Iole mole olohelohe ʻAʻole ia he nani a nani hoʻi, akā he mea kupaianaha ia he holoholona kupaianaha, no ka mea, he nui kona mau hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona i ʻano ʻole i nā meheu ʻē aʻe. E hoʻāʻo mākou e kālailai i ka hana ola o ka ʻiole mole, e wehewehe ana ʻaʻole wale i kona mau hiʻohiʻona kūwaho, akā me nā ʻano, ka lawena, ka papaʻai o ka holoholona, nā wahi paʻa o ka hoʻolālā a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hana hou.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Iole mole olohelohe
ʻO ka ʻiole mole olohelohe he koʻokoʻo ia no ka ʻohana o nā iole mole. Aia kēia ʻohana ʻokoʻa me nā mea hānai mamala ʻehā o ʻApelika, ua ʻike ka ʻepekema i nā moʻokūʻauhau 6 a me 22 mau ʻiole mole. Ke hele nei i loko o ka mōʻaukala, he mea pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ua ʻike ʻia kēia ʻohana rodents mai ka wā mua o Neogene, i kēlā manawa lōʻihi i noho ai kēia ʻano rodent ma ʻAsia, kahi i loaʻa ʻole i kēia manawa.
No ka manawa mua, ua ʻike ʻia ka ʻiole mole ʻōlohelohe i ka kenekulia 19 e ka naturalist Kelemania ʻo Ruppel, ka mea i loaʻa he koʻokoʻo wale nō a kuhihewa iā ia no ka ʻiole maʻi i lilo kona lauoho no ka maʻi. I kēlā manawa, ʻaʻole i nānā nui ʻia i ka mea ʻeli, ua nānā wale kekahi mau ʻepekema i kā lākou ʻano nohona like ʻole. I ka wā i ʻike ʻia ai ka ʻenehana no ke aʻo ʻana i ka pāʻālua, ua ʻike ka poʻe ʻepekema i nā hiʻohiʻona kupaianaha o kēia mau koʻokoʻo ʻōhule.
Video: Iole mole olohelohe
ʻIke ʻia ʻaʻole i ʻelemakule nā ʻiole mole ʻōlohelohe me nā makahiki, ke hoʻomau nei i ka hana a me ke olakino e like me ma mua. Noho paʻa ka iwi o ko lākou iwi, ikaika ka puʻuwai, a maʻamau ka hana moekolohe. ʻO ka mea kupaianaha, kū mau nā ʻano āpau o ke ola, ʻaʻole ʻino ke ulu a ʻelemakule lākou.
Mea hoihoi: ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke ola o nā ʻiole mole ʻōlohelohe he ʻeono mau manawa ka lōʻihi ma mua o ka lōʻihi o ke ola i ana ʻia e nā kūmole. ʻO kahi laʻana, ola nā koʻokoʻo mai 2 a 5 mau makahiki, a hiki i kahi ʻiole mole ke ola i nā makahiki 30 (a ʻoi iki aʻe paha) me ka ʻole o ka ʻelemakule.
Ke aʻo nei i kēia mau meaola kū hoʻokahi, ua ʻike nā ʻepekema i nā hiʻohiʻona kupaianaha he nui i loko o nā ʻeli, a ʻo ia kekahi:
- noʻonoʻo ʻole i ka ʻeha;
- ka wiwo ʻole a me ke kūpaʻa i ka waikawa (ʻaʻole makaʻu i ka wela a me ka wela kemika);
- ʻoluʻolu;
- ʻo ka loaʻa ʻole o ka pale ʻole (ʻaʻole e ʻeha i ka maʻi ʻaʻai, nā puʻuwai, nā hahau, ka maʻi kō, a pēlā aku.);
- ka hiki ke hana me ka ʻole o oxygen no 20 mau minuke;
- ke ola lōʻihi no nā rodents.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: Moleoleole olohelohe i lalo o ka honua
Liʻiliʻi nā ana o ka ʻiole mole olohelohe, ʻaʻole hele ka lōʻihi o kona kino ma mua o 12 knm, a ʻo kona kaumaha mai 30 a 60 mau kekela. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia he ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine, ka mea hiki ke kaupaona ʻia i ka hapalua o ko lākou mau keonimana. ʻO ke kino holoʻokoʻa o ka ʻiole mole hiki ke kapa ʻia he cylindrical, nui ke poʻo o ke koʻokoʻo, a ʻelima mau manamana lima nā lālā pōkole.
Mea hoihoi: I ka nānā mua wale ʻana, he ʻōhule paha ka ʻiole mole, eia nō naʻe, he lauoho kona i hoʻopuehu ʻia ma luna o ke kino, ʻo ia hoʻi ma kahi o nā pā, ʻike ʻia lākou.
Mahalo i ka ʻili kukū, huli ʻiole nā ʻiole mole i nā wahi paʻa, me he mea lā e hana nā ʻoki i loko o ko lākou ʻili ke huli lākou. Loaʻa nā ʻeli i nā ʻūlū e like me nā ʻokiʻoki i kū i waho o ka waha, ma waho, hoʻohana ʻia kā lākou holoholona no ka ʻeli ʻana, e like me nā bākeke ʻeli. Pale ka lehelehe ma hope o nā incisors pale i nā mea ʻeli mai ke komo ʻana i ka waha o ka honua. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia he mana nui ka ʻāʻī hoʻomohala maikaʻi o nā ʻiole mole a nui ka nui o nā mākala.
He makapō kūpono ka poʻe Digger, liʻiliʻi loa ko lākou mau maka (0.5 mm) a hoʻokaʻawale ma waena o nā uila a me ka pouli. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokele i ka lewa me ke kōkua o ka vibrissae ʻaʻole wale ma ka wahi o ka waha, akā ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa. ʻOiai ua hoʻemi ʻia nā auricle i kēia mau koʻokoʻo (hōʻike lākou i ka pali welu), lohe lākou i ke kūpono, hopu i nā leo haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Loaʻa ka honi maikaʻi o nā mea ʻeli. Ma ka laulaha, ʻili a poni ka ʻili o ke kino o ka ʻiole mole a uhi ʻia me nā ʻākala.
Ma hea e noho ai ka ʻiole mole olohelohe?
Kiʻi: Kiʻi mole olohelohe
Noho nā ʻiole mole āpau i ka ʻāina wela o ʻApelika, ʻo ia hoʻi, kona ʻaoʻao hikina, e ʻono nei i nā wahi hema o ka wao akua ʻo Sahara. No ka ʻiole mole olohelohe, ʻike pinepine ʻia ia ma nā wahi sabana a me ka waoakua ma Somalia. Noho pū nā Digger iā Kenya a me ʻAitiopia, e noho ana i nā savannas maloʻo a me nā wao akua no ka noho mau. Ua ʻike ka ʻepekema i ka manawa i noho ai nā mea ʻeli i Mongolia a me Israel, ua lilo ia i mea mahalo ʻia i ke koena o nā holoholona i loaʻa i kēia mau ʻāina. I kēia manawa noho wale nā mea ʻeli ma ʻApelika.
E like me ka mea i hoʻomaopopo ʻia, noho ka poʻe ʻeli i nā wahi ākea (i nā savannas o nā wao akua), makemake nā koʻokoʻo i ka lepo one a me ka lepo, a hiki ke piʻi i nā mauna i kahi kiʻekiʻe o hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua kilomita. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau mea maʻamau i ka noho ʻana i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka honua, e ʻeli ana i nā labyrinth o lalo o ka honua me ko lākou mau incisors ikaika, ʻo ia hoʻi nā tunnels he nui i hoʻonani ʻia, ʻo kona lōʻihi he mau mile paha. ʻAneʻane ʻaʻole hiki i nā Excavators ke hele i luna, no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike iā lākou.
I kekahi manawa ʻike ʻia ka ʻōpio i ka wā o ka noho ʻana ma waho. ʻOiai kahi lepo maloʻo loa e like me ke kūlike ʻole i ka pōhaku, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopilikia i nā ʻiole mole olohelohe, kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke ʻeli (a i ʻole e ʻānai) i kekahi mau catacombs, e lele ana i ka hohonu o ka honua mai hoʻokahi a me ka hapa a i ʻelua mau mika.
He aha ka ʻai a ka ʻiole mole olohelohe?
Kiʻi: ʻiole mole olohelohe ʻApelika
Hiki ke kapa ʻia ka ʻiole mole ʻōlohelohe me ka wiwo ʻole i kapa ʻia he poʻe vegetarians, no ka mea, loaʻa i kā lākou papaʻai nā kīʻaha o nā kumu kanu wale nō. ʻO nā papa inoa o nā diggers me nā rhizome a me nā kūmole o nā mea kanu, mahi ʻia a hihiu hoʻi.
Mea hoihoi: Ke loaʻa nei i kahi tuber, ʻai wale ka ʻiole mole i kahi ʻāpana o ia mea, a ninini ka rodent i ka lepo i loko o ka lua āna i ʻai ai no ka ulu ʻana o kaʻuala, no laila hoʻāʻo kahi ʻiole mole akamai e hoʻolako iā ia iho i ka meaʻai no ka wā e hiki mai ana.
Loaʻa kēia mau koʻokoʻo i ka meaʻai na lākou wale nō ma lalo o ka honua. Loaʻa i nā holoholona i ka makū e pono ai mai nā aʻa a me nā kūmole, no laila ʻaʻole lākou e pono i kahi lua e hoʻoinu ai. No laila i ka wā o ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai ʻaʻole e hāʻule ka honua i nā puka ihu o nā mea ʻeli, pale ʻia lākou mai luna mai e kahi ʻili kūikawā kūikawā, i kapa ʻia ʻo "lehelehe wahaheʻe". Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻaʻohe lehelehe luna o ka ʻiole mole.
He lohi loa ka metabolism i kēia mau koʻokoʻo kū hoʻokahi. loaʻa kahi mahana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ke kino, mai 30 a 35 kekelē. ʻO ka hopena, ʻaʻole pono ka holoholona i ka nui o ka meaʻai ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā māmela ʻē aʻe o ka nui like. Ke ʻai nā ʻiole mole olohelohe, hiki iā lākou, e like me nā hamster, ke hoʻopaʻa i kā lākou meaʻai māmā i ko lākou mau wāwae mua. Ma mua o ko lākou hoʻomaka ʻana e ʻai, lūlū lākou i ka lepo mai ona aku, ʻokiʻoki iā ia me nā ʻokiʻoki ʻoi i mau ʻāpana kaʻawale, a laila wale ka nau pono ʻana i ka niho liʻiliʻi.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Iole mole olohelohe
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻiole mole olohelohe me he mau holoholona eusocial, ʻē. he pae kiʻekiʻe loa ko lākou o ka hui kaiaulu, i ko lākou ʻano o ke ola e like lākou me nā pepeke kaiāulu (naonao, nalo meli). ʻO nā kolone lalo o kēia mau koʻokoʻo he 70 a 80 paha mau holoholona.
Mea hoihoi: Aia kekahi ʻike i ʻike ʻia e nā ʻepekema i nā kolone o nā iole mole, kahi i noho ai nā holoholona 295.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o nā labyrinth o ka honua, kahi i kahi o kahi kolone, hiki ke hoʻonui i kahi mamao o 3 a 5 km. ʻO ka honua e hoʻolei ʻia i ka ʻeli ʻana i nā tunnels hiki i ʻekolu a ʻehā paha mau tone i ka makahiki. ʻO ka maʻamau he 4 cm ke anawaena o ke ana a 2 mika ka hohonu.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā Tunnels e hoʻohui i kekahi i kekahi:
- keʻena pūnana;
- lumi aft;
- lumi lumi.
He hana hui ka ʻeli ʻana i nā paukū lalo, hoʻomaka lākou me ka ʻeleu i ka wā ua, ke palupalu ka honua a lilo i mea maʻalahi. Ke neʻe nei kahi kaulahao o 5 a i ʻole 6 mau ʻeli i hoʻokahi faila, ma hope o ka hana ʻana a ka mea hana mua i ka papa lepo me nā incisors, kahi a nā koʻokoʻo e pili ana i ka holoholona mua e kōkua ai e haki. Mai kēlā manawa kēia manawa, pani ʻia ka mea ʻeli mua e ka holoholona aʻe ma hope.
ʻO nā ʻiole mole āpau e noho ana i loko o ke kolone hoʻokahi he ʻohana lākou. ʻO ke poʻo o ka noho holoʻokoʻa hoʻokahi wahine hoʻokahi, ka mea i kapa ʻia ka mōʻī wahine a wahine wahine paha. Hiki i ke mōʻī wahine ke hui pū me ʻelua a ʻekolu paha kāne kāne, he limahana nā kānaka ʻē aʻe āpau o nā kolone (nā kāne a me nā wahine) ʻaʻole lākou i komo i ka hana hoʻohua.
Kaukaʻi ʻia i nā palena dimensional, nui nā hana a ka poʻe hana. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā kānaka nui i waena o nā koa e komo ana i ka pale ʻana i ko lākou mau hoa ʻē aʻe mai ka poʻe makemake ʻole. Hana ʻia nā ʻiole mole liʻiliʻi me ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana, nā keiki hānai, a me ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai. ʻO ka hana a kēlā me kēia kanaka nona ka nui waena he waena; ʻaʻohe ʻano ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā poʻe o nāʻiole mole, e like me ka maʻamau o nā ʻenemi. ʻO ka wahine wahine wahine i kona wā e ola nei he hana nui wale ia me ka hānau hou ʻana o nā keiki, e hānau ana i nā keiki he 100 a ʻoi paha.
Mea hoihoi: Mai kahi nānā ʻana ua ʻike ʻia i loko o 12 mau makahiki ua hānau ka uterus ma kahi o 900 mau iole mole.
Pono e hoʻohui ʻia i nā ʻiole mole olohelohe i kahi kamaʻilio kani i hoʻomohala ʻia, i kā lākou pae leo ʻaʻole i emi ma lalo o 18 mau ʻano o nā kani, ʻoi aku ka nui i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā rodents ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka mahana o ke kino ka mea maʻamau ʻole no nā ʻiole mole; hiki i (ke ana wela) ke loli, ke kaukaʻi ʻia i ke ʻano mahana o ke kaiapuni. E hoʻolohi i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka mahana, ʻākoakoa nā mea ʻeli i nā hui nui a hiki ke bask no kahi manawa lōʻihi i nā lua i kū kokoke i ka ʻili o ka honua. Hāʻawi ka loaʻa ʻana o ka metabolism lohi i ke ola o nāʻiole mole kahi lawa ʻole ka oxygen i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka honua a kiʻekiʻe ka ʻike o ka carbon dioxide, he mea make ia i nā mea ola ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Kiole mole olohelohe i lalo o ka honua
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, ʻo ka wahine, i kapa ʻia ʻo ke mōʻī wahine a i ʻole uterus, ke kuleana no ka hoʻohua ʻana o nā keiki i nā ʻiole mole olohelohe. No ka male ʻana, hoʻohana wale ʻo ia i kekahi mau kāne momona (maʻamau ʻelua a ʻekolu paha), ʻaʻole komo nā kamaʻāina ʻē aʻe āpau o ka labyrinth o ka honua i ke kaʻina hānau. ʻAʻole hoʻololi ke aliʻi wahine wahine i nā hoa, ka mālama ʻana i ka pilina mau me kēia mau kāne i wae ʻia no nā makahiki he nui. ʻO ka manawa hānau ma kahi o 70 mau lā, hiki i ka kōpū ke loaʻa nā keiki hou i kēlā me kēia 80 mau lā. Hiki i kahi maximum o 5 litters i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
Hiki ke kapa ʻia nā ʻiole mole ʻole lauoho ʻole, hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā meheu ʻē aʻe, hiki ke ʻokoʻa ka helu o nā keiki i hoʻokahi ʻōpala mai 12 a 27 mau kānaka. ʻO ke kaumaha o kēlā me kēia pēpē ma mua o ʻelua mau gram. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelua mau kakini keu i hiki ke hānau ʻia i ka manawa hoʻokahi, he 12 mau nipples wale nō ka wahine, akā ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo iki e make kekahi o nā keiki. Mahalo i ka noiʻi ʻana o ka poʻe ʻepekema ʻAmelika, ua ʻike ʻia e hānai hānai nā pēpē o nā ʻiole mole olohelohe, no ka mea he nui ka waiū o ka makuahine wahine. Ma muli o kēia ʻano hana hānai, ua ʻike nā pēpē i ka wā ʻōpio i ke koʻikoʻi o ka pili kaiaulu.
Hānai ka mōʻī wahine wahine i nā pēpē me ka waiū no hoʻokahi mahina, ʻoiai lākou e hoʻomaka i ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai paʻa a hiki i ʻelua pule o ko lākou makahiki. ʻAi ʻo Cubs i nā feces o nā limahana ʻē aʻe, no laila loaʻa iā lākou ka flora bacteria e pono ai e ʻeli i nā mea kanu i ʻai ʻia. I ka ʻekolu a ʻehā paha mau makahiki o ka makahiki, ke neʻe nei nā ʻiole mole ʻōpio i ka mahele o nā limahana, a ke kokoke nei nā rodent makua i ka makahiki hoʻokahi. E like me ka mea i hoʻomaopopo ʻia, ola nā mea ʻeli no nā rodents no kahi manawa lōʻihi - ma kahi o 30 mau makahiki (ʻoi aku kekahi mau manawa). ʻAʻole i hiki i nā ʻepekema ke ʻike pololei i ke kumu o kēia hana kū hoʻokahi o nā hana lōʻihi.
Mea hoihoi: ʻOiai hanohano ia he wahine wahine wahine, noho lākou ma mua o ka mea ʻeli ʻē aʻe. Ua ʻike nā kānaka noiʻi ʻo ke ola o ka kōpū mai 13 a 18 mau makahiki.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o ka ʻiole mole olohelohe
Kiʻi: ʻokiole iole mole
Ma muli o ke alakaʻi ʻana o nā mea ʻeli i kahi ʻano o ka nohona o ka honua a me ka hūnā, ʻaʻole lākou e hele i waho, a laila ʻaʻohe nui nā ʻenemi o kēia mau koʻokoʻo, no ka mea ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi mea ʻeli ma nā ʻōpū o ka honua, kahi e hohonu ai a ʻelua mau mika ka hohonu. I loko nō o ka nohona palekana a palekana hoʻi o kēia mau koʻokoʻo, aia nō iā lākou kahi poʻe makemake ʻole. Hiki ke kapa ʻia nā ʻenemi nui o nā mea ʻeli a nāhesa. Kākaʻikahi wale nō, akā hiki i kahi nahesa ma lalo pono o ka honua ke alualu i kahi rodent hoʻokahi, e ʻimi ana iā ia ma kahi ʻoka i eli ʻia. ʻAʻole pinepine kēia e hana, nānā nā nāhesa i nā holoholona ma ka ʻili.
Huli nā nahesa mole i nā ʻiole mole olohelohe i ka manawa ke kiola nā ʻōpala i ka nui o ka lepo mai kā lākou mau lua. Ke kali nei kahi mea kolo kolohe i ka helehelena o ka mea ʻeli, a hoʻopili pono i kona poʻo i loko o ka lua. Ke kīloi ka rodent i ka honua, lālau ʻo ia iā ia me ka lua uila. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻaneʻane makapō o nā ʻiole mole, ʻike maopopo lākou i nā pilau, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomaopopo koke i kā lākou poʻe huakaʻi mai nā malihini, a he hoʻomanawanui ʻole nā holoholona i ka hope.
Ma waena o nā ʻenemi o nā ʻiole mole olohelohe hiki ke hoʻonohonoho ʻia i ka poʻe e noʻonoʻo nei i kēia mau mea ola he pests o nā mea kanu a hoʻāʻo i nā rodent limime. ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki i nā mea ʻeli ke hōʻino i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana ma o ka pāʻina ʻana i nā aʻa a me nā aʻa, akā mai poina lākou, e like me nā mole, he hopena maikaʻi hoʻi kā lākou i ka lepo, ka hoʻokahe ʻana iā ia a hoʻomāʻona me ka oxygen.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Iole mole olohelohe
I ka nānā mua ʻana, me he mea lā he ʻiole pale mole olohelohe nā mea pale ʻole ʻole, no ka mea ʻike liʻiliʻi lākou i ka mea ʻole, liʻiliʻi i ka nui, a nele i ka hulu hipa. Ke hoʻopunipuni nei kēia manaʻo, no ka mea hiki i kēia mau koʻokoʻo ke hoʻokūkū me nā holoholona lōʻihi e pili ana i ko lākou hiki ke ola. I ka kamaʻilio ʻana e pili ana i ka heluna kanaka o nā ʻiole mole olohelohe, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻaʻole pili iki kēia mau holoholona maʻamau i ka nui o ko lākou wahi noho a maʻa mau. ʻAʻole ʻike ka lehulehu o nā ʻiole mole olohelohe i ka hoʻoweliweli o ka make ʻana; noho mau nā koʻokoʻo he nūhou maikaʻi ia. Wahi a ka ʻikepili IUCN, he kūlana mālama kēia ʻano koʻokoʻo i mea e hopohopo iki ai, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole i helu ʻia nā ʻiole mole olohelohe i ka Red Book a ʻaʻole pono i nā hana pale kūikawā.
Ua alakaʻi ʻia kekahi mau kumu i kahi kūlana maikaʻi e pili ana i ka helu o kēia mau holoholona, me nā:
- lalo, malu a palekana i ke ola o nā ʻeli, pale ʻia mai nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole kūwaho;
- ko lākou kūpaʻa i nā ʻano maʻi weliweli like ʻole;
- ka maʻalahi o ke koʻokoʻo i ka ʻeha a me ka hiki ke hiki ke ʻike ʻia i nā kumu kūwaho like ʻole;
- ʻano hana ʻokoʻa o ka lōʻihi o ke ola;
- ʻano momona kiʻekiʻe.
No laila, hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo he mahalo i ko lākou ʻano kū hoʻokahi, ua hiki i nā ʻiole mole olohelohe ke ola, e mālama nei i nā holoholona o ko lākou lehulehu ma ka pae kūpono.Ke lana nei ka manaʻo e hoʻomau kēia i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
I ka hopena, makemake wau e hoʻohui ʻaʻole kūlohelohe ke ʻano o ke kahaha ʻana iā mākou, mahalo i nā mea kūʻokoʻa a lohi loa e like me ʻiole mole olohelohe... ʻOiai ʻo ka nani o waho ʻaʻole ko lākou kiko ikaika, he nui nā keu ʻē aʻe o kēia mau koʻokoʻo i hiki ʻole i nā holoholona ʻē aʻe ke kaena aku. Hiki ke kāhea kūpono ʻia kēia mau holoholona kupaianaha i nā kumu kumu a me nā nuggets o ka honua i lalo.
Lā paʻi: 03/01/2020
Lā hou: 12.01.2020 ma 20:45
