ʻO Oribi ʻO kahi antelope ʻApelika liʻiliʻi, wikiwiki, like loa me ka gazelle dwarf (ʻohana Neotragini, ʻohana Bovidae). Noho ʻo ia ma ka ʻākau a me ka hema o nā savannas o ʻApelika, kahi e noho pālua ai nā holoholona liʻiliʻi paha. ʻO Oribi ka nohona ʻoi loa o ka lāhui antelope liʻiliʻi; ʻo ka hui maʻamau hoʻokahi kāne kāne me nā ʻāpana wahine ʻehā a me kā lākou ʻōpio.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Oribi
ʻO Oribi nā lālā o ka ʻohana antelope. ʻO ka inoa "oribi" mai ka inoa ʻo Africa no ka holoholona, oorbietjie. ʻO Oribi wale nō ka antelope dwarf a ʻo ka ruminant liʻiliʻi paha, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo herbivore, ʻoiai e ʻai i nā lau a me ka mauʻu. Loaʻa iā ia ka wai lawa mai kāna meaʻai e kūʻokoʻa ai i ka wai.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Oribi i 8 subspecies, a ʻo kēlā me kēia mea i 80 cm ke kiʻekiʻe. I ka hapanui o nā ʻōpili oribi, ʻoi aku ke kaupaona o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne. Noho ʻo Oribi i nā hui a i 4 mau kānaka ma nā panalāʻau mai 252 a 100 hectares. Hoʻokele ʻia ka hui e kahi kāne nāna ke kuleana no ka pale ʻana i ka ʻāina.
Video: Oribi
Haʻalele ka Oribi i ko lākou mau panalāʻau e kipa i nā lika paʻakai, nā lau nahele me nā mauʻu pōkole i hana ʻia e nā mea nunui, a me nā hua o nā lau nahele ma hope o ka puhi ʻana i ke kau maloʻo. No laila, hiki i kahi lālani o Oribi ke ʻākoakoa ma ka honua kūlike ʻole. Ke hoʻoneʻe ke ahi o kēlā me kēia makahiki i nā wahi hūnā ʻole me ka hoʻohui pū ʻole, holo nā lālā ma nā ʻaoʻao āpau.
ʻIke ʻia kēia antelope e kona huluhulu ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, ʻōpū keʻokeʻo a me ka huelo ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, keʻokeʻo ma lalo. He ʻaʻahu ʻeleʻele ka wahine ma ka piko o ke poʻo a ma nā wēlau o nā pepeiao, ʻoiai ke kani a ka kāne i nā pepeiaohao.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o Oribi
He kūkulu lahilahi ʻo Oribi, kahi lālā lōʻihi a me ka ʻāʻī lōʻihi. ʻO 51-76 cm kona kiʻekiʻe, a ʻo kona kaumaha ma kahi o 14 kg. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne, he pepeiao pepeiao ko lākou, a ʻo nā kāne he pepeiaohao a he 19 knm ka lōʻihi. He pōkole, paheʻe ka ʻahu o ka holoholona, mai ka brown a i ka brown brown. ʻO Oribi he mau keʻokeʻo o lalo, rump, puʻu a me loko pepeiao, a me kahi laina keʻokeʻo ma luna o ka maka. He wahi ʻeleʻele ʻōlohelohe kona ma lalo o kēlā me kēia pepeiao a me kahi huelo ʻeleʻele pōkole. Aia ke kala o ka oribi i kona wahi.
He ʻano kikoʻī ko ka oribi o ka hulu keʻokeʻo ma luna pono o nā maka. ʻUlaʻula nā puka ihu a aia kahi kiko ʻeleʻele nui ma lalo o kēlā me kēia pepeiao. He glandular kēia wahi ʻōhule, a ʻo nā pelu kū i luna o nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka waha (hāʻawi ka hope i kahi ʻala e ʻae i ka holoholona e māka i kona panalāʻau).
ʻOiaʻiʻo leʻaleʻa: Kaulana ka Oribi no kā lākou lele ʻana "hoʻolei", kahi e lele pono ai lākou i ka lewa me kā lākou mau wāwae ma lalo o lākou, hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ko lākou kua, ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i kekahi mau ʻanuʻu hou a kū hou.
Liʻiliʻi ʻo Oribi i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā antelope ʻApelika Hema ʻē aʻe. Hiki i ka lōʻihi o 92 a 110 centimika a me ke kiʻekiʻe o 50 a 66 kenimika. Kaupaona ʻia ka oribi ma waena o 14 a 22 kg. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke ola o kahi oribi ma kahi o 13 mau makahiki.
No laila, nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hiʻohiʻona o ka oribi penei:
- huelo ʻeleʻele pōkole;
- nā pepeiao oval me kahi lauʻeleʻele ma ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo;
- ʻeleʻele ma lalo o nā pepeiao;
- kino ʻeleʻele me ka keʻokeʻo ma lalo;
- he pepeiaohao manamana pōkole ko nā kāne a he apo ma ke kumu;
- ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne;
- ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kua i mua o ka mua.
Ma hea e noho ai ʻo Oribi?
Kiʻi: Oribi pygmy antelope
Loaʻa ʻo Oribi ma waena o ʻApelika sub-Saharan. Noho lākou i nā ʻāpana o Somalia, Kenya, Uganda, Botswana, Angola, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, a me ʻApelika Hema. Eia kekahi, loaʻa lākou ma ka hikina a ma waena o ʻApelika Hema. ʻO ia kahi home i nā mālama kūlohelohe e like me Kruger National Park, ka Oribi Gorge Nature Reserve, ka Shibuya Private Game Reserve, a me ka Ritvlei Game Reserve ma Gauteng, kahi home o ka Oribi.
Ua hoʻopuehu ʻia ʻo Oribes a puni ʻApelika, a ʻaʻohe kaula hoʻomau hoʻokahi kahi e loaʻa ai lākou. Hoʻomaka ko lākou pae ma ke kahakai o ʻApelika Hema ʻo East Cape, e neʻe iki ana i ka ʻāina nui, e hele ana ma KwaZulu-Natal i Mozambique. Ma Mozambique, ua pālahalaha lākou ma waena o ka ʻāina a hiki i ka palena a ka ʻĀribi e puʻunaue ai me Zimbabwe, a ʻoi aku i Zambia. Noho lākou i nā ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Tanzania a hoʻonui pono i ka palena o ʻApelika ma ka lihi o ka wao akua ʻo Sahara a hiki i ke kapakai o ʻApelika Komohana. Aia kekahi kahakai kokoke ma ke kahakai ʻo Kenyan kahi e hui ai lākou.
ʻO Oribi kekahi o nā antelope liʻiliʻi e ʻai ana i ka hapanui, ʻo ia hoʻi ka pale aku i nā wahi i hoʻomalu ʻia e nā laʻalāʻau a me nā kumulāʻau a me nā wahi o ka nui o nā lau nahele. ʻO ka mauʻu mauʻu, nā ulu lāʻau ākea a me nā kahawai ʻoi loa nā wahi kahi e nui ai lākou. Makemake lākou e ʻai i ka mauʻu pōkole, ma muli o ko lākou nui a me ko lākou kiʻekiʻe, a no laila hiki ke noho pū me nā mea ulu lāʻau nui e like me nā buffaloes, nā zebras a me nā hippos, e hānai nei i nā mea kanu kiʻekiʻe.
Pili kēia ʻano me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe a hiki ke hānai me ka maluhia me kā Thomson gazelle a i ʻole hippopotamus. Manaʻo kekahi poʻe noiʻi ua hui like kēia ʻano ma muli o ka like like o nā mea ʻino me ia, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka likelike o ka ʻike ʻana i ka mea hōkai. ʻOiai ka nui o ka pae ma ʻApelika, ʻaʻohe oribi i hōʻike ʻia ma Burundi no kahi manawa lōʻihi.
He aha ka ʻai a Oribi?
Kiʻi: antibope Oribi
Koho pono ʻo Oribi i nā mea kanu āna e ʻai ai. Makemake ka holoholona i nā mauʻu pōkole. Eia nō naʻe, ma kahi e hiki ai, ʻai pū nō hoʻi ia i nā lau ʻē aʻe a me nā wana ke maloʻo a wela paha i mea mau loa ka mauʻu. Hoʻonāukiuki ʻo Oribi i kekahi manawa i nā mea kanu ma ke kula e like me ka palaoa a me nā ʻoka no ka mea like kēia mau meaʻai i kā lākou papaʻai maoli.
Mea leʻaleʻa: Loaʻa ka Oribi i ka hapa nui o kā lākou wai mai nā mea kanu a me nā lau a lākou e ʻai ai a ʻaʻole pono e pono i ka wai o ka honua e ola.
Hānai ʻo Oribi i ka wā mākū ke loaʻa koke ka mauʻu hou a peeks ke hiki mai ka maloʻo, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka mauʻu hou. Pau kēia mammal herbivorous ma ka liʻiliʻi he ʻumikūmākahi mau mea kanu like ʻole a hānai i nā lau mai nā kumulāʻau ʻehiku. ʻIke ʻia nō hoʻi e kipa aku ai ka holoholona i nā lika paʻakai i kēlā me kēia a i nā lā ʻekolu.
ʻO Oribi kekahi o nā mammal e pono ai nā ahi. Ma hope o ke pio ʻana o ke ahi, hoʻi ka oribi i kēia wahi a ʻai i ka mauʻu ʻōmaʻomaʻo hou. Kaha nā kāne makua i ko lākou panalāʻau me nā mea hūnā mai nā gland preorbital. Pale lākou i ko lākou wahi ma ke kaha ʻana i ka mauʻu me nā hui o nā huna ʻeleʻele mai nā ʻōpū preorbal, urination, a me nā ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: ʻAlelona Oribi antelope
Oribi hiki ke loaʻa ma nā pālua a i ʻole ka hui o ʻekolu. Inā he holoholona mehameha, he kāne paha ia, e like me ka hoʻopili mau ʻana o nā wahine. Ma nā wahi kaʻawale, nui aku paha ka nui o nā hui. Teritori loa nā mākia male a uhi i kahi o 20 a 60 hectares.
Kū i mua o ka makaʻu - he predator pinepine - kū kū ʻole ka oribi i ka mauʻu kiʻekiʻe, me ka manaʻo e noho ʻike ʻole ʻia. Ke hoʻokokoke mai ka mea ʻino a he mau mika ka mamao mai ka antelope, e lele ka mea hiki ke loaʻa, e hoʻomālamalama i ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa keʻokeʻo o kāna huelo e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka ʻenemi, ʻoiai e hana ana i kahi ʻoki kiʻekiʻe. Hiki iā lākou ke lele i luna, hoʻopololei i ko lākou wāwae a hoʻopaʻa i ko lākou kua i ke kahaha e ka mea ʻaka. Kapa ʻia kēia maneuver he stotting.
ʻO kēia mau antelope he teritori loa, e like me ko lākou mau hoahānau, a hana pū i nā pālua moho no ke ola a pau, akā ʻaʻole like me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. Hiki iā Oribi ke hana i nā pālua kahi i ʻoi aku ai i nā kāne a ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi wahine hānau hānau, a ʻaʻole wale he mau kāne monogamous maʻalahi o hoʻokahi kāne a hoʻokahi wahine. ʻO ka maʻamau maʻamau mai 1 a 2 mau wahine no kēlā me kēia kāne. Noho nā kāne ma kahi like, a ʻokoʻa ka nui, akā ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka awelika ma kahi o 1 kilomika kilomika. Ke kuhi ka wahine i ko lākou ʻāina, hoʻomaka ke kāne e honi i ka wahine, a laila hoʻopili mua i kāna feces. Hoʻohana ke kāne i ka momona o ka ʻala e waiho i kona ʻala ma aneʻi, ma mua o ka hehi ikaika ʻana i ka lepo o ka wahine a waiho i ka mimi a me ka lepo ma luna o kāna lepo.
ʻOiaʻiʻo leʻaleʻa: He 6 mau aʻa like ʻole o Oribi e hana ana i nā ʻaʻala e hoʻohana ʻia e hōʻailona i ko lākou mau panalāʻau, akā hoʻohana pinepine ʻia hoʻi e lawe i nā ʻike like ʻole.
ʻAʻole hele iki lākou i ka pili kino ma mua o ka male ʻana, ʻoiai pili nā lālā o ka ʻohana i ko lākou ihu ma kekahi ʻano. Nui ka manawa a nā kāne e kiaʻi nei i nā palena a me ka māka ʻana i ko lākou mokuna, ma kahi o 16 mau manawa i kēlā me kēia hola, me nā huna e puka ana mai kekahi o ko lākou mau glands.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Oribi ma ʻApelika
ʻO kēia mau antelope wahine ma waena o ʻApelila a me Iune a ma hope o kahi wā hānau 7-mahina, hānau ʻia hoʻokahi keiki hipa. Kū pinepine ka hānau mua a ka wahine ke piha ka makahiki o ka makuahine i ka makahiki ʻelua (eia naʻe, hiki i ka wahine ke ʻōpio ma mua o 10 mau mahina a hiki i ka hāpai ʻana mai kēlā makahiki), a ma hope e hānau ʻo ia ma kahi o hoʻokahi keiki hipa i kēlā me kēia makahiki a hiki i kona hiki ʻana i 8 a me 13 mau makahiki.
Hānau ʻia ka hapa nui o nā keiki i ka wā ua i ka wā e loaʻa koke ka meaʻai a lawa ka hānai no ka makuahine a me ka pēpē. E hūnā ʻia ke keiki hipa i nā mauʻu kiʻekiʻe no nā hebedoma 8-10 mua o kona ola. E hoʻi hou ka makuahine iā ia e hānai. ʻO ka hope, ua ukuhi ʻia i ka 4 a i ʻole 5 mau mahina o ka makahiki. Hiki i nā kāne ke oʻo moekolohe ma 14 mau mahina. Hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha mau wahine i kēlā me kēia panalāʻau.
ʻOiai ʻike ʻia ʻo oribi i nā paʻa like, ua ʻike ʻia nā ʻano polygamous hou ma ka poʻomanaʻo monogamous a me ka ʻāina. Hiki i ka hapalua o ko ka ʻāina oribi i kahi wahi ke hoʻopili i ʻelua a ʻoi paha wahine wahine noho; ʻo nā wahine ʻē aʻe pinepine, akā ʻaʻole mau, he mau kaikamahine hānai.
ʻO kekahi hihia ʻokoʻa a ʻike ʻole ʻole ʻia i waena o nā pygmy antelope i hana ʻia ma Serengeti National Park ma Tanzania, kahi e ʻelua a ʻekolu paha kāne kāne makua e pale like i ka ʻāina. ʻAʻole lākou e hana ia mea ma nā ʻōlelo kaulike: ʻo ka mea nona ka ʻāina e ʻae i nā kāne ma lalo ke komo i ka ʻaelike. ʻAʻole loaʻa iā ia nā wahine hou a ukali i nā manawa ma lalo, akā ʻo ka pale pale ʻana e hoʻolōʻihi ai i ka ʻona ʻāina.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o ka oribi
Kiʻi: wahine wahine ʻo Oribi
I ka nahelehele, palupalu ka oribi i nā mea ʻino e like me:
- ʻākena;
- hyenas;
- liona;
- nā leopadi;
- nā ʻīlio hae;
- ʻĪlio hihiu ʻApelika;
- ʻōpala;
- nahesa (ma nā pythons kikoʻī).
Hoʻoweliweli pū ʻia nā ʻōpio ʻōiwi e nā ʻīlio hae, nā pōpoki momona Libyan, nā pulupulu, nā baboons, a me nā ʻaeto. Ma nā hapanui o nā mahiʻai kahi i loaʻa ai ka oribi, ʻo ka predation nui o ka caracal a me ka jackal ma ka oribi kekahi mea nui i ko lākou emi ʻana. Noho ʻo Caracal a me jackal i nā wahi noho i loko a puni ka ʻāina mahiʻai. He mea nui ka papa hoʻomalu predator pono i ke ola ʻana o nā laha e like me ka oribi.
Eia nō naʻe, ma ʻApelika Hema, ʻimi pū ʻia lākou ma ke ʻano he kumu meaʻai a i ʻole haʻuki, i kū ʻole i ke kānāwai. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Oribi kahi kumu o ka ʻiʻo no nā poʻe he nui ma ʻApelika a hiki i ka huli holoholona a me ka lawaiʻa nui ʻana. Ke hoʻohana a ʻimi ʻīlio hoʻi, ʻaʻohe loaʻa iki i kēia mau holoholona ke ola. Hoʻoweliweli ʻia ko lākou wahi maoli e ka haumia, ke kūlanakauhale a me nā ululāʻau kalepa.
ʻO ka wahi i makemake ʻia o ka oribi he mauʻu hāmama. ʻO kēia ka mea i maʻalahi iā lākou i ka poachers. Hiki i nā hui poachers nui me kā lākou ʻīlio hopu holoholona ke holoi i ka heluna kanaka oribi i ka huli hoʻokahi. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka nohona makemake o ka oribi e pau i ka lima o nā ʻona mahiʻai pilikino. Me nā pā holoholona wale nō a me ka nele o ke kālā no nā kime anti-poaching loea kūikawā, ʻo kēia antelope liʻiliʻi kahi pahuhopu nui no nā ʻāpana lawaiʻa.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o Oribi
I nā makahiki he iwakālua i hala aku nei, ma kahi o 750,000 ka heluna o ka poʻe oribi, akā mai ia manawa ua emi ka paʻa a ua emi iki i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻoiai ʻaʻohe helu kanaka nui e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻole i kēia. ʻO ka heluna nui loa o Oribi ma ʻApelika Hema i loaʻa i ka Chelmsford Nature Reserve ma ka moku ʻo KwaZulu-Natal.
Ke hoʻoweliweli ʻia nei ʻo Oribi i ka make ma muli o ka luku ʻia ʻana o ko lākou wahi noho a no ka ʻimi hewa ʻia. ʻO kā lākou wahi hānai punahele ke kikowaena o ka mahiʻai a no laila lilo i mea laha ʻole a ʻāpana hoʻi, ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻimi ʻana i ke kānāwai me nā ʻīlio he mea hou aʻe i ko lākou ola. Eia nō naʻe, ke noho nei kahi mahele nui o ka heluna kanaka ma ka ʻāina pilikino, a ʻo ka helu kanaka ʻana i ka makahiki he mea hana nui ia no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka nui o ka heluna kanaka a me nā loina.
Ma waho aʻe o kēia, aia ka hemahema o ka ʻike i ko lākou kūlana, i hiki ai i ka hoʻokele kūpono ʻole ʻana o ka laha. Minamina, he māka maʻalahi lākou no ka poʻe ʻai holoholona, no ka mea noho mau lākou ke hoʻokokoke ʻia, ke kaukaʻi ʻia i kā lākou camouflage kūlohelohe, ma kahi o ka heʻe ʻana. Pono e pale ʻia kēia mau antelope hilahila no ka mea ke emi nei ko lākou helu i kahi helu weliweli.
Kiaʻi Oribi
Kiʻi: Oribi mai ka Red Book
ʻO ka Oribi Working Group, kahi hui mālama mālama multidisciplinary e hāʻule ma lalo o ka Threatened Wildlife Grassland Program, i kēia manawa a hoʻololi maikaʻi ʻelua mau Oribi pālua i nā waihona hou a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. ʻO ka neʻe ʻana i kēia mau holoholona kahi ʻāpana o kahi hoʻolālā mālama.
ʻO Oribi, kahi antelope mākaukau nui e noho ana i nā wahi hānai o ʻApelika, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Endangered i ka Red List of South Africa Mammals ma muli o ka emi wikiwiki ʻana i nā makahiki i hala iho nei. ʻO ka hoʻoweliweli nui loa i ka oribi ka luku palena ʻole o ko lākou wahi noho a me ka ʻimi mau ʻana o nā laha ma o ka ʻimi holoholona ʻana me nā ʻīlio.
ʻO nā ʻona ʻona me ka mālama ʻana i nā wahi hānai pono a me ka ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka nānā ʻana a me ka kaohi ʻana o ka ʻīlio ʻīlio i mea nui i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kūlana o ka oribi. Eia nō naʻe, aia kēia ma waho o ka kaohi o nā mea ʻona, a i kēia mau kaʻawale, ke neʻe nei ka hui hana a Oribi i nā holoholona e aneane pau i ka mālama ʻia a ʻoi aku ka mālama kūpono.
No laila ua neʻe ka hui hana i ka oribi mai ka waihona Nambiti Game i KwaZulu-Natal, kahi o ka resettlement hou o cheetahs i hoʻoweliweli ai iā lākou, i ka mālama kūlohelohe ʻo Gelijkwater Mistbelt. Kūpono kēia mālama kūlohelohe piha no ka hoʻokipa ʻana i ka oribi i noho ma ia wahi akā ua nalo i kekahi mau makahiki i hala. Mālama mau nā kiaʻi i ka wahi, e hōʻoia ana i kahi mālama kahi puʻuhonua palekana no oribi i haʻalele ʻia.
Ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe ka ʻāina mahi a mahi ʻoi aku ka nui o nā holoholona i nā ʻāpana nui o ka ʻāina, ke hoʻokikina ʻia nei ka oribi i nā wahi liʻiliʻi a me nā ʻāpana i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia. Hōʻike kēia hiʻohiʻona iā ia iho i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka helu o oribi i loaʻa i nā wahi pale a mamao loa mai nā wahi noho. ʻOiai i kēia mau wahi i pale ʻia, ʻaʻole palekana ka lehulehu.ʻO kahi laʻana, ua hōʻike ʻo Boma National Park a me South National Park ma South Sudan i ka emi ʻana o ka heluna kanaka i nā makahiki i hala iho nei.
ʻO Oribi kahi antelope liʻiliʻi i kaulana no kona wahi noho hanohano a loaʻa i nā savannas o ka ʻĀpana ʻo Sahara ʻApelika. He wāwae wīwī kona a me ka ʻāʻī lōʻihi a nani hoʻi me ka huelo pokole a fluffy. I kēia lāoribi ʻO ia kekahi o nā māmela hoʻoweliweli nui loa ma ʻApelika Hema, ʻoiai aia nō kekahi o lākou i nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ʻApelika.
Lā o ka paʻi ʻia: 01/17/2020
Lā hou: 03.10.2019 ma 17:30
