pono lākou e neʻe i nā manawa āpau e ʻimi i nā meaʻai.
Akā makemake nā pūʻā holoholona e noho kaʻawale mai nā māla i lūlū ʻia, no ka mea o ka papa kaulike ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke holo wikiwiki. Hiki iā lākou ke komo i nā mea kanu mahiʻai i ka makahiki maloʻo wale nō, a, ʻokoʻa ka hipa, ʻaʻole lākou e hehi i nā mea kanu. ʻAʻole makemake lākou i nā ʻāina puʻu kekahi.
Holoholona holoholonamālama i loko o ka pā. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona nani kupaianaha ka neʻe ʻana o kahi ʻohana he tausani mau poʻo. Me he kahawai lā, hoʻolaha lākou ma ka honua. A ma muli o ke ʻano o ka holo ʻana o ka antelope - amble.
Hiki i ka huakaʻi ke holo no kahi manawa lōʻihi loa i ka wikiwiki a hiki i 70 km / h. A lana kēia antelope saiga maikaʻi loa, aia nā hihia o nā holoholona e hele i nā kahawai ākea ākea, e laʻa me ka Volga. Mai kēlā manawa kēia manawa, lele i ka holoholona i nā lele kū i ka wā e holo ana.
Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka wā, neʻe paha lākou i ke kūkulu hema ke hoʻokokoke mai ka hoʻoilo a hāʻule ka hau mua. Hele ʻole ka neʻe ʻana me ka mōhai ʻole. I ka hoʻāʻo e pakele mai ka ʻino hau, hiki i ka pipi ke hele i 200 km me ka kū ʻole i ka lā.
Luhi wale ka nāwaliwali a me nā mea maʻi a, hāʻule i ka holo, make. Inā kū lākou, e lilo kā lākou holoholona. I ke kauwela, neʻe ka pipi i ke kūkulu ʻākau, kahi momona o ka mauʻu a lawa ka wai inu.
Hānau ʻia nā pēpē o kēia mau antelope i ka hopena o ka makahiki kupuna, a ma mua o ka hānau ʻana, hiki mai ka saiga i kekahi mau wahi. Inā maikaʻi ʻole ke aniau no nā holoholona, hoʻomaka lākou i ko lākou neʻe puna, a laila hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā pēpē i loko o ka pā.
Haʻalele wale nā makuahine i kā lākou pēpē i ka ʻāpiki, hele ʻelua wale nō i ka lā e hānai iā lākou
I ka makahiki o 3-4 mau makahiki o ke kaupaona a hiki i 4 kg, hoʻomākeʻaka lākou i ka mince ma hope o ko lākou makuahine, e hoʻāʻo nei e hoʻomau. Hoʻoikaika kēia mau māmela i ke ao a hiamoe i ka pō. Hiki i nā holoholona ke pakele mai ko lākou ʻenemi nui, ka ʻīlio hae steppe, ʻo ka holo wikiwiki wale nō ia.
Nānā Saiga
I nā kau like ʻole, hiki i nā pūʻā o nā saigas ke hānai i nā ʻano mea kanu like ʻole, a ʻo kekahi o lākou a ʻona pū kekahi i nā mea kanu lāʻau ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā lālā momona o ka palaʻai, ka palaoa a me ka laau awahia, ka quinoa a me ka hodgepodge, aia wale nō ma kahi o hoʻokahi haneli mau ʻano mea kanu i hoʻopili ʻia i ka papaʻai o margach i ke kauwela.
Ke hānai nei i nā mea kanu momona, hoʻonā i nā antelope i ko lākou pilikia me ka wai a hiki ke hana me ka ʻole no ka manawa lōʻihi. A i ka hoʻoilo, ʻai nā holoholona i ka hau ma kahi o ka wai.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Hāʻule ke kau moʻa no nā saigas i ka hopena o Nowemapa-mua o Kekemapa. Ke alualu nei, ʻimi kēlā me kēia kāne e hana i kahi "harem" mai nā wahine he nui i hiki. ʻOi aku ka wikiwiki o ka moekolohe wahine ma mua o nā kāne. I ka makahiki mua o ke ola, mākaukau lākou e lawe keiki.
I ka wā o ka rutting, hoʻokuʻu ʻia kahi wai ʻeleʻele me kahi ʻono, ʻala ʻoluʻolu ʻole mai nā glands e waiho kokoke ana i nā maka. Mahalo ia i kēia "ʻaʻala" e ʻike ai nā kāne kekahi i kekahi ma ka pō.
ʻO ka pinepine ka hakakā ʻana ma waena o nā kāne ʻelua, e holo wikiwiki ana kekahi i kekahi, kuʻi lākou me ka lae a me nā pepeiaohao, a hiki i ka nalowale ʻana o kekahi o nā hoa paio.
I loko o ia mau kaua, hoʻomāinoino nā holoholona i nā ʻeha weliweli, kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke make ma hope. Lawe ka mea lanakila i kāna wahine punahele i ka harem. ʻO ka wā rutting ma kahi o 10 mau lā.
Aia i loko o kahi pūʻulu ikaika a olakino olakino he 50 mau wahine, a i ka hopena o ka puna e loaʻa i kēlā me kēia o lākou mai hoʻokahi (wahine ʻōpio) a i ʻekolu mau keiki bipi saiga. Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hana, hele nā wahine i ka steppes wao nahele, mai ka lua wai. ʻO kēia wale nō ke ala e pale ai iā ʻoe iho a me kāu poʻe keiki mai nā mea ʻaihue.
No kekahi mau lā mua, ʻaʻole e neʻe ke keiki bipi saiga a moe wale, e kūlou ana i ka honua. Hoʻohui pū ʻia kona huluhulu me ka honua. He mau manawa wale nō i ka lā e hele mai kahi makuahine i kāna pēpē e hānai iā ia i ka waiū, a ʻo ke koena o ka manawa āna e ʻai ai ma kahi kokoke.
ʻOiai ʻaʻole ikaika ka cub, palupalu loa ia a lilo i mea maʻalahi no nā ʻalopeke a me nā ʻīlio hae, a no nā ʻīlio hihiu hoʻi. Akā ma hope o 7-10 mau lā, hoʻomaka ka saiga ʻōpio e hāhai i kona makuahine ma nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae, a ma hope o ʻelua mau pule hiki ke holo wikiwiki e like me ka poʻe mākua.
Ma ka awelika, i nā kūlana kūlohelohe, ola nā saigas a hiki i ʻehiku mau makahiki, a i ka noho pio ʻana, hiki i ko lākou ola ke ʻumikūmālua mau makahiki.
No ka mea kahiko pehea kēia ʻano artiodactyls, ʻaʻole pono e pau. I kēia lā, ua lawe ʻia nā hana āpau e mālama ai i nā saigas ma ka palena o ka Russian Federation a me Kazakhstan. Ua hana ʻia nā puʻuhonua a me nā puʻuhonua, ke kumu nui o ia e mālama ai i kēia ʻano kumu no nā pua.
A ʻo nā hana wale nō a nā poacher e pane i ka hāʻawi e kūʻai i nā pepeiaohao saiga, e hoʻēmi i ka heluna kanaka o kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ke hoʻomau nei ʻo Kina e kūʻai i nā pepeiaohao saiga, kumu kūʻai kahi e ʻōwili ai, a he mea ʻole inā he pepeiaohao kahiko ia, a he mea hou paha, mai kahi holoholona i pepehi wale ʻia.
Pili ia i ka lāʻau kuʻuna. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka pauka i hana ʻia mai iā lākou e hoʻōla i nā maʻi he nui o ke akepaʻa a me ka ʻōpū, hahau, a hiki nō hoʻi ke lawe i kahi kanaka mai kahi koma.
ʻOiai ke koi, aia kekahi e makemake e loaʻa kālā mai kēia mau holoholona liʻiliʻi hoʻomākeʻaka. A e alakaʻi kēia i ka nalowale piha ʻana o nā antelope, no ka mea pono ʻoe e lawe i 3 gram o ka pauka mai nā pepeiaohao.
