ʻO Cat TemminckKaulana ʻia he "pōpoki ahi" ma Thailand a me Burma, a ma ke ʻano he "pōpoki pōhaku" ma nā ʻāpana o Kina, he pōpoki hānai nani ia nona ka nui waena. ʻO lākou ka lua o ka mahele nui o nā pōpoki Asia. Kūleʻa ko lākou huluhulu i ke kala mai ke kinamona a i nā ʻano ʻeleʻele o ka brown, a me ka hina a me ka ʻeleʻele (melanistic).
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Cat Temminck
Ua like like ka pōpoki Temminck me ka pōpoki gula o ʻApelika, akā ʻaʻole paha pili pili, no ka mea, ʻaʻole pili nā ululāʻau o ʻApelika a me ʻAsia ma mua o 20 miliona mau makahiki i hala. ʻO kā lākou ʻano like paha he laʻana o ka evolution evolution.
Ua like ka pōpoki Temminck me ka pōpoki Borneo Bay i ka helehelena a me ke ʻano. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi genetic ua pili loa nā ʻano ʻelua. Loaʻa ka pōpoki Temminck ma Sumatra a me Malaysia, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai Borneo ma kahi o 10,000-15,000 mau makahiki i hala. Ua alakaʻi ʻia kēia mau mea i ʻike ʻia i ka pōpoki o Borneo Bay he subspecies insular o ka pōpoki Temminck.
Video: Cat Temminck
Ua hōʻike ʻia ka moʻo genetic i ka pōpoki Temminck, a me ka pōpoki Borneo Bay a me ka pōpoki marbled, ua neʻe aku mai kahi mau felines ʻē aʻe ma kahi o 9.4 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei, a ua ʻokoʻa ka pōpoki a Temminck a me ka pōpoki ʻo Borneo Bay ma kahi o ʻehā miliona mau makahiki i hala. ʻo ka hope he ʻano ʻokoʻa ia ma mua o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻia o Borneo.
Ma muli o kona pilina pili loa me ka pōpoki marbled, ua kapa ʻia ʻo Seua fai ("tiger ahi") ma kekahi mau panalāʻau o Thailand. Wahi a ka moʻolelo kaiaulu, ke puhi nei i ka huluhulu o nā pōpoki a Temminck i nā ʻaka. Manaʻo ʻia he hopena like ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻiʻo. Manaʻo ka poʻe Karen ua lawa ka lawe ʻana i hoʻokahi lauoho o ka pōpoki me lākou. Manaʻo ka poʻe ʻōiwi he pipiʻi ka pōpoki, akā ʻike ʻia ia i ke pio ʻana he polole a mālie hoʻi ia.
I Kina, ua manaʻo ʻia ka pōpoki Temminka he ʻano leopadi a ʻike ʻia ʻo "pōpoki pōhaku" a "leopadi melemele". ʻO nā ʻāpana kala ʻokoʻa he mau inoa ʻokoʻa: ʻo nā pōpoki me nā huluhulu ʻeleʻele i kapa ʻia ʻo "leopards ink" a ʻo nā pōpoki me nā hulu kiko ke nānā ʻia ua kapa ʻia he "leopards sesame".
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: Ua kapa ʻia ka pōpoki ma hope o ka Dutchologist o Cohenraad Jacob Temminck, nāna i wehewehe mua i ka pōpoki gula ʻApelika ma 1827.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka pōpoki Temminka
ʻO ka pōpoki Temminka kahi pōpoki liʻiliʻi me nā wāwae lōʻihi. Ua like ia i ka helehelena me ka pōpoki gula ʻApelika (Caracal aurata), eia naʻe ke hōʻike nei nā loiloi ʻano hou e pili loa ana i ka pōpoki ʻo Borneo Bay (Catopuma badia) a me ka pōpoki marbled (Pardofelis marmorata).
Aia ʻelua mau ʻāpana o ka pōpoki Temminck:
- catopuma temminckii temminckii ma Sumatra a me ka Peninsula ʻo Malay;
- catopuma temminckii moormensis mai Nepal a i ka ʻākau o Myanmar, Kina, Tibet, a me ʻAsia Hikina Hema.
ʻO ka pōpoki Temminka he mea kupanaha polymorphic i kona kala. ʻO ke kala ʻōniʻoniʻo maʻamau he gula a ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula paha, akā hiki ke ʻeleʻele a i ʻole hina. Ua hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau kānaka Melanistic a ke lilo i mea nui i kekahi mau wahi o kāna pae.
Aia kekahi ʻano kiko e kapa ʻia ka "ocelot morph" ma muli o kāna mau rosette e like me nā ocelot. I kēia lā, ua hōʻike ʻia kēia palapala mai Kina (ma Sichuan a me Tibet) a mai Bhutan. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona loa o kēia pōpoki nā laina keʻokeʻo e pili ana mai ka ʻeleʻele a i ka ʻeleʻele, e holo ana ma nā papalina, mai nā puka ihu i nā papalina, ma ke kihi o loko o nā maka a piʻi ka lei aliʻi. He kua ʻeleʻele ko nā pepeiao poepoe me kahi kiko hina. ʻO ka umauma, ʻōpū a me ka ʻaoʻao i loko o nā wāwae he keʻokeʻo me nā kiko māmā. Hinahina nā wāwae a me ka huelo i ka ʻeleʻele i nā wēlau distal. Ke keʻokeʻo hapa o ka huelo keʻokeʻo ma ka ʻaoʻao lalo a pinepine ka wili i wili ʻia i luna. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine.
Ma hea e noho ai ka pōpoki a Temminck?
Kiʻi: Cat Temminck i ke kūlohelohe
ʻO ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka popoki Temminck ua like ia me ka leopadi kapua nui (Neofelis nebulosa), ka leopadi kapua Sund (Neofelis diardi), a me ka pōpoki marbled. Makemake ʻo ia i nā ululāʻau ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me subtropical, ulu lāʻau ulu mau, a me nā ululāʻau maloʻo maloʻo. Loaʻa ma nā kapuaʻi o ka Himalayas ma Kina a me ʻAkia Hema Hikina. Noho ʻo ia i Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, a me Vietnam. ʻAʻole loaʻa ka pōpoki Temminka ma Borneo.
Ma India, ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ia ma nā ʻākau hikina hikina o Assam, Arunachal Pradesh a me Sikkim. ʻO nā wahi ākea hou aʻe, e like me nā laʻalāʻau a me nā mauʻu mauʻu, a i ʻole nā wahi pōhaku ākea i hōʻike ʻia i kēlā me kēia manawa. Ua ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano me nā kāmela hei i hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma kahi a kokoke paha i nā aila a me nā mahi kope ma Sumatra.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: ʻOiai hiki i nā pōpoki Temminck ke piʻi maikaʻi, hoʻolilo lākou i ka hapa nui o ko lākou manawa ma ka honua me kā lākou huelo lōʻihi e wili ʻia ana i ka piko.
Hoʻopaʻa pinepine ʻia ka pōpoki Temminck ma nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. Ua ʻike ʻia a i 3050m ma Sikkim, India, a ma Jigme Sigye Wangchuk National Park ma Bhutan ma 3738m ma kahi o nā rhododendrons dwarf a me nā kula. He moʻolelo kiʻekiʻena 3960 m, kahi i loaʻa ai ka pōpoki Temminka i loko o ka Hangchendzonga Biosphere Reserve, Sikkim, India. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi mau wahi ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o nā ululāʻau haʻahaʻa.
I ka Kerinchi Seblat National Park ma Sumatra, hoʻopaʻa ʻia ia e nā pahele kiʻi paʻi kiʻi wale nō ma nā wahi haʻahaʻa. Ma nā ululāʻau mauna o ka moku komohana o India o Arunachal Pradesh, ʻaʻole i hopu ʻia nā pōpoki Temminka e nā kāmela hei, ʻoiai ke ʻano o nā pōpoki mapere a me nā leopadi o nā ao.
I kēia manawa ʻike ʻoe i kahi e noho ai ka pōpoki hihiu o Temminika. E ʻike kāua i ka ʻai a kēia pōpoki Asia gula.
He aha ka ʻai a ka pōpoki a Temminck?
Kiʻi: Temminka ʻīlio hihiu
E like me ka nui o nā pōpoki o ko lākou nui, ʻo nā pōpoki Temminck he mea ʻai holoholona, ʻai pinepine lākou i nā mea liʻiliʻi e like me ka Indo-Chinese ground squirrel, nā moʻo liʻiliʻi a me nā amphibians ʻē aʻe, nā rodents a me nā hares ʻōpio. Ma Sikkim, India, ma nā kuahiwi, ʻimi pū lākou i nā holoholona nui aʻe e like me nā puaʻa hihiu, nā buffalo wai a me nā dia sambar. Ma kahi o ke kanaka e ʻimi ai lākou i nā hipa a me nā kao hānai.
ʻO ka pōpoki ʻo Temminck ka mea hahai holoholona i ka honua, ʻoiai ke koi nei nā kamaʻāina he piʻi akamai ʻo ia. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka pōpoki Temminck ka i hopu ʻia ma nā rodent nui. Eia nō naʻe, ʻike ʻia e alualu i nā mea kolo, nā amphibians liʻiliʻi, nā kolo, nā manu, nā manu kūloko a me nā ungulate liʻiliʻi e like me muntjac a me chevroten.
Ua hōʻike ʻia e hopu ʻia nā pōpoki Temminck i nā holoholona nui aʻe e like me:
- nā gorala i nā kuahiwi o Sikkim, India;
- puaʻa hihiu a me sambar ma Vietnam ʻĀkau;
- keiki bipi Buffalo ʻōpio.
Ua hōʻike ʻia ka ʻōkuhi o nā stingrays ma Taman Negara National Park ma Peninsula, ua loaʻa pū kekahi mau pōpoki i nā holoholona e like me ka mōʻī crepuscular a me ka ʻiole. Ma Sumatra, aia kekahi mau hōʻike mai nā kamaʻāina e ʻimi manu ʻo Temminck i kekahi manawa i nā manu.
I ka pio ʻana, hānai ʻia nā pōpoki Temminck i kahi papaʻai liʻiliʻi. Hāʻawi ʻia lākou i nā holoholona me kahi momona momona ma lalo o 10%, no ka mea me ka nui o ka momona, luai nā holoholona. Hoʻonui waiwai ʻia kā lākou meaʻai me nā mea hoʻopiha o ka carbonate aluminium a me nā multivitamins. ʻO nā "ʻai āpau make" i hōʻike ʻia i nā holoholona he moa, lāpaki, puaʻa guinea, ʻiole a me nāʻiole. I nā zoo, loaʻa nā pōpoki Temminck i ka 800 i ka 1500 kg o ka meaʻai i kēlā me kēia lā.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Temminka gula
ʻAʻole ʻike iki ʻia e pili ana i ka lawena o ka pōpoki Temminck. Ua manaʻo ʻia he po nui loa ia, akā ʻo nā hōʻike hou e hōʻike ana e ʻoi aku paha ka pōpoki i ke ahiahi a i ʻole ka diurnal. ʻO nā pōpoki Temminck ʻelua me nā kola lekiō ma Phu Khyeu National Park, Thailand, i hōʻike i ka hapa nui o ka diurnal a me nā wanaʻao i ka hana. Hoʻohui ʻia, kiʻi ʻia ka hapa nui o nā pōpoki Temminck i ke ao i ka Kerinchi Seblat a me Bukit Barisan Selatan National Parks ma Sumatra.
ʻO ka laulā o nā pōpoki radar Temminck ʻelua ma Thailand ma Phu Khieu National Park he 33 km ² (wahine) a me 48 km ((kāne) a ua uhi ʻia me ka nui. Ma Sumatra, ua hoʻohana kekahi wahine me ke kola lekiō i kahi hapa nui o kona manawa ma waho o ka wahi pale i nā wahi liʻiliʻi o ka ululāʻau koena i waena o nā māla kope.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: ʻO nā Vocalization o nā pōpoki Temminck me ke kaniʻuhū, ke kuha, ka ʻai ʻana, ka purring, ka namunamu a me ka ʻūlū ʻana. ʻO nā ʻano kamaʻilio ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻia i loko o nā pōpoki Temminck i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e like me ka ʻaʻala ʻana, ka pīpī ʻana i ka mimi, ka lū ʻana i nā lāʻau a me nā lāʻau me nā māiʻuʻu, a me ka ʻānai ʻana i ko lākou mau poʻo i nā mea like ʻole, like loa me ka hana a ka pōpoki kūloko.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Kime pōpoki Temminka
ʻAʻole ʻike nui ʻia e pili ana i ke ʻano hānau o kēia pōpoki elusive i ka nāhelehele. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea i ʻike ʻia i unuhi ʻia mai nā pōpoki pio. ʻO nā pōpoki wahine Temminck wahine ma waena o 18 a me 24 mau mahina, a me nā kāne ma ka 24 mau makahiki. Hoʻokomo nā wahine i ka estrus i kēlā me kēia 39 lā, a ma hope e waiho lākou i nā māka a ʻimi i ka launa me nā kāne i nā ʻano ʻeleu. I ka wā o ka moekolohe ʻana, e lālau ke kāne i ka ʻāʻī o ka wahine me kona mau niho.
Ma hope o kahi manawa hānau o 78 a 80 mau lā, hānau ka wahine i kahi ʻōpala o hoʻokahi i ʻekolu mau keiki i kahi wahi pale. Kaupaona nā keiki ma waena o 220 a me 250 gram i ka wā hānau, akā ʻekolu mau manawa ka nui i loko o nā pule ʻewalu mua o ke ola. Hānau ʻia lākou, ke loaʻa nei i ke ʻano o ke kapa makua, a hāmama i ko lākou mau maka ma hope o ʻeono a ʻumikūmālua lā. I ka noho pio ʻana, ola lākou a hiki i iwakālua mau makahiki.
ʻO kā Temminck pōpoki ma Wakinekona Park Zoo (i kēia manawa ʻo Oregon Zoo) ua hōʻike i ka piʻi nui o ka pinepine o ka pilau i ka wā estrus. I ka manawa like, ʻānai pinepine ʻo ia i kona ʻāʻī a me kona poʻo me nā mea ola ʻole. Hele pinepine ʻo ia i ke kāne i loko o ka pā, ʻānai iā ia a lawe i ke kuana o ka ʻike (lordosis) i mua ona. I kēia manawa, hoʻonui ka kāne i ka wikiwiki o ka pilau, a me ke alapine o kāna hele ʻana a me ka ukali ʻana i ka wahine. ʻO ka lawehala a ke kāne e pili ana i ka nahu ʻana o ka ʻipiput, akā ʻaʻole like me nā felines liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole i hoʻomau ʻia ka nahu.
Ua hana nā kāne ʻelua ma ka Wakinekona Zoo Wakinekona he 10 mau litters, a ʻo kēlā me kēia keiki he hoʻokahi keiki pipi; ʻelua mau litters o hoʻokahi keiki pipi, i hānau ʻia kēlā me kēia mea ma Wassenaar Zoo ma Netherlands, ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia kekahi keiki i kekahi mau ʻōpala. Ua hānau ʻia he ʻelua mau anakiki i loko o kahi mea kanu pōpoki pilikino ma Kaleponi, akā ʻaʻohe mea o lākou i ola.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā pōpoki Temminck
Kiʻi: Temminka weliweli Temminka
Nui ka ʻike ʻole e pili ana i nā poʻe pōpoki Temminck a me ko lākou kūlana, a me kahi pae haʻahaʻa o ka ʻike ākea. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hoʻoweliweli nui i ka pōpoki Temminck ka mea e lilo ai ka nohona a me ka loli ma muli o ka nāhelehele ʻana i nā ululāʻau tropical a subtropical. Ke ʻike nei nā ululāʻau ma ka Hikina Hema ʻo Asia i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka wao nahele ma ka ʻāina, mahalo i ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka ʻaila, kope, akasia a me nā mahi mahiʻai.
Hoʻoweliweli pū ʻia ka pōpoki o Temminck e ka ʻimi no kona ʻili a me nā iwi, i hoʻohana ʻia i ka lāʻau kuʻuna, a me ka ʻiʻo, i manaʻo ʻia he mea ʻono ma kekahi mau wahi. I kekahi mau wahi, ʻike ka poʻe i ka ʻai ʻana i ka iʻa pōpoki Temminck e hoʻonui ai i ka ikaika a me ka ikaika. Manaʻo ʻia ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā ʻano i nā wahi he nui.
Ua ʻike ʻia ke kālepa hulu popoki ma ka palena ma waena o Myanmar a me Thailand a ma Sumatra, a me nā wahi ma ka ʻākau hikina o India. I ka hema o Kina, ua ʻimi nui ʻia nā pōpoki Temminck no kēia kumu, no ka mea ua hoʻoliʻiliʻi ka nui o nā helika a me nā leopadi i ka nānā i nā ʻano feline liʻiliʻi. Hahai nā kamaʻāina i nā pōpoki a Temminck a hoʻonohonoho i nā pahele a hoʻohana paha i nā ʻīlio hahai holoholona e ʻike a kihi iā lākou.
Hoʻoweliweli pū ʻia ka laha e ka lawaiʻa kaulike ʻole a me ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka nui o nā mea pio ma muli o ke kaomi hopu kiʻekiʻe. Hahai nā kamaʻāina i nā ala o nā pōpoki gula a hoʻonohonoho i nā pahele a hoʻohana paha i nā ʻīlio hahai holoholona e ʻike a kihi i ka pōpoki gula Asia. Hoʻoweliweli pū ʻia ka laha e ka lawaiʻa kaulike ʻole a me ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka nui o nā mea pio ma muli o ke kaomi hopu kiʻekiʻe. Hahai nā kamaʻāina i nā ala o nā pōpoki gula a hoʻonohonoho i nā pahele a hoʻohana paha i nā ʻīlio hahai holoholona e ʻike a kihi i ka pōpoki gula Asia.
Pepehi ʻia hoʻi ka pōpoki Asian gula ma ka hoʻopaʻi no ka luku ʻana o nā holoholona. ʻO kahi noiʻi i mālama ʻia i nā kauhale e kokoke ana iā Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park ma Sumatra i ʻike ʻia ua ʻimi ʻia ka pōpoki a Temminka i nā moa a ua hoʻopilikia pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano he hopena.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka pōpoki Temminka
Ua helu ʻia ka pōpoki Temminck e like me ke ʻano hopohopo nui, akā ʻaʻohe mea kikoʻī e pili ana i nā ʻano i loaʻa a no laila ʻaʻole ʻike nui ʻia kona kūlana heluna kanaka. I kekahi mau wahi o kona laulā, ʻano ʻokoʻa kēia. ʻAʻole hōʻike iki ʻia kēia pōpoki ma ka hema o Kina, a ua manaʻo ʻia ka pōpoki Temminck e ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka leopadi ao a me ka pōpoki leopadi ma ia ʻāina.
ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ka pōpoki Temminck ma Kambodia hikina, Laos a me Vietnam. ʻO ka komo hou loa mai Vietnam mai nā makahiki 2005, a ma nā moku ʻāina ʻo Kina o Yunnan, Sichuan, Guangxi a me Jiangxi, ʻike ʻia ka laha ʻekolu wale nō manawa i ka wā o kahi ana nui. Eia nō naʻe, i nā wahi ʻē aʻe, me he mea lā ʻo ia kekahi o nā felines liʻiliʻi maʻamau. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi ma Laos, Thailand a me Sumatra he ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o ka pōpoki Temminck ma mua o nā pāpili aloha e like me ka pōpoki marbled a me ka leopadi kapua ākea. ʻO ka mahele o nā laha ka palena a patchy ma Bangladesh, India a me Nepal. Ma Bhutan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar a me Thailand, ua ākea loa ia. Ma ka laulaha, manaʻo ʻia ka helu ʻana o nā pōpoki Temminck e hōʻemi ana ma kā lākou pae āpau ma muli o ka nui o ka nalo ʻana o ka wahi noho a me ka lawaiʻa kū kānāwai ʻole ʻana.
ʻO nā pōpoki kiaʻi Temminck
Kiʻi: Cat Temminck mai ka Red Book
Ua helu ʻia ka pōpoki Temminka i loko o ka puke ʻulaʻula a ua helu ʻia hoʻi ma ka Appendix I o CITES a palekana ʻia i ka hapa nui o kāna pae. Ua pāpā kapu ʻia ka ʻimi holoholona ma Bangladesh, Kambupila, Kina, ʻInia, Indonesia, Peninsular Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand a me Vietnam, a ua hoʻomalu ʻia ma ka Lao Demokratika Aupuni Lao. Ma waho o nā wahi i pale ʻia ma Bhutan, ʻaʻohe pale kānāwai no nā pōpoki Temminck.
Ma muli o ka ʻimi holoholona ʻana a me ka ʻānai ʻana i nā pōpoki, hoʻomau ʻo Temminck i ka emi. ʻOiai ko lākou palekana, aia nō ke kālepa i nā ʻili a me nā iwi o kēia mau pōpoki. Koi ʻia ka hoʻoponopono koʻikoʻi a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā kānāwai kūloko a kūwaho hoʻi. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka nohona a me ka hana ʻana i nā alaloa o nā wahi noho he mea nui nō hoʻi e pale aku i nā laha.
ʻAʻole lākou i manaʻo ʻia he mea weliweli ia, akā pili loa lākou ia mea. Noho kekahi mau pōpoki Temminck i ka noho pio. ʻAʻole lākou e ulu pono i kahi ʻano, ʻo ia ke kumu e waiho pinepine ai lākou i ka nāhelehele. He mea nui nō hoʻi nā hana e hoʻopakele ai i ko lākou kūlohelohe. Hiki i ka hilinaʻi o ka poʻe ma Thailand ke hana paʻakikī i ka mālama ʻana. Manaʻo lākou i ka puhi ʻana i ka hulu o ka pōpoki Temminck a i ʻole ka ʻai ʻana i kāna ʻiʻo, e loaʻa iā lākou ka manawa kūpono e hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou iho mai nā tigika.
ʻO Cat Temminck He pōpoki hihiu e noho ana ma ʻAsia a me ʻApelika. Minamina, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ko lākou heluna kanaka me he mea lā e weliweli a palupalu paha. Ma kahi o ʻelua a ʻekolu paha manawa ka nui o ka pōpoki kūloko.ʻOiai he gula a hulu ʻulaʻula paha ko lākou hulu, hele mai ka ʻahu ma kahi ʻano kupaianaha o nā kala a me nā lauana.
Ka lā paʻi: 31.10.2019
Lā hou: 02.09.2019 ma 20:50
