Scolopendra he pepeke kolo e neʻe wikiwiki nei. Ua palahalaha ia ma ka honua a puni, a he mau wahi pulu a me nā anuanu kāna mau wahi punahele. ʻO ka pō kahi manawa hōʻoluʻolu o ke ao nona. ʻO ka wikiwiki a me ka wikiwiki e kōkua i ka centipede e kiʻi i ka meaʻai nāna iho, kahi e pono mau ai.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Scolopendra
He kolo ʻo Scolopendra mai ka genus o nā tropeal arthropods. Aia kekahi heluna nui o nā ʻano scolopendra, a ʻaʻole aʻo ʻia kekahi mau ʻano a hiki i kēia lā. Hiki i ka centipede ke noho i loko o ka nāhelehele, nā ululāʻau a me nā ana, a ma ka home. Kapa ʻia nā kamaʻāina o ka hale he flycatchers. ʻAʻole ia e hōʻino i nā mea nona ka hale, akā kōkua ia i ka hemo ʻana i nā mea ʻino huhū ʻē aʻe.
Video: Scolopendra
ʻO ka centipede kekahi o nā pepeke kahiko loa ma ka honua. Ua ulu kēia pepeke ma ke ʻano like me ia i kēia manawa, i nā makahiki i hala aku nei. Ua ʻike nā ʻepekema i kahi hoʻokalakupua fossilized i hana ʻia ma 428 miliona mau makahiki i hala. Me ka loiloi molekole, ua ʻike nā ʻepekema i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā hui nui o nā centipedes i ka wā ʻo Cambrian. Wahi a ka noiʻi hou loa i ka makahiki 2005, ʻo P. newmani ka holoholona kahiko loa i loaʻa.
I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā pepeke ʻē aʻe, he lōʻihi nā livers o ka scolopendra, ke ola nei kekahi mau kānaka a hala nā makahiki 7. ʻOiai, ma ka awelika, ola kekahi kanaka i ʻelua mau makahiki. Ke hoʻomau nei ka ulu ʻana o ka pepeke i loko o ke ola, ʻoiai i kekahi mau kānaka, pau ka ulu ʻana ma ke kahua o ka ʻōpio. ʻO ka mea nui o ka scolopendra ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana o nā lālā. Ulu nā paws nalo ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, akā ʻokoʻa paha ka nui, ʻoi aku ka pōkole o nā lālā hou ma mua o nā mea ma mua a ua nāwaliwali.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka centipede
He kino palupalu ko Scolopendra, ʻo ka mea nui o ka exoskeleton he chitin. No laila, e like me nā invertebrates ʻē aʻe, hoʻoheheʻe ia, hoʻokahe i kona pū i kona ulu ʻana. No laila, hoʻololi kahi ʻōpio i "nā lole" hoʻokahi i kēlā me kēia ʻelua mau mahina, kahi makua - ʻelua manawa o ka makahiki.
ʻOkoʻa ka nui o nā keneta. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 6 cm, eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau ʻano nona ka lōʻihi he 30 knm. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kino o ka scolopendra i poʻo a me kahi kumu a aia ma kahi o 20 mau ʻāpana (mai 21 a 23). Ua pena ʻia nā ʻāpana ʻelua i ke kala i ʻokoʻa mai ke kala nui o ka scolopendra, a ʻaʻohe o lākou. ʻO ka welau o nā lālā he kākalaioa. Aia kekahi gland me ka lāʻau make i ka lālā.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: Inā holo ka centipede ma luna o ke kino o ke kanaka, e waiho ia i kahi ala paheʻe a wela hoʻi.
Hoʻohui ʻia ke poʻo o ka centipede e hoʻokahi papa kahi e kau ai nā maka, ʻelua mau antena a me nā iwi ʻawahia, me ke kōkua o ia mea e lele aku i ka mea pio. Ma nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe a pau o ke kino, aia kekahi paʻa o nā lālā. Hoʻohana ka scolopendra i nā wāwae hope loa no ka hana hou ʻana a me ka ʻimi holoholona ʻana i kahi pio nui. Mālama lākou i kāna heleuma.
ʻOkoʻa ke kala o ka centipede: mai nā aka ʻokoʻa o ka brown i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona poni a polū. ʻAʻole pili ke kala o ka pepeke i ka laha. Hoʻololi ʻo Scolopendra i nā kala e like me ka makahiki a me ke anilā kahi e ola ai.
Ma hea e noho ai ka scolopendra?
Kiʻi: Crimean skolopendra
Hiki ke loaʻa ʻo Scolopendra ma nā wahi āpana āpau. Eia nō naʻe, hoʻonui nui ʻia ko lākou heluna kanaka i nā wahi o nā anilā anuanu: nā ululāʻau tropical o ʻAmelika Waena a me ʻAmelika Hema, ma ka ʻaoʻao equatorial o ʻApelika, ma ka hema o ʻEulopa a me ʻAsia. Noho wale nā pilikana nunui ma nā aniau tropical, ko lākou wahi punahele ʻo Seychelles. Noho ʻo Centipedes i loko o nā ululāʻau, ma nā piko o nā kuahiwi, ma ka ʻāina o nā wao nahele maloʻo maloʻo, i nā ana pōhaku. ʻAʻole ulu nui nā poʻe e noho ana i nā wahi me nā aniau ahonui.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: ʻAʻole hiki ke hālāwai me ka scolopendra nunui i ko mākou mau ʻāina, ʻoiai nā ʻelele liʻiliʻi o kēia laha o ke ʻano o nā arthropods e noho nei.
Makemake ʻo Scolopendra i ka nohona pō, no ka mea ʻaʻole makemake ka mālamalama mālamalama i kā lākou makemake. ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke kū i ka wela, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ka ua ko lākou hauʻoli pū kekahi. Ke hiki, koho lākou i nā hale o kānaka ma ke ʻano he hale. Maʻaneʻi, hiki ke loaʻa pinepine iā lākou i ka hale lepo pouli, a ʻū hoʻi.
I ka nahelehele, noho nā centipedes i nā wahi ona, pouli, pinepine i ka malu ma lalo o nā lau. ʻO nā kumu lāʻau popopo, ʻōpala o nā lau i hina, ka ʻili o nā kumulāʻau kahiko, nā māwae i nā pōhaku, nā ana he mau wahi kūpono ia no ka scolopendra. I ke kau anuanu, heʻe aku nā centipedes i nā wahi mehana.
I kēia manawa ʻike ʻoe i kahi i loaʻa ai ka centipede. E nānā kāua i ka mea a kēia ʻenekia e ʻai ai.
He aha ka mea e ʻai ai ka scolopendra?
Kiʻi: ʻelima Scolopendra
ʻO ka centipede e nā kūlohelohe he mau mea anatomical kahi e kū pono ai me ka hopu ʻana i ka mea pio:
- iwi ā;
- ake ākea;
- ʻalalā ʻawahia;
- nā wāwae hoʻoluhi.
ʻO ka centipede he predator. Ke hoʻouka nei i ka pio, hoʻoneʻe mua ka centipede i ka mea i hōʻino ʻia, a laila ʻai mālie iā ia. ʻO ka likelika o ka mea pio e pakele mai ka centipede he haʻahaʻa loa ia, no ka mea ʻaʻole wikiwiki wale ia e neʻe, hana ia i nā lele lele.
Mea hoihoi: Hiki iā Scolopendra ke neʻe i nā wikiwiki a 40 cm i kekona.
Nā pōmaikaʻi o scolopendra ke ʻimi holoholona:
- he mākau holo kiʻo maikaʻi maikaʻi;
- dexterous a palaka loa ka mea kolo;
- he pane wikiwiki i kekahi haʻalulu i ka lewa;
- hiki i ke kanaka ke hopu i kekahi mau mea make i ka manawa hoʻokahi.
ʻO ka scolopendra kūloko - nā lele lele, ʻai i nā ʻūlū āpau: nā ʻalalā, nā lele, nā makika, nā nū, nā moena moe. No laila, pōmaikaʻi ka flycatcher i ka hale kahi e ola ai.
Hāʻawi ka centipedes o ka nahele i ka makemake i nā mea ola e noho ana ma lalo o ka honua: worworms, larvae, beetles. Ke hele a pōʻeleʻele a puka ka centipede mai kona wahi hūnā, hiki iā ia ke ʻimi no nā ʻūhini, nā ʻenuhe, nā ʻilikeke, nā nalo a me nā naonao. Nui loa ke aloha ʻo Scolopendra, pono ia e ʻimi mau. Ua hele a kolohe loa i ka wā pōloli. Hoʻopuka pū kekahi centipede nui i nā rodents liʻiliʻi: nā moʻo, nā moʻo, nā moa a me nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Scolopendra ma ka Teritori Krasnodar
ʻO Scolopendra kahi insect predatory ʻino he ʻenemi weliweli ia no nā mea kolo a me nā holoholona liʻiliʻi. Ke nahu nei i kāna mea pio, hoʻopau ka centipede iā ia me ka lāʻau make a ʻai mālie iā ia. Ma muli o ka hana o ka centipede i ka pō, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻimi ʻana i kēia manawa o ke ao. I ke ao, hūnā ka centipede iā ia iho mai nā ʻenemi mai, i lilo ʻole ai i ʻāina awakea no nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻo ia i noʻonoʻo i ka ʻai i ka lā.
Makemake ʻo Centipedes i kahi ola antisocial, no laila noho wale lākou. ʻAʻole hōʻike iki ka centipede i ka huhū i kona hoahānau, akā inā he hakakā ma waena o ʻelua mau mea, make kekahi o lākou i kekahi hihia. ʻO Scolopendra, ma ke ʻano he rula, ʻaʻole hōʻike i ke aloha i ka honua a puni. He pepeke makaʻu a ʻino hoʻi kēia, nona ka hopohopo e pili i ka ʻike maka ʻole o ka mālamalama a me nā kala o ka honua a puni e kāna mau maka.
No laila, ʻo kēlā me kēia holoholona a i ʻole nā ʻelala nāna e hoʻopilikia i ka scolopendra lilo i kumu nona no ka hoʻouka kaua. ʻAneʻane hiki ʻole ke pakele mai ka centipede, no ka mea wikiwiki loa a wikiwiki ia. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka ʻōnaehana digestive o ka centipede, ka mea e ʻānai koke i ka meaʻai, koi hou i ka meaʻai. Ma muli o kēia, pono mau ka scolopendra e nānā i ka meaʻai.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: ʻOi aku ka centipede Kina i ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka hapalua o kāna ʻaina awakea no ʻekolu mau hola.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: centipede ʻeleʻele
Ua oʻo ʻo Scolopendra i ka moekolohe i ka makahiki ʻelua o ke ola. Hoʻomaka lākou e hana hou i ka waenakonu o ka puna a ʻaʻole pau i ke kauwela. Ma hope o ka hala ʻana o ke kaʻina hana moʻo, ma hope o kekahi mau pule ʻelua, hoʻomaka ka wahine e hoʻomoe i nā hua. ʻO kahi kūpono no ka hoʻomoe ʻana i nā hua manu he pulu a mehana. Ma ka awelika, hāʻawi ka wahine mai 40 a 120 mau hua i kēlā me kēia paʻa, akā ʻaʻole ola āpau. Nānā nā wahine i kā lākou lālau a mālama, e uhi ana iā ia mai ka weliweli me kā lākou mau wāwae. Ma hope o ka wā oʻo, ʻike ʻia nā ilo liʻiliʻi mai nā hua manu.
I ka wā hānau, ʻehā mau wāwae o nā centipedes pēpē. Me kēlā me kēia kaʻina molting, hoʻohui ʻia nā paws i ka centipede liʻiliʻi. A hiki i kekahi mau makahiki, kokoke ka makuahine i ka hua. Akā hoʻololi koke nā pēpē pēpē i ko lākou kaiapuni a hoʻomaka e noho kūʻokoʻa. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā invertebrates ʻē aʻe, he mau kenekulia kenekulia maoli. ʻO kā lākou mau makahiki ke ola ola he 6 - 7 mau makahiki.
ʻEkolu pae o ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka oʻo ʻana o nā centipedes:
- ʻōhua. ʻO ke kahua, ʻo ka lōʻihi o hoʻokahi a hoʻokahi a me ka hapa mahina ka lōʻihi.
- limu. Pili nō hoʻi kēia pae mai hoʻokahi a i hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua mahina;
- ʻōpio. ʻO ke kahua e piʻi ai ka centipede liʻiliʻi ma hope o ke kolu o ka molt;
- i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hoʻololi ke kala o ke poʻo i kahi ʻeleʻele, a ʻike maʻalahi ʻia ka pā mai ke kino. Hoʻomaka ka scolopendra ʻōpio e noho kūʻokoʻa i ka hopena o ka pule ʻekolu. ʻO ke kanaka makua piha, lilo ka scolopendra i ka makahiki ʻelua a ʻehā o ke ola.
ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā centipedes a me kona wikiwiki e pili ana i nā kūlana pae, meaʻai, ka wai a me ka mahana. He ola ko kēlā me kēia ʻano o ka scolopendra. Ma hope o ke ʻano makua, hiki i kēlā me kēia kanaka, ke kaukaʻi i ka laha, ke ola mai ʻelua a ʻehiku mau makahiki paha.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o scolopendra
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka centipede
I ko lākou nohona kūlohelohe, ʻimi pū kekahi nā mea konohiki i nā centipedes. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka ʻano o nā ʻano e ʻai i ka centipede, he mea liʻiliʻi ia. ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe loa o ka centipede ka rana, toad, mammals liʻiliʻi (shrew, mouse), a me ka manu. Makemake ʻo Owl e ʻimi i nā centipedes. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka scolopendra kahi meaʻai protein momona.
ʻAi pū nā holoholona kūloko e like me nā ʻīlio a me nā pōpoki i nā lele lele. Akā hiki i kēia ke hāpai i kahi makaʻu, ʻoiai e noho pinepine nā parasites i loko o centipedes. Ke ʻai ka holoholona i kahi scolopendra i hoʻopili ʻia me ka parasite, lilo pū ia i maʻi lele. ʻO Scolopendra kahi mea ʻai ʻono no nā moʻo a me nāʻiole.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: Hiki i kahi centipede nui ke ʻai i kahi kenekine liʻiliʻi.
Manaʻo kekahi mau lāhui a hiki i kēia lā i ka scolopendra ma ke ʻano he mea ʻono a maikaʻi hoʻi, no ka mea he nui nā protein i loko o kona kino. I kekahi mau moʻomeheu, aia kekahi manaʻoʻiʻo i ka centipede, ma ke ʻano he meaʻai, hoʻōla i nā maʻi he nui hiki ʻole ke hoʻōla ʻia e nā lāʻau.
ʻAʻole koi ka lāʻau kuʻuna i ka ʻai ʻana i ka scolopendra no nā kānaka, ʻo ia hoʻi ma kona ʻano maka, no ka mea ʻo ka hapanui o ka poʻe ma ka honua i hoʻopili ʻia me nā parasites. ʻO kahi parasite weliweli e noho ana i ke kino o ka centipede ka ʻāpana lung. Hoʻokumu kēia parasite i kahi maʻi weliweli e alakaʻi ai i nā maʻi neuralgic hiki ʻole ke hoʻōla ʻia, akā ʻo ka make pū kekahi.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Scolopendra
Kuhi ʻia ʻo Centipedes ma ke ʻano he ʻohana pili loa o nā ʻeke hoʻokahi. Mālama nā meaolaola i kēia lā i kekahi kuhiakau nui e pili ana i ke kūlana ʻōnaehana o centipedes. ʻO ke kuhiakau mua ʻo ia ka scolopendra, me nā crustacea, no ka hui insect o Mandibulata. Manaʻo nā mea mālama i ke kuhiakau ʻelua he hui kaikuahine nā centipedes e pili ana i nā ʻelala.
ʻO nā ʻepekema a puni ka honua he 8 tausani mau ʻano o ka scolopendra a puni ka honua. I ka manawa like, ma kahi o 3 tausani wale nō i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia. No laila, aia ka scolopendra ma lalo o ka nānā pono ʻana o nā biologists. I kēia lā, ua hoʻopiha ka lehulehu scolopendra i ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Ua loaʻa kekahi mau ʻano o kēia mau mea kolo ma waho o ka Arctic Circle.
He pilikia loa ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka heluna kanaka o scolopendra, no ka mea he paʻakikī lākou. I mea e hoʻopuka ai i kahi lele lele hale, pono ʻoe e hoʻoikaika nui. ʻO ke kūlana nui ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi kikoʻī i loko o ka lumi mai laila e kipaku ʻia ai. Mai ʻae ʻo Scolopendra i nā hoʻolālā. Eia hou, pono e hemo i ka dampness. ʻAʻole pono ke komo ʻo Centipedes i ka wai, me ka ʻole o hiki ke ola.
E hoʻohui i ka hopena, e uhi ʻia nā māwae āpau i ka hale i hiki ʻole i nā mea hou ke komo i loko. Inā ua noho ʻo centipedes i loko o kahi lumi, a laila aia kahi ʻoluʻolu, ʻeleʻele a ʻūlū ke kihi no lākou. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo e hoʻomaka lākou e hana kope a hoʻopiha i ka home holoʻokoʻa.
Scolopendra he pepelu ʻoluʻolu a weliweli hoʻi no ka honua i waho, me nā kānaka. Hiki i kāna nahu ʻawahia ke hopena i ka make. Hoʻolahalaha ka heluna centipede ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Ma muli o kona ʻano kolohe a me ka eleu, ʻike maʻalahi ʻo ia i ka meaʻai nāna, keu hoʻi i ka pouli.
Ka lā paʻi: 08/17/2019
Lā hou: 17.08.2019 ma 23:52
