Inā ʻoe e hoʻohuli i kou manaʻo a ʻohiʻohi i nā manu a ʻoi aku a ʻoi paha o nā manu nani no ka hoʻokūkū nani, a laila hiki ke loaʻa ka mea lanakila ma waena o lākou murie polū... A ʻo nā mea āpau no ka mea he helehelena ʻālohilohi a kamahaʻo kēia manu me ka plumage hina hina ma ke kino, nā ʻeheu uliuli a me ka huelo, a he pāpale ʻeleʻele hoʻi ma kona poʻo. Hoʻohālikelike kēia mau ʻano āpau i ka poʻe e noʻonoʻo ʻo ka murie polū ka manu o ka hauʻoli ʻaʻole hiki i nā mea āpau ke ʻike.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Blue Magpie
ʻO ka magpie polū (Cyanopica cyana) he manu maʻamau ia no ka ʻohana "Crows" (Corvidae), ma waho e like loa me ka magpie maʻamau (ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo), koe wale no kahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a me ke ʻano o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo nani o ke ʻano.
Hiki i kona lōʻihi o ke kino i 35 knm, ʻo kona ʻēheu he 45 knm, a ʻo kona kaupaona 76-100 gram. E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia, i ka helehelena a me ke kumukānāwai, ua like ka murie polū me ka murie maʻamau, koe wale nō kona kino, ka nuku a me nā wāwae he mea pōkole loa ia.
Video: Blue Magpie
ʻO ka plumage o ka luna o ke poʻo o ka manu, ʻo ke kua o ke poʻo a ʻo kahi ʻāpana a puni nā maka he ʻeleʻele. Keokeo ka umauma luna a me ka puʻu. ʻO ka hope o ka murie brownish a i ʻole beige māmā me kahi ʻāhi uahi iki i ka hina. ʻO nā hulu ma nā ʻeheu a me ka huelo kahi ʻano azure a i ʻole ke kala polū ʻulaʻula. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ka huelo o ka manu - 19-20 cm.Pōkole ka nuku, akā ikaika. Pōkole nō hoʻi nā ʻele, ʻeleʻele.
ʻO nā hulu polū ma nā ʻeheu a me ka huelo e hoʻomālamalama a ʻōlinolino i ka lā. I ka mālamalama mālamalama (i ke ahiahi) a i ʻole ke ao kūpilikiʻi, nalowale ka ʻōlinolino, a hele a hina ka manu a inconspicuous. I ka nahelehele, ola ka magpie polū no 10-12 mau makahiki. I ka pio ʻana, lōʻihi paha kona lōʻihi. Maʻalahi ka tame a hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka manu.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka murie polū
ʻO ka magpie polū kahi manu i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka starling. I ka nānā mua ʻana, like loa ʻo ia me ka mopie ʻeleʻele a me keʻokeʻo maʻamau. I ka helehelena, ʻokoʻa ia mai kona ʻohana e kahi pāpale hinuhinu ʻeleʻele ma kona poʻo, kahi kino hina a brownish paha, kahi huelo polū a me nā ʻeheu. Keokeo ka puʻu, pāpālina, umauma a me ka wēlau o ka manu, ʻeleʻele ka ʻōpū, me ka mohala ʻana o ka brownish, ʻeleʻele ka nuku a me nā wāwae.
ʻO nā ʻeheu o ka magpie polū kahi hanana i kūlike loa no ka ʻohana manu koraka, akā ʻano ʻokoʻa ke ʻano o kā lākou plumage - uliuli a polū paha ke aniani, ʻālohilohi, hoʻomālamalama i ka lā a pōuliuli, ʻaneʻane ʻike ʻole ʻia i ke kukui maikaʻi ʻole. Mahalo i kēia hiʻohiʻona i loaʻa i ka magpie polū kona inoa. I nā moʻolelo he nui a me nā kaʻao, kapa ʻia ka murie polū ka bluebird o ka hauʻoli. Loaʻa i nā mopies ʻōpio ʻōpio ke kala a me nā hiʻohiʻona o nā mākua i ka makahiki o 4-5 mau mahina.
Manu ʻoluʻolu loa nā mopies polū. ʻAneʻane ʻaʻole lākou e lele hoʻokahi, akā e hoʻāʻo mau e mālama i nā pūʻā nui a pale i ka poʻe. Me kā lākou mau maʻamau, nā maʻamau a me nā ʻano, he like loa lākou me nā mopies maʻamau - akahele, akamai, ka mea hoʻi, ʻaʻole ia e pale iā lākou mai ka hōʻike ʻana i ka hoihoi i kekahi manawa.
Ma hea e noho ai ka magpie polū?
Kiʻi: Blue murie i Lūkia
Noho nā ʻūlū murū ʻaneʻane i nā panalāʻau holoʻokoʻa o Hikina Hema Asia. ʻO ka nui o ka wahi o ka nohona ma kahi o 10 miliona mau mika kūlike. km Hoʻomaopopo ka International Union of Ornithologists e hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻāpana 7 o kēia mau manu e noho nei ma Mongolia (ʻākau hikina) a me 7 mau panalāʻau ma Kina, Iapana a me Korea, Manchuria, a me Hong Kong. I Lūkia, aia he kanahā mau lehulehu i ka Hikina hikina, ma Transbaikalia (nā wahi hema).
ʻO nā ʻāpana ʻewalu o nā ʻie polū - Cyanopica cyana cooki he ʻano hoʻopaʻapaʻa ka wehewehe ʻana a noho ma ka Iberian (Iberian) Peninsula (Pokukala, Sepania). I nā makahiki i hala aku nei, ʻike ʻia kēia manu ma Kelemānia pū kekahi.
I ke kenekulia i hala, ua manaʻo ka ʻepekema ua lawe ʻia ka magpie i ʻEulopa e nā luina Pukiki i ke kenekulia 16. I ka makahiki 2000, ua loaʻa nā koena o kēia mau manu ma kahi o 40 tausani mau makahiki ma ka mokupuni ʻo Gibraltar. Ua hōʻole loa kēia i ka manaʻo paʻa lōʻihi. I ka makahiki 2002, ua loaʻa nā kānaka noiʻi ma ka Institute of Genetics ma ke Kulanui o Nottingham i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka heluna o nā murū polū i loaʻa ma ʻAsia a me ʻEulopa.
Mea hoihoi: Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke au o ka hau, he mea maʻamau ka mopies polū ma ka panalāʻau o kēia lā ʻo Eurasia a me ka moho o kahi ʻano hoʻokahi.
Makemake nā mopies polū e noho i nā ululāʻau, makemake i nā massifs me nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe, akā me ka hiki ʻana mai o ka lāhui, hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou i nā māla a me nā pāka, i nā mānoanoa o ka eucalyptus. I ʻEulopa, noho ka manu i nā ululāʻau coniferous, nā ulu lāʻau ʻoka, ulu lāʻau ʻoliva.
I kēia manawa ʻike ʻoe i kahi i loaʻa ai ka murie polū. E ʻike kāua i kāna mea e ʻai ai.
He aha ka ʻai a ka magpie polū?
Kiʻi: Blue murie i ka lele ʻana
I ka papaʻai, ʻaʻole picky nui nā murai polū a manaʻo ʻia he mau manu omnivorous. ʻO ka manawa pinepine lākou e ʻai ai i nā hua like ʻole, kanu i nā ʻanoʻano, nā nati, nā acorn. ʻO kekahi o nā mea punahele a nā manu he ʻalemona, no laila hiki ke ʻike pinepine ʻia lākou i nā māla a i nā ulu lāʻau i nui nā ʻalemona.
ʻO nā meaʻai pū kekahi no nā kanahā.
- nā pepelu like ʻole;
- ilo:
- ʻenuhe;
- nā koʻekoʻe liʻiliʻi;
- poʻe amphibians.
ʻImi nā Magpies i nā koʻokoʻo a me nā amphibian ma ka honua, a hopu ʻino loa ʻia nā ʻelala i ka mauʻu, ma nā lālā lāʻau, a i unuhi ʻia paha mai lalo o ka ʻili me ke kōkua o ko lākou nuku a me nā wāwae wāwae.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: No ka murie polū, a no kona ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele hoʻi, he ʻano like ke ʻano o ka ʻaihue. ʻO kēia ka hiki i nā manu ke ʻaihue maʻalahi i nā maunu ʻelua mai kahi hei a i ʻole nā pahele ʻē aʻe, a me nā iʻa mai kahi lawaiʻa.
I ka hoʻoilo, ke loaʻa nā ʻano liʻiliʻi a me nā holoholona ʻai i ka nahele, hiki i nā murū polū ke ʻeli no ka manawa lōʻihi i loko o nā ipu ʻōpala a i nā landfills e ʻimi ai i nā ʻai. Ma laila, hiki ke hoʻolei ʻia kā lākou meaʻai i ka berena, ka tī, nā ʻāpana iʻa a me nā huahana iʻa. I nā manawa paʻakikī loa, ʻaʻole hoʻowahāwahā nā ʻūpū i ke kino o ke kino. Hiki pū i nā muries, me nā manu ʻē aʻe, nā malihini pinepine o nā mea hānai, i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i mea e kōkua ai iā lākou e ola i ka hoʻoilo.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Mūlū polū manu
He leo moakaka ka leo o nā mopies polū, no laila ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui no lākou ka aneane maʻamau. Alakaʻi nā manu i kahi ala mālie a hūnā o ke ola wale nō i ka wā o ka pūnana a me ka hānai ʻana i nā keiki. Makemake nā Magpies e noho i nā ʻohana hipa liʻiliʻi, ʻo ka helu o ia mau mea i ka kau. ʻO kahi laʻana, mai ke kauwela a i ka puna he 20-25 mau pālua, a i ke kauwela - 8-10 wale nō mau pālua. Eia kekahi, he liʻiliʻi loa ka mamao ma waena o kā lākou mau pūnana - 120-150 mau mika, a ʻo kekahi mau lālā o ka ʻohana e noho maʻamau i ke kaiāulu - ma ka lāʻau like.
I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole makemake nā kamaʻilio pālua o nā murū polū e launa pū kekahi me kekahi. Eia nō naʻe, i nā manawa o ka pilikia, ʻike ʻia nā mopies e ke kōkua pū kekahi. ʻOi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa he mau hihia ke hui pū nā manu me kahi hubbub a me ke kaua i alualu kahi mea ʻino (hawk, pōpoki hihiu, lynx) mai ka pūnana o kā lākou hoa hipa, kokoke e ʻalalā i kona mau maka.
ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ka poʻe ma kēia ʻano. Ke hoʻokokoke ke kanaka i ko lākou panalāʻau, e uē nā murū, e hoʻomaka e hoʻopuni iā ia a nahu paha i ka poʻo. ʻO nā mopies polū nā mea nomadic a me nā kau. I kēia pili, pili ia i ka nohona, ka loaʻa o ka meaʻai a me nā kūlana anilā. ʻO kahi laʻana, i nā anuanu anuanu, hiki iā lākou ke neʻe i 200-300 km i ka hema.
Mea hoihoi: Ma muli o ko lākou makemake no ka ʻaihue, hāʻule pinepine nā murū polū i nā pahele e hoʻāʻo ana e huki i ka maunu.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: He mau pulu polū
Hoʻomaka ka wā moena i nā murū polū i ka hopena o ka hoʻoilo. Hana pinepine ʻia kā lākou mau hulahula ma ka honua a i ʻole nā lālā lalo o nā kumulāʻau. I ka manawa like, ʻākoakoa nā kāne i nā hui nui, e hōʻike ana i ko lākou alo me ka uē nui. I ka wā e hoʻokipa ana, ke kāne, e hoʻonui ana i kāna huelo a me nā ʻēheu, e kūlou mau ana i kona poʻo, e hele a puni ka wahine, e hōʻike ana iā ia iho i kona nani a pau a hōʻike iā ia i kāna mahalo.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: Koho ʻia nā kāne ma ke kanaha no ke ola.
Kūkulu kahi kāne male i kahi pūnana, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ala āpau no kēia:
- nā lālā maloʻo liʻiliʻi;
- na nila;
- mauʻu maloʻo;
- limu
Mai loko mai, hoʻopīpī nā manu i ka pūnana me nā poʻe a pau: i lalo, nā lauoho holoholona, nā ʻāpana, nā ʻāpana pepa liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole hoʻohana hou nā manu i kā lākou mau pūnana kahiko, akā kūkulu mau i nā mea hou. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka pūnana i ka kalaunu o kahi kumulāʻau ma ka lālā kūpaʻa mānoanoa ma ke kiʻekiʻe o 5-15, a ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. ʻO 8-10 knm kona hohonu, a ʻo kona anawaena he 25-30 cm.
Hoʻomoe nā wahine wahine i nā hua manu ma kahi o ka hoʻomaka o Iune. I hoʻokahi lālani o nā murū polū, aia he 6-8 mau hua manu i ʻike ʻole ʻia i ʻano maʻamau, ka nui o ka ʻūlū a i ʻole ka nui iki. Hoʻokomo nā wahine iā lākou no 14-17 mau lā, ʻikepili me nā mōhai mau mai nā kāne mālama. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā kāne i kēia wā hana i ka hana o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe wahine, e lawe ana i nā feces o nā wahine mai nā pūnana. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi ʻo Chicks. Uhi ʻia lākou me ka fluff pouli a ʻaʻole melemele ko lākou nuku, e like me ka nui o nā moa, akā ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: hānai nā murai polū i kā lākou mau keiki i nā manawa he 6 i hoʻokahi hola, a ʻoi aku ka pinepine.
ʻO ka hōʻea ʻana mai o nā mākua me ka meaʻai (nā ʻelima liʻiliʻi, nā ʻenuhe, nā ilo, nā midges) aloha mau nā keiki a me nā ʻūlū hauʻoli. Inā kū ka makaʻu iki, a laila ma ka hōʻailona o nā mākua, e emi koke nā keiki. Haʻalele nā Chicks i ka pūnana i ka makahiki o 3-4 mau pule. I ka mua lele lele ʻino loa lākou no ko lākou mau ʻeheu liʻiliʻi a me ka huelo pokole. No kēia kumu, aia nā moa ma kahi o ka pūnana no ʻelua paha pule, a hānai nā mākua iā lākou i kēia manawa āpau. I ka makahiki 4-5 mau makahiki, loaʻa i ka ʻōpio ke kala makua, akā i ka mua ua ʻeleʻele ke nānā aku o nā moa ma mua o kā lākou mau hoa makua.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā murū polū
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka murie polū
ʻO nā mopies polū he manu akahele lākou, akā ʻo ko lākou ʻano maoli e ʻaihue e pāʻani pū kekahi i nā ʻōlelo hoʻomāinoino me lākou. ʻO ka mea ke hoʻāʻo e ʻaihue i ka maunu mai kahi hei a i ʻole hei i hoʻonoho ʻia e nā poʻe ʻimi holoholona, lilo pinepine nā manu i mau mea nāna lākou e ʻaʻa.
Hoʻohui ʻia, he manu i hopu ʻia i loko o kahi hei kahi makani a ka pōpoki hihiu, lynx a me nā felines ʻē aʻe. Pēlā nō hoʻi, hiki i kēia poʻe hōkai ke luku maʻalahi i nā pūnana o kanahā i mea e ʻahaʻaina ai i nā hua hou a i nā keiki liʻiliʻi paha. I ka lele ʻana, hiki ke alualu ʻia nā murū polū e nā ʻio, nā ʻaeto, nā ʻaeto, nā buzzards, nā pueo aeto, pueo nui.
No nā moa i haʻalele iki i ka pūnana a ʻaʻole i aʻo e lele maikaʻi, martens, weasels a me nā moʻo nui (i nā tropics) kahi pilikia nui. Ma muli o ko lākou helehelena kupaianaha a me ka hiki ke aʻo wikiwiki, ʻo nā mopies polū kahi mea i ʻimi nui ʻia i nā hale kūʻai holoholona. Ma muli o kēia, hopu pinepine ʻia lākou i ka nui a ʻeha pinepine ʻia.
Aia kekahi mau pōmaikaʻi i ke ola i ka paʻa pio no nā murai polū. No laila, no ka laʻana, inā ma ke ʻano kūlohelohe nā manu he 10-12 mau makahiki, a laila i ka lawe pio ʻana ua pāpālua ʻia ko lākou ola. ʻAʻole wale e ʻōlelo nā muries inā pono lākou i kahi ola ʻoluʻolu, pilikia ʻole a hānai maikaʻi ʻia me ka hiki ʻole ke hohola i ko lākou mau ʻeheu a lele i kahi a lākou e makemake ai?
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Blue Magpie
ʻO ka magpie polū kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o kahi hanana zoogeographic. No ke aha mai? ʻO ka ʻāpana wale nō o kāna kaʻana e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻelua mau heluna, aia ma kahi mamao loa mai kēlā me kēia (9000 km).
I ka manawa like, aia kekahi ma ʻEulopa (hema-komohana) ma ka Iberian (Iberian) Peninsula (1 mau ʻāpana), a ʻo kekahi, ʻoi aku ka nui, ma ka Hikina Hema Asia (7 mau ʻāpana). Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā manaʻo o ka ʻepekema e pili ana i kēia mea a manaʻo kekahi kekahi i loko o ke kau Tertiary ua uhi ka wahi noho o ka magpie polū i ka ʻāina holoʻokoʻa mai ke Kai Kaiwaena a hiki i ʻAsia Hikina. Na ka Ice Age i hoʻokaʻawale i ka heluna kānaka i ʻelua mau ʻāpana.
Wahi a kekahi manaʻo, manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole kūloko ka lehulehu o ʻEulopa, akā ua lawe ʻia i ka ʻāina nui ma mua o 300 mau makahiki i hala e nā hoʻokele Pukiki. Eia nō naʻe, pili kēia kānalua i nā kānalua, no ka mea, ua wehewehe ʻia nā ʻāpana ʻehā o nā mopies polū ma mua o 1830 a i kēlā manawa he nui nā ʻokoʻa mai nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe.
Ua hoʻokūpaʻa ʻia kēia e nā loiloi hou o ka heluna kanaka ʻEulopa, i hoʻokō ʻia i ka makahiki 2002, e hōʻoia ana e pono nō e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa - Cyanopica cooki. Wahi a nā noiʻi hou a ka European Bird Census Council, ʻo ka nui o nā taupua ʻelua he uliuli, paʻa a ʻaʻole pono e pale.
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia, murie polū ʻo ia ke ʻano nui o nā kaʻao, nā kaʻao a me nā mele o nā lāhui he nui. Mai nā wā kahiko loa, ua manaʻo ko mākou mau kūpuna inā kūleʻa ke kanaka ma ka liʻiliʻi i hoʻokahi manawa i kona ola e ʻike i kahi manu polū, e hoʻopā iā ia, a laila me ia ka hauʻoli a me ka laki. I kēia manawa ua hala loa kēia kuhihewa i ka wā i hala, ʻoiai ua ʻike lōʻihi nā mea aloha holoholona e noho ana kēlā manu i ka honua maoli a ʻaʻohe mea e pili ana i ka hauʻoli a me ka hoʻokō ʻana o nā makemake.
Lā paʻi: 12/20/2019
Lā hou: 09/10/2019 ma 20:16
